JP3450910B2 - Segment fitting - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved joint for connecting segments for tunnel lining.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tunnel linings using precast concrete segments generally form a segment ring that covers the entire circumference of a tunnel by joining a plurality of segments with an arcuate cross section circumferentially through joints. Furthermore, the entire tunnel is lined by connecting the segment rings in the axial direction of the tunnel according to the progress of the shield machine.

The segment ring is usually assembled inside the tail of the shield machine and remains in the rear tunnel cross section as the shield machine advances.

Therefore, after the tail portion advances, earth pressure or water pressure of the natural ground acts directly on the segment ring, and a bending moment acts on the segment ring. The segment joint must be rigidly connected to the adjacent segment so as to withstand this bending moment.For example, a structure in which a bolt is passed through a joint plate provided in the vicinity of the end face of the adjacent segment and tightened with a nut Has become.

[0005]

When connecting segments with the above structure, the bolt holes of the joint in the circumferential direction and the axial direction are aligned at the coaxial positions between the adjacent segments, the bolts are passed through and the nuts are fitted, and the fastening tool is used. Will be tightened with
There is a problem that alignment for this is difficult and takes time. In addition, tightening the nut is done by inserting a tool into the notch (block out) formed in the segment, but since the bolt is arranged in the circumferential direction of the segment ring, the block out required for operation increases, and the segment There is also a problem that the effective cross-section in the structure of the above-mentioned structure is reduced accordingly.

Further, when the secondary lining is not applied to the inside of the segment, it is necessary to fill all the blockouts with mortar because of the need to prevent corrosion of metal fittings such as joint plates and bolts. Labor was needed.

For this reason, a great deal of labor and time are required to assemble the segments, and the complexity of the assembly work has been an obstacle to automation of tunnel construction.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a segment joint which facilitates positioning and tightening work and does not require a large blockout.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the invention, in a segment joint for connecting between segments for tunnel lining, a pin is elastically elastically retractable from one segment to another adjacent segment. A pin hole is formed to allow this pin to enter the adjacent segment so as to protrude, a notch is formed in the pin, and a wedge-shaped member that locks the displacement of the pin by biting into the notch of the pin that has entered the pin hole, and the notch A means for driving the wedge-shaped member in the biting direction is provided inside the segment, and the drive means for the wedge-shaped member is bolted.
Consists of a wedge shape in the axial direction of the bolt according to the rotating operation of the bolt
The member is being displaced.

[0010]

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the bolts are arranged at right angles to the inner peripheral surface of the segment.

[0012] The invention of claim 3 is the invention of claim 2, Bei Eteiru means for separately entering a wedge-shaped member into the notch on the drive means internal segment.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the third aspect of the invention, the intruding means is constituted by means for urging the wedge-shaped member from the side of the pin toward the notch of the pin that has penetrated the pin hole.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the invention, the urging direction of the wedge-shaped member by the urging means and the driving direction of the wedge-shaped member by the drive means are substantially 90 degrees.

[0015]

According to the invention of claim 1, since the pin is inserted into the engaging hole and the wedge-shaped member is engaged with the notch of the pin by the driving means to lock the pin, the alignment between the segments becomes easy , The wedge-shaped member can be driven with a simple structure .

[0016]

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the bolt can be easily operated from the inside of the segment, and the operation hole and the axis of the rotation operation are aligned, so that the operation hole can be made small.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the means for intruding the wedge-shaped member into the notch is additionally provided, the drive means only needs to perform the operation of biting the wedge-shaped member into the notch, and the operation of the drive means is minimized. can do.

According to the invention of claim 4, the wedge member can be automatically inserted into the notch by the urging means without any special operation.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the urging direction of the wedge-shaped member and the driving direction form approximately 90 degrees, the degree of freedom in arranging each means in the segment is expanded.

[0021]

1 to 11 show an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the segment 1
Consists of precast concrete panels with an arcuate cross section. A pin 2 is projectingly provided on one of the two joining surfaces in the circumferential direction located on the four sides of the panel of the segment 1, and a fixed pin 21 is provided on the one axial surface. A pin hole 3 for receiving the pin 2 (21) is formed at a position corresponding to the pin 2 (21) on each of the remaining joint surfaces.
FIG. 1B shows the segment 1 of FIG. 1A viewed from the opposite direction.

The pin 2 is elastically supported in a direction projecting from the end surface of the segment 1. To this end, segment 1
4, the joint plate 4 shown in FIG. 4, a bottomed cylindrical holder 7 fixed to the joint plate 4, a pair of ribs 5 connected to both ends of the joint plate 4 and extending at right angles, and an anchor bar 6. And are embedded in advance as an integrated assembly.

The base end 2A of the pin 2 is formed to have a large diameter, and the base end 2A is slidably fitted in the holder 7 in the axial direction. Then, the pin 2 penetrates the joint plate 4 and the hole formed in the concrete of the segment 1 covering the joint plate 4 by the bias of the coil spring 8 interposed between the base end 2A and the bottom surface of the holder 7. Is elastically supported in a protruding state from the end surface of the segment 1. In order to prevent the pin 2 from rotating, the holder 7 and the base end 2A of the pin 2 are each formed in a cross section in which a circular part is cut out. Also, the tip 2 of the pin 2
A has a tapered diameter, and a wedge-shaped notch 9 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) is formed in the middle side surface of the pin 2.

The fixed pin 21 is directly fixed to the joint plate 4 having the same structure as the pin 2. A cotter 16 which is a wedge-shaped member is supported by the structure shown in FIG. 4 at the back of the pin hole 3 in which the pin 21 has a notch 9 similar to the pin 2. In order to support the cotter 16, inside the segment 1, there are a joint plate 10, a female screw block 11 fixed to the joint plate 10, a pair of ribs 12 connected to both ends of the joint plate 10 and extending at right angles, and an anchor bar 13. It is embedded in advance as an integrated assembly. The joint plate 10 is formed with a hole 3A which is continuous with the pin hole 3 and allows the pin 2 to pass therethrough.

A bolt 14 is screwed into the female screw block 11. The head of the bolt 14 faces toward the center of the tunnel, and an operation hole 20 for tightening the bolt 14 is opened in the inner peripheral surface of the segment 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5.

The cotter 16 comprises a horizontal portion 16A and a wedge portion 16B bent at 90 degrees. Long hole 15 in the horizontal portion 16A
Is formed, and the bolt 14 penetrates the elongated hole 15. The retaining ring 17 shown in FIG. 5 is fitted to the bolt 14 just below the horizontal portion 16A, and the cotter 16 is restricted from axially displacing the bolt 14, but in the transverse direction, the relative displacement is within the range of the elongated hole 15. Freely supported. As shown in FIG. 8, instead of the retaining ring 17, a coil spring 18 may be interposed between the horizontal portion 16A and the female screw block 11.

The wedge portion 16B is formed in a shape similar to the notch 9 of the pin 2. A spring 24 shown in FIG. 5 is interposed between the horizontal portion 16A and the rib 12 on one side, whereby the wedge portion 1 is provided.
6B is urged in a direction crossing the hole 3A in parallel with the joint plate 4. It should be noted that a space allowing the displacement of the cotter 16 is secured in advance in the segment 1.

Next, the operation will be described.

The assembly operation of segment 1 is shown in FIG. Here, 101 is a segment ring in which the segment 1 is already assembled over the entire circumference, and a similar segment ring (not shown) is continuous behind the segment ring. Further, the segment 1A is coupled to the segment ring 101 via the axial pin 21 described above. The operation of connecting the segment 1B to the segment 101 and the segment 1A in this state will be described.

First, the segment 1B is moved to bring the end of the end face in which the pin hole 3 is formed among the end faces in the circumferential direction into contact with the end of the end face of the pin 2 of the segment 1A. Then, the segment 1B is slid rearward while maintaining the contact therebetween. As a result, the pin 21 protruding from the axial end surface of the segment 1A enters the pin hole 3 of the segment 1 forming the rear segment ring 101. The pins 2 project from the end face of the segment 1A which is in contact with the circumferential end face of the segment 1B, but the tips 2A of these pins 2 are tapered in shape as shown in FIG. When the ends of the segment 1B come into contact with each other, the pin 2 retracts inside the segment 1B against the coil spring 8. Therefore, segment 1A
The slide motion of segment 1B along the end face of the pin 2
Is not hindered by.

The pin 21 has the pin hole 3 of the rear segment 1
The pin 21, the cotter 16 in the segment 1 is pushed back horizontally against the spring 24 by the pin 21. When the pin 21 further penetrates into the pin counter 3 and the notch 9 moves to the front of the cotter 16, the cotter 16 urged by the spring 24 advances and the wedge portion 16B enters the notch 9. As a result, the pin 21 is locked in the pin pin 3 and cannot be pulled out.

On the other hand, at this position, the pin hole 3 formed on the end face in the circumferential direction of the segment 1A comes in front of the pin 2 retracted into the segment 1A, so that the pin 2 advances to enter the pin hole 3, Similarly to the case of the pin 21, the cotter 16 in the segment 1B enters the notch 9 of the pin 2.

Thus, the segment 1B is connected to the rear segment 1 and the side segment 1A via the pins 21 and 2, respectively.
Is simply slid along the end faces of the adjacent segments 1A, and the work is performed without using a special tool.

Next, the bolts 14 are tightened from the respective operation holes 20 of the segment 1B and the rear segment 1. As a result, the cotter 16 moves toward the female screw block 11, and the wedge portion 16B digs into the notch 9 of the pins 2 and 21 to strengthen the connection of the segment 1B to the segment 1A and the rear segment 1. At the time of this tightening work, the segment 1B has already been connected to the segment 1A and the rear segment 1, so there is no need to work while holding the segment 1B. All you have to do is rotate. Further, since the head of the bolt 14 is disposed so as to face the center of the tunnel, the operation hole 20 may have a small diameter. If a bolt with a hexagonal hole is used for the bolt 14, a tightening operation with a hexagonal wrench can be performed, and the diameter of the operation hole 20 can be further reduced as compared with an operation with a box wrench.

As described above, the segment 1 is much shorter than the case where the segment 1 is connected with the bolt and the nut.
Can be assembled.

The final step of assembling the segment ring is as shown in FIG.
~ 1E. Segment 1 to be assembled at the end
E is also called a K segment and has a trapezoidal planar shape. Correspondingly, the end faces of the segments 1C and 1D joined to the segment 1E are both formed obliquely so as to match the end face shape of the segment 1E. The pins 2 are provided on the segments 1C and 1D on both sides, and the pin holes 3 are formed on the joint surfaces of the segments 1E with them.

Assembly involves inserting segment 1E into the space between segments 1C and 1D as shown in FIG.
Upon insertion, both side surfaces of the segment 1E come into contact with the pin 2 to retract the pin 2. At the same time that the pin 21 of the segment 1E is locked in the pin hole 3 of the rear segment 101,
The pins 2 of the segments 1C and 1D enter the segment 1E and are locked by the cotter 16. After that, the bolts 14 may be tightened like other segments.

In this way, the segment 1 can be assembled in a short time with a little labor without performing alignment between the bolt and the bolt hole. Further, since the assembling work is simplified, the segment assembling work using a robot or the like can be automated.

By the way, when the secondary lining is not performed,
It is necessary to close the operation hole 20 with a filler such as cement mortar after assembling the segment 1 to prevent corrosion of the bolt 14 and the like, but the operation hole 20 has a small diameter and is formed only on the pin hole 3 side. Since it is not formed on the pin 2 side, there is only half the number of operation holes of conventional bolts and nuts, and the filling operation can be performed easily. Further, since there are no other blockouts, the loss of the cross section is extremely small as compared with the conventional segment, which is a structurally preferable condition.

FIGS. 9 (a), 9 (b) and 10 show another embodiment relating to the structure of the notch formed in the pin 2 and the cotter which penetrates into the notch. Here, notches 9 are formed on both sides of the pin 2, and a cotter 22 having a bifurcated wedge portion 22A that engages with these notches 9 is provided. The cotter 16 in FIG. 4 enters the notch 9 from the side of the pin 2 and moves in the right angle direction to move to the wedge portion 16A.
The cotter 22 penetrates into the notch 9 from above and directly cuts into the notch 9. In this case, the cotter 22 moves in only one direction.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show another embodiment, in which a notch 23 penetrating the pin 2 is provided.
A not-shown cotter whose tip is a wedge portion intrudes into the notch 23 from the transverse direction of the pin 2, and the pin 2 remains as it is.
Penetrate through. Also in this embodiment, the direction of penetration of the wedge into the notch and the direction of biting are the same, and the movement direction of the cotter is only one direction.

As described above, various design changes can be made to the configurations of the notch and the cotter.

[0044]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1,
Since the pin is inserted into the engagement hole and the wedge-shaped member is engaged with the notch of the pin by the driving means to lock the pin, the alignment between the segments is facilitated, and the segment assembly work is greatly rationalized. Also, the driver of the wedge-shaped member
The use of bolts on the steps makes it easier to drive the wedge-shaped member.
It can be done with an easy configuration.

[0045]

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the bolts are arranged at right angles to the inner peripheral surface of the segment, the bolts can be easily operated from the inside of the segment, and the operation hole and the axis of rotation operation are aligned. Therefore, the operation hole can be made smaller.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the means for intruding the wedge-shaped member into the notch is additionally provided, the drive means only needs to perform the operation of biting the wedge-shaped member into the notch, and the operation amount of the drive means is small. Become.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the urging means allows the wedge-shaped member to automatically enter the notch without any special operation.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the urging direction of the wedge-shaped member and the driving direction are different, the degree of freedom in arranging these means in the segment is increased.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the segment assembling work is rationalized, and there is a great effect in improving the draft integrity of the underground work and speeding up and labor saving in tunnel construction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a segment viewed from two directions showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support structure for a pin.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the pin viewed from two directions.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cotter support structure.

[Figure 5] Cotta

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the segment during assembly.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining an assembling state of a K segment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a cotter / bolt coupling portion showing another embodiment relating to cotter support.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a pin showing another embodiment of the engagement structure of the notch and the cotter.

FIG. 10 is likewise a cross-sectional view of the cotter.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a pin showing still another embodiment relating to the engagement structure of the notch and the cotter.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 segment 2 pin 3-pin hole 9 notches 14 Volts 16 cotta 24 springs

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-280293 (JP, A) Actual Development 4-117097 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 11/04 E21D 11/08

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. In a segment joint for connecting between segments for tunnel lining, a pin is elastically projected from a segment toward another adjacent segment in a retractable state, and the pin is inserted into the adjacent segment. A pin-shaped member for forming a pin hole is formed, and a notch is formed in the pin. The wedge-shaped member provided inside the segment
The driving means of the is a bolt,
A segment joint in which a wedge-shaped member is displaced in the bolt axial direction . 2. The bolt is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the segment.
The segment according to claim 1, wherein the segment is arranged in a right angle direction.
Fittings. 3. A wedge-shaped member is inserted into the cutout separately from the drive means.
The device according to claim 1, further comprising means for inserting the inside of the segment.
Segment fittings. 4. The intrusion means intrudes the wedge-shaped member into the pin hole.
Is a means for urging the pin from the side toward the notch of the pin.
The segment joint according to claim 3. 5. A biasing direction of the wedge-shaped member by the biasing means and
The driving direction of the wedge-shaped member by the driving means is not approximately 90 degrees.
The segment joint according to claim 4.