JP3465095B2

JP3465095B2 - Four-way valve for air conditioner

Info

Publication number: JP3465095B2
Application number: JP08468195A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 俊典岩田
Original assignee: Pacific Engineering Corp
Current assignee: Pacific Engineering Corp
Priority date: 1995-03-15
Filing date: 1995-03-15
Publication date: 2003-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2018-11-10
Also published as: JPH08247328A

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、冷暖房用空気調和機等
に組み込まれる四方弁の改良に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a four-way valve incorporated in an air conditioner for cooling and heating.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】冷暖房用空気調和機には、冷暖房サイク
ルの切り換えをするために、言いかえれば冷房運転時と
暖房運転時に冷媒の流れ方向を切り換えるために、四方
弁が使用されている。ところで、冷暖房用空気調和機で
暖房運転を継続すると、室外側熱交換器の熱交換フィン
に着霜が生じ、この着霜がしだいに成長して熱交換機能
を損なう原因となるので、暖房運転中には定期的に除霜
運転が行われる。除霜運転は、四方弁を切り換えて冷凍
サイクルを逆にする反転除霜が一般的であり、このため
の四方弁として特開平６−２２１７２３号に開示されて
いる周知のパイロット式四方弁が用いられる。2. Description of the Related Art An air conditioner for cooling and heating uses a four-way valve for switching the cooling and heating cycle, in other words, for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant during cooling operation and heating operation. By the way, if heating operation is continued in the air conditioner for cooling and heating, frost will form on the heat exchange fins of the outdoor heat exchanger, and this frost will gradually grow and cause the heat exchange function to be impaired. A defrosting operation is regularly performed inside. The defrosting operation is generally a reverse defrosting in which the four-way valve is switched to reverse the refrigeration cycle, and a well-known pilot type four-way valve disclosed in JP-A-6-221723 is used as a four-way valve for this purpose. To be

【０００３】通常、反転除霜の場合、反転切換時に冷媒
圧が四方弁の弁体を弁座に押圧する方向に作用している
ので、パイロット式四方弁でないと切換操作ができな
い。従って、従来の四方弁は、全てパイロット式四方弁
が使用されている。しかしながら、パイロット式四方弁
は、耐圧構造が要求され、複雑な構造をしている為、製
造コストが高く、コストアップの要因となっている。Normally, in the case of reversing defrosting, the refrigerant pressure acts in the direction of pressing the valve body of the four-way valve against the valve seat at the time of reversing switching, and therefore the switching operation cannot be performed unless it is a pilot type four-way valve. Therefore, the conventional four-way valves are all pilot type four-way valves. However, since the pilot type four-way valve requires a pressure resistant structure and has a complicated structure, the manufacturing cost is high, which causes a cost increase.

【０００４】又、暖房運転中に反転除霜することなく除
霜を行う方式として、図６に示す従来の基本的な冷凍サ
イクルにおいて、図７に示す様に、二方弁（Ｂ）を備え
たホットバイパス回路（Ｃ）を接続し、圧縮機（１１）
からの吐出ガスを四方弁（Ａ）および室内側熱交換器
（１６）をバイパスさせて室外側熱交換器（１７）に案
内するようにし、ホットバイパス回路（Ｃ）を通る吐出
高温ガス冷媒により、除霜するようにしたホットガスバ
イパスデフロスト方式が提案されており、さらに、図６
に示す従来の基本的な冷凍サイクルにおいて、図８に示
す様に、絞り機構をバイパスする二方弁（Ｂ）を備えた
液バイパス回路（Ｄ）を接続し、液バイパス回路に設け
られた二方弁を開くか、または、膨張弁（Ｅ）を全開す
ることにより除霜するようにした液バイパスデフロスト
方式も提案されており、この場合には、除霜運転時に四
方弁（Ａ）を切り換える必要がないので、高価なパイロ
ット式四方弁に代えて、実開平３−１１４６８１号に開
示されている様な単純な構造の安価な四方弁を使用する
ことができる。Further, as a method for defrosting without reverse defrosting during the heating operation, in the conventional basic refrigeration cycle shown in FIG. 6, a two-way valve (B) is provided as shown in FIG. Connected hot bypass circuit (C), compressor (11)
The discharge gas from the gas is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger (17) by bypassing the four-way valve (A) and the indoor heat exchanger (16), and discharged hot gas refrigerant passing through the hot bypass circuit (C) is used. , A hot gas bypass defrost method for defrosting has been proposed.
In the conventional basic refrigeration cycle shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 8, a liquid bypass circuit (D) having a two-way valve (B) that bypasses the throttling mechanism is connected to connect to a liquid bypass circuit (D) provided in the liquid bypass circuit. A liquid bypass defrost method in which defrosting is performed by opening the one-way valve or fully opening the expansion valve (E) is also proposed. In this case, the four-way valve (A) is switched during defrosting operation. Since there is no need, an expensive four-way valve with a simple structure as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-114681 can be used instead of the expensive pilot type four-way valve.

【０００５】図９は、特開平３−１１４６８１号公報に
開示されている四方弁の構造を示し、この四方弁は、円
筒状の弁本体（８７）とその上部に配設された電磁石
（８８）とからなる。前記弁本体（８７）は、円筒状の
ボデー（８９）の下端部に取り付けられた４つの開口
（９０）、（９１）、（９２）、（９３）（図１４参
照）を同心円上に等間隔にて有する金属円板状の弁座
（９４）と、この弁座（９４）の上面に金属製の軸（９
５）を中心に摺動回転可能に配設されたプラスチックマ
グネット製の肉厚円板状の弁体（９６）とからなるもの
である。FIG. 9 shows the structure of a four-way valve disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-114681. This four-way valve includes a cylindrical valve body (87) and an electromagnet (88) arranged above it. ) And. The valve body (87) has four openings (90), (91), (92), (93) (see FIG. 14) concentrically attached to the lower end of the cylindrical body (89). A metal disk-shaped valve seat (94) having an interval, and a metal shaft (9) on the upper surface of the valve seat (94).
5) A thick disc-shaped valve body (96) made of a plastic magnet, which is arranged so as to be slidably rotatable around the center.

【０００６】前記弁座（９４）の４つの開口（９０）、
（９１）、（９２）、（９３）は、各々図１４に示す様
に所定の角度（９０度）間隔で開口（９０）を導入口、
これと対向位置の開口（９１）を導出口とし、これらと
直交的に配置した開口（９２）と（９３）をそれぞれ通
孔（９２）、（９３）としており、前記導入口（９０）
の上部にのみパイプによるストッパー（９７）が少量突
出状に設けられている。Four openings (90) in the valve seat (94),
(91), (92), and (93) respectively have openings (90) at predetermined intervals (90 degrees) as shown in FIG.
The opening (91) at the position opposite to this is used as a lead-out port, and the openings (92) and (93) arranged orthogonal to these are used as through holes (92) and (93), respectively, and the introduction port (90) is provided.
A small stopper (97) made of a pipe is provided only on the upper part of the above so as to project.

【０００７】前記肉厚円板状の弁体（９６）には、図１
４に示す様に前記弁座（９４）の導入口（９０）と通孔
（９３）と対応する位置に貫通孔（９８）と（９９）を
設けるとともに、その下半分に両貫通孔（９８）、（９
９）をつなぐ連通孔（１００）を設け、一方、導出口
（９１）及び通孔（９２）と対応する位置に、この導出
口（９１）及び通孔（９２）を気密的につなぐ気密連通
孔（１０１）が設けられ、これら両連通孔（１００）、
（１０１）の下部は、平面円弧状に形成されていて、こ
の弁体（９６）を回動させることにより、隣接する各開
口において連通状態が切り換わるようになっている。The thick disk-shaped valve body (96) has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, through holes (98) and (99) are provided at positions corresponding to the inlet port (90) and the through hole ( 93 ) of the valve seat (94) and both through holes (98) are provided in the lower half thereof. ), (9
9) is provided with a communication hole (100) that connects the discharge port (91) and the communication hole (92) to a position corresponding to the discharge port (91) and the communication hole (92). A hole (101) is provided, and both of these communication holes (100),
The lower part of (101) is formed in a plane arc shape, and by rotating this valve body (96), the communication state is switched at each adjacent opening.

【０００８】図９における弁本体（８７）の上部に配置
された電磁石（８８）は、中心の鉄芯（１０２）の外周
部にコイル（１０３）が巻かれており、このコイル（１
０３）への通電による磁石のＮ、Ｓ極の変換作用によ
り、その下部に配置したプラスチックマグネット製の弁
体（９６）の回動を行うもので、回動の位置決めは、前
記弁座（９４）のストッパー（９７）と弁体（９６）の
連通孔（１００）との間にて行われる。The electromagnet (88) arranged in the upper portion of the valve body (87) in FIG. 9 has a coil (103) wound around the outer periphery of a central iron core (102).
03), the valve element (96) made of a plastic magnet disposed therebelow is rotated by the converting action of the N and S poles of the magnet by energizing the valve. ) Between the stopper (97) and the communication hole (100) of the valve body (96).

【０００９】なお、本発明の技術思想と少し関連するも
のとして、特開昭５９−１５５６６９号公報に開示され
ている切換弁がある。この切換弁は、主弁と補助弁を備
えており、ソレノイドにて主弁を回移させるに先立ち、
補助弁を作動し、高圧冷媒をバランス穴から低圧パイプ
へ逃して、主弁内外の圧力をバランスさせた後ねじりば
ねの力により主弁を回移し、弁の切り換えを行うもので
ある。しかし、この切換弁は、主弁が回動する形態では
なく、ボデーの側部に貫通させて設けたソレノイドのプ
ランジャーの前後動により主弁を揺動操作するもので、
ボデーの気密性に課題があり、又、ねじりばねによる主
弁の駆動原理が不明確なものである。A switch valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-155669 is slightly related to the technical idea of the present invention. This switching valve has a main valve and an auxiliary valve, and before turning the main valve with a solenoid,
The auxiliary valve is operated, high-pressure refrigerant is released from the balance hole to the low-pressure pipe, the pressure inside and outside the main valve is balanced, and then the main valve is turned by the force of the torsion spring to switch the valve. However, this switching valve does not rotate the main valve but swings the main valve by moving the plunger of the solenoid penetrating the side of the body back and forth.
There is a problem with the airtightness of the body, and the principle of driving the main valve by the torsion spring is unclear.

【００１０】[0010]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、実開平３−
１１４６８１号に開示されている四方弁の改良に関する
ものである。図９及び図１４に示した四方弁は、パイロ
ット式四方弁より安価ではあるが、冷媒圧が運転時には
常時四方弁の弁体を弁座に押圧する方向に作用している
ので反転除霜ができない。従って、先に説明したように
ホットガスバイパスデフロスト方式や液バイパスデフロ
スト方式による除霜運転を行う必要があり、又、回路内
には、除霜時に開弁するための二方弁が必要となるた
め、安価な四方弁を使用しても、空気調和機の回路とし
てはコスト的に大きな効果を得られないのが現状であ
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the practical use 3-
The present invention relates to an improvement of the four-way valve disclosed in 114681. The four-way valve shown in FIGS. 9 and 14 is cheaper than the pilot-type four-way valve, but since the refrigerant pressure always acts in the direction of pressing the valve body of the four-way valve against the valve seat during operation, reverse defrosting is performed. Can not. Therefore, as described above, it is necessary to perform the defrosting operation by the hot gas bypass defrosting method or the liquid bypass defrosting method, and the two-way valve for opening the valve during defrosting is required in the circuit. Therefore, even if an inexpensive four-way valve is used, the cost of the air conditioner circuit cannot be greatly improved.

【００１１】本発明は上記の問題を解決するもので、安
価な構造の四方弁においてパイロット式四方弁と同様に
反転除霜が可能な新規の四方弁を提供することを目的と
する。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a new four-way valve, which is an inexpensive four-way valve and is capable of reverse defrosting like a pilot type four-way valve.

【００１２】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】前記技術的課題は、次の
通りの本発明によって解決できる。 [Means for Solving the Problems] The above technical problems are as follows.
It can be solved by the present invention.

【００１３】本発明の第１は、弁座の上面に回転可能に
配置した肉厚円板状の弁体の下面に形成した低圧側連絡
溝の上面に小径の穴を設けると共に弁体の軸芯に対しこ
の穴と直角方向の弁体の外周部対向位置に二つの突起を
設け、対向する二つの間隙を存して略半円状に二分され
た円筒状の胴部の上面を前記穴よりやや大きな寸法幅の
シール帯部で一体的につないだ永久磁石製補助弁の該シ
ール帯部にて前記穴を塞ぐと共に、前記二つの突起の両
側にばねを介して補助弁の間隙部を嵌め込み、補助弁の
上部に配置した電磁石への通電により補助弁の外周部に
対向的に配置した鉄芯の磁極を切り換えることによっ
て、冷暖房サイクルの切り換え初期の段階において、前
記帯部をスライドさせて前記穴を開放して弁体上下の圧
力差をなくしてから、前記電磁石により補助弁を介して
弁体を回動させ、冷暖房サイクルの切り換えを行なうこ
とを特徴とする空気調和機用四方弁である。[0013] The first present invention, the axis of the valve body with the upper surface of the low-pressure side communication groove formed on the lower surface of the thick disk-shaped valve element which is rotatably disposed on the upper surface of the valve seat providing the small diameter holes Two protrusions are provided at a position opposite to the outer periphery of the valve body in a direction perpendicular to the hole with respect to the core, and the upper surface of a cylindrical body part which is divided into two semi-circular shapes with two facing gaps is provided in the hole. The hole is closed by the seal band part of the permanent magnet auxiliary valve integrally connected with the seal band part of a slightly larger size width, and the gap part of the auxiliary valve is provided on both sides of the two projections via springs. By sliding the band in the initial stage of switching of the heating / cooling cycle by fitting and switching the magnetic poles of the iron core arranged opposite to the outer peripheral part of the auxiliary valve by energizing the electromagnets arranged above the auxiliary valve. After opening the hole to eliminate the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the valve, Wherein by rotating the valve body through the auxiliary valve by the electromagnet, a air conditioner four-way valve, characterized in that to switch the heating and cooling cycles.

【００１４】本発明の第２は、弁座の上面に回転可能に
配置した肉厚円板状の弁体の下面に形成した低圧側連絡
溝の上面に小径の穴を設けると共に弁体の軸芯に対しこ
の穴と直角方向の弁体の上面対向位置に半割ドーナツ状
プレートの両端部を位置させて設け、前記穴よりやや大
きな寸法幅のシール板を挟んで二つのアームを１８０度
以下の角度にて突出状に設けた補助弁の該シール板にて
前記穴を塞ぐと共に両アームの両外面と前記プレートの
両端部との間に少しギャップをもたせて、この補助弁を
弁体の中心に回動可能に設け、補助弁の上部に配置した
小型モ−タ−の回転によって、冷暖房サイクルの切り換
え初期の段階において前記シール板を押し上げて前記弁
体の穴を開放して弁体上下の圧力差をなくしてから前記
小型モ−タ−により補助弁を介して弁体を回動させ、冷
暖房サイクルの切り換えを行なうことを特徴とする空気
調和機用四方弁である。A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a small-diameter hole in the upper surface of a low pressure side connecting groove formed in the lower surface of a thick disk-shaped valve body rotatably arranged in the upper surface of the valve seat, and to provide a shaft of the valve body. Both ends of the half-doughnut-shaped plate are located at the position opposite to the upper surface of the valve body in the direction perpendicular to this hole with respect to the core, and the two arms are 180 degrees or less with a seal plate slightly larger than the hole in between. The sealing plate of the auxiliary valve provided in a projecting manner at the angle of is to close the hole, and to make a little gap between both outer surfaces of both arms and both ends of the plate, the auxiliary valve is By rotating a small motor that is rotatably mounted in the center and is placed above the auxiliary valve, the sealing plate is pushed up at the initial stage of switching the cooling and heating cycle to open the hole of the valve body and open and close the valve body. After eliminating the pressure difference between the Rotate the valve body via the auxiliary valve, a air conditioner four-way valve, characterized in that to switch the heating and cooling cycles.

【００１５】[0015]

【作用】本発明に係る四方弁は、運転中における冷暖房
サイクルの切り換え初期の段階において、電磁石又は小
型モ−タ−等の駆動手段にて補助弁を作動させることに
より、常時弁体を弁座に押圧している高圧冷媒の圧力を
低圧側に逃がせるため、弁体上下の圧力差がなくなるの
で、その後の弁体の回動が軽い力で行える。なお、詳細
な作用は、それぞれの実施例と共に後述する。In the four-way valve according to the present invention, at the initial stage of switching the cooling / heating cycle during operation, the auxiliary valve is operated by the driving means such as the electromagnet or the small motor, so that the valve seat is always seated. Since the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant that is being pressed to the side can be released to the low-pressure side, there is no pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the valve body, and the subsequent rotation of the valve body can be performed with a light force. The detailed operation will be described later with each embodiment.

【００１６】[0016]

【Example】

実施例１以下、本発明に係る四方弁の１つの実施例を図に基づき
説明する。図１は、この実施例に係る四方弁の縦断面図
であり、図２、図３は、分解斜視図である。Example 1 One example of a four-way valve according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a four-way valve according to this embodiment, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are exploded perspective views.

【００１７】弁本体（１）は、円筒状のボデー（２）
と、ボデー（２）の下端部に取り付けられた円板状弁座
（３）と、ボデー（２）内に回転可能に配置された肉厚
円板状の弁体（４）と、弁体（４）と同軸に回転可能に
配置された永久磁石製補助弁（５）から形成されてい
る。The valve body (1) has a cylindrical body (2).
A disk-shaped valve seat (3) attached to the lower end of the body (2), a thick disk-shaped valve body (4) rotatably arranged in the body (2), and a valve body It is formed of a permanent magnet auxiliary valve (5) rotatably arranged coaxially with (4).

【００１８】前記弁座（３）の軸心には、弁体（４）を
取り付けるシャフト（６）が立設され、この弁座（３）
は、ボデー（２）の下端部周縁にロー付等により取り付
けられており、この弁座（３）には、図２に示す様に弁
座（３）の軸心を挟んで互いに対向する位置で、かつ前
記軸心を中心とした１つの円周上に導入口（７）及び導
出口（８）、並びに通孔Ａ（９）及び通孔Ｂ（１０）が
軸心を中心にそれぞれ９０度の間隔で配置されていて、
導入口（７）には、圧縮機の吐出側に通じる導入管（１
２）が取り付けられ、導出口（８）には、圧縮機の吸入
側に通じる導出管（１３）が取り付けられ、通孔Ａ
（９）、通孔Ｂ（１０）には、それぞれ導管Ａ（１
４）、導管Ｂ（１５）が取り付けられ、この導管Ａ（１
４）、導管Ｂ（１５）は、それぞれ図６に示す室内熱交
換器（１６）及び室外熱交換器（１７）に接続されてい
る。A shaft (6) for mounting the valve body (4) is erected on the axis of the valve seat (3), and the shaft (6) is mounted on the shaft (6).
Are attached to the peripheral edge of the lower end of the body (2) by brazing or the like, and the valve seat (3) is located at positions facing each other with the axis of the valve seat (3) interposed therebetween as shown in FIG. In addition, the inlet (7) and the outlet (8), and the through hole A (9) and the through hole B (10) are respectively formed on the circumference of one circle centered on the axis center by 90 degrees about the center axis. Are arranged at intervals of
The inlet (7) has an inlet pipe (1) leading to the discharge side of the compressor.
2) is attached, and a lead-out pipe (13) communicating with the suction side of the compressor is attached to the lead-out port (8).
(9) and the through hole B (10), the conduit A (1
4), the conduit B (15) is attached to the conduit A (1
4) and the conduit B (15) are connected to the indoor heat exchanger (16) and the outdoor heat exchanger (17) shown in FIG. 6 , respectively.

【００１９】前記円筒状ボデー（２）内には、弁体
（４）がその軸心部を前記シャフト（６）に挿通されて
弁座（３）上を摺動かつ回転可能に取り付けられ、この
弁体（４）には、図２に示す様に弁体（４）を左右方向
に所要角度（この実施例では９０度）回転させることに
より、導入口（７）と通孔Ａ（９）または通孔Ｂ（１
０）のいずれかとを交互に連通させる略半月状のガイド
孔（１８）が弁体（４）の上部に貫通状に形成されてい
て、ガイド孔（１８）の上部には、弁体（４）の中心部
から円周方向に伸び、ガイド孔（１８）の上面を二分す
る連結帯部（１９）が形成されている。In the cylindrical body (2), a valve body (4) is mounted on the valve seat (3) so that the valve body (4) can be slidably and rotatably mounted on the valve seat (3) with its shaft center portion inserted through the shaft (6). As shown in FIG. 2, the valve body (4) is rotated in the left-right direction by a required angle (90 degrees in this embodiment) so that the introduction port (7) and the through hole A (9) are formed. ) Or through hole B (1
0) is formed in a penetrating shape in the upper part of the valve body (4) to alternately communicate with any one of (0), and the valve body (4) is formed in the upper part of the guide hole (18). ), Which extends in the circumferential direction from the center of the guide hole (18) and divides the upper surface of the guide hole (18) into two parts.

【００２０】また、この弁体（４）には、ガイド孔（１
８）と対向する位置に、弁体（４）の左右方向への回動
に伴い、前記導出口（８）と通孔Ａ（９）または通孔Ｂ
（１０）のいずれかとを交互に気密的に連通させる略半
月状の低圧側の連絡溝（２１）が形成されており、この
連絡溝（２１）の上面中央部には、連絡溝（２１）と弁
体（４）の上部とをつなぐ小径の穴（２２）が、前記連
結帯部（１９）と対向する位置に設けてある。The valve body (4) has a guide hole (1
8) and the outlet (8) and the through hole A (9) or the through hole B at a position opposed to 8) as the valve body (4) rotates in the left-right direction.
A low-pressure side connecting groove (21) having a substantially half-moon shape that alternately communicates with any of (10) in an airtight manner is formed, and the connecting groove (21) is formed at the center of the upper surface of the connecting groove (21). A small-diameter hole (22) for connecting the valve body (4) and the upper part of the valve body (4) is provided at a position facing the connecting band (19).

【００２１】また、前記弁体（４）の側面には、前記連
結帯部（１９）と穴（２２）とを結ぶ線と直交する位置
に、中心部から円周方向に伸びる板状の突起Ａ（２
３）、突起Ｂ（２４）が対向的に形成されている。前記
弁体の突起Ａ（２３）、突起Ｂ（２４）には、図２に示
す様に、中央にコの字形の接続部を備えその両側面をＶ
型に折り曲げたばねＡ（２５）、ばねＢ（２６）のコの
字形の接続部を嵌め込み固定される。Further, on the side surface of the valve body (4), a plate-like projection extending in the circumferential direction from the central portion is provided at a position orthogonal to the line connecting the connecting band portion (19) and the hole (22). A (2
3), the protrusion B (24) is formed oppositely. As shown in FIG. 2, the protrusion A (23) and the protrusion B (24) of the valve body are provided with a U-shaped connecting portion at the center, and both side surfaces thereof are V-shaped.
The U-shaped connecting portions of the spring A (25) and the spring B (26) bent in the mold are fitted and fixed.

【００２２】前記導入口（７）には、導入管（１２）か
ら弁座（３）を貫通させた突出部（２０）が突出されて
おり、この突出部（２０）が弁体（４）の左右方向への
回動（この実施例においては９０度の回動）に伴い、前
記ガイド孔（１８）の一端部に当接し、弁体（４）の回
動を制限するストッパーとなっている。A projecting portion (20), which penetrates the valve seat (3) from the introducing pipe (12), projects from the introducing port (7), and this projecting portion (20) is the valve body (4). With the left-right rotation (rotation of 90 degrees in this embodiment), it comes into contact with one end of the guide hole (18) and serves as a stopper for restricting the rotation of the valve body (4). There is.

【００２３】前記補助弁（５）は、図２、図４に示す様
に、前記弁体（４）の外周に回転可能に嵌る円筒状の胴
部が、相対応する両間隙（２９）を存して略半円状に二
分され、片方はＳ極（図４における斜線部）、もう片方
はＮ極に分極され、二分された両胴部の上面中央部を前
記弁体（４）の穴（２２）の直径よりやや大きな寸法幅
のシール帯部（２７）でつないで一体化しており、この
シール帯部（２７）の中央部に前記シャフト（６）が貫
通する孔（２８）を有している。In the auxiliary valve (5), as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a cylindrical body rotatably fitted around the outer periphery of the valve body (4) has two gaps (29) corresponding to each other. Existing in a semi-circular shape, one is polarized to the S pole (hatched portion in FIG. 4) and the other is polarized to the N pole. A seal strip (27) having a width slightly larger than the diameter of the hole (22) is connected to be integrated, and a hole (28) through which the shaft (6) passes is formed in the center of the seal strip (27). Have

【００２４】前記補助弁（５）の胴部の間隙（２９）の
寸法は、前記弁体（４）から出ている二つの突起（２
３）、（２４）に嵌め込まれたばねＡ（２５）とばねＢ
（２６）の自由長より若干狭い寸法に設定されていて、
この補助弁（５）の軸心部の孔（２８）が、前記シャフ
ト（６）に挿通され、前記弁体（４）の突起Ａ（２
３）、突起Ｂ（２４）に嵌め込み固定されたばねＡ（２
５）、ばねＢ（２６）を分された補助弁（５）胴部の両
間隙（２９）に嵌め込むようにして弁体（４）の外周部
に組み込まれ、前記シャフト（６）を中心に回転可能に
取り付けられている。The size of the gap (29) in the body of the auxiliary valve (5) is determined by the two protrusions (2) protruding from the valve body (4).
3) Spring A (25) and spring B fitted in (24)
It is set to a size slightly smaller than the free length of (26),
The hole (28) at the axial center of the auxiliary valve (5) is inserted into the shaft (6), and the projection A (2) of the valve body (4) is inserted.
3), the spring A (2) fitted and fixed to the protrusion B (24)
5), the spring B (26) is fitted into both gaps (29) of the divided body of the auxiliary valve (5) and is incorporated into the outer peripheral portion of the valve body (4), and is rotated around the shaft (6). It is possible to install.

【００２５】なお、前記補助弁（５）は、サマリウム等
の希土類元素やコバルト等を磁性材料とするプラスチッ
クマグネットで形成され、その磁力は、ばねＡ（２
５）、ばねＢ（２６）のバネ力よりも強く設定されてい
る。The auxiliary valve (5) is formed of a plastic magnet containing a rare earth element such as samarium or cobalt or the like as a magnetic material, and its magnetic force is the spring A (2).
5), it is set to be stronger than the spring force of the spring B (26).

【００２６】前記円筒状ボデー（２）の上部には、ボデ
ーキャップ（３０）が取り付けられており、このボデー
キャップ（３０）と前記弁体（４）、補助弁（５）の上
面との間には、弁室（３２）が形成されている。そし
て、このボデーキャップ（３０）の上面外方には、位置
決め凹部（３１）が形成され、図１に示す様に電磁石
（３５）の下面に垂下配置された位置決め凸部（３９）
の下端と嵌合させており、ボデーキャップ（３０）の中
心下面の凹部で前記シャフト（６）の上端部を軸支して
いる。A body cap (30) is attached to the upper part of the cylindrical body (2), and between the body cap (30) and the upper surface of the valve body (4) and the auxiliary valve (5). A valve chamber (32) is formed therein. A positioning recess (31) is formed on the outside of the upper surface of the body cap (30), and the positioning projection (39) is hung on the lower surface of the electromagnet (35) as shown in FIG.
And the upper end of the shaft (6) is pivotally supported by the recess in the center lower surface of the body cap (30).

【００２７】また、前記弁本体（１）の上部には、図３
に示すリード線Ａ（３３）、リード線Ｂ（３４）を備え
た電磁石（３５）が配設され、電磁石外周下部に延長さ
せて設けた円弧状の鉄芯Ａ（３６）、同じく鉄芯Ｂ（３
７）を前記円筒状ボデー（２）の上方からその外側部に
嵌め込み、鉄芯Ａ（３６）、鉄芯Ｂ（３７）が円筒状ボ
デー（２）を介して、図４に示す様に前記補助弁（５）
のＳ極、Ｎ極にそれぞれ対向する位置にて、止め輪（３
８）により脱着可能に取付固定されている。そして、こ
の位置決めは、電磁石（３５）の下面に設けられた前記
位置決め凸部（３９）を前記位置決め凹部（３１）に嵌
合させてなされる。Further, the upper part of the valve body (1) is shown in FIG.
An electromagnet (35) having a lead wire A (33) and a lead wire B (34) shown in FIG. (3
7) is fitted into the outer portion of the cylindrical body (2) from above, and the iron core A (36) and the iron core B (37) are inserted through the cylindrical body (2) as shown in FIG. Auxiliary valve (5)
Of the retaining ring (3
It is detachably attached and fixed by 8). The positioning is performed by fitting the positioning projection (39) provided on the lower surface of the electromagnet (35) into the positioning recess (31).

【００２８】次に、本実施例の四方弁の使用方法及び作
動について説明する。図４−Ａは、暖房運転時のセット
状態を示すものである。この場合電磁石（３５）のリー
ド線Ａ（３３）に直流電流を通電することにより、鉄芯
Ａ（３６）がＮ極となるとともに鉄芯Ｂ（３７）がＳ極
となり、補助弁（５）の対向するＳ極、Ｎ極と鉄芯Ａ
（３６）と鉄芯Ｂ（３７）が、それぞれ吸引し合ってい
る状態で、この補助弁（５）はばねＡ、ばねＢを介して
一体化された弁体（４）とともに時計回りに回動し、図
４−Ａの様に導入管（１２）の突出部（２０）がガイド
孔（１８）の一端側に当接して回動がストップされてお
り、ガイド孔（１８）により導入口（７）と室内熱交換
器（１６）につながる通孔Ａ（９）とが連通した状態に
なっている。Next, the method of use and operation of the four-way valve of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 4-A shows a set state during heating operation. In this case, by applying a direct current to the lead wire A (33) of the electromagnet (35), the iron core A (36) becomes the N pole and the iron core B (37) becomes the S pole, and the auxiliary valve (5). S pole, N pole and iron core A facing each other
The auxiliary valve (5) rotates clockwise with the valve body (4) integrated via the spring A and the spring B while the (36) and the iron core B (37) are attracted to each other. As shown in FIG. 4-A, the projecting portion (20) of the introduction pipe (12) abuts on one end side of the guide hole (18) to stop the rotation, and the guide hole (18) causes the introduction port (18) to move. (7) and the through hole A (9) connected to the indoor heat exchanger (16) are in communication with each other.

【００２９】この状態では、連絡溝（２１）により、導
出口（８）と室外熱交換器（１７）につながる通孔Ｂ
（１０）とが連通された状態になっており、連絡溝（２
１）の上部に設けた穴（２２）は、補助弁（５）のシー
ル帯部（２７）によって塞がれ、図５に示す様に圧縮機
の吐出口から出た高圧状態の冷媒が、導入管（１２）、
導入口（７）、ガイド孔（１８）を通り、弁室（３２）
内に充満し、補助弁（５）のシール帯部（２７）を上方
から押圧する形となり、連絡溝（２１）の上部に設けた
穴（２２）を密閉するため、高圧側の弁室（３２）から
低圧側の連絡溝（２１）への漏れがない状態となってい
る。In this state, the communication groove (21) connects the lead-out port (8) to the outdoor heat exchanger (17) through the through hole B.
(10) is in communication with the connecting groove (2
The hole (22) provided in the upper part of 1) is blocked by the seal band portion (27) of the auxiliary valve (5), and the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor as shown in FIG. Introduction pipe (12),
Pass through the inlet (7) and the guide hole (18), and then the valve chamber (32)
Since it fills the inside of the auxiliary valve (5) and presses the seal band portion (27) from above and seals the hole (22) provided in the upper part of the communication groove (21), the valve chamber on the high pressure side ( 32) There is no leakage from the low pressure side connecting groove (21).

【００３０】従って、図６の一点鎖線の矢印にて示す様
に圧縮機の吐出口から出た冷媒は、導入管（１２）に入
り、室内熱交換器（１６）を経て、室外熱交換器（１
７）に入り、導管Ｂ（１５）、通孔Ｂ（１０）、連絡孔
（２１）を経て導出口（８）、導出管（１３）を通り、
圧縮機の吸入口に戻る。Therefore, as shown by the one-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 6, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor enters the introduction pipe (12), passes through the indoor heat exchanger (16), and then the outdoor heat exchanger. (1
7), passing through the conduit B (15), the through hole B (10), the communication hole (21), the outlet (8) and the outlet pipe (13),
Return to the suction port of the compressor.

【００３１】次にこの図４−Ａの状態において、電磁石
（３５）のリード線Ｂ（３４）に対し、直流電流を流す
と、図４−Ｂの様に鉄芯Ａ（３６）がＳ極になるととも
に、鉄芯Ｂ（３７）がＮ極となり、補助弁（５）の対向
するＳ極、Ｎ極と鉄芯Ａ（３６）と鉄芯Ｂ（３７）が同
極となるため、図４−Ｂ中の矢印に示す様に相互の反発
力が生じる。Next, in the state of FIG. 4-A, when a direct current is applied to the lead wire B (34) of the electromagnet (35), the iron core A (36) becomes an S pole as shown in FIG. 4-B. And the iron core B (37) becomes the N pole, and the opposite S pole, N pole, iron core A (36), and iron core B (37) of the auxiliary valve (5) become the same pole. Mutual repulsive force is generated as shown by the arrow in 4-B.

【００３２】この時、弁体（４）は、図５に示す様に高
圧状態の冷媒に押圧されているから、小さい力では回動
できないが、前記磁力の反発力は、ばねＡ（２５）、ば
ねＢ（２６）の力に打ち勝って、図４−Ｂの様に補助弁
（５）のみが、反時計方向にわずか回動してスライドす
ることにより、弁体（４）の連絡溝（２１）の上部に設
けた穴（２２）を押圧していたシール帯部（２７）も共
にわずかスライドし、穴（２２）を一部開放する。At this time, since the valve body (4) is pressed by the high-pressure refrigerant as shown in FIG. 5, it cannot rotate with a small force, but the repulsive force of the magnetic force is the spring A (25). , The auxiliary valve (5) only slightly rotates counterclockwise and slides by overcoming the force of the spring B (26), so that the communication groove (of the valve body (4) ( The seal band portion (27) pressing the hole (22) provided on the upper part of (21) is also slightly slid, and the hole (22) is partially opened.

【００３３】これにより、低圧側の連絡溝（２１）と高
圧側の弁室（３２）が連通状態となって、弁室（３２）
と連絡溝（２１）が同じ圧力となり、弁体（４）を弁座
（３）に押圧する力がなくなるため、前記磁力の反発力
により、弁体（４）と補助弁（５）が図４−Ｃの状態ま
で共に回動する。As a result, the communication groove (21) on the low pressure side and the valve chamber (32) on the high pressure side are in communication with each other, and the valve chamber (32)
Since the connecting groove (21) has the same pressure and the force for pressing the valve body (4) against the valve seat (3) disappears, the valve body (4) and the auxiliary valve (5) are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force. Rotate together to the 4-C state.

【００３４】図４−Ｃに示す状態では、導入管（１２）
の突出部（２０）がガイド孔（１８）の他端部に当接し
て、弁体（４）の回動をストップし、ガイド孔（１８）
により導入口（７）と室外熱交換器（１７）につながる
通孔Ｂ（１０）とが連通状態になり、冷媒は図６中の太
い矢印にて示す様に流れて冷房運転の状態になる。In the state shown in FIG. 4-C, the introduction pipe (12)
Of the guide hole (18) is brought into contact with the other end of the guide hole (18) to stop the rotation of the valve body (4),
As a result, the introduction port (7) and the through hole B (10) connected to the outdoor heat exchanger (17) are in communication with each other, and the refrigerant flows as indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 6 to enter the cooling operation state. .

【００３５】この時、連絡溝（２１）に設けた穴（２
２）は、補助弁（５）の帯部（２７）によって塞がれ、
図５に示す様に圧縮機の吐出口から出た高圧状態の冷媒
が、導入管（１２）、導入口（７）、ガイド孔（１８）
を通り、弁室（３２）内に充満し、前記補助弁（５）の
帯部（２７）を上方から押圧する形となり、連絡溝（２
１）の上部に設けた穴（２２）を密閉するため高圧側の
弁室（３２）から低圧側の連絡溝（２１）への漏れがな
い状態となる。At this time, the hole (2) provided in the connecting groove (21)
2) is closed by the band (27) of the auxiliary valve (5),
As shown in FIG. 5, the high pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor is introduced into the introduction pipe (12), the introduction port (7) and the guide hole (18).
Through the passage, the valve chamber (32) is filled, and the belt portion (27) of the auxiliary valve (5) is pressed from above, thereby forming the connecting groove (2).
Since the hole (22) provided in the upper part of 1) is sealed, there is no leakage from the valve chamber (32) on the high pressure side to the communication groove (21) on the low pressure side.

【００３６】従って、図６に示す様に圧縮機の吐出口か
ら出た冷媒は、導入管（１２）、導入口（７）を経て通
孔Ｂ（１０）を通り、導管Ｂ（１５）を経て室外熱交換
器（１７）に入り、キャピラリーチューブ（４０）を経
て、室内熱交換器（１６）を通り、導管Ａ（１４）、通
孔Ａ（９）、導出口（８）、導出管（１３）を経て圧縮
機の吸入口に戻り、冷房運転回路となる。Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor passes through the introduction pipe (12), the introduction port (7), the through hole B (10) and the conduit B (15). Through the outdoor heat exchanger (17), the capillary tube (40), the indoor heat exchanger (16), the conduit A (14), the through hole A (9), the outlet (8), and the outlet pipe. After going through (13), it returns to the suction port of the compressor and becomes the cooling operation circuit.

【００３７】また、上記図４−Ｃの状態において、リー
ド線Ａ（３３）に直流電流を流すと、前記とは逆に、補
助弁（５）が矢印の様に時計方向に回動し、前記と同様
に、最初連絡溝（２１）に設けた穴（２２）を開放した
後、弁体（４）と共に補助弁（５）が容易に時計回りに
回動し、再び図４−Ａの暖房運転状態に切り換えられ
る。In the state shown in FIG. 4-C, when a direct current is applied to the lead wire A (33), the auxiliary valve (5) is rotated clockwise as indicated by the arrow, contrary to the above. Similar to the above, after opening the hole (22) provided in the communication groove (21) first, the auxiliary valve (5) together with the valve body (4) easily pivots clockwise, and again in FIG. It is switched to the heating operation state.

【００３８】なお、冷房又は暖房の運転時には、図５に
示す様に導入管（１２）を経て弁室（３２）に入った高
圧状態の冷媒が、弁体（４）を上方から押圧する状態に
なり、弁体（４）は弁座（３）に押し付けられ、弁体
（４）の下面と弁座（３）の上面とは密着する。これと
同時に、高圧状態の冷媒が補助弁（５）の帯部（２７）
を上方から押圧する状態になり、補助弁（５）の帯部
（２７）は連絡溝（２１）に設けた穴（２２）を塞ぐ形
で弁体（４）に押し付けられ、補助弁（５）の帯部（２
７）の下面と弁体（４）の上面とは密着し、連絡溝（２
１）と弁室（３２）との連通は閉ざされる。During the cooling or heating operation, as shown in FIG. 5, the high pressure refrigerant entering the valve chamber (32) through the introduction pipe (12) presses the valve body (4) from above. The valve body (4) is pressed against the valve seat (3), and the lower surface of the valve body (4) and the upper surface of the valve seat (3) are in close contact with each other. At the same time, the high pressure refrigerant flows into the band portion (27) of the auxiliary valve (5).
Is pressed from above, the band portion (27) of the auxiliary valve (5) is pressed against the valve body (4) so as to close the hole (22) provided in the communication groove (21), and the auxiliary valve (5) ) Belt (2
The lower surface of 7) and the upper surface of the valve body (4) are in close contact with each other, and the connecting groove (2
The communication between 1) and the valve chamber (32) is closed.

【００３９】本実施例の四方弁によると、運転時に弁体
（４）の連絡溝（２１）に設けた穴（２２）を弁体
（４）を回動する前に開放し、弁体（４）上下の圧力差
をなくすので、電磁石（３５）と補助弁（５）胴部の永
久磁石の反発力でも弁体（４）の回動が可能になる。According to the four-way valve of the present embodiment, the hole (22) provided in the communication groove (21) of the valve body (4) is opened before the valve body (4) is rotated during operation so that the valve body ( 4) Since the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is eliminated, the valve body (4) can be rotated by the repulsive force of the electromagnet (35) and the permanent magnet of the auxiliary valve (5) body.

【００４０】従って、冷房又は暖房運転中でも回路の切
り換えが可能となり、従来除霜運転に必要であったホッ
トバイパス回路や液バイパス回路、あるいは、二方弁の
必要がなくなり、構造単純で安価な四方弁にて従来のパ
イロット弁を備えた四方弁と同様に反転除霜を可能にす
る。Therefore, the circuit can be switched even during the cooling or heating operation, and the hot bypass circuit, the liquid bypass circuit or the two-way valve, which has been conventionally required for the defrosting operation, is not necessary, and the structure is simple and inexpensive. The valve enables reverse defrosting like a four-way valve with a conventional pilot valve.

【００４１】また、補助弁（５）を回動させる駆動源で
ある二分した胴部を、弁体（４）とは別の永久磁石によ
り形成しているため、従来のプラスチックマグネット製
のものと異なり、磁粉が発生せず、回路等の目詰まりが
生じない。Further, since the halved body part which is the drive source for rotating the auxiliary valve (5) is formed by a permanent magnet different from the valve body (4), it is different from the conventional plastic magnet. In contrast, no magnetic powder is generated and the circuit is not clogged.

【００４２】なお、本実施例における補助弁（５）をは
じめ、帯部（２７）、穴（２２）、ガイド孔（１８）、
鉄芯Ａ（３６）、鉄芯Ｂ（３７）等の形状や位置決めの
構成、電磁石（３５）の固定方法等は、前記図示例に限
られるものではなく、また、補助弁に用いる永久磁石に
は、ＮＳ極を順次反転配列したいわゆる多極マグネット
を用いることもできる。The auxiliary valve (5) in this embodiment, the band (27), the hole (22), the guide hole (18),
The shapes and positioning structures of the iron core A (36) and the iron core B (37), the fixing method of the electromagnet (35), and the like are not limited to those in the illustrated example, and the permanent magnet used for the auxiliary valve is not limited to the example. Can also use a so-called multi-pole magnet in which NS poles are sequentially inverted.

【００４３】実施例２図１０、図１１は、本発明に係る四方弁の他の実施例に
おける分解斜視図であり、図１２は、その縦断面図であ
る。この実施例の四方弁は、円筒状ボデー（４１）と、
ボデー（４１）の下端部に取り付けられた円板状の弁座
（４２）と、弁座（４２）の外周部に固定された段付リ
ング状のガイド（５７）と、ガイド（５７）内に回転可
能に配置された肉厚円板状の弁体（４３）と、弁体（４
３）の上面を一定範囲回動するシール板（６８）を備え
た補助弁（６５）と、前記弁体（４３）と補助弁（６
５）を回転させる小型モーター（４４）及び複数の歯車
から構成されている。Embodiment 2 FIGS. 10 and 11 are exploded perspective views of another embodiment of the four-way valve according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. The four-way valve of this embodiment has a cylindrical body (41) and
Inside a disc-shaped valve seat (42) attached to the lower end of the body (41), a stepped ring-shaped guide (57) fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the valve seat (42), and a guide (57). A thick disk-shaped valve body (43) rotatably arranged in the
3) an auxiliary valve (65) provided with a seal plate (68) that rotates a certain range on the upper surface, the valve body (43) and the auxiliary valve (6)
It is composed of a small motor (44) for rotating 5) and a plurality of gears.

【００４４】前記弁座（４２）の軸心には、伝達軸（４
５）の位置決めとして軸受け穴（４６）が形成され、弁
座（４２）は、円筒状ボデー（４１）の下端部周縁にロ
ー付等により取り付けられており、この弁座（４２）に
は図１０に示す様に、弁座（４２）の軸心を挟んで互い
に対向する位置で、かつ前記軸心を中心とした円周上に
導入口（４７）及び導出口（４８）、並びに通孔Ａ（４
９）及び通孔Ｂ（５０）が軸心を中心にそれぞれ９０度
の間隔で配置されていて、導入口（４７）には、圧縮機
の吐出側に通じる導入管（５１）が取り付けられ、導出
口（４８）には圧縮機の吸入側に通じる導出管（５２）
が取り付けられ、通孔Ａ（４９）、通孔Ｂ（５０）に
は、それぞれ導管Ａ（５３）、導管Ｂ（５４）が取り付
けられ、この導管Ａ（５３）、導管Ｂ（５４）はそれぞ
れ図６に示す室内熱交換器（１６）及び室外熱交換器
（１７）に接続されている。At the center of the valve seat (42), the transmission shaft (4
A bearing hole (46) is formed for positioning 5), and the valve seat (42) is attached to the peripheral edge of the lower end of the cylindrical body (41) by brazing or the like. As shown in FIG. 10, the inlet port (47), the outlet port (48), and the through hole are provided at positions facing each other with the axis of the valve seat (42) interposed therebetween, and on the circumference around the axis. A (4
9) and the through holes B (50) are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees around the axis, and an introduction pipe (51) communicating with the discharge side of the compressor is attached to the introduction port (47). The outlet port (48) has a outlet pipe (52) leading to the suction side of the compressor.
Is attached, and the conduit A (53) and the conduit B (54) are attached to the through hole A (49) and the through hole B (50), respectively. The conduit A (53) and the conduit B (54) are respectively attached. It is connected to the indoor heat exchanger (16) and the outdoor heat exchanger (17) shown in FIG.

【００４５】前記円筒状ボデー（４１）の内側面には、
位置決め凸部（５５）が設けられ、この位置決め凸部
（５５）に対応して、側面に位置決め凹部（５６）を有
する段付きリング状のガイド（５７）が挿入固定され
る。このガイド（５７）は、図１０、図１５に示すよう
に内側下段面（５８' ）に、両端テーパー形状の側壁凸
部（５８）が水平方向角度９０度以下の範囲で形成され
ているものである。On the inner surface of the cylindrical body (41),
A positioning projection (55) is provided, and a stepped ring-shaped guide (57) having a positioning recess (56) on the side surface is inserted and fixed corresponding to the positioning projection (55). As shown in FIGS. 10 and 15, the guide (57) is formed with side wall protrusions (58) having tapered ends on the inner lower step surface (58 ′) within a horizontal angle range of 90 ° or less. Is.

【００４６】前記リング状のガイド（５７）内には、上
部に半割ドーナツ状プレート（５９）を備え、軸心部に
軸穴（４３' ）を有する前記ガイド（５７）の内側下段
面（５８' ）と同じ高さの肉厚円筒状の弁体（４３）
が、その軸心を中心に前記弁座（４２）上を摺動かつ回
転可能に取り付けられている。Inside the ring-shaped guide (57), a half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) is provided on the upper part, and an inner lower step surface () of the guide ( 57 ) having a shaft hole (43 ') at the shaft center part. 58 ') A cylindrical valve body (43) with the same height as 58')
Is mounted so as to be slidable and rotatable on the valve seat (42) about its axis.

【００４７】なお、前記弁体（４３）上部の半割ドーナ
ツ状プレート（５９）は、その両側端部が図１３−Ａの
状態において、導入口（４７）と導出口（４８）の中心
に位置するように設けられている。The half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) above the valve body (43) is located at the center of the inlet port (47) and the outlet port (48) in the state where both side ends are in the state shown in FIG. 13-A. It is provided to be located.

【００４８】前記弁体（４３）には、この弁体（４３）
を左右方向に所要角度（この実施例では９０度）回転さ
せることにより、前記導入口（４７）と前記通孔Ａ（４
９）または通孔Ｂ（５０）のいずれかとを交互に連通さ
せる略半月状のガイド孔（６０）が弁体（４３）の上部
と貫通状に形成され、このガイド孔（６０）の上部に
は、弁体（４３）の中心部から円周方向に伸び、ガイド
孔（６０）の上面を二分する連結帯部（６１）が形成さ
れている。The valve body (43) is provided with the valve body (43).
Is rotated in the left-right direction by a required angle (90 degrees in this embodiment), so that the introduction port (47) and the through hole A (4
9) or the through hole B (50) alternately communicates with a substantially half-moon shaped guide hole (60) formed in a penetrating shape with the upper portion of the valve body (43) and at the upper portion of the guide hole (60). Has a connecting band portion (61) extending in the circumferential direction from the central portion of the valve body (43) and bisecting the upper surface of the guide hole (60).

【００４９】前記ガイド孔（６０）には、導入管（５
１）の突出部（６２）を突出させており、この突出部
（６２）が弁体（４３）の左右方向への回動（この実施
例においては９０度の回動）に伴い、前記ガイド孔（６
０）の一端部に当接し、弁体（４３）の回動を制限する
ストッパーとなっている。In the guide hole (60), the introduction pipe (5
The protruding portion (62) of 1) is projected, and the protruding portion (62) is rotated in the left-right direction of the valve body (43) (rotation of 90 degrees in this embodiment), and the guide is formed. Hole (6
It serves as a stopper that abuts on one end of 0) and limits the rotation of the valve body (43).

【００５０】また、この弁体（４３）には、ガイド孔
（６０）と対向する位置に、弁体（４３）の左右方向へ
の回動に伴い、前記導出口（４８）と通孔Ａ（４９）ま
たは、通孔Ｂ（５０）のいずれかとを交互に気密的に連
通させる略半月状の低圧側の連絡溝（６３）が形成され
ており、この連絡溝（６３）の上面には、連絡溝（６
３）と弁体（４３）の上部とをつなぐ小径の穴（６４）
が設けてある。Further, in the valve body (43), at the position facing the guide hole (60), the outlet port (48) and the through hole A are formed as the valve body (43) rotates in the left-right direction. (49) or a through hole B (50) is alternately and airtightly communicated with each other, and a communication groove (63) on the low-pressure side of a substantially half moon shape is formed, and an upper surface of this communication groove (63) is formed. , Connecting groove (6
Small diameter hole (64) connecting 3) and the upper part of valve body (43)
Is provided.

【００５１】前記弁体（４３）の上部には、半割ドーナ
ツ状プレート（５９）の内面円弧部にのぞむ形で、補助
弁（６５）が回動可能に設置される。この補助弁（６
５）は、図１２、図１３に示す様に、軸心から円周方向
にアームＡ（６６）、アームＢ（６７）が弁体の外周ま
で形成されており、この両アームの間に前記穴（６４）
よりやや大きな寸法幅のシール板（６８）が、その円周
方向の外端が前記ガイド（５７）の内側下段面（５８'
）に乗るように形成されている。An auxiliary valve (65) is rotatably installed on the upper portion of the valve body (43) so as to look into the arc portion of the inner surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59). This auxiliary valve (6
5), as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, an arm A (66) and an arm B (67) are formed in the circumferential direction from the shaft center to the outer periphery of the valve body, and between the both arms, Hole (64)
A sealing plate (68) having a slightly larger dimension width has a circumferential outer end which is an inner lower step surface (58 ') of the guide (57).
) Is formed to ride.

【００５２】前記アームＡ（６６）、アームＢ（６７）
の両外面がなす角度は、１８０度以下の約１７０度に設
定されており、弁体（４３）上部の半割ドーナツ状プレ
ート（５９）の両端面との間には、図１３に示す様に回
転方向にギャップがあるように設定されている。Arm A (66) and arm B (67)
The angle formed by both outer surfaces of the two is set to about 170 degrees, which is 180 degrees or less, and as shown in FIG. 13 between the two end surfaces of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) above the valve body (43). There is a gap in the direction of rotation.

【００５３】なお、前記補助弁（６５）が備えているシ
ール板（６８）は、図１３、図１５に示す様に、前記弁
体（４３）と補助弁（６５）とのギャップの角度内では
前記弁体（４３）の連絡溝（６３）に設けた穴（６４）
に完全に重なるように設定されており、アームＡ（６
６）又はアームＢ（６７）が、弁体（４３）上部の半割
ドーナツ状プレート（５９）の側面に当る時、又は、当
る直前には、前記補助弁（６５）のシール板（６８）
が、前記ガイド（５７）の内側下段面（５８' ）に形成
されている側壁凸部（５８）にかからないようになって
いる。即ち、この側壁凸部（５８）の設置角度は、弁の
切り換え角である９０度から弁体（４３）と補助弁（６
５）の回転方向のギャップの角度（約１０度）を引いた
角度より小さい角度（約７５度）に設定されている。ま
た、前記補助弁（６５）の軸心部には、複数の突起を有
する円形状の穴（６９）が形成されている。As shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, the seal plate (68) provided in the auxiliary valve (65) has an angle within the gap between the valve body (43) and the auxiliary valve (65). Then, the hole (64) provided in the communication groove (63) of the valve body (43)
The arm A (6
6) or the arm B (67) hits the side surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) above the valve body (43), or just before hitting, the seal plate (68) of the auxiliary valve (65).
However, it does not come into contact with the side wall projections (58) formed on the inner lower step surface (58 ') of the guide (57). That is, the installation angle of the side wall convex portion (58) is 90 degrees, which is the valve switching angle, from the valve body (43) and the auxiliary valve (6).
It is set to an angle (about 75 degrees) smaller than the angle obtained by subtracting the angle (about 10 degrees) of the gap in the rotation direction of 5). Further, a circular hole (69) having a plurality of protrusions is formed at the axial center of the auxiliary valve (65).

【００５４】前記補助弁（６５）の軸心部の突起を有す
る円形状の穴（６９）と前記弁体（４３）中心の軸穴
（４３' ）には、図１１に示す様に、小型モーター（４
４）からの回転運動を伝達するための歯車部（７２）を
上端に備え、その下部に前記円形状の穴（６９）に嵌合
可能な嵌合部（７０）を備え、さらにその下端にシャフ
ト（７１）を有する伝達軸（４５）が、地板Ａ（７３）
を介して挿入され、シャフト（７１）の下端は前記弁座
（４２）に設けられた軸受け穴（４６）に支持されてい
る。As shown in FIG. 11, the auxiliary valve (65) has a circular hole (69) having a projection at the axial center thereof and a shaft hole (43 ') at the center of the valve body (43). Motor (4
4) a gear part (72) for transmitting the rotational movement from 4) is provided at the upper end, and a fitting part (70) which can be fitted into the circular hole (69) is provided at the lower part, and further at the lower end thereof. The transmission shaft (45) having the shaft (71) has a main plate A (73).
And the lower end of the shaft (71) is supported by a bearing hole (46) provided in the valve seat (42).

【００５５】また、伝達軸（４５）の上部には、地板Ｂ
（７４）が設けられ、これら地板Ａ（７３），地板Ｂ
（７４）には、伝達軸（４５）及び後述する複数の歯車
がスムーズに回転できるような位置に軸穴が形成されて
いる。Further, on the upper part of the transmission shaft (45), a main plate B
(74) are provided, and these main plate A (73) and main plate B are provided.
A shaft hole is formed in (74) at a position where the transmission shaft (45) and a plurality of gears described later can smoothly rotate.

【００５６】前記した地板Ｂ（７４）の軸穴にピッチ円
径の異なる平歯車を２段に重ねかつ歯車軸が一体化され
た歯車Ａ（７５）、歯車Ｂ（７６）、歯車Ｃ（７７）が
それぞれかみ合うように挿入され、これらの歯車の上部
はその上部に配置した円筒状のブラケット（７８）に設
けた軸穴に挿入する形で組み付けられる。A gear A (75), a gear B (76), and a gear C (77) in which spur gears having different pitch circle diameters are stacked in two stages in the shaft hole of the main plate B (74) and the gear shafts are integrated. ) Are inserted so as to mesh with each other, and the upper parts of these gears are assembled so as to be inserted into the shaft holes provided in the cylindrical bracket (78) arranged on the upper part.

【００５７】前記ブラケット（７８）の円筒部の内側壁
上部には、小型モーター（４４）の固定用の爪（７９）
が形成され、このブラケット（７８）の円筒状の内部
に、図１２に示す様に小型モーター（４４）が挿入さ
れ、爪（７９）により固定される。また、小型モーター
（４４）の軸には、前記した歯車Ｃ（７７）とかみ合う
歯車Ｄ（８０）が取り付けられている。On the upper part of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the bracket (78), a claw (79) for fixing the small motor (44) is provided.
The small motor (44) is inserted into the cylindrical shape of the bracket (78) as shown in FIG. 12, and is fixed by the claw (79). A gear D (80) meshing with the gear C (77) is attached to the shaft of the small motor (44).

【００５８】前記小型モーター（４４）の端子部には、
ワイヤーＡ（８１）、ワイヤーＢ（８２）が半田付さ
れ、その外端部には、メス端子を装備したコネクタ（８
３）が取り付けられている。At the terminal portion of the small motor (44),
A wire A (81) and a wire B (82) are soldered, and a connector (8) equipped with a female terminal is provided on the outer end thereof.
3) is attached.

【００５９】前記円筒状ボデー（４１）の上部には、前
記ブラケット（７８）と共に小型モーター（４４）を覆
うボデーキャップ（８４）が取り付けられている。この
ボデーキャップ（８４）には貫通穴（８５）が設けてあ
り、その貫通穴（８５）には気密端子（８６）が取り付
けられていて、前記小型モーター（４４）のコネクタ
（８３）が、この気密端子（８６）に接続されている。A body cap (84) which covers the small motor (44) together with the bracket (78) is attached to the upper portion of the cylindrical body (41). A through hole (85) is provided in the body cap (84), an airtight terminal (86) is attached to the through hole (85), and the connector (83) of the small motor (44) is It is connected to this airtight terminal (86).

【００６０】次に、本実施例の四方弁の使用方法及び作
動について説明する。図１３−Ａは、暖房運転のセット
状態を示すものである。この場合、気密端子（８６）か
ら直流電流を通電することによりコネクタ（８３）を介
して小型モーター（４４）の軸が回転し、歯車Ｄ（８
０）、歯車Ｃ（７７）、歯車Ｂ（７６）、歯車Ａ（７
５）、伝達軸（４５）へと回転が伝わると同時に回転数
が落ちてトルクが増加し、この伝達軸（４５）の回転が
嵌合部（７０）を介して補助弁（６５）に伝わり、補助
弁（６５）は時計方向に回転を開始する。Next, the usage and operation of the four-way valve of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 13-A shows the set state of the heating operation. In this case, the shaft of the small motor (44) is rotated through the connector (83) by applying a direct current from the airtight terminal (86), and the gear D (8
0), gear C (77), gear B (76), gear A (7
5) At the same time as the rotation is transmitted to the transmission shaft (45), the rotational speed is reduced and the torque is increased, and the rotation of the transmission shaft (45) is transmitted to the auxiliary valve (65) through the fitting portion (70). , The auxiliary valve (65) starts to rotate clockwise.

【００６１】前記した様に、アームＡ（６６）とアーム
Ｂ（６７）の外方側面が弁体（４３）上の半割ドーナツ
状プレート（５９）の側面と接する側の角度は１８０度
以下の１７０度に設定され、回転方向にギャップが設け
られているので、最初補助弁（６５）は時計方向にギャ
ップの角度１０度分回転し、補助弁（６５）のアームＢ
（６７）が半割ドーナツ状プレート（５９）の左側の側
面に接した後、弁体（４３）を共に回動し、図１３−Ａ
の様に導入管（５１）の突出部（６２）がガイド孔（６
０）の一端側に当接して回動がストップし、ガイド孔
（６０）により導入口（４７）と室内熱交換器（１６）
につながる通孔Ａ（４９）とが連通した状態になってい
る。As described above, the angle on the side where the outer side surfaces of the arm A (66) and the arm B (67) contact the side surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) on the valve body (43) is 180 degrees or less. Since it is set to 170 degrees and a gap is provided in the rotational direction, the auxiliary valve (65) first rotates clockwise by the gap angle of 10 degrees, and the auxiliary valve (65) has arm B.
After (67) contacts the left side surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59), the valve body (43) is rotated together, and as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the protruding portion ( 62 ) of the introduction pipe (51) is
0) comes into contact with one end side of the rotation stop and the guide hole (60) allows the introduction port (47) and the indoor heat exchanger (16).
The through hole A (49) connected to is communicated with.

【００６２】この状態では、対向位置に形成した連絡溝
（６３）により、導出口（４８）と室外熱交換器（１
７）につながる通孔Ｂ（５０）とが連通された状態にな
っており、連絡溝（６３）の上部に設けた穴（６４）
は、補助弁（６５）のシール板（６８）によって図１５
の６８−ａに示す様に塞がれ、圧縮機の吐出口から出た
高圧状態の冷媒が、導入管（５１）から導入口（４
７）、ガイド孔（６０）を通って上方の空間に廻り、補
助弁（６５）のシール板（６８）を下方へ押圧する形と
なるため、連絡溝（６３）の上部に設けた穴（６４）を
密閉し、高圧の冷媒が低圧側の連絡溝（６３）側へ漏れ
ない状態となっている。In this state, the outlet (48) and the outdoor heat exchanger (1) are formed by the connecting groove (63) formed at the opposing position.
The hole (64) provided in the upper part of the communication groove (63) is in a state of being communicated with the through hole B (50) connected to 7).
15 through the sealing plate (68) of the auxiliary valve (65).
No. 68-a, the refrigerant in the high pressure state discharged from the discharge port of the compressor is introduced from the introduction pipe (51) to the introduction port (4).
7), it goes through the guide hole (60) to the upper space and presses the seal plate (68) of the auxiliary valve (65) downward. Therefore, the hole () provided in the upper part of the communication groove (63) ( 64) is hermetically sealed so that high-pressure refrigerant does not leak to the low-pressure side communication groove (63) side.

【００６３】従って、図６中の一点鎖線の矢印にて示す
様に、圧縮機の吐出口から出た冷媒は導入管（５１）を
経て室内熱交換器（１６）に入り、室外熱交換器（１
７）を経て、導管Ｂ（５４）、通孔Ｂ（５０）、連絡溝
（６３）を経て、導出口（４８）、導出管（５２）を通
り、圧縮機の吸入口に戻る。Therefore, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line arrow in FIG. 6, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor enters the indoor heat exchanger (16) via the introduction pipe (51) and enters the outdoor heat exchanger. (1
7), the conduit B (54), the through hole B (50), the communication groove (63), the outlet (48), the outlet pipe (52), and the suction port of the compressor.

【００６４】次に、この図１３−Ａの状態において、気
密端子（８６）に前記暖房運転と逆方向の直流電流を流
すと、コネクタ（８０）を介して小型モーター（４４）
の軸が逆方向に回転し、歯車Ｄ（８０）、歯車Ｃ（７
７）、歯車Ｂ（７６）、歯車Ａ（７５）、伝達軸（４
５）へと、前記とは逆方向の回転が伝わり、この伝達軸
（４５）の回転が前記と同様に嵌合部（７０）を介して
補助弁（６５）に伝わり、補助弁（６５）は反時計方向
に回転を開始する。Next, in the state of FIG. 13-A, when a direct current in the opposite direction to the heating operation is applied to the airtight terminal (86), the small motor (44) is passed through the connector (80).
Axis of the gear rotates in the opposite direction, and gear D (80) and gear C (7
7), gear B (76), gear A (75), transmission shaft (4
The rotation in the opposite direction is transmitted to 5), and the rotation of the transmission shaft (45) is transmitted to the auxiliary valve (65) via the fitting portion ( 70 ) in the same manner as described above, and the auxiliary valve (65). Starts rotating counterclockwise.

【００６５】前記した様に、アームＡ（６６）とアーム
Ｂ（６７）の外方側面が弁体（４３）上部の半割ドーナ
ツ状プレート（５９）の側面と接する側の角度は１８０
度以下の約１７０度に設定され回転方向にギャップが設
けられているので、図１３−Ｂに示す様に、補助弁（６
５）は反時計方向にギャップの角度１０度分回転し、補
助弁（６５）のアームＡ（６６）が半割ドーナツ状プレ
ート（５９）の左側の側面に接する。As described above, the angle at which the outer side surfaces of the arm A (66) and the arm B (67) contact the side surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59) above the valve body (43) is 180.
Since the gap is set in the rotational direction at about 170 degrees, which is less than or equal to 170 degrees, as shown in FIG. 13-B, the auxiliary valve (6
5) rotates counterclockwise by the gap angle of 10 degrees, and the arm A (66) of the auxiliary valve (65) contacts the left side surface of the half-doughnut-shaped plate (59).

【００６６】この時、図１３−Ｂに示す様に、補助弁
（６５）に設けられたシール板（６８）は、ガイド（５
７）の内側壁に沿う形で回転し、図１５の６８−ｂに示
す様に、ガイド（５７）の側壁凸部（５８）により押し
上げられ、弁体（４３）の連絡溝（６３）の上部に設け
られた穴（６４）を開放する。これにより、低圧側の連
絡溝（６３）と高圧側の弁体（４３）の上部が連通状態
となって同じ圧力となり、弁体（４３）を弁座（４２）
に押圧する力がなくなるため、小さなトルクで弁体（４
３）を図１３−Ｃ（図１５の６８ｃ）の位置まで回動す
ることができる。At this time, as shown in FIG. 13-B, the seal plate (68) provided on the auxiliary valve (65) is attached to the guide (5).
It rotates along the inner side wall of 7), is pushed up by the side wall convex part (58) of the guide (57), and is shown in 68-b of FIG. Open the hole (64) provided in the upper part. As a result, the communication groove (63) on the low pressure side and the upper portion of the valve body (43) on the high pressure side are in communication with each other to have the same pressure, and the valve body (43) is seated on the valve seat (42).
Since there is no force to press on the valve body (4
3) can be rotated to the position of FIG. 13-C (68c in FIG. 15).

【００６７】図１３−Ｃに示す状態では、導入管（５
１）の突出部（６２）がガイド孔（６０）の他端部に当
接して、弁体（４３）の回動をストップし、このガイド
孔（６０）により導入口（４７）と室外熱交換器（１
７）につながる通孔Ｂ（５０）とが連通状態になり、冷
媒は図６中の太い矢印にて示す様に流れて冷房運転の状
態になる。In the state shown in FIG. 13-C, the introduction pipe (5
The protrusion (62) of (1) abuts the other end of the guide hole (60) to stop the rotation of the valve body (43), and the guide hole (60) allows the introduction port (47) and the outdoor heat. Exchanger (1
The communication hole B (50) connected to 7) is brought into communication, and the refrigerant flows as indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 6 to enter the cooling operation state.

【００６８】この時、補助弁（６５）のシール板（６
８）は、ガイド（５７）の内面に設けた側壁凸部（５
８）をはずれて、連絡溝（６３）の上部に設けた穴（６
４）を塞いでおり、圧縮機の吐出口から出た高圧状態の
冷媒が、導入管（５１）、導入口（４７）、ガイド孔
（６０）を通り、補助弁（６５）のシール板（６８）の
上面を押圧する形となるため、連絡溝（６３）の上部に
設けた穴（６４）を密閉し高圧の冷媒が低圧側の連絡溝
（６３）側へ漏れない状態となる。At this time, the seal plate (6) of the auxiliary valve (65) is
8) is a side wall projection (5) provided on the inner surface of the guide (57).
8) is removed, and the hole (6
4) is closed, and the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor passes through the introduction pipe (51), the introduction port (47), the guide hole (60), and the seal plate (of the auxiliary valve (65) ( Since the upper surface of 68) is pressed, the hole (64) provided in the upper portion of the communication groove (63) is sealed so that high-pressure refrigerant does not leak to the communication groove (63) side on the low-pressure side.

【００６９】従って、図６に示す様に、圧縮機の吐出口
から出た冷媒は、導入管（５１）、導入口（４７）を経
て通孔Ｂ（５０）を通り、導管Ｂ（５４）を経て室外熱
交換器（１７）に入り、キャピラリーチューブ（４０）
を経て、室内熱交換器（１６）を通り、導管Ａ（５
３）、通孔Ａ（４９）、導出口（４８）、導出管（５
２）を経て圧縮機の吸入口に戻り、冷房運転回路とな
る。Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor passes through the introduction pipe (51), the introduction port (47), the through hole B (50), and the conduit B (54). After entering the outdoor heat exchanger (17), the capillary tube (40)
Through the indoor heat exchanger (16) and the conduit A (5
3), through hole A (49), outlet (48), outlet pipe (5)
After 2), it returns to the suction port of the compressor and becomes the cooling operation circuit.

【００７０】また、上記図１３−Ｃの冷房運転回路の状
態において、気密端子（８６）に逆方向の電流を流す
と、前記とは逆に、補助弁（６５）が時計方向に回動
し、図１３−Ｄのようにシール板（６８）が、ガイド
（５７）の側壁凸部（５８）に押し上げられ、前記図１
３−Ｂの場合と同様に、最初連絡溝（６３）の上部に設
けられた穴（６４）を開放して、弁体（４３）を弁座
（４２）に押圧する力がなくなるため、その後低いトル
クで弁体（４３）を容易に回動でき、再び図１３−Ａの
暖房運転状態に切り換えることができる。In the state of the cooling operation circuit shown in FIG. 13-C, when a reverse current is applied to the airtight terminal (86), the auxiliary valve (65) rotates clockwise, contrary to the above. As shown in FIG. 13-D, the seal plate (68) is pushed up by the side wall protrusion (58) of the guide (57),
As in the case of 3-B, first, the hole (64) provided in the upper portion of the communication groove (63) is opened to remove the force for pressing the valve body (43) against the valve seat (42). The valve element (43) can be easily rotated with a low torque, and the heating operation state of FIG. 13-A can be switched again.

【００７１】なお、冷房又は暖房の運転時には、導入管
（５１）を経て弁体（４３）の上方に入った高圧状態の
冷媒が、弁体（４３）を上方から押圧する状態になり、
弁体（４３）は弁座（４２）に押し付けられ、弁体（４
３）の下面と弁座（４２）の上面とは密着する。これと
同時に、高圧状態の冷媒が補助弁（６５）のシール板
（６８）を上方から押圧する状態になり、補助弁（６
５）のシール板（６８）は略半月状の連絡溝（６３）の
上部に設けた穴（６４）を塞ぐ形で弁体（４３）に押し
付けられ、シール板（６８）の下面と弁体（４３）の上
面とは密着し、低圧側の連絡溝（６３）と高圧側の弁体
（４３）の上部との連通は閉ざされる。During the cooling or heating operation, the high-pressure refrigerant entering the valve body (43) through the introduction pipe (51) presses the valve body (43) from above.
The valve body (43) is pressed against the valve seat (42), and the valve body (4
The lower surface of 3) and the upper surface of the valve seat (42) are in close contact with each other. At the same time, the refrigerant in the high pressure state presses the seal plate (68) of the auxiliary valve (65) from above, and the auxiliary valve (6)
The seal plate (68) of 5) is pressed against the valve body (43) so as to close the hole (64) provided in the upper part of the substantially half-moon shaped communication groove (63), and is pressed against the lower surface of the seal plate (68) and the valve body. The upper surface of (43) is in close contact, and the communication between the low pressure side communication groove (63) and the upper portion of the high pressure side valve body (43) is closed.

【００７２】上記実施例の四方弁によると、運転時に弁
体（４３）の連絡溝（６３）の上部に設けた穴（６４）
を弁体（４３）を回動する前に開放し、弁体（４３）上
下の圧力差をなくすので、より小さいトルクで弁体（４
３）の回動が可能になる。このため弁の駆動は小型のモ
ーターでよく、また小さい減速比の歯車設定が可能とな
り、コンパクトな四方弁を可能にする。According to the four-way valve of the above embodiment, the hole (64) provided in the upper portion of the communication groove (63) of the valve body (43) during operation.
Is opened before rotating the valve body (43) to eliminate the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the valve body (43), so that the valve body (4
The rotation of 3) becomes possible. Therefore, a small motor can be used to drive the valve, and a gear with a small reduction ratio can be set, enabling a compact four-way valve.

【００７３】従って、冷房又は暖房運転中でも回路の切
り換えが可能となり、従来除霜運転に必要であったホッ
トバイパス回路や液バイパス回路、あるいは、二方弁の
必要がなくなり、構造単純で安価な四方弁にて従来のパ
イロット弁を備えた四方弁と同様に反転除霜を可能にす
る。Therefore, the circuit can be switched even during the cooling or heating operation, and the hot bypass circuit or the liquid bypass circuit or the two-way valve, which has been conventionally required for the defrosting operation, can be eliminated, and the structure is simple and inexpensive. The valve enables reverse defrosting like a four-way valve with a conventional pilot valve.

【００７４】なお、本実施例における補助弁（６５）を
はじめ、シール板（６８）、ガイド孔（６０）等の形状
や位置関係、モーター及び歯車による減速手段等は、こ
の実施例に限られるものではない。The auxiliary valve (65), the shape and the positional relationship of the seal plate (68), the guide hole (60) and the like, the speed reducing means by the motor and the gear, and the like in this embodiment are limited to this embodiment. Not a thing.

【００７５】[0075]

【発明の効果】本発明に係る実施例１の四方弁において
は、弁体の低圧側連絡溝の上面に穴を設け、その上部に
この穴を電磁石の磁極の切り換えによって開閉する永久
磁石製のシール帯部を備えた補助弁を設けることによ
り、運転時は高圧状態の冷媒により補助弁のシール帯部
にて穴を押圧密閉し、除霜などの切り換え時には、最初
にこのシール帯部を少し移動させて連絡溝の穴を開放
し、弁体上下の圧力差をなくした状態にできるから、そ
の後は小さい磁力の電磁石によっても弁体を容易に回動
できる。In the four-way valve of the first embodiment according to the present invention, a hole is provided in the upper surface of the low pressure side connecting groove of the valve body, and the hole is made of a permanent magnet which is opened and closed by switching the magnetic pole of the electromagnet. By providing an auxiliary valve with a seal band, the high pressure refrigerant seals the hole with the seal band of the auxiliary valve during operation. Since the hole of the connecting groove is opened by moving the valve body and the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the valve body can be eliminated, the valve body can be easily rotated thereafter even by the electromagnet having a small magnetic force.

【００７６】また、本発明に係る実施例２の四方弁にお
いては、弁体の低圧側連絡溝の上面に穴を設け、その上
部にこの穴を小型モーターの回転によって開閉するシー
ル板を備えた補助弁を設けることにより、運転時には高
圧状態の冷媒により補助弁のシール板にて穴を押圧密閉
し、除霜などの切り換え時には、最初にこのシール板を
少し移動させて連絡溝の穴を開放し、弁体上下の圧力差
をなくした状態にできるから、その後は小さいトルクの
モーターによっても弁体を容易に回動できる。Further, in the four-way valve of the second embodiment according to the present invention, a hole is provided on the upper surface of the low pressure side connecting groove of the valve body, and a seal plate for opening and closing the hole by the rotation of the small motor is provided on the upper part thereof. By installing the auxiliary valve, the hole is pressed and sealed by the seal plate of the auxiliary valve by the high pressure refrigerant during operation, and when switching the defrost etc., first move this seal plate a little and open the hole of the connecting groove. However, since it is possible to eliminate the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the valve body, the valve body can be easily rotated by a motor having a small torque thereafter.

【００７７】さらに、上記いずれの実施例においても、
従来除霜運転時に必要であったホットバイパス回路や液
バイパス回路あるいは二方弁を必要とせず、従来のパイ
ロット式四方弁と同じ回路で除霜運転を可能とし、かつ
大巾に安価でコンパクトな四方弁を提供することができ
る。Furthermore, in any of the above embodiments,
It does not require the hot bypass circuit, liquid bypass circuit or two-way valve that was required during defrosting operation in the past, and enables defrosting operation with the same circuit as the conventional pilot type four-way valve, and is extremely inexpensive and compact. A four-way valve can be provided.

【００７８】なお、本発明に係る四方弁は、空気調和機
のみならず他の流体利用機器の回路切り換えにも利用で
きる。The four-way valve according to the present invention can be used not only for air conditioners but also for circuit switching of other fluid utilizing equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す縦断面図FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す弁本体部の分解斜視図FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a valve body showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の電磁石の斜視図FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electromagnet of the present invention.

【図４】図１のＡ−Ａ断面における弁体と補助弁と弁座
の位置関係を示す横断面図4 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the valve body, the auxiliary valve, and the valve seat in the AA cross section of FIG.

【図５】本発明の一実施例における弁体の穴を帯部で塞
いだ状態の部分縦断面図FIG. 5 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hole of the valve body is closed with a band portion according to the embodiment of the present invention.

【図６】空気調和機の基本回路図FIG. 6 is a basic circuit diagram of the air conditioner.

【図７】ホットバイパス回路を付けた空気調和機の回路
図FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an air conditioner equipped with a hot bypass circuit.

【図８】液バイパス回路を付けた空気調和機の回路図FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an air conditioner equipped with a liquid bypass circuit.

【図９】従来の四方弁の縦断面図FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional four-way valve.

【図１０】本発明の他の実施例を示す弁本体部の分解斜
視図FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a valve body showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１１】本発明の他の実施例を示す弁駆動部の分解斜
視図FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a valve drive section showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１２】本発明の他の実施例を示す縦断面図FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１３】本発明の他の実施例の弁体と補助弁と弁座の
位置関係を示す横断面図FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship among a valve body, an auxiliary valve, and a valve seat according to another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１４】従来の四方弁における弁座と弁体の分解斜視
図FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a valve seat and a valve body in a conventional four-way valve.

【図１５】本発明の他の実施例における弁体の穴とシー
ル板とガイドの関係を示す説明図FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the hole of the valve body, the seal plate and the guide in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

１弁本体２円筒状ボデー
３弁座４弁体５補助弁
６シャフト７導入口８導出口
９、１０通孔１１圧縮機１２導入管
１３導出管１４、１５導管１６室内熱交換器
１７室外熱交換器１８ガイド孔１９連結帯部
２０突出部２１連絡溝２２穴
２３、２４突起２５、２６ばね２７シール帯部
２８孔２９間隙３０ボデーキャップ
３１位置決め凹部３２弁座３３、３４リード線
３５電磁石３６、３７鉄芯３８止め輪
３９位置決め凸部４０キャピラリーチューブ４１円筒状ボデー
４２弁座４３弁体４４小型モーター
４５伝達軸４６軸受穴４７導入口
４８導出口４９、５０通孔５１導入管
５２導出管５３、５４導管５５位置決め凸部
５６位置決め凹部５７ガイド５８側壁凸部
５９プレート６０ガイド孔６１連結帯部
６２突出部６３連絡溝６４穴
６５補助弁６６、６７アーム６８シール板
６９円形状の穴７０嵌合部７１シャフト
７２歯車部７３、７４地板７５〜７７、８０歯車
７８ブラケット７９ツメ８１、８２ワイヤー
８３コネクタ８４ボデーキャップ８５貫通穴
８６気密端子1 Valve body 2 Cylindrical body
3 valve seat 4 valve body 5 auxiliary valve
6 Shaft 7 Inlet 8 Outlet
9, 10 through hole 11 compressor 12 introduction pipe
13 Outlet pipes 14, 15 Conduit 16 Indoor heat exchanger
17 Outdoor Heat Exchanger 18 Guide Hole 19 Connection Band
20 Projection 21 Communication Groove 22 Hole
23, 24 Protrusion 25, 26 Spring 27 Seal band part
28 hole 29 gap 30 body cap
31 positioning recess 32 valve seat 33, 34 lead wire
35 electromagnet 36, 37 iron core 38 snap ring
39 Positioning projection 40 Capillary tube 41 Cylindrical body
42 valve seat 43 valve body 44 small motor
45 transmission shaft 46 bearing hole 47 inlet
48 Outlet port 49, 50 Through hole 51 Inlet pipe
52 lead-out pipes 53, 54 conduit 55 positioning protrusion
56 Positioning concave portion 57 Guide 58 Side wall convex portion
59 plate 60 guide hole 61 connecting band
62 protruding portion 63 connecting groove 64 hole
65 Auxiliary valve 66, 67 Arm 68 Seal plate
69 circular hole 70 fitting part 71 shaft
72 Gears 73, 74 Main plate 75-77, 80 Gear 78 Bracket 79 Claw 81, 82 Wire
83 connector 84 body cap 85 through hole
86 Airtight terminal

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献特開平８−193667（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開昭59−179476（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開昭59−151676（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開昭61−38283（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開平３−114681（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実公平４−7409（ＪＰ，Ｙ２) 実公平３−5741（ＪＰ，Ｙ２) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.⁷，ＤＢ名) F16K 31/00 - 31/11 F16K 11/00 - 11/24 F16K 39/04 F25B 41/04 F25B 41/06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-193667 (JP, A) JP-A-59-179476 (JP, A) JP-A-59-151676 (JP, A) JP-A-61- 38283 (JP, A) Actual Kaihei 3-114681 (JP, U) Actual Kohei 4-7409 (JP, Y2) Actual Kohei 3-5741 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16K 31/00-31/11 F16K 11/00-11/24 F16K 39/04 F25B 41/04 F25B 41/06

Claims

(57) [Claims]

1. A thick circle rotatably arranged on the upper surface of a valve seat.
Small diameter on the upper surface of the low pressure side communication groove formed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped valve body
A hole is formed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the valve body.
Two protrusions are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the valve body so as to face each other.
Cylindrical body divided into two semi-circular halves with two gaps
Make sure that the top surface of the
In front of the seal band of the permanent magnet auxiliary valve physically connected
The holes are closed and springs are attached to both sides of the two protrusions.
Fit the gap of the auxiliary valve and place the
The magnet was energized to face the outer circumference of the auxiliary valve.
Air-conditioning cycle by switching the magnetic pole of the iron core
At the initial stage of switching the
Open the hole to eliminate the pressure difference above and below the valve.
The valve body is rotated by the electromagnet through the auxiliary valve.
A space characterized by switching between heating and cooling cycles
Four-way valve for air conditioner.

2. A thick circle rotatably arranged on the upper surface of a valve seat.
Small diameter on the upper surface of the low pressure side communication groove formed on the lower surface of the plate-shaped valve body
A hole is formed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the valve body.
Both ends of the half-split donut-shaped plate at the position facing the upper surface of the valve body
Part is located so that it is slightly larger than the hole.
The two arms at an angle of 180 degrees or less
If the hole is closed with the sealing plate of the auxiliary valve provided in a protruding shape,
Between both outer surfaces of both arms and both ends of the plate
Turn this auxiliary valve to the center of the disc with a slight gap.
Of a small motor that is movably installed and is placed above the auxiliary valve.
By rotation, switching to the initial stage of switching the heating and cooling cycle
Then push up the sealing plate to open the hole in the valve body.
After eliminating the pressure difference above and below the valve body, the small motor
The valve body is rotated through the auxiliary valve by the
Four-way for air conditioners characterized by switching between
valve.