JP3432160B2 - Offset printing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an offset printing apparatus and method for transferring and printing an original pattern formed on a printing plate on a printing material in a large area with high accuracy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A photolithography method is generally used as a technique for forming a pattern with high precision. However, if pattern formation is attempted in a large area, the photolithography method has a problem of high cost. on the other hand,
As a pattern forming technique, a method of forming a pattern with high accuracy in a large area by using a printing technique such as screen printing or offset printing is considered. The printing method is suitable for forming a large number of patterns on the substrate, and is more cost effective than the photolithography method. In particular, the offset printing technique is suitable for forming a thin film pattern.

A general offset printing apparatus and printing method for forming an electrode pattern, a color filter and the like in the prior art will be described. FIG. 8 shows JP-A-6-
It is a figure which shows the offset printing apparatus which performs an offset printing method in Japanese Patent No. 312499. In the figure,
Reference numeral 101 is a plate surface plate for fixing the intaglio plate 102. Again 10
Reference numeral 3 denotes a work surface plate for fixing the work 104, which is an object to be printed, and is fixedly arranged on the stage 105. The stage 105 in which the two surface plates arranged in a line are arranged.
Are slidable by a ball screw 107 connected to the stage motor 106. A blanket motor 110 is provided on one side of the blanket cylinder 108 via a transmission 109, whereby the blanket cylinder 108 is rotated. The stage motor 106 and the blanket motor 110 for running the stage 105 and rotating the blanket cylinder 108 are synchronously controlled by a controller. Also blanket body 1
08 is supported by a constant pressure device 111 which can be moved up and down by an air cylinder. Blanket body 10
When the stage 105 is moved backward, the stage 8 is raised by the elevating mechanism provided in the constant pressure device 111, so that the stage 8 does not slide in contact with the intaglio plate 102 and the work 104. Inking is performed by the dispenser device 112, and thereafter, ink filling and scraping are performed by the doctor device 113 arranged on the traveling direction side of the stage 105.
A rubber blanket is wound around the surface of the blanket cylinder 108. Reference numeral 115 denotes an alignment scope for taking in position information of the ink pattern printed on the work 104 and aligning the work 104 at a predetermined position by finely adjusting the stage 105 every time the work is exchanged.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an offset printing process. In the figure, reference numeral 102 is an intaglio, and 104 is a glass substrate to be a work, and these are arranged in series on the same plane. An ink dispenser 112 applies ink onto the intaglio plate 102 (FIG. 102A). 1
A doctor device 13 slides on the upper surface of the intaglio plate 102,
Of the applied ink, the ink other than the ink filled in the intaglio plate is scraped off (FIG. 102 (b)). Reference numeral 108 denotes a blanket cylinder, which receives the ink filled in the recesses of the intaglio plate 102 by sequentially contacting the intaglio plate 102 and the upper surface of the glass substrate 104 in rotation (FIG. 102 (c)), and the glass substrate 10
The ink is transferred onto the pattern 4 in the pattern of the intaglio plate 102 (FIG. 102 (d)).

The printing process is completed as described above. The printing ink can be appropriately selected depending on the function of the pattern to be produced. That is, an ink mainly containing Au resinate paste, which contains an organic Au metal, is used for an electrode pattern of a recording thermal head or the like, and in the case of a color filter used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, R, G, and B colors are used. An ink in which a pigment is dispersed or an ink containing an organic element is used.

[0006]

However, when a printing pattern is formed over a large area using the above-mentioned conventional offset printing apparatus, the movable table 105 on which the plate and the printing medium are arranged is set in the printing direction. It will be necessary to make it long. Therefore, not only the total length L of the printing apparatus increases, but also the traveling accuracy of the moving table 105 is easily predicted to deteriorate.

Further, as disclosed as a feature in this conventional technique, the support height of the blanket cylinder 108 is changed in accordance with the work height in order to make the printing pressure constant and the print pattern shape high quality. In order to move the left and right support parts of the blanket cylinder 108 at the same height at the same time, at least two pulse-controllable motors are respectively arranged on the left and right support parts. It is necessary to have a structure that distributes the movement of the drive motor to the left and right and links it. Since the backlash and deformation of the movable part of the blanket cylinder 108 directly affects the deterioration of the printing position accuracy, when applied to the printing apparatus in the printing pressure region of about 1000 kgf, the moving mechanism of the support part requires rigidity and accuracy. Therefore, the device itself is inevitably increased in size.

Further, as the printing area increases, the blanket cylinder 108 also becomes longer, and the printing pressure at the time of printing increases the amount of deformation of the blanket cylinder itself, which is supported by both end shafts. There is a problem that the printing pressure value varies depending on the location of the work.

In view of the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an offset printing apparatus and method,
It is intended to suppress the deformation of the blanket cylinder due to the printing pressure in the large area printing so that the printing can be performed with a constant printing pressure value over the entire printing range, thereby improving the quality of the printing pattern shape.

[0010]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a rotatably supported blanket cylinder,
On the other hand, a printing table that is movable relative to a certain distance and on which the printing plate and the printing material are fixed is provided, and printing on the printing table is performed by moving the blanket cylinder and the printing table relatively. In an offset printing apparatus that receives ink filled in a plate on a blanket wound on a blanket cylinder and transfers the received ink to a printing material on a printing table, the blanket cylinder is a blanket cylinder during the receiving or transferring. In order to prevent the displacement or deformation of the blanket, a receiving surface portion for supporting the blanket cylinder in the direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or the printing pressure is provided along the outer circumference.

Further, the blanket cylinder rotatably supported and the printing table movable relative to the blanket cylinder relative to the blanket cylinder are relatively moved,
In the offset printing method, in which the ink filled in the printing plate on the printing table is received by the blanket wound on the blanket cylinder, and the received ink is transferred to the material to be printed on the printing table, the receiving or transferring is performed. In the meantime, the blanket cylinder is supported in a direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or the printing pressure in order to prevent displacement or deformation of the blanket cylinder.

According to this, since the receiving surface portion formed on the outer periphery of the blanket cylinder is supported in the direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or the printing pressure during the receiving or transferring, the plate pressure in the large area printing. Alternatively, the deformation or displacement of the blanket cylinder due to the printing pressure is suppressed, and printing is performed with a constant printing pressure value over the entire printing range.

[0013]

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the printing table and the printing plate are fixed at the same position in the printing table, the printing plate is fixed when the ink is received, and the printing plate is fixed when the ink is transferred. It is fixed. According to this, since the traveling relating to the printing process of the printing plate and the material to be printed is performed by using one printing table, the traveling under the same condition for the blanket is realized. Therefore, the relative positional accuracy of the print pattern with respect to the original pattern is stabilized and the accuracy is improved.

Further, in order to prevent the blanket cylinder from being displaced or deformed during receiving and transferring, there is a backup means for supporting the blanket cylinder on the receiving surface portion in a direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or the printing pressure. This backup means is attached to a member that is passed between columns that support both ends of the rotary shaft of the blanket cylinder. That is, it is attached to the gate type structural member. According to this, the receiving surface portion formed on the outer circumference of the blanket cylinder is printed against the displacement or deformation of the blanket cylinder due to the plate pressure or the printing pressure generated by pressing the printing plate or the printing material against the blanket during printing. By supporting the arc section of the blanket where the printing plate or the printing medium inside and the blanket come into contact with each other, and supporting in the direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or printing pressure, the rigidity against bending deformation is the rigidity of the blanket cylinder itself and the portal structure member. The rigidity value is the sum of the rigidity of. Therefore, the displacement amount is reduced as compared with the case where the blanket cylinder is not supported.

Further, the backup means drives a contact member in contact with the receiving surface portion, a wedge mechanism to which the contact member is attached, and the wedge mechanism to bring the contact member into contact with and separate from the receiving surface portion. And a motor. The degree of deformation of the blanket cylinder and the gate-shaped structural member varies depending on the magnitude of the printing pressure, and the height position of the receiving surface changes accordingly, but the wedge mechanism displaces the contact member so as to follow it. Further, when the blanket cylinder is in a rotational position where the contact member is in a position other than the receiving surface portion, the contact member is escaped so as not to contact the blanket.

[0016]

1 is a perspective view showing an offset printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part thereof. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body base, to which two linear guides 3 are attached in parallel to the left and right. A moving table 4 is fixed on a moving block of the linear guide 3, and the moving table 4 can be moved forward and backward by a ball screw 6 which is rotationally driven by a drive motor 5 at the rear of the device. Reference numeral 7 is a rack gear fixedly attached to the left and right of the upper surface of the moving table 4. 8
Is a cylindrical blanket cylinder, and a blanket 10 is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the blanket cylinder 8 in a state where a blanket tension mechanism applies a desired tension. As shown in FIG. 2, on the circumference of the blanket cylinder 8 at the position facing the portion to which the blanket 10 is attached, a receiving surface 51 is accurately formed on a concentric circle.

Both ends of the blanket cylinder 8 are supported by bearings 12, and these bearings 12 are used for the main body base 1.
It is fixed by a gate-shaped column 11 standing upright. The blanket cylinder 8 includes a drive motor 26 and a speed reducer 2.
It is controlled and driven by the drive of 7 so as to be rotatable in the forward and reverse directions. The drive motor 26 and the speed reducer 27 are fixed to the side surface of the gate-shaped column 11. Bridge portion 52 of the pillar 11 configured in a gate shape
As shown in FIG. 2, backup means 53 is attached to the. The backup means 53 has a contact member 56 that is in contact with the receiving surface 51 of the blanket cylinder 8, a wedge mechanism 54 to which the contact member 56 is fixed, and a motor 55 that moves the wedge mechanism 54 up and down. Gears 13 are fixed to the left and right ends of the blanket cylinder 8,
The rack gear 7 can be engaged with each other. The outside dimension length of the plate 16 and the work 18 which are positioned and fixed on the moving table 4 is set to the minimum length at which the gear 13 and the rack gear 7 mesh and move.

As shown in FIG. 3, the traveling of the moving table 4 and the rotation of the blanket cylinder 8 are controlled by the controller 30. However, the contact between the plate and the blanket 10 and the work and the blanket 10 in the printing range is caused by the gear 13
And the rack gear 7 are engaged with each other.
The meshing between the gear 13 and the rack gear 7 is limited only to the printing range of the entire stroke of the moving table 4, and when the moving table 4 is located at any other position, the blanket cylinder 8 can be freely moved. It is possible to control the rotation.

In this synchronized meshing operation, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the blanket cylinder 8 is angularly controlled to the meshing initial position, stopped, and made to stand by. The moving table 4 is moved forward there, and the front end of the rack gear 7 is moved to the gear 13
When it reaches the meshing position with, stop it. This state is the initial state of meshing. Next, the gear 13 of the blanket cylinder 8 is rotated by the drive motor 26 and the speed reducer 27 in a direction in which the gear 13 is pressed against the advancing surface 31 of the rack gear 7 of the moving table 4 (a direction opposite to the forward direction 32 of the moving table 4). give θ. After that, the controller 30 controls and drives so that the forward movement amount X1 of the moving table 4 and the rotational movement amount X2 of the blanket cylinder 8 become the same until the end of the printing range, that is, the end of the meshing of the rack gear 7. The control is performed by, for example, semi-closed control that makes the difference between the target movement command value and the rotation amount of the drive motor zero. By pressing the displacement amount Δθ, backlash that occurs when the gear 13 and the rack gear 7 are engaged with each other is prevented. At this time, the change in the drive current value of the drive motor 26 that occurs when the gear 13 is offset by the amount of Δθ is monitored and controlled so as to fall within the specified range.

Returning to FIG. 1, 20 is a plate / work supply area provided at the front end of the moving table 4 for traveling, and is an area for supplying a plate and a work. Reference numeral 21 denotes an inking / doctoring area, which is installed between the supply area 20 and the blanket cylinder 8. 22 is a dispenser for supplying printing ink onto the plate, and 23 is a doctor for filling the printing pattern of the plate with ink by pressing and sliding a thin metal plate against the plate. Reference numeral 24 is a plate and work discharge area. Each time the printing process of one work is completed, the plate and the work are discharged in the plate / work discharge area 24, the movable table 4 is returned to the front end of the traveling, and the next plate and the work are supplied.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a stage, which is provided on the moving table 4 and on which the plate and the work are fixed, is composed of a wedge lower plate 42 and a wedge upper plate 41 thereon. The wedge upper plate 41 is vertically movably guided, and by moving the wedge lower plate 42 back and forth by the drive motor 43, the height of the wedge upper plate 41 to which the plate and the work are fixed can be adjusted. Has become. Reference numeral 19 denotes an abutting member for abutting and positioning the plate and the work when fixing the plate and the work on the moving table 4.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the sequence of continuous printing steps of this offset printing apparatus. 1 that are the same as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same elements. In this printing process, FIG.
First, as shown by a broken line in FIG.
Is located in the supply area 20 at the front end of travel, and the stage 40 is set to the receiving process height by moving the wedge lower plate 42 back and forth by the drive motor 43 and moving the wedge upper plate 41 up and down. In this supply area 20, the plate 1 is attached to the suction surface on the upper surface of the stage 40.
6 is arranged with the positioning butting member 19 on the moving table 4 as a reference, and is adsorbed and fixed. Thereafter, the plate 16 is moved to the inking doctoring area 21, the moving table 4 is stopped at that position, and the ink 25 is supplied onto the plate 16 by the dispenser 22. Next, as shown in FIG. 5A, the doctor 23 is pressed against the upper surface of the plate 16, the moving table 4 is moved forward, and the doctor 23 is slid to fill the original pattern on the plate 16 with ink. At the same time, the ink on the non-original pattern part is scraped off.

Upon completion of inking and doctoring to the plate 16, the moving table 4 is moved forward by driving the driving motor 5 and the ball screw 6, and the moving table 4 is moved.
When the front end of the rack gear 7 on the upper surface reaches a position where it meshes with the gears 13 on both ends of the blanket cylinder 8, the rack gear 7 is stopped. From this position, insert the blanket cylinder 8 and the moving table 4 into the gear 1
The backlash generated between the gear 3 and the rack gear 7 is controlled by an operation to remove the backlash, and the meshing movement is performed. At the same time, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), in order to suppress the bending deformation of the blanket cylinder 8 caused by the printing pressure, the contact member 5 is pressed so that the receiving surface 51 is pressed by the contact member 56 of the backup means 53.
The height of 6 is controlled by the wedge mechanism 54. This causes the blanket 10 to rotate in contact with the upper surface of the plate 16,
The surface of the blanket 10 receives the ink filled in the upper original pattern. At this time, the pressure applied by the plate 16 to the blanket 10, that is, the plate pressure is determined by the height of the stage 40 set by the wedge structure, and the bending deformation of the blanket cylinder 8 due to this plate pressure is backed up by the backup means 5.
It can be suppressed by 3.

When the moving table 4 is moved to the end position of the meshing of the gear 13 and the rack gear 7 after the movement within this printing range, the moving table 4 is stopped and the operation control for removing the backlash is released. At the same time, the contact member 56 of the backup means 53 is released by the wedge mechanism 54 so as not to hit the blanket 10. After that, FIG.
As shown in (c), the movable table 4 is advanced to the rear end of the traveling, and the plate 16 is removed in the discharge area 24. afterwards,
The moving table 4 is retracted to the front end of the traveling without contacting and sliding with the blanket 10.

After that, when the movable table 4 is located in the supply area 20 at the front end of the traveling, the wedge lower plate 42 is moved back and forth by the drive motor 43 to move the wedge upper plate 41 up and down, whereby the stage 40 is transferred. It is set to height. In this supply area 20, the new workpiece 18 is arranged on the suction surface of the upper surface of the stage 40 with the positioning abutting member 19 on the moving table 4 as a reference, and is sucked and fixed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5D, the moving table 4 is moved forward by driving the driving motor 5 and the ball screw 6, and the front end of the rack gear 7 on the upper surface of the moving table 4 is a gear at both ends of the blanket cylinder 8. When it reaches the position where it meshes with 13, it is stopped. From this position, the blanket cylinder 8 and the moving table 4 are controlled by an operation of removing the backlash generated between the gear 13 and the rack gear 7, and are moved in mesh with each other. At the same time, in order to suppress the bending deformation of the blanket cylinder 8 caused by the printing pressure, the contact member 5 is pressed so that the receiving surface 51 is pressed by the contact member 56 of the backup means 53.
The height of 6 is controlled by the wedge mechanism 54. The workpiece 18 sequentially contacts the surface of the blanket 10 as it meshes. As a result, the ink received on the blanket 10 is transferred to the upper surface of the work 18. This allows edition 1
An original pattern on the upper surface of 6 is formed as a printing pattern on the work 18 via the blanket 10. During this time,
The pressure applied by the work 18 to the blanket 10, that is, the printing pressure is determined by the height of the stage 40 set by the wedge structure, and the bending deformation of the blanket cylinder 8 due to this printing pressure is suppressed by the backup means 53.

When the movement of the printing range is completed and the gear 13 and the rack gear 7 are moved to the end position of the mesh, the movement table 4 is stopped and the operation control for removing the backlash is released. At the same time, the contact member 56 of the backup means 53
Is released to a position where it does not hit the blanket 10 by the wedge mechanism 54. After that, as shown in FIG.
The moving table 4 is advanced to the rear end of the traveling, the work 18 is removed in the discharge area 24, and the blanket 10 is removed.
It moves back to the front end of the vehicle without making contact and sliding.

This completes the printing process for one work 18. Work area is 2 for each printing process
It is replaced with a new one at 0. Continuous printing is performed by repeating the above steps. Stage 4 that determines the printing pressure
The height of 0 and the height of the stage 40 that determines the printing pressure are
Each is set by a drive motor 43 having a wedge structure.
Further, since the plate 16 and the work 18 arranged and fixed on the stage 40 with the positioning butting member 19 as a reference have the same outer dimensions, the plate 16 and the work 18 with the positioning butting member 19 as a reference are used. Printing is performed with the outer shape and position of the contact surface for the blanket 10 being the same.

The features of this embodiment will be described in detail below. As described above, according to this offset printing apparatus,
Since the movement of the plate 16 and the work 18 related to the printing process is shared by the single moving table 4, the ink reception and the ink transfer are performed under the same condition and the printing is performed, and the relative positional accuracy of the printing pattern is improved. It is possible. Then, in this offset printing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 6, the blanket cylinder 8 covers the printing area in an area and has a smooth cylindrical surface 62 that is accurately configured on a concentric circle with the rotation axis, The blanket 10 is tensioned and wound around this portion. At least one receiving surface 51, which is a surface having the same size and diameter as the smooth cylindrical surface 62, is provided in accordance with the length of the blanket cylinder. Since the inside of the blanket cylinder 8 is lightweight, the outer shell 6 having a thick wall corresponding to the printing pressure is used.
3 is left, and is usually lightened, and the cross-sectional shape is substantially C-shaped. The receiving surface 51 is characterized by being formed on a partition wall 64 having a disk-shaped cross section so as to function as a rigid member when a printing pressure is applied.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing details of the backup means 53 which is a feature of this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the abutting member 56 of the backup means 53 is arranged at a position facing the receiving surface 51 of the blanket cylinder 8, and the member holding the abutting member 56 is a plate-like member having two wedge-shaped cross sections. That is, it has a wedge structure in which the wedge upper plate 58 and the wedge lower plate 59 are overlapped, and these plate-like members are in full contact with each other at the wedge mating surface 57, and have a rigid structure that is not deformed by a large printing pressure. It is characterized by The wedge upper plate 58 engages with a ball screw 60 connected to the drive motor 55 and is moved back and forth by rotation of the pulse-controlled drive motor 55, for example. This movement is converted into vertical movement of the wedge lower plate 59 at a movement ratio according to the gradient amount setting of the wedge mating surface 57. At this time, the wedge lower plate 59 is
It is guided up and down without play by the guide post. By the control operation by the wedge structure, the contact condition of the contact member 56 with respect to the receiving surface 51 of the blanket cylinder 8 is controlled, and the contact member 56 is contacted with the blanket 10 so as not to contact at the rotation position other than the printing process. Member 5
Escape 6

The difference from the conventional example shown in FIG. 8 is that the blanket cylinder 108 in the conventional example is supported at both ends of the shaft, and in order to maintain a constant printing pressure and a high quality print pattern shape, the work height is increased. A device structure or the like is provided so that the support height of the blanket cylinder 108 can be changed accordingly. However, when the work to be printed has a large area, the width of the blanket cylinder 108 becomes large, so that both ends are supported. The amount of bending deformation of the blanket cylinder 108 itself caused by the printing pressure is large, and it is difficult to make the printing pressure constant over a large area.

On the other hand, according to this embodiment, the bridge portion 52 of the gate-shaped support 11 for supporting the blanket cylinder 8 is provided.
Since the backup means 53 attached to is a wedge mechanism, it is possible to control and manage high rigidity and delicate pressing amount. According to such a backup means 53, the rigidity against bending deformation when a printing pressure is applied becomes a rigidity value that combines the rigidity of the blanket cylinder 8 itself and the rigidity of the gate-shaped structural member 52. Compared with this, the amount of displacement can be reduced, so that the printing pressure can be made constant in larger area printing.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the receiving surface portion formed on the outer circumference of the blanket cylinder can be supported in the direction opposite to the direction of the plate pressure or the printing pressure during the receiving or transferring. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deformation or displacement of the blanket cylinder due to the plate pressure or the printing pressure, and perform printing with a constant printing pressure value over the entire printing range.

Further, since the receiving surface is supported by the backup means attached to the portal structure supporting the blanket cylinder, the blanket cylinder is deformed or displaced by the rigidity of the blanket cylinder itself and the rigidity of the portal structure member. It depends on the combined rigidity value, and therefore the displacement amount can be reduced as compared with the case where the blanket cylinder is not supported. As a result, there is no change in printing pressure due to the deformation of the blanket cylinder during large-area printing, and it is possible to form a pattern with high definition over a large area.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an offset printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration for controlling traveling of a moving table and rotation of a blanket cylinder in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a meshed state of gears in the apparatus of FIG.

5 is a diagram showing a printing process by the apparatus of FIG.

6 is a perspective view showing a structure of a blanket cylinder of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a backup means of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional offset printing apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional offset printing process.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: body base, 4: moving table, 5: moving table driving motor, 6: ball screw, 7: rack gear, 8:
Blanket body, 10: Blanket, 13: Gear, 1
6: plate, 18: work, 19: positioning abutting member, 2
2: Dispenser, 23: Doctor, 26: Blanket cylinder drive motor, 30: Control device, 51: Receiving surface, 52:
Bridge part, 53: Backup means, 54: Wedge mechanism, 55: Motor, 56: Contact member, 57: Wedge mating surface, 58: Wedge upper plate, 59: Wedge lower plate, 60: Ball screw, 62: Blanket cylinder Smooth cylindrical surface, 63: blanket cylinder outer shell, 64: blanket cylinder partition wall.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A blanket cylinder comprising a rotatably supported blanket cylinder and a printing table which is movable relative to the blanket cylinder at a fixed distance and on which a printing plate and an object to be printed are fixed. By relatively moving the printing table, the ink filled in the printing plate on the printing table is received by the blanket wound on the blanket cylinder, and the received ink is transferred to the printing object on the printing table. In the offset printing apparatus, the blanket cylinder supports a blanket cylinder for supporting the blanket cylinder in a direction opposite to a direction of plate pressure or printing pressure in order to prevent displacement or deformation of the blanket cylinder during the receiving or transferring. An offset printing apparatus comprising a surface portion along an outer circumference. 2. The printing table is such that the printing plate and the printing object are fixed at the same position, the printing plate is fixed when the ink is received, and the printing object is fixed when the ink is transferred. The offset printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the offset printing apparatus is a printed sheet. 3. A backup means for supporting the blanket cylinder on the receiving surface portion in a direction opposite to the direction of plate pressure or printing pressure in order to prevent displacement or deformation of the blanket cylinder during the receiving and transferring. The offset printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. The offset printing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the backup means is attached to a member that is provided between columns that support both ends of the rotary shaft of the blanket cylinder. 5. The backup means includes a contact member that contacts the receiving surface portion, a wedge mechanism to which the contact member is attached, and the wedge mechanism that drives the contact member to contact with and separate from the receiving surface portion. The offset printing apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising a motor. 6. A printing plate on the printing table by relatively moving a rotatably supported blanket cylinder and a printing table movable relative to the blanket cylinder at a certain distance. In the offset printing method of receiving the ink filled in the blanket wrapped around the blanket cylinder, and transferring the received ink to the printing material on the printing table, while performing the receiving or transfer, the blanket cylinder, An offset printing method comprising supporting the blanket cylinder in a direction opposite to a direction of plate pressure or printing pressure in order to prevent displacement or deformation of the blanket cylinder. 7. The offset printing method according to claim 6, wherein the offset printing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used.