JP3426593B2 - Stereoscopic display device and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic display device which is capable of satisfying the physiological factor of stereoscopic viewing without using spectacles, etc., and making electrically rewritable display. SOLUTION: The stereoscopic display device for stereoscopically displaying the two-dimensional images displayed on display means includes imagery position moving means having layers of refractive index variable materials having dielectric constants to attain a positive value in the difference between the dielectric constants when a voltage of a first frequency is impressed and to attain a negative value in the difference when the voltage of a second frequency is impressed, a fixed focus lens having a prescribed focal length and at least a pair of transparent electrodes grasping the layers consisting of the fixed focus lens and the refractive index variable materials, synchronizing means for synchronizing the updated periods of the two-dimensional images and the moving periods of the imagery positions of the imagery position moving means and driving means for driving the imagery position moving means by the driving output of the first and second frequencies in accordance with the synchronizing means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device and a driving method thereof, and more particularly to a technique effectively applied to a device for stereoscopically displaying a two-dimensional image displayed on a two-dimensional display device. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional stereoscopic display device is shown in FIG.
A device using liquid crystal shutter glasses shown in FIG. 5 is known.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 15, first, in order to obtain a so-called parallax image in which the three-dimensional object 1 is imaged from different directions, the two-dimensional cameras 1 and 2 are installed at a predetermined interval to capture the three-dimensional object 1. Take an image.

Next, the video signal converter 4 synthesizes the two-dimensional images so that the two-dimensional images picked up by the respective cameras 2 and 3 are alternately arranged for each field.

The video signal converting device 4 displays the synthesized two-dimensional image on the CRT display device 5 and, at the same time as displaying the two-dimensional image captured by the camera 2, the observer 7 in the liquid crystal shutter glasses 6. The liquid crystal shutter on the left side is set to the transparent state, and the right side is set to the non-transmissive state.

On the other hand, when the video signal conversion device 4 is displaying the two-dimensional image captured by the camera 3 on the CRT display device 5, the liquid crystal shutter on the right side of the observer 7 in the liquid crystal shutter glasses 6 is set to the transparent state. , Make the left LCD shutter non-transmissive.

By repeating the above-mentioned operation, the observer 7 feels as if he or she is viewing the parallax image with both eyes at the same time due to the afterimage effect of the eyes, and thus stereoscopic vision by the binocular parallax is possible.

As another stereoscopic display device that does not use glasses or the like, for example, a stereoscopic display device using a well-known lenticular lens plate shown in FIG. 16 is known.

In this device, similarly to the device using the liquid crystal shutter glasses described above, first, parallax images of the three-dimensional object 1 are taken by the cameras 2 and 3.

Next, 2 images taken by the cameras 2 and 3 respectively.
The video signal conversion means 4 synthesizes a two-dimensional image in which pixels in the horizontal direction are alternately arranged for each pixel from the two-dimensional image.

The video signal converting means 4 displays the synthesized two-dimensional image on a matrix type two-dimensional display device 9 typified by a liquid crystal display device, for example.

At this time, by arranging the lenticular lens plate 8 in close contact with the display surface side of the two-dimensional display device 9, since the lenticular lens plate 8 has directivity, the position of the observer 7 can be increased. Depending on the situation, only the pixels of the two-dimensional image captured by the camera 2 and the camera 3 are recognized by the observer's left and right eyes, respectively.

Therefore, the parallax images picked up at a predetermined interval can be seen by both eyes of the observer 7, and stereoscopic vision can be realized by the binocular parallax.

Further, as a stereoscopic display device for a more natural stereoscopic image, for example, holography is known.

Holography is coherent light with high coherence emitted from a light source, and object light, which is transmitted light or reflected light when the three-dimensional object 1 is emitted, and reference light emitted from the light source are at a predetermined angle. The interference fringes when taking

On the other hand, when reproducing, the three-dimensional object can be viewed stereoscopically by reading the interference fringes imaged with the light having the same wavelength as that used at the time of image pickup.

[0017]

The present inventor has found the following problems as a result of examining the above-mentioned prior art.

In a conventional stereoscopic display device using liquid crystal shutter glasses, the liquid crystal shutter glasses must be used at all times. For example, in the case of communication such as a video conference, the face of the participant is faced. Could not be confirmed,
There was the problem of being unnatural.

On the other hand, in the stereoscopic display device using the lenticular lens, the range in which the parallax image can be observed with both eyes is limited to a narrow range, so that the observer 7 can freely select the position with respect to the two-dimensional display device 9. There was a problem saying that there is no.

Further, since the observable range is narrow, there is a problem that a plurality of people cannot observe at the same time.

Further, in the stereoscopic display device using the liquid crystal shutter glasses and the stereoscopic display device using the lenticular lens, the eyes of the observer 7 are often focused on the surface of the display device and displayed. There is no change due to the image.

Therefore, there is a contradiction between the convergence recognized by the observer 7 and the focus position of the eyes, which causes a problem of eye strain.

The two-dimensional image displayed on the display device is
Since it is fixed at the viewpoint position determined by the positions of the cameras 2 and 3, dynamic parallax cannot be expressed.
When the observer 7 moves, the image displayed on the display device feels to move together, which causes a problem of giving the observer a feeling of strangeness.

In a stereoscopic display device using holography,
There is a problem that moving image information cannot be processed in real time because coherent light such as laser light is required at the time of imaging a three-dimensional object, and the amount of information obtained becomes enormous.

The object of the present invention is to satisfy the physiological factors of stereoscopic vision such as binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment and dynamic parallax without using glasses, and to provide an electrically rewritable moving image display. An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic display device that can be performed.

Another object of the present invention is to satisfy the physiological factors of stereoscopic vision such as binocular parallax, vergence, focus adjustment and dynamic parallax without using glasses or the like, and electrically rewritable moving images. It is to provide a driving method of a stereoscopic display device capable of displaying.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will be apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0028]

Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, a brief description will be given to the outline of typical ones.
It is as follows.

(1) In a stereoscopic display device for stereoscopically displaying a two-dimensional image displayed on the display means, the difference in permittivity when a voltage of the first frequency is applied becomes a positive value, and the second A layer of two-frequency driving liquid crystal having two or more different dielectric constants having a negative dielectric constant difference when a frequency voltage is applied, a fixed focus lens having a predetermined focal length, and the fixed focus. Image forming position moving means for moving the image forming position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means, the image forming position moving means including at least a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching a layer composed of a lens and the two-frequency driving liquid crystal, and the display means. and synchronization means for synchronizing the update cycle of the two-dimensional image to be displayed and the movement period of the imaging position of the imaging position moving means, based on said synchronization means, have a voltage of the first frequency, The dual frequency drive
The force to orient the long axis of the moving liquid crystal molecules along the electric field
A first driving signal Ru is added, have a voltage of the second frequency
The long axis of the two-frequency drive liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the electric field.
Analog and periodically driven to drive the imaging position of the imaging position moving means by a predetermined time is applied periodically switched to a second drive signal Ru of force to orient at predetermined time It is equipped with means, and a stereoscopic image is seen from the back.
Two-dimensional image sampled for directions is time-shared on the display means.
In addition to displaying the
Step and the image forming position of the image forming position moving means in an analog and
It is displayed on the display means in synchronization with the periodic changes.
The image forming position of the two-dimensional image is the sampling position in the depth direction.
It is displayed in the same way as the table.

(2) The two-dimensional image displayed on the display means is displayed.
In the stereoscopic display device for physically displaying, the first frequency
When the voltage is applied, the difference in the dielectric constant becomes a positive value,
When the voltage of frequency 2 is applied, the difference in the dielectric constant is negative.
Frequency drive with two or more different dielectric constants
Liquid crystal layer, fixed focus lens with a given focal length,
And the fixed focus lens and the dual frequency drive liquid crystal.
Consists of at least a pair of transparent electrodes that sandwich the layer
The image forming position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means is moved.
Image forming position moving means for displaying, and displayed on the display means
Two-dimensional image update cycle and image forming position of the image forming position moving means
And a synchronization means for synchronizing the movement cycle of the
Based on the voltage of the first frequency,
The force to orient the long axis of the moving liquid crystal molecules along the electric field
A first drive signal to be applied and a voltage having the second frequency
The long axis of the two-frequency drive liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the electric field.
A second drive signal that applies a force to orient to
By periodically switching every time and applying for a fixed time
The image forming position of the image forming position moving means is analog and cyclic.
Drive means for driving to
A line image representing a three-dimensional image is drawn, and the synchronization means is also provided.
The image forming position of the display unit and the image forming position moving unit
Synchronization with the analog and periodic changes of the
The image forming position of the line displayed on the display means is the depth direction of the line.
It is displayed in the same position as.

(3) In the stereoscopic display device according to (1) or (2), the drive means periodically outputs a drive signal.
The voltage applied to the liquid crystal molecules of the dual frequency drive is
Work by the drive signal and the force that inhibits the turning of the
It is time to balance power.

(4) Any of the above (1) to (3)
In the stereoscopic display device according to the item 1 , the image forming position movement
A means is provided at a position in contact with the layer of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal.
Equipped with an alignment film that aligns the frequency drive liquid crystal in a predetermined direction
It

[0033] (5) In the stereoscopic display device according to prior SL (4), the imaging position moving means, the dual frequency addressable liquid crystal
Between the layer and the transparent electrode on the side of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal layer.
An alignment film is arranged, and the alignment film is arranged on the fixed focus lens side.
No tunica is placed.

(6) In the stereoscopic display device according to (5) , the side of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal on which the alignment film is arranged.
Are arranged toward the display device.

(7) In the stereoscopic display device according to any one of (4) to (6), the image forming position movement
And a plurality of image forming position moving means.
The alignment films are arranged so that their alignment directions are orthogonal to each other.

[0036] (8) In the stereoscopic display apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), said pair of transparent electrodes is the distance between the electrodes is constant.

[0037] (9) is placed between the observer Viewing means that displays a two-dimensional image, and the imaging position moving means having a two-frequency driving liquid crystal, the two-dimensional image to be displayed on said display means A driving method for a stereoscopic display device, comprising: a synchronizing means for synchronizing an updating cycle and a moving cycle of an image forming position of the image forming position moving means, and a driving means for driving the image forming position moving means, means, first output voltage and the two-frequency driving of the first frequency for applying a force to orient the <br/> long axis to a molecule of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal along the electric field with the main frequency a driving signal and a second output voltage to a second frequency to obtain pressurizing force to orient vertically the long axis electric field to the liquid crystal molecules mainly frequency, periodically fixed time output, analog image forming position of the imaging position moving means
Manner and the step of periodically drive, said synchronization means, in the depth direction from the viewpoint stereoscopic image displayed on the display means
Binding updates and the imaging position moving means of the two-dimensional images have been sampled
And a synchronization bets Ru process with analog and cyclic change of the image position, of the two-dimensional image to be displayed on said display means
The image formation position will be the same as the sampling position in the depth direction.
To display.

(10) In the method for driving the stereoscopic display device according to (9), the time during which the drive unit periodically outputs a drive signal in the process of driving the image forming position moving unit is a liquid crystal. a force that inhibits the turning of the molecule, Ru time der force and is balanced to work by a drive signal.

[0039] (11) between the method of driving a stereoscopic display device according to (9) or (10), said driving means when the driving signal for driving the imaging position moving means in a predetermined,
The process of stopping is provided.

According to the above-mentioned means (1) to (8),
For example, a three-dimensional image is decomposed in advance in the depth direction of the imaging position for each two-dimensional image belonging to a plane set at a predetermined interval, and this image is displayed on the display means in a predetermined order. The image-forming position changing means to which the voltage having the frequency of 2 and the voltage having the second frequency are applied changes the image-forming position of the image displayed on the display means.

At this time, the synchronizing means synchronizes the image displayed on the display means with the image forming position of this image, so that the observer can observe the image displayed on the display device as a stereoscopic image.

[0042] According to the method of to the aforementioned (9) to (11), said drive means, for applying a force to orient the <br/> long axis to a molecule of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal along the electric field the first output voltage and the dual-frequency second frequency to the long axis obtain pressurizing force to orient perpendicular to the electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules as a main frequency of the main frequency of the first frequency A drive signal composed of the second output voltage is periodically output for a certain period of time to analyze the image forming position of the image forming position moving means.
A process of graying and periodically driven, said synchronizing means, the depth direction from the viewpoint stereoscopic image displayed on the display means
Updates and the imaging position moving means of the two-dimensional image that have been sampled in
Synchronization with analog and cyclic changes in the imaging position and a preparative Ru process, the two-dimensional image to be displayed on said display means
The image forming position of is the same as the sampling position in the depth direction.
Since the display position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means can be changed in the direction of the line of sight of the observer,
An observer can stereoscopically observe the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means, which is a two-dimensional plane.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings together with an embodiment (example) of the invention.

In all the drawings for explaining the embodiments of the invention, components having the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 11 is a two-dimensional display device (display means), 12 is a variable focus lens ( Image forming position moving means), 13 is a driving device (driving means), 14 is a synchronizing device (synchronizing means), 15 is a stereoscopic image,
16 is an observer, and 17 is a two-dimensional image.

In FIG. 1, a two-dimensional display device 11 is a well-known two-dimensional display device, for example, a CRT (Cath).
ode Ray Tube), liquid crystal display, LE
Examples thereof include a D display, a plasma display, a projection type display, and a line drawing type display.

The two-dimensional display device 11 is installed inside the focal length of the varifocal lens 12, that is, at a position closer to the varifocal lens 12 than the focal length.

The variable focus lens 12 is a two-dimensional display device 1.
The focal length is changed at a predetermined speed on the basis of the output of the driving device 13, as will be described later.

The drive device 13 is a well-known signal generator that has a predetermined duty ratio and a predetermined cycle, and outputs drive signals of a frequency f12 and a frequency f22 that have equal preset amplitudes. It will be described later.

In the present embodiment, the output of the driving device 13 is the frequency f12 and the frequency f22 having the same amplitude.
However, it goes without saying that signals having the same amplitude need not be used.

The synchronizing device 14 is a device for synchronizing the focal position of the varifocal lens 12 and the two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 on the basis of the driving signal of the driving device 13, and for example, the driving device. A synchronization signal is generated after waiting a delay time corresponding to a time in which the focal length of the varifocal lens 12 changes based on the output of 13.

The stereoscopic image 15 is a three-dimensional image for explaining the image observed by the observer 16 when the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment is used, and in the case of the first embodiment, it is a virtual image. Is displayed.

Both eyes of the observer 16 indicate the observation position of the observer 16, and the two-dimensional image 17 is a two-dimensional display device 11.
The image displayed on the screen is a three-dimensional image decomposed into two-dimensional images belonging to planes at predetermined intervals by a procedure described later.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the variable focus lens of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining the principle of the variable focus lens of the first embodiment.
(B) is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a variable focus lens used in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 2A, 21 is a fixed focus lens, 22 is a variable refractive index material, 23 and 24 are transparent electrodes, 2
6 indicates incident light, and 27 and 28 indicate emitted light.

The fixed focus lens 21 is a known fixed focus lens, and is, for example, a single lens or a Fresnel lens made of glass or plastic as a lens material.

The refractive index variable substance 22 is a substance having a refractive index anisotropy and a dielectric constant anisotropy, and the sign of the dielectric constant anisotropy changes according to the applied voltage. is there.

In the specification of the present application, two different
A substance having a dielectric constant of one or more is an anisotropic dielectric substance,
In particular, the dielectric anisotropy is expressed as Δε, and Δε = ε ‖ (dielectric constant parallel to the long molecular axis) -ε ⊥ (dielectric constant perpendicular to the long molecular axis)
It is defined as

The transparent electrodes 23 and 24 are well-known transparent electrodes, and are, for example, ITO films or SnO _X films.

By disposing the transparent electrodes 23 and 24 between the fixed focus lens 21 and the variable refractive index material 22, the transparent electrode 23 and the transparent electrode 23 on the fixed focus lens 21 side are refracted, as shown in FIG. 2A. It is possible to easily keep the distance between the transparent electrode 24 and the variable rate material 22 side constant.

Incident light 26 is light incident on the varifocal lens 12, outgoing light 27 is light emitted from the varifocal lens 12 when the focal length is the longest, and outgoing light 28 is used.
Indicates light emitted from the varifocal lens 12 when the focal length is the shortest.

Next, the operation of the varifocal lens 12 will be described with reference to FIG. 2A. Since the refractive index variable substance 22 has both dielectric anisotropy and refractive index anisotropy, By changing the applied electric field, that is, the frequency of the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 23 and 24, the refractive index felt by the incident light 26 can be controlled by the frequency of the applied voltage.

Therefore, since the difference between the refractive index of the fixed focus lens 21 and the refractive index of the variable refractive index material 22 can be controlled, the focal length of the variable focus lens 12, that is, the two-dimensional display device 11 displays two-dimensional images. The image forming position can be controlled.

As described above, since the variable focus lens 12 uses the refractive index variable substance 22 having the physical properties described above, the refractive index can be controlled mainly by the electric field. Therefore, by increasing the electric field, the focal length of the variable focus lens 12 can be increased. The effect is that the change speed of can be easily increased.

Further, the transparent electrode 23 is connected to the fixed focus lens 21.
Of the fixed focus lens 21 instead of the refractive index variable substance 22 side of
Since it can be placed at a position sandwiching between the refractive index variable substance 22 and
The distance between the transparent electrode 23 and the transparent electrode 24 can be easily kept constant.

However, either the refractive index of the fixed focus lens 21 and the extraordinary refractive index or the normal refractive index of the variable refractive index material 22 may be set to the same or close values. However, it does not mean that these refractive indexes must be set to the same value or close values.

The variable focus lens 12 of the first embodiment is
As shown in FIG. 3A, for example, the fixed focus lens 2
1 and the variable refractive index material 22 include transparent electrodes 23 and 24
The transparent electrodes 23, 2 are formed by thinning the portion that does not contribute to the change in the focal length, that is, the portion that is parallel to the transparent electrodes 23, 2
There is an effect that the voltage value applied to No. 4 can be reduced.

The fixed-focus lens 21 is attached to the transparent electrode 23.
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), as a method for forming the thin film, a fixed focus lens mold 29 made of glass, plastic, metal, or the like is used, and a polymer 25 is formed on the substrate 25 on which the transparent electrode 23 is formed. It goes without saying that the method of forming a replica of the fixed focus lens mold 29 with a transparent material such as glass is effective.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2B, the variable focus lens used in the first embodiment will be described. As described above, as the refractive index variable substance 22, for example, a dual frequency driving liquid crystal is used and the refractive index variable liquid crystal is used. Rate variable material 22 and transparent electrode 23
Between, for example, polyimide, PVA, PVB,
Alternatively, the alignment film 210 made of oblique vapor deposition SiO or the like is generated.

By subjecting the alignment film 210 to an alignment treatment by, for example, a well-known rubbing method, the molecules of the dual frequency drive liquid crystal (refractive index variable substance 22) are aligned in a predetermined direction.

As described above, in the case of an electric field in which the refractive index variable substance 22 is parallel to the alignment film 210 (substantially perpendicular to the electric field) by performing the alignment treatment, the refractive index variable substance 22 is removed. A uniform alignment state can be realized in the plane of the alignment film 210 in a wide domain region.

Therefore, by matching the deflection state of the incident light 26 with the alignment direction of the alignment film 210, the change in the refractive index of the refractive index variable substance 22 can be efficiently transmitted to the incident light 26 and the refractive index variable substance. Scattering and variable focus lens 12 due to various orientations of 22
Can be prevented from clouding.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2C, the alignment films 210 having the same optical function, for example, the variable focus lens 12 shown in FIG. By doing so, the refractive index change of the refractive index variable substance 22 can be efficiently transmitted to the incident light 26 irrespective of the polarization state of the incident light and the refractive index variable substance 22.
It is possible to prevent the scattering and the white turbidity of the varifocal lens 12 due to the various directions of the light.

Similarly, for the alignment of the liquid crystal on the fixed focus lens 21 side, for example, an alignment film made of polyimide, PVA, PVB, or oblique vapor deposition SiO is applied, and an alignment treatment is performed by, for example, a rubbing method. It is possible.

When the fixed focus lens 21 is formed by the replica method described later, the liquid crystal can be directly oriented depending on the peeling direction.

In this case, there is no need to apply a special film or to align the surface having irregularities, so that the variable focus lens 12 can be easily produced.

Needless to say, the liquid crystal on the fixed focus lens 21 side can be vertically aligned by applying a vertical alignment material to the fixed focus lens 21 side.

Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned vertical alignment material,
For example, by applying a material having a group such as fluorine and having a poor wettability with the liquid crystal material to the fixed focus lens 21 side, the fixed focus lens 21 side of the liquid crystal can be oriented close to vertical alignment.

In this case, it is sufficient to apply a film,
Since it is not necessary to perform orientation treatment on the surface having irregularities, there is an effect that the varifocal lens 12 can be easily formed.

The variable focus lens 22 of the present embodiment is also used.
2B, for example, a dual frequency driving liquid crystal is used as the refractive index variable substance 22, and the transparent electrode 23 on the side in contact with the refractive index variable substance 22 is, for example,
Polyimide, PVA, PVB, or oblique deposition Si
The alignment film 210 made of O or the like is formed, and the alignment film 210 is not formed on the fixed focus lens 21 side.

By configuring the variable focus lens 12 in this way, the alignment film 210 is subjected to an alignment treatment by, for example, a well-known rubbing method in the vicinity of the surface on which the alignment film 210 is arranged. Thus, the molecules of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal (refractive index variable substance 22) on the alignment film 210 side can be aligned in a predetermined direction.

On the other hand, on the fixed focus lens 21 side, since no particular alignment treatment is performed, the molecules of the dual frequency drive liquid crystal are oriented differently depending on the location, and the incident light 26
In some cases, the change in refractive index cannot be sufficiently transmitted, and the effect of variable focus may not be sufficiently exhibited.

However, even in the case of such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIG.
By injecting 6 from the transparent electrode 24 side in which the orientation of the liquid crystal is more uniform, the variable focus effect can be sufficiently exhibited.

That is, the two-dimensional display device 11 is arranged on the side of the transparent electrode 24 where the alignment film 210 is formed, and the deflection state of the incident light 26 is made to coincide with the alignment direction of the alignment film 210 to obtain a refractive index. The change in the refractive index of the variable substance 22 can be efficiently transmitted to the incident light 26.

This is due to the optical rotatory power of the liquid crystal,
When the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules changes more slowly than the wavelength of the traveling direction of the incident light 26, the deflection direction of the incident light 26 changes following the change in the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

For example, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal changes clockwise, the deflection direction also changes clockwise.

Therefore, even if the orientation on the fixed-focus lens 21 side is different depending on the location, the incident light 26 will feel a sufficient change in the refractive index, and therefore, for example, the need for coating a special film or the unevenness on the surface. There is an effect that the varifocal lens 12 can be configured without performing a certain alignment process.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the drive output of the drive device 13 in the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4A shows a case of driving with a sine wave, and FIG.
Indicates the case of driving with a rectangular wave.

In FIG. 4, T ₁ is the time for outputting a low frequency signal, T ₂ is the time for outputting a high frequency signal, and T ₃ is the time for adding T ₁ and T ₂ .

The drive waveform shown in FIG. 4 is a drive voltage waveform for driving a two-frequency drive liquid crystal, for example, frequency f
21 (Δε ₁ > 0) and frequency f22 (Δε ₂ <0) when two signals having different frequencies are applied and the signs of the dielectric anisotropy Δε are different.

As is clear from FIG. 4, the drive output of the drive unit 13 of the first embodiment has equal or almost equal amplitudes of the electric field whose main frequency is the frequency f21 and the frequency f2.
An electric field having a main frequency of 2 has a constant duty ratio and a constant period.

The molecules of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal to which the electric field is applied as described above have a force (frequency f) for orienting the major axis along the electric field.
21) and a force for orienting the major axis perpendicular to the electric field (force when frequency f22 is applied) are periodically and alternately received.

At this time, if there is no other force for restraining the molecules of the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal, the liquid crystal has frequency f21 and frequency f2.
The change of 2 causes a rapid digital (binary) change, and it is impossible to perform the continuous analog operation required for the stereoscopic display device.

However, in the actual liquid crystal, not only the viscosity but also the force that inhibits the direction change of the liquid crystal molecules such as the restraining force as the crystal of the liquid crystal work, so that the force is balanced with the force that is driven by the drive signal described above, and a wide area is obtained. A uniform and high-speed analog and periodic alignment movement of the liquid crystal becomes possible over the entire area.

However, when the variable focus lens 12 is driven by the above-mentioned drive signal, it is important to apply the drive signal composed of the frequency f12 and the frequency f22 periodically for a fixed time.

For example, when the drive signal composed of the frequency f12 and the frequency f22 is applied only once, only the phenomenon that the uniformity of the liquid crystal is impaired or the scattering is increased appears. The practicability as 12 produces only a poor effect.

Therefore, by applying the drive signal periodically for a fixed time, the above-mentioned balance is sufficiently performed, and uniform operation is possible over a wide area.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the focal length changes when the variable focus lens is driven by the driving device of the first embodiment, where the horizontal axis represents the drive time and the vertical axis represents the focal length.

The drive signal waveform at this time has a low frequency f21 (Δε ₁ > 0) and a high frequency f22 (Δε ₂ <0.
0) and the rectangular wave shown in FIG. Also,
The relationship between the refractive index of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal (refractive index variable substance 22) and the refractive index of the fixed focus lens 21 at this time is as follows when the dual frequency driving liquid crystal stands vertically with respect to the transparent electrodes 23 and 24. The refractive index of the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal becomes smaller than that of the fixed-focus lens 21, and when the two-frequency driving liquid crystal is substantially parallel to the transparent electrodes 23 and 24, the refractive index of the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal is larger than that of the fixed-focus lens 21. Become.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, it became clear that the focal length of the varifocal lens 12 changes in an analog (continuous) manner. Also, low frequency f12 and high frequency f
The repetition frequency with 22 is approximately 30 Hz.

Therefore, by using the variable-focus lens 12 of the first embodiment, it is apparent that the recovery speed is remarkably increased as compared with the conventional liquid crystal lens which took about several seconds.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a diagram for explaining the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. .

In FIG. 6, in particular, FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining the operation of the stereoscopic display device, and FIG. 6B is for explaining a two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11. FIG.

In FIG. 6, virtual image 18 is a two-dimensional image formed at position 19, and virtual image 110 is a two-dimensional image formed at position 111. Also, d _obj is a variable focus lens and 2
The distance from the three-dimensional display device, d _img is the distance between the variable focus lens and the virtual image forming position, and the three-dimensional image 112 is a three-dimensional object.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a set of two-dimensional images.

The distance d _img between the varifocal lens and the image forming position of the virtual image is _marked with "-(minus)" because the direction from the varifocal lens 12 to the observer 16 is "+ (plus)". This is because

Next, the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6. First, the position (viewpoint position) of the two-dimensional display device is as described above. , D _obj is smaller than the focal length of the varifocal lens 12, the two-dimensional image 17 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 is observed by the observer 16 as a virtual image.

At this time, for example, according to the paraxial theory (1) which is the theory of lens optics, the two-dimensional image 1 can be obtained by changing the focal length of the varifocal lens 12.
The image forming position 19 of the virtual image 18 of No. 7 can be changed in the depth direction to the virtual image 110 of the missing image position 111.

[Equation 1] 1 / d _obj + 1 / d _img = 1 / fo (1) where fo represents the focal length of the varifocal lens 12.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the stereoscopic image 112 is expressed as a set 113 of two-dimensional images sampled in the depth direction from the viewpoint direction at the time of image pickup or display, and each of these two-dimensional images is represented. Are displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 in a time division manner.

At this time, the synchronizing device 14 synchronizes the two-dimensional display device 11 and the change in the focal length of the variable focus lens 12 with each other, and the image forming position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 becomes the depth. By displaying the same as the sampling position, the stereoscopic image 15 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 is displayed to the observer 16 due to the afterimage phenomenon of the eye and the depth sampled image of the observer 16 in the direction of the line of sight is displayed. It is observed as a group (virtual image).

As described above, according to the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment, the stereoscopic images 112 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 belong to the two-dimensional planes with preset intervals.
The image sampled as a three-dimensional image is displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11, and based on the output of the synchronization device 14 that generates a signal in synchronization with the change in the focal length of the variable focus lens 12,
By displaying the two-dimensional image displayed on the three-dimensional display device 11 so as to be the same as the position at the time of sampling, for example, the two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 based on the equation (1).
Since the image forming position of the three-dimensional image (virtual image) can be changed, the three-dimensional image 1
12 can be displayed as a virtual image 15 that is a collection of depth-sampled images.

Further, in the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the observer 16 observes the stereoscopic image 15 as a collection of virtual images substantially arranged in the depth direction, the binocular parallax, There is an effect that physiological factors such as convergence, focus adjustment, and dynamic parallax can be satisfied without contradiction and natural stereoscopic vision can be realized.

Further, in the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the amount of information required for display is mainly determined by the number of samples in the depth direction. On the other hand, it is known that the resolution in the line-of-sight direction (depth direction) of a person is lower than the resolution in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the number of samples in the depth direction can be significantly reduced compared to the vertical and horizontal directions. it can.

Therefore, the present invention has the effect that the amount of information required for display can be greatly reduced compared to holography.

Further, since the amount of information can be greatly reduced, there is an advantage that the present invention can be applied to the case where a high display speed is required such as a moving picture.

Furthermore, since the normal lens action of the varifocal lens 12 is utilized, a coherent light source such as a laser light source is not particularly required as a light source, and 2
Since the influence of the color difference in the three-dimensional image 17 is small,
There is an effect that colorization is easy.

Since no mechanical drive unit is required,
It has the advantage of being suitable for weight reduction and improved reliability.

Further, although the case where two frequencies are used is shown in the present embodiment, it is needless to say that the number is not limited to two and more frequencies may be used.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a stereoscopic display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and the basic structure is the same as that of the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment. The difference is that the two-dimensional display device 11 is arranged outside the focal length when viewed from the varifocal lens 12 side, and the three-dimensional image 112 composed of a set 113 of two-dimensional images is left and right on the two-dimensional display device 11. The point is that it is displayed upside down.

As is apparent from FIG. 7, the second embodiment is different.
In this stereoscopic display device, since the two-dimensional display device 11 is arranged outside the focal length when viewed from the varifocal lens 12 side, the observer 16 connects the varifocal lens 12 and the observer 16. You will observe a stereoscopic image (real image).

Next, FIG. 8 shows a diagram for explaining the stereoscopic display device according to the second embodiment, and the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.

However, in FIG. 8, the real image 116 is a two-dimensional image formed at the image forming position 117.
Reference numeral 4 is a two-dimensional image formed at the image forming position 115.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, by changing the focal length of the varifocal lens 12,
The image forming position 115 of the real image 114 of the three-dimensional image 17 can be changed to the real image 116 of the image forming position 117 in the depth direction of the line of sight of the observer 16.

Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the three-dimensional image 112 shown in FIG. 6B is expressed as a set 113 of two-dimensional images sampled in the depth direction, and the set 113 of two-dimensional images is Each of them is displayed on the two-dimensional display device 11 in a time division manner, and the synchronization device 14 synchronizes the two-dimensional display device 11 and the variable focus lens 12 so that the image forming position of each two-dimensional image becomes the same as the depth sampling position. By synchronizing with the focal length, the stereoscopic image can be reproduced as a collection of depth-sampled images (real images) by utilizing the afterimage phenomenon of the eye.

Therefore, in addition to the same effect as the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment described above, a real image is formed in the stereoscopic display device of the second embodiment.
There is an effect that a photographic plate is placed at a real image position and a two-dimensional image can be taken at that position.

Further, by placing the scattering plate at the real image position, it is advantageous that only the two-dimensional image at that position can be observed.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a stereoscopic display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which 901 is a projection type display and 902.
Is a shutter, 903 is a scattering plate, 904 is an image recording / reproducing device, and 905 is a synchronization control device.

In FIG. 9, the projection type display 901 is a well-known projection type display, and in the third embodiment, by using a plurality of units, the drawing speed of each projection type display is reduced.

The shutter 902 is installed for each projection type display 901, and projects the image projected from each projection type display 901 on the scattering plate 903 in a time division manner.

The scattering plate 903 is a well-known scattering plate for displaying the image projected from each projection type display 901, and, for example, like the first embodiment,
It is assumed that the variable focus lens 12 is installed inside the focal length.

The image recording / reproducing device 904 is, for example, an image recording device such as a well-known video recorder, and outputs a video signal to the connected projection type display 901 based on the output of the synchronization control device 905.

The synchronization control device 905 outputs an image from the recording / recording / reproducing device in synchronization with a change in the focal length of the varifocal lens 12 based on the output of the driving device 13 and controls each shutter 902 to a predetermined value. The projection display 901 image is projected onto the scattering plate 903.

Next, the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9. Like the first embodiment described above, the stereoscopic image 112 shown in FIG. It is expressed as a set 113 of two-dimensional images sampled in the direction, each of the set 113 of two-dimensional images is sequentially projected from the projection display 901, and this image is sequentially time-divided by the shutter 902 on the scattering plate 903. While displaying, the synchronizing device 14 synchronizes the focal length of the image recording / reproducing device 904 and the focal length of the variable focus lens 12 so that the image forming position of each two-dimensional image becomes the same as the depth sampling position. The afterimage phenomenon of can be used to reproduce a stereoscopic image as a collection of depth-sampled images (virtual images).

Therefore, it has the same effect as the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment described above, and since the known projection display 901, shutter 902 and scattering plate 903 are used, the screen size can be easily increased. effective.

In the stereoscopic display device according to the third embodiment, the positional relationship between the scattering plate 903 and the variable focus lens 12 is the same as in the second embodiment, and the scattering plate 903 is located outside the focal length of the variable focus lens 12. Install the image recording / playback device 9
It goes without saying that stereoscopic display can also be performed by projecting an image (two-dimensional image) which is vertically and horizontally inverted from 04.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a variable focus lens of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which 1001 and 1002 are transparent electrodes and 1003.
Is a variable refractive index material, and 1004 is a hole.

In FIG. 10, transparent electrodes 1001 and 10
Reference numeral 02 is a known transparent electrode, which is, for example, an ITO film or a ZnO _x film. Further, the transparent electrode 1001 is provided with a hole 1004 as shown in FIG.

The variable refractive index material 1003 is a variable refractive index material such as liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or polymer liquid crystal, and the refractive index changes according to the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 1001 and 1002. Is.

In the variable focus lens of the fourth embodiment, the shape of the hole 1004 provided in the transparent electrode is circular, but the shape is not limited to a circle, and for example, the focal length can be set only in one direction. Needless to say, the shape of the hole 1004 can be variously changed in the direction of light, for example, in the case of changing the shape.

Next, the operation of the variable focus lens of the stereoscopic display device according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 10. First, when an electric field (voltage) is applied between the two transparent electrodes 1001 and 1002, holes are generated. Since a non-uniform electric field distribution is generated in the portion 1004 and its vicinity, a non-uniform refractive index distribution is generated in the refractive index variable substance 1003 according to this electric field distribution, and a lens action occurs.

Since this distribution changes with the state of the electric field, the effective focal length can be changed with the electric field.

At this time, the refractive index variable substance 1003
As a result, the use of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal has a higher driving voltage, but has an advantage that the rate of change of the refractive index becomes faster.

By controlling the change in the refractive index of the variable refractive index material 1003 with and without applying an electric field, the restoration speed when the electric field is not applied is generally slow. The use of a substance whose refractive index can be changed by the frequency of the electric field, such as liquid crystal, has an effect that the change of the focal length can be accelerated.

The varifocal lens shown in FIG. 10 has a structure in which the lens action is effected only by the refractive index distribution of the refractive index variable substance. In this structure, the refractive index variable substance 1003 is used.
The variable range and the center position of the lens action are limited due to the variable range and shape of the refractive index.

Therefore, by combining a fixed focus lens as shown in FIG. 11, the variable range of the lens action can be widened or the variable center position can be set arbitrarily.

FIG. 11A shows a variable focus lens using a well-known spherical lens 1101 or an aspherical lens as a fixed focus lens, and FIG. 11B shows a variable focus lens using a well-known Fresnel lens 1102 as a fixed focus lens. FIG. 11C shows a varifocal lens using a lenticular lens 1103 known as a fixed focus lens.

In the variable focus lens shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C, the position of the transparent electrode 1002 is provided on the surface opposite to the surface where the fixed focus lens and the refractive index variable substance 1003 are in contact with each other. However, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by a method of forming a transparent electrode on the surface side where the fixed focus lens and the refractive index variable substance 1003 are in contact with each other.

(Reference Example) FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a drive output waveform of a driving device of a stereoscopic display device of a reference example of the present invention, FIG. 12 (a) shows a case where a sine wave is used, and FIG. )
Indicates the case of using a rectangular wave.

When the drive output shown in FIG. 12 is used, the sine wave electric fields Vs1 and Vs2 or the rectangular wave electric fields Vr1 and Vr2 whose main frequencies are the frequency f11 component and the frequency f12 component are set in advance. The electric field Vss (in the case of a sine wave) or Vrr (in the case of a rectangular wave) superimposed at the ratio is applied to the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal.

As a result, the molecules of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal have a force (the action of the frequency f11) for orienting the major axis along the electric field.
Force to orient the major axis in a direction perpendicular to the electric field (frequency f12
The action in the opposite direction with the force of) will be received at the same time depending on the voltage ratio.

Therefore, the molecules of the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal are tilted from the electric field direction at an angle at which the forces in opposite directions are balanced in accordance with the above-mentioned voltage-frequency ratio, and the refractive index of the variable-focus lens is changed in an analog manner at high speed. Bring

Therefore, the focal length of the varifocal lens can be changed at high speed in an analog manner, and the action described above is combined with the restraining force of the crystal of the dual-frequency driving liquid crystal to make it substantially uniform over a wide area. Can realize a high-speed variable focus lens.

Needless to say, the drive voltage waveform does not have to be a sine wave, and may be a rectangular wave or a sawtooth waveform having the above-mentioned frequency as a main frequency.

Further, although the case where two frequencies are used is shown in this reference example, it is needless to say that the number is not limited to two and more frequencies may be used.

In the drive output waveform of this reference example, the rate of change of the refractive index variable substances 22 and 1003 can be controlled by the strength of the electric field. Therefore, by increasing the amplitude of the drive output waveform, for example, between the transparent electrodes. Even if it is as thick as several 100 μm, there is an effect that the response speed of the refractive index change of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal which is the refractive index variable substance can be increased to several 10 ms or less.

Further, the effect that the changing speed of the refractive index variable substances 22 and 1003 can be controlled by the strength of the electric field is as follows.
It goes without saying that the drive output waveform of the first embodiment has the same effect.

Furthermore, by performing the driving method of temporarily stopping the supply of the electric field applied to the two-frequency driving liquid crystal and then restarting the supply, the two-frequency driving liquid crystal is brought to the vicinity of the moment when the electric field is stopped. It stops at a corresponding inclination, and the alignment state in the vicinity of the stop state is maintained until the alignment is gradually disturbed by the alignment control force of the liquid crystal and the fluctuation force due to temperature and the like.

The time required for the orientation to be disturbed due to the orientation regulating force and fluctuations due to temperature and the like takes about several seconds.

Therefore, by starting the supply of the electric field again within the time of this alignment disorder, the alignment disorder can be kept small, and the alignment disorder during the electric field suspension period can also be maintained by the restart of the electric field supply. It can be lost.

By driving the two-frequency driving liquid crystal by utilizing the above-mentioned characteristics, a constant refresh time for fixing the disorder of the alignment is periodically required, but it is not always necessary to apply the voltage, There is an effect that the refractive index can be changed at high speed.

The inventions made by the present inventors are as follows.
Although the specific description has been given based on the embodiment of the invention, the invention is not limited to the embodiment of the invention and can be variously modified without departing from the scope of the invention. .

For example, instead of the depth sampled image, a line drawing device 1301 (for example, a laser scan drawing device or an electron beam scan drawing device) is used as a two-dimensional display device as shown in FIG. 1
The stereoscopic image 1302 is also represented by representing 302 as a set of lines and changing the focal length of the varifocal lens 12 by using the synchronizer 14 to meet the position of the line in the depth direction.
Can be played.

This method can be applied to the above-mentioned first to fourth embodiments and the reference example, and it is clear that the same effect as the above-mentioned effect can be obtained by using this method, and the stereoscopic display is realized. Since there are few constituent elements required for performing, there is an effect that analog (continuous) display in the depth direction is easy.

In the present invention, the stereoscopic image is changed by changing the focal length of the varifocal lens 12 to change the image forming position of the image (virtual image or real image) of the two-dimensional display device 11 in the depth direction. By taking advantage of the fact that the depth resolution of a human is significantly lower at a position farther than a human compared to a close position, the number of samples in the depth direction is close to that of a human, that is,
It is conceivable that there are many portions near the observer 16 when displaying, and the overall amount of information can be reduced by reducing the distance.

As shown in FIG. 14, it is considered that the moving speed of the image by the variable focus lens is not the same depending on the depth direction.

In such a case, when the brightness of the two-dimensional image is the same, the portion where the moving speed is slow becomes bright and the portion where the moving speed is fast becomes dark, but it becomes non-uniform.

Therefore, it can be seen that it is extremely useful to change the brightness of the two-dimensional image in accordance with the moving speed of the image by the variable focus lens.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the focal length of the variable focus lens periodically changes between a portion near the eye and a portion far from the eye.

In such driving, there are (1) a part far from the part close to the eye and (2) a part far from the part far from the eye. Both are the same in the opposite directions, but both are the same. Will come through the depth position of.

Therefore, by drawing different images in the cases of (1) and (2), the stereoscopic display device of the present invention can be efficiently driven.

[0171]

The effects obtained by the typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows.

(1) It is possible to satisfy the physiological factors of stereoscopic vision such as binocular parallax, vergence, focus adjustment and dynamic parallax without using glasses or the like, and to perform electrically rewritable moving image display. it can.

[0173] (2) driving means outputs a drive signal, the imaging position of the imaging position moving means comprising the steps of <br/> dynamic drive in an analog manner and periodically, synchronization means, the display means analog of the imaging position of the update and the imaging position moving means of the two-dimensional image that appears
And comprising the step of synchronizing the periodic change, the display
The image formation position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the means is the depth of the stereoscopic image.
Since the display position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means can be changed in the line-of-sight direction of the observer by displaying it so that it is the same as the position for the directions , the observer displays it on the display means that is a two-dimensional plane. The two-dimensional image that is displayed can be observed three-dimensionally.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a variable focus lens according to the first embodiment.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration and an outline of a manufacturing method when the variable focus lens according to the first embodiment is thinned.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining drive output of a drive device in the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the focal length changes when the variable focus lens is driven by the drive device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the stereoscopic display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a variable focus lens of a stereoscopic display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a variable focus lens of another form of the stereoscopic display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing drive output waveforms of a drive device for a stereoscopic display device according to a reference example of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a moving speed of an image by a variable focus lens.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device using conventional liquid crystal shutter glasses.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic display device using a conventional lenticular lens plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Two-dimensional display device, 12 ... Variable focus lens, 13 ...
Drive device, 14 ... Synchronous device, 15 ... Stereoscopic image, 16 ... Observer, 17 ... Two-dimensional image, 21 ... Fixed focus lens, 22 ... Refractive index variable material, 23, 24 ... Transparent electrode, 26 ... Incident light,
27, 28 ... Emitted light, 901 ... Projection type display, 902 ... Shutter, 903 ... Scattering plate, 90
4 ... Image recording / reproducing device, 905 ... Synchronous control device, 100
1, 1002 ... Transparent electrode, 1003 ... Refractive index variable substance,
Reference numeral 1004 ... Hole, 1101 ... Spherical lens, 1102 ... Fresnel lens, 1103 ... Lenticular lens.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shigenobu Sakai 2-3-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (56) Reference JP-A-5-273499 (JP, A) JP JP 5-297339 (JP, A) JP 4-2918 (JP, A) JP 62-170934 (JP, A) JP 4-280222 (JP, A) JP 61-254932 (JP , A) JP-A-4-322214 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02B 27/22 G02F 1/13

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stereoscopic display device for stereoscopically displaying a two-dimensional image displayed on a display means, wherein a difference in dielectric constant when a voltage of a first frequency is applied becomes a positive value, and a second frequency is applied. Layer of two-frequency driving liquid crystal having two or more different dielectric constants having a negative difference in dielectric constant when a voltage is applied, a fixed focus lens having a predetermined focal length, and the fixed focus lens An image forming position moving means for moving the image forming position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means, the image forming position moving means comprising at least a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching a layer composed of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal and the liquid crystal. Synchronizing means for synchronizing the update cycle of the displayed two-dimensional image and the moving cycle of the image forming position of the image forming position moving means, and a voltage of the first frequency is generated based on the synchronizing means.
The long axis of the two-frequency drive liquid crystal molecules is aligned with the electric field.
A first driving signal Ru of force for orienting the voltage of the second frequency possess Te, its molecules in the dual frequency addressable liquid crystal
Analog and the imaging position of the imaging position moving means by a predetermined time applying a second drive signal Ru of force to orient vertically long axis to an electric field periodically switched at predetermined time intervals A two-dimensional image in which a stereoscopic image is sampled in a depth direction from a viewpoint
The time is displayed on the display means in a time division manner, and
Image formation by the display means and the image formation position moving means by steps
Synchronize with analog and periodic changes in position,
The image forming position of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means is
A stereoscopic display device characterized in that a display is made to be the same as a sampling position in the depth direction . 2. A two-dimensional image displayed on the display means is three-dimensional.
In the stereoscopic display device displayed on the screen, the difference in dielectric constant when the voltage of the first frequency is applied is positive.
Becomes the value, and the above-mentioned trigger when the voltage of the second frequency is applied
It has two or more different permittivities that have a negative difference in the electric constant.
A layer of dual-frequency driven liquid crystal that has a fixed focal length
Point lens, fixed focus lens and dual frequency drive
At least a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching a layer made of liquid crystal
And forming the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means.
The image forming position moving means for moving the image position, the update cycle of the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means, and the result.
Synchronizing with the movement cycle of the image forming position of the image position moving means
Generating a voltage of the first frequency based on the synchronization means and the synchronization means.
The long axis of the two-frequency drive liquid crystal molecules is aligned with the electric field.
And a second drive signal for applying a force to orient
Having a voltage of frequency, the molecules of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal
Second drive signal that applies force to orient the long axis perpendicular to the electric field
Signal for a fixed period of time by periodically switching
The image forming position of the image forming position moving means.
Comprising a drive means for logging and periodically driven, when drawing a line image representing a stereoscopic image by the display means
Both of the display means and the image formation are performed by the synchronization means.
Analog and periodic changes in the image forming position of the position moving means
The image formation position of the line displayed on the display means in synchronization with
Display the same as the position of the line in the depth direction.
Steric display characterized by that. Wherein the time said drive means applies a constant drive signal periodically time, a force which inhibits the turning of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal molecules, by the time the force exerted by the drive signal is balanced Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that
Stereoscopic display device according to. Wherein said imaging position moving means 1 to claim characterized by including an alignment film for orienting the dual frequency addressable liquid crystal in a predetermined direction to a position in contact with the two-frequency driving liquid crystal layer Item 3. The stereoscopic display device according to any one of Item 3 . 5. The image forming position moving means is the dual frequency drive.
Claim the alignment layer between the transparent electrode on the side of the dynamic liquid crystal layer and the two-frequency driving liquid crystal layer disposed on the side of the fixed focus lens is characterized in that it does not place the alignment film 4 3D display device. 6. Arrangement of the alignment film of the dual frequency driving liquid crystal
The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5 , wherein the side that faces the display device is arranged toward the display device. A 7. plurality of the imaging position moving means, according to claim 4, characterized in that arranged so that the alignment direction of the plurality of imaging position moving means the alignment films are orthogonal to each other
7. The stereoscopic display device according to any one of 6 to 6 . 8. The pair of transparent electrodes, wherein the distance between the electrodes is constant, according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
The stereoscopic display device according to the item. 9. is installed between the Viewing means that displays a two-dimensional image viewer, and the imaging position moving means having a two-frequency driving liquid crystal, updating the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means A driving method for a stereoscopic display device, comprising: a synchronizing unit that synchronizes a cycle and a moving period of the image forming position of the image forming position moving unit; and a driving unit that drives the image forming position moving unit. but its first output voltage and the two-frequency driving liquid crystal molecules that the first frequency for applying a force to orient its long axis in the molecules of the two-frequency driving liquid crystal along the electric field with the main frequency second for the second frequency for obtaining pressure forces vertically aligning the major axis to the electric field and main frequency
The output voltage and a driving signal, periodically fixed time output, analog or the imaging position of the imaging position moving means
A step of periodically drive One, the synchronization means, viewing the stereoscopic image displayed on the display means
Wherein the updating of the two-dimensional image that have been sampled in the depth direction from the point
An analog and periodic image forming position of the image forming position moving means.
Synchronization with the change and a preparative Ru process, the imaging position of the 2-dimensional image displayed on said display means before
A method for driving a stereoscopic display device, which is characterized by displaying so as to be the same as the sampling position in the depth direction . 10. The force during which the drive unit periodically outputs a drive signal in a process of driving the image-forming position moving unit for a certain period of time has a force that impedes the direction change of liquid crystal molecules and a force that is exerted by the drive signal. the driving method of a stereoscopic display device according to claim 9, characterized in that but it is time to equilibrium. During wherein said driving means when the driving signal for driving the imaging position moving means in a predetermined method of driving a stereoscopic display device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises the step of stopping .