JP3511137B1 - Voltage monitoring device and voltage monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 A voltage on a power supply line, for example, a power supply line between a power supply and a load, is monitored, and a detected voltage change, particularly, an intrusion source of an abnormal voltage is one of the one end and the other end of the conductor. The purpose is to enable judgment. SOLUTION: In a voltage monitoring device 8 capable of monitoring a voltage on a conducting wire, a filter means 83 interposed on the conducting wire and capable of filtering at least a part of the invading voltage change, and a boundary between the filtering means 83 and the filter means 83. A voltage monitoring means 1 is provided which is capable of determining whether the intrusion source of the voltage change is one of the one end and the other end by inputting and comparing the instantaneous voltages at one end and the other end of the conductor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

【Technical field】

The present invention relates to a voltage monitoring device and a voltage monitoring method that can detect an abnormal voltage by monitoring a voltage on a conductor, for example, a power source line between a power source and a load, specifically, a power source line of commercial power.

[Background technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Personal computers (hereinafter referred to as "PCs") require higher quality power supplies than conventional electric devices. The use of PCs is increasing not only in offices but also in residential areas. Electrical abnormalities that can cause abnormal operation of a PC, especially abnormal voltages, are known to include power outages, instantaneous blackouts, spikes, excessive voltage, insufficient voltage, harmonic noise, and MH band noise.
It can be generated indoors or outdoors and can enter indoors. Indoor sources include, for example, washing machines,
There is a refrigerator, fluorescent lamp, microwave oven, laser printer,
Further, the PC itself can be a source of generation. In general, as electric equipment becomes newer, it does not become a source of abnormal voltage, but the noise countermeasures of the DC power supply unit equipped with it have improved.
On the other hand, it is difficult to eradicate the source of abnormal voltage, because the fashion of continuing to use old electric appliances such as those in the 1960s is not constant.

Further, with respect to an abnormal voltage entering from the outside, only one thyristor / inverter in a certain factory may scatter noise not only in the factory but also in thousands of households in the vicinity. Basically, the power company is responsible for measures against abnormal voltage that intrudes from the outdoors, but even if an abnormal voltage is detected indoors, it is difficult to prove that it has intruded from the outdoors. However, there is no known distribution board equipped with voltage monitoring means capable of determining the detected intrusion source of the abnormal voltage and provided for each power consumer.

It is important to take measures against the abnormal voltage at its source. As a possible countermeasure for PC users, PC
It is necessary to install a noise filter, an uninterruptible power supply, or the like that cuts an abnormal voltage that intrudes into the PC, or to avoid using a PC together with an electric device that is a source of the abnormal voltage. However, even if the quality of the power source is high, providing each of the above devices imposes an additional financial burden on the user. Generally, in order to identify the source of abnormal voltage when it is detected, a method is known in which the surrounding electrical equipment is stopped in order to monitor whether the abnormal voltage stops. In addition to requiring a certain amount of knowledge and skill, abnormal voltage information cannot be obtained in detail.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The present invention focuses on the fact that electric equipment, particularly electronic equipment, is easily affected by abnormal voltage, while the equipment itself can be a source of abnormal voltage. The purpose is to monitor the abnormal voltage by dividing it into input and output.Specifically, the voltage of the power supply line between the power supply and the load is monitored, and the detected abnormal voltage intrusion source is the input side, that is, the power supply. It is an object of the present invention to provide a voltage monitoring device and a voltage monitoring method that can be easily used and that can determine which of the output side, that is, the output side, that is, the load side.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, in a voltage monitoring device capable of monitoring the voltage on a conducting wire, a filter means for filtering at least a part of a voltage change which is interposed on the conducting wire, and the filter. Voltage monitoring means capable of determining whether the source of the voltage change, particularly the abnormal voltage intrusion, is one end side or the other end side by inputting and comparing the instantaneous voltage on one end side and the other end side of the conductor line with the means as a boundary. The filter means, the two voltage detecting means for detecting the instantaneous voltage and the voltage monitoring means are incorporated in the body of one, or, for example, the filter means is a single ferrite core and the two voltage detecting means is a probe, It is also possible to separate it from the body with the voltage monitoring means.

Further, in the voltage monitoring device, first and second voltage detecting means each configured by a transformer or the like for detecting an instantaneous voltage on one end side and the other end side of the conductor wire, and a voltage of 100V system or 200V. Automatic voltage switching means for outputting an instruction signal for determining whether the system is a proper voltage waveform or the like, and for detecting a frequency of the power supply line such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz and switching to a suitable reference voltage waveform Is provided with an automatic frequency switching means for outputting the instruction signal, and each unit generally provided in a PC, for example, a control unit for controlling each unit, a memory for storing data, a communication unit such as a modem, an operation unit for a timer, a switch, etc. An alarm unit such as an LCD and a battery for supplying power to each unit are appropriately provided.

Next, in the voltage monitoring method for monitoring the voltage on the conducting wire, one end side and the other end side of the conducting wire are bounded by a filter means which is interposed on the conducting wire and is capable of filtering at least a part of invading voltage change. By inputting and comparing the instantaneous voltage of, it is possible to determine whether the intrusion source of the voltage change, especially the abnormal voltage is on the one end side or the other end side.

In the voltage monitoring means and the voltage monitoring method of the present invention, for example, the instantaneous voltage on one end side and the other end side of the conducting wire is full-wave or half-wave rectified, the difference between both rectifications is output, and both rectified values are output. By comparing the difference value and the reference value with the reference data, it is possible to determine an intrusion source of a large abnormal voltage that occurs instantaneously such as a spike in the voltage change. The reference data is, for example, one or two or more threshold values determined in view of the filtering characteristics (characteristic information) of the filter means, and can be updated based on deterioration or replacement of the filter means. By the way, it is conceivable that an intended voltage (normal voltage) is applied to the conductive wire, and the both instantaneous voltages include a normal voltage and an abnormal voltage. Therefore, the voltage monitoring means and the voltage monitoring method of the present invention, in order to make it easier to detect an abnormal voltage, for example, instead of the both rectified values,
The difference between the two rectified values and the normal voltage is output and the difference value is used. The normal voltage is, for example, a sine waveform of a commercial AC power supply,
Alternatively, the waveform is a waveform sampled immediately before the abnormal voltage is mixed, and therefore, the voltage monitoring means and the voltage monitoring method of the present invention include a circuit for generating and mixing a sine waveform,
Alternatively, a circuit or the like for sampling the voltage waveform is provided as appropriate.

Further, the instantaneous voltage on one end side of the conductor wire includes the voltage that has entered from the one end side and the voltage that has entered from the other end side and filtered by the filter means, while the instantaneous voltage on the other end side of the conductor wire has the other voltage. Since the voltage that has entered from the end side and the voltage that has entered from one end side and filtered by the filter means are included, the equation is established using the characteristic information of the filter means and both voltages that have entered from one end and the other end. Therefore, in the voltage monitoring means and the voltage monitoring method of the present invention, for example, the instantaneous voltage on one end side and the other end side of the conducting wire is full-wave rectified, the difference between both rectifications is output, and the values of both rectifications and the difference are analyzed by spectrum analysis. Then, by comparing the respective spectra which are opposed to each other using the characteristic information of the filter means, it is possible to determine the intrusion source of the waveform abnormality such as the harmonic noise of the abnormal voltage and the noise of the MH band. The means for spectral analysis is implemented as, for example, a fast Fourier transform circuit, and the characteristic information is included in the reference data. For example, the characteristic information is a coefficient indicating the degree to which the abnormal voltage can be filtered by the filter means and is generally called a shape factor. , ROM, RAM, etc., and can be updated based on deterioration, replacement, etc. of the filter means.

In the voltage monitoring device and the voltage monitoring method of the present invention, the filter means provided is basically capable of filtering,
A change in voltage that can be reduced, specifically, an intrusion source of an abnormal voltage can be determined. If the filter means is simple and the types of abnormal voltage that can be filtered are limited, the types of abnormal voltage that can be determined are limited, but on the other hand, they can be provided and used at low cost. The inexpensive filter means is, for example, a combination of a coil and a capacitor, and further a varistor and an arrester, and is generally called an AC line filter. The coil and the capacitor are partly for differential mode noise and partly for common mode noise.

The conductor means a wire that can be energized,
For example, the conductor wire is a communication cable and the voltage is a communication signal voltage of several volts, and the conductor wire is a power supply line between a power source and a load, and the voltage is a high voltage or a low voltage, an AC or DC voltage. The power source is, for example, a commercial power source of AC100V, and the load is, for example, an electric device. The voltage monitoring device of the present invention includes a large-scale power transmission network in which a power line distributes power from a power plant to each power consumer, a line of commercial power wired indoors, and a low-voltage DC power line in an electric device. Any of the above, and whether the input / output electricity is AC / DC, the block diagram of the main part can be handled without any change.

【The invention's effect】

The present invention has the following effects. It is possible to monitor the voltage of a power supply line between a power supply line and a load, for example, to determine whether the source of the detected abnormal voltage is the input side, that is, the power supply side, or the output side, that is, the load side. . Specifically, for example, the voltage monitoring device of the present invention is connected between an electric device that is suspected to be a source of abnormal voltage and a power source, and is monitored for a predetermined period of time. For example, by connecting the electric device to a power source later, monitoring it, and repeating this, it becomes possible to specify the electric device that is the source of the abnormal voltage, and stop the use of the specified electric device or before the PC. It is possible to take suitable measures such as connecting a filter device or an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) capable of filtering the abnormal voltage. By the way, with respect to an abnormal voltage that enters from the outside, the power company has a responsibility to take measures, and by incorporating the voltage monitoring means of the present invention into a distribution board provided for each power consumer, the power is supplied from the input side, that is, from the outside. It is possible to detect an abnormal voltage that has invaded and enable the power company to take appropriate measures.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

First, a drawing common to each embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of a voltage monitoring device common to each embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front and rear perspective view of the voltage monitoring device common to each embodiment.

In the voltage monitoring device 8 shown in the figure, a connection plug 91 can be used to connect to a voltage change generation source 93 such as a power source, while a connection socket 92 can be used to connect to a voltage change generation source 94 such as the load 3. Thus, the filter means 83 that can relay the power transmission from the power source to the load and that can filter at least a part of the voltage change that is inserted on the power source line and intrudes.
And a first voltage detecting means 81 for detecting an instantaneous voltage on one end side of the conductor and a second voltage detecting means 82 for detecting an instantaneous voltage on one end side of the filter means 83 as a boundary, and both instantaneous voltages are inputted and compared. In this way, the voltage monitoring means 1 capable of determining whether the intrusion source of the voltage change is one end side or the other end side, and the memory 85 for storing the data output by the voltage monitoring means 1 and the like.
And an alarm unit 86 such as a light emitting diode, a liquid crystal display, and a speaker for issuing an alarm based on the data and the like, an operation unit 87 for setting each unit and setting the time, and enabling wired or wireless communication with an external device. The communication unit 88, a timer (not shown), a battery 90 that supplies power to each unit, a charging unit 89 that charges the battery 90, and a control unit 84 that controls each unit. The two or more voltage monitoring devices 8 form a network via the communication unit 88 and can be monitored and controlled by the PC. The illustrated voltage monitoring device 8 has a height of 8 cm, for example, but can be further downsized.

[Example 1]

Next, the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a main part of the voltage monitoring means according to the first embodiment, and FIG.
4 is a process flow chart for explaining the operation of the determination means included in the voltage monitoring means in the first embodiment.

In the voltage monitoring means 1 of FIG. 3, the first positive voltage half-wave rectifying means 11 outputs only the positive voltage of the instantaneous voltage input from the first voltage detecting means 81, and the first negative voltage half-wave rectifying means. 12 outputs only the negative voltage of the instantaneous voltage input from the first voltage detecting means 81, and the second positive voltage half-wave rectifying means 13 outputs only the positive voltage of the instantaneous voltage input from the second voltage detecting means 82. The second negative voltage half-wave rectifying means 14
Outputs only the negative voltage of the instantaneous voltage input from the second voltage detecting means 82, and the first differential output means 15 inputs from the first positive voltage half-wave rectifying means 11 and the second positive voltage half-wave rectifying means 13. The difference between both positive voltages is output, and the second difference output means 16 outputs the difference between both negative voltages input from the first negative voltage half-wave rectifying means 12 and the second negative voltage half-wave rectifying means 14,
The first difference comparing means 17 and the second difference comparing means 19 make it possible to detect an abnormal voltage by inputting the difference from the first difference outputting means 15 and the second difference outputting means 16, respectively, and the judging means 25 detects the abnormal voltage. The source of intrusion can be determined.

Specifically, the first difference comparison means 17 compares the difference output by the first difference output means 15 with the first reference data 18, and the difference is a positive threshold value of the first reference data 18. If it exceeds, the value of the eleventh latch means 21 is set to Low (L).
To High (H) while the difference exceeds the negative threshold value of the first reference data 18, the value of the twelfth latch means 22 is switched from Low (L) to High (H) to obtain the second difference. The comparison means 19 compares the difference output by the second difference output means 16 with the second reference data 20, and if the difference exceeds the positive threshold value of the second reference data 20, the 21st
The value of the latch means 23 is changed from Low (L) to High (H).
On the other hand, when the difference exceeds the negative threshold value of the second reference data 20, the value of the 22nd latch means 24 is changed to Lo.
By switching from w (L) to High (H), the determination means 25 can determine the source of the abnormal voltage by acquiring the value of each latch means. Voltage examples at points (a) to (d) in the figure are shown in the lower part of the figure, and the dotted lines shown in (d) and (e) are a positive threshold value and a negative threshold value, respectively.

In the processing flow chart of FIG.
If the value of the eleventh latch means 21 is H (31), it is determined that the abnormal voltage is a positive voltage and the intrusion source is the input side (32).
If the value of the twelfth latch means 22 is H (33), it is determined that the abnormal voltage is a positive voltage and the intrusion source is the output side (34).
If the value of the 21st latch means 23 is H (35), the abnormal voltage is a negative voltage and the intrusion source is determined to be the input side (36).
If the value of the 22nd latch means 24 is H (37), it is determined that the abnormal voltage is a negative voltage and the intrusion source is the output side (38).
Then, after outputting the determination result, the process ends (39). The determination means 25 performs processing, for example, periodically acquiring the value of each latch means or each time it is notified that the value of the latch means of 1 has been switched to H.

Example 2

Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of essential parts from the voltage detecting means to the rectifying means in the second embodiment. The second embodiment is an improved example that can be added to the first embodiment, and portions not shown are basically based on the first embodiment.

In FIG. 5, the rectifying means 41 rectifies the instantaneous voltage input from the first voltage detecting means 81, and the synchronizing means 4
2 outputs a synchronizing signal based on the instantaneous voltage rectified by the first voltage detecting means 81, and the local oscillating means 43 outputs the synchronizing means 4
2 outputs a standard voltage waveform based on the synchronization signal input from the second input terminal 2. The difference output means 44 inputs the instantaneous voltage from the first voltage detection means 81 and the standard voltage waveform from the local oscillation means 43, and outputs the difference between them as a first positive value. Output to the voltage half-wave rectification means 11 and the first negative voltage half-wave rectification means 12. Figure (f)
Voltage examples at points (i) to (i) are shown in the lower part of the figure. Of course, a combination equivalent to the combination of the illustrated means is provided between the second voltage detection means 82 and the second positive voltage half-wave rectification means 13 and the second negative voltage half-wave rectification means 14. .

Example 3

Next, a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the essential parts of the voltage monitoring means in the third embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a process flow chart for explaining the operation of the waveform comparing means included in the voltage monitoring means in the third embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a main part for measuring and updating the reference data included in the voltage monitoring device in the third embodiment.

First, in FIG. 6, the voltage waveform penetrating from one end side of the conducting wire is WIN, the voltage waveform penetrating from the other end side is WOUT, the filtering function of the filter means 83 is f, and the first voltage detecting means 81 outputs Let WX be the voltage waveform to be generated, and WX = WIN + f (WOUT) is established, and further WX is obtained by superimposing a plurality of waveforms wx.
(Wx) is similarly established, and the voltage waveform output by the second voltage detecting means 82 is WY, and WY = WOUT + f (WIN)
Is established and further WY is obtained by superimposing a plurality of waveforms wy, and WY = Σ (wy) is similarly established, and the difference output means 5
WZ is the voltage waveform of the difference between WX and WY output by 1
Z = WX−WY is established, and further WZ is obtained by superimposing a plurality of waveforms wz, and WZ = Σ (wz) is established. The filtering function f is shown in the filter means 83 using a graph, and in the graph, the vertical axis represents the attenuation rate (unit dB) and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (unit Hz).

The first spectrum analyzing means 52 decomposes the voltage waveform WX into a plurality of wx and WX waveform table 55.
The second spectrum analyze means 53 decomposes the voltage waveform WY into a plurality of wy and outputs it to the WY waveform table 56, and the third spectrum analyze means 54 decomposes the voltage waveform WZ into a plurality of wy and the WZ waveform table 57. The waveform comparison means 58 correlates the waveforms recorded in the waveform tables with each other and then compares the waveforms with the reference data 59 to determine the intrusion source. Here, the reference data 59
Includes a filtering function f (a part of characteristic information), each spectrum analyzing means is, for example, a fast Fourier transform circuit, and can obtain the amplitude S, angular velocity T and phase U of each waveform. Is provided on the memory in a format capable of recording the amplitude S, the angular velocity T and the phase U for each waveform.

In the process flow chart of FIG. 7, the waveform comparison means 58 is composed of LOOP1 (61), LOOP2 (62) and LOOP3 (63). First, LOOP1
In (61), all wx and wy are collated and associated, and specifically wx and w in which the angular velocity T and the phase U match.
Combine y (65). One set of wx and wy is a waveform before filtering by the filter means 83 and the other is a waveform after filtering. However, if the filter means 83 has high performance, the waveform after filtering may be attenuated to such an extent that it cannot be decomposed by the spectrum analyzing means. So L
For all wx or wy that could not be associated in OOP1 (61), in LOOP2 (62),
Corresponding wz is searched (66), and for the waveform for which the corresponding wz could be detected (67), wx and w
Combine y (68) while detecting the corresponding wz (6
7) The intrusion source cannot be determined for the impossible waveform (6
9). Next, with respect to all wx and wy that can be associated with each other, in LOOP3 (63), an intrusion source is determined by using each amplitude S of wx and wy and the filtering function f in the reference data.

In FIG. 8, the filter means 83 in which the unique identification information 71 is recorded can be detached from the body of the voltage monitoring device 8, and can be replaced with a new one when the filter means 83 deteriorates, for example. Each means shown in the voltage monitoring device 8 measures the reference data 73 including the characteristic information of the filter means 83 and records the reference data 7 in the memory.
3 (including the identification information 72 of the filter means and the filtering function f in a computable form) can be updated,
The replacement time of the filter means 83 can be alarmed, and particularly the reference data measuring means 74 in the figure is an extension of the voltage monitoring means 1.

In the voltage monitoring device 8, the frequency band and level (that is, frequency distribution) of the output signal can be arbitrarily set and the standard signal generating means 76 for outputting a high frequency signal, and the input destination of the high frequency signal are one end side of the conductor. Alternatively, switching means for switching to the other end side, first high-frequency signal blocking means 77 and second high-frequency signal blocking means 78 for blocking high-frequency signals on one end side and the other end side of the conductor, respectively, a connection plug 91 and a connection socket 92. Connection detecting means 79 capable of detecting that an electric device is connected to the connection socket 92;
Reference data measuring means 74 for calculating the reference data of the filter means 83 by comparing the amplitudes S of the high frequency signals included in the respective instantaneous voltages inputted from the voltage detecting means 81 and the second voltage detecting means 82, and the outputted reference. Reference data updating means 73 for updating the reference data 73 recorded in the memory based on the data is provided.

The main part of the present embodiment for measuring and updating the reference data operates, for example, by operating the operating part, and also operates, for example, by being notified that the filter means 83 has been replaced, and uses it. There are three possible configurations, and the voltage monitoring device 8
Has at least one usage. First, in the first usage mode, the voltage monitoring device 8 is connected to a power source (not shown) by using the connection plug 91, and the connection socket 92 is connected.
Is connected to a load (not shown). The reference data measuring unit 74 acquires the identification information 71 of the filter unit 83, the standard signal generator 76 generates a high frequency signal, and the first high frequency signal blocking unit 77 and the second high frequency signal blocking unit 78 block the high frequency signal. Then, the switching means switches the input destination to input the high-frequency signal to one end side or the other end side of the conductor, and the reference data measuring means 74 causes the first voltage detecting means 8 to operate.
Instantaneous voltages are input from the first and second voltage detecting means 82 to measure the reference data of the filter means 83, and the reference data updating means 73 updates the reference data 73 based on the reference data and the identification information 71. Next, in the second usage mode, the voltage monitoring device 8 is connected to a power source (not shown) using the connection plug 91, and the connection detecting means 79 detects that the load is not connected to the connection socket 92. .
This usage form is almost the same as the first usage form,
Since the load is not connected, the second high frequency signal blocking means 78
Requires no action. Next, in the third mode of use, the voltage monitoring device 8 is not connected to a power source or a load, operates on battery power, and has a connection plug 91 and a connection socket 92.
No voltage, especially abnormal voltage, is input from any of the above. This usage form is almost the same as the first usage form, but since the power supply and the load are not connected, the first high frequency signal blocking means 77 and the second high frequency signal blocking means 78 do not need to operate.

[Brief description of drawings]

[0030]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of a voltage monitoring device common to each embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a front surface and a rear surface of a voltage monitoring device common to each embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a main part of a voltage monitoring unit according to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a process flow chart for explaining the operation of the determination means included in the voltage monitoring means in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of essential parts from a voltage detecting means to a rectifying means in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main part of a voltage monitoring unit according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a processing flow chart for explaining the operation of the waveform comparison means included in the voltage monitoring means in the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a main part for measuring and updating reference data included in the voltage monitoring device according to the third embodiment.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01R 31/00 G01R 19/00 G01R 31/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A voltage monitoring device capable of monitoring a voltage on a conducting wire, said filter means being capable of filtering at least a part of a voltage change which is interposed on said conducting wire, and said filter means. Voltage characterized by having a voltage monitoring means capable of determining whether the source of the voltage change is on the one end side or the other end side by inputting and comparing the instantaneous voltage on one end side and the other end side of the conducting wire Monitoring equipment. 2. A voltage monitoring method for monitoring a voltage on a conductor wire, wherein one end side and the other end of the conductor wire are separated by a filter means that is capable of filtering at least a part of a voltage change which is interposed on the conductor wire. A voltage monitoring method characterized in that it is possible to determine whether the intrusion source of the voltage change is one end side or the other end side by inputting and comparing the instantaneous voltage of the side.