JP3425736B2 - Crank device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a crank device.
And more specifically, steam engines, internal combustion engines,
Reciprocating motion and rotary motion
The present invention relates to a power conversion technology applied to a power conversion portion of a vehicle. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art A mechanical device utilizing a crank device of this kind is known.
As an example, the reciprocating gasoline as shown in FIG.
There is an engine. [0003] In this engine, reciprocating motion is converted into rotary motion.
A typical example of a mechanical device that converts force.
The piston b in the die a is connected via a connecting rod c.
And is connected to a crankpin e of a crankshaft d. Then, the fuel is burned in the combustion chamber of the cylinder a.
Piston b is at top dead center due to the explosive power of gasoline
Reciprocating linear motion between
Is connected to the continuous rotation of the crankshaft d via the connecting rod c.
Is converted. [0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Reciprocating gasoline
Gin has features such as simple structure, light weight and high speed.
Therefore, the operating principle has already been 20 since the invention of the steam engine.
Despite more than 0 years, the current automobile engine
It is the mainstream of gin, but on the other hand, crank
Problems related to the structural characteristics of axis d as described below
Also have. That is, the crank pin e is
From the rotation center of the crankshaft d, that is, the axis of the main shaft f.
The eccentric position is shifted by the length of the crank arm g.
The rotation of the crankshaft d moves the connecting rod c to the left or right.
It will move up and down with the piston b while swinging in the direction
Reciprocating motion and rotating motion, which are the basic operations of the crank device.
In addition to this, the oscillating motion is also complicated, and the dynamic balance
Very unstable. For this reason, conventionally, the weight of the balance weight
There are various ideas about the shape, mounting position, etc.
And the moving parts including piston b and connecting rod c
Although a dynamic balance method has been adopted,
It is very difficult. In fact, the rotational quality of the moving part
The amount can be corrected, but the reciprocating mass cannot be completely corrected.
The next best thing is to reduce the dynamic imbalance.
The fact is that it is being planned. This is because of the above
Unbalanced inertial force in the moving part is a major factor in vibration and noise.
Had become. Further, as described above, the connecting rod c swings.
And tilt with respect to the reciprocating direction of the piston b (tilt angle
θ), the piston b has gas pressure and inertia
Thrust force (side pressure) R acts on the cylinder a
Thrust (piston slap). Yaha
Noise, cavitation, friction loss, etc.
It was a major cause of harm. [0009] This problem is particularly encountered in very large diesel engines.
Is serious, and to avoid this, as shown in FIG.
What is called a crosshead type is employed. This
In the structure of the above, between the piston b and the connecting rod c,
Cloth slidably provided in the reciprocating direction of piston b
A head h is provided, and a thrust force R is applied to the piston b.
Use, but this is still a fundamental problem.
Not only does this not work, but the height of cylinder a increases,
In addition, the engine itself has to be enlarged. Although not shown, a general offset is used.
Use of multi-cylinders, or so-called siles
Special structures such as the shaft construction and the Rombic mechanism
Developed, vertical vibration due to reciprocating motion of piston b
Lateral vibration or explosion due to motion or tilting connecting rod
Various trials have been conducted to counterbalance vibration at the time of
Has been seen. However, for example, a silent shuff
Complete dynamic balance is not possible
And in the case of the Rhombic mechanism, the dynamic balun
Reciprocating in the reciprocating part, although possible
This reciprocating part
Is not suitable for high-speed motion because the total mass of
Neither approach was perfect. Further, the unbalanced inertia force of the moving part, etc.
Piston b, connecting rod c or
Sufficient mechanical strength and rigidity for main parts such as rank axis d
Required, which results in increased equipment weight and power
This has also led to a decrease in transmission efficiency. The following problem is caused by the above-mentioned reciprocating engine.
In addition to internal combustion engines, including steam engines and compressors
Or other with a crank device, such as a pump
It is common to machinery and equipment. The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem.
Power transmission
Good efficiency and dynamic balance, reciprocating linear motion and continuous rotation
Two-way power conversion of rolling motion is possible, and at high speed rotation
Crank device with suitable, simple and compact structure
And a mechanical device provided with the crank device
It is in. [0015] Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object,
Therefore, the crank device according to the present invention is capable of reciprocating motion and rotating motion.
This device is applied to the force conversion part.
A supported spindle, and extending radially on the distal end side of the spindle.
A crankshaft having a crank arm
Is connected to the reciprocating side at the forward end of the shaft
Connecting rod and planet interposed between crankshaft and connecting rod
And the planetary mechanism includes the crankshaft.
A sun member fixedly arranged concentrically with the rotation center of
A planetary member that rolls along the inner periphery of the sun member;
The outer diameter of the planet member is set to 1/2 of the inner diameter of the sun member.
The above-mentioned crank is provided at the center of rotation on one side of the planetary member.
The crankpin at the tip of the arm is pivotally connected to rotate.
As well as gears protruding from the other side of the outer periphery of the planetary member
One end of the connecting rod is rotatably pivotally connected to the pin,
The reciprocating trajectory of one end of the connecting rod is circular
The weight of each of the above components is set so as to traverse the rotation path.
The distribution balances the reciprocating part and the rotating part.
Set to, Circumferential direction of the planetary member and the solar member
The engagement position is adjustableIt is characterized by the following. In this case, preferably, each component is provided with
All counterbalancers work as rotary inertia
Is set as follows. Further, the mechanical device of the present invention is characterized in that
At least one set of devices, wherein the other end of the connecting rod is
It is connected to the input and output
The spindle of the shaft is connected to the rotating part on the output side.
Or, when the main shaft of the crankshaft is on the input side
And the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the output side.
Is connected to the reciprocating part. [0018] For example, the crank device of the present invention is used for reciprocating gasoline.
When applied to a phosphorus engine, the piston in the cylinder
Is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod and a planetary mechanism.
Combined with Kupin and burns in the combustion chamber of the cylinder
Due to the explosive power of gasoline, the piston above and below dead center
Reciprocating linear movement between points and this reciprocating linear movement is connected
For continuous rotary motion of the crankshaft via rod and planetary mechanism
Is converted. In this case, the sun member of the planetary mechanism is
This sun is arranged concentrically with the rotation center of the crankshaft.
During rotation of one side of the planetary member rolling along the inner circumference of the member
In the heart, the crankpin of the above crankshaft is pivotably supported
Connected to the outer periphery of the planet
One end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected so that it can rotate.
The rod hardly swings from side to side, and the piston
Almost linear movement with the piston in the reciprocating direction of
Dynamic balance is secured. In particular, the length of the crank arm of the crankshaft
Between the center of rotation of the planetary member and the connection point of the connecting rod.
Are set equal, and this connection point is
As the member rolls, it passes through the center of rotation of the crankshaft
If it is set to move on a straight line,
Because there is no movement and it cannot shake, the thrust of the piston
Is completely gone. Moreover, the sun member surrounds the planet member.
So that the rotational inertia of the planet
From this point, it is stable
A dynamic balance is ensured and the balance between the two
A close engagement state is also obtained, improving power transmission efficiency
You. Further, the mass distribution of each of the constituent members is
Consider dynamic balance around the center of rotation of the crankshaft
Is set in the range from low speed to high speed.
As a result, uniform and stable operation is ensured. In this case, in particular,
All counter balancers provided for each component
It is preferable to set so as to work as a rolling inertia force. The crank device according to the present invention is characterized in that
Reciprocation of internal combustion engine such as Sorin engine or steam engine
In addition to the device that converts motion into rotational motion,
In other words, the main shaft of the crankshaft
While connecting to the rotating part on the input side,
By connecting the other end to the output side reciprocating section,
Power conversion from rotary motion of pressers and pumps to reciprocating motion
The present invention can be applied in exactly the same way to an apparatus for performing the above. [0024] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
It will be described based on the following. Embodiment 1 The basic structure of the crank device according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
The crank device 1 specifically has a reciprocating motion
And a device applied to the power conversion part of the rotary motion,
In the present embodiment, for example, the main part of a single cylinder engine
Is configured. The crank device 1 includes a crankshaft 2
Connecting rod (connecting rod) 3 and these crankshafts 2
A planetary mechanism 4 interposed between the contact rods 3;
The contact rod 3 is connected to the reciprocating cylinder device 5
I have. In the drawings, the outline of the mechanical drive system
Only the configuration is shown, other peripheral configurations such as intake and exhaust systems
The configuration of the valve operating mechanism and the like is not shown. The crankshaft 2 is connected to the rotating side.
The main shaft 10, the crank arm 11, and the crank pin
12 are integrally formed, and the main shaft 10
Is rotatably supported by the crankcase 14 through the
The main shaft 10 and the axis of the crankpin 12 are parallel.
Have been. The connecting rod 3 is a reciprocating cylinder on the reciprocating movement side.
The part connected to the piston 15 of the cylinder device 5
Is formed integrally with the piston 15. Stove
As shown in the figure, the dough 3 is thin with almost the same thickness over the entire length.
The piston 15 has a thin disk shape as well as a rod shape.
Skirts as in conventional general well-known construction
There is no part, and the weight of these reciprocating parts is reduced. The connecting rod 3 and the piston 15
As described later, the connecting rod 3 is a reciprocating linear
It is a structure that can be adopted from exercising, but
Like the conventional piston rod,
For the purpose of absorbing processing errors and assembly errors, etc.
3 and the piston 15 are connected via a piston pin (not shown).
It may be pivotally connected pivotally. The planetary mechanism 4 is connected to the crankshaft 2 and a stove.
In the part connecting the pads 3, an annular solid
Constant internal gear 20 and planetary part meshing with fixed internal gear 20
And a planetary gear 21 as a material. The fixed internal gear 20 is connected to the crankcase.
14 and fixed to the inner circumference of the cylinder.
A gear 20a is arranged concentrically with the main shaft 10 of the crankshaft 2.
Is placed. The planetary gear 21 is connected to the sun gear 20a.
It is provided so that it can roll around its axis while meshing with
I have. The center of rotation of one side of the planetary gear 21 is
The crankpin 12 of the crankshaft 2 rotates through the bearing 22.
Is rotatably pivotally connected to the outer periphery of the planetary gear 21.
A gear pin 24 protrudes from the other side of the gear pin.
4, one end 3a of the connecting rod 3 is connected via a bearing 25
It is rotatably pivotally connected. FIG. 4 shows the dimensional relationship between the above-mentioned components.
First, the outer diameter of the planetary gear 21 (the pitch
Diameter) D₁Is the inner diameter (pitch circle diameter) of the sun gear 20a
D_TwoIs set to の. In other words, the planet
The outer peripheral length of the gear 21 is the outer peripheral length of the sun gear 20a.
It is set to 1/2. The crank arm of the crankshaft 2
11 length L₁(From the axis of the main shaft 10 to the crank pin 12
Of the planetary gear 21) and the rotation center O of the planetary gear 21.
_{twenty one}(The axis of the crankpin 12) to the connecting rod 3
Connection point O_Three(Length of gear pin 24)_TwoIs
It is set properly. In the illustrated embodiment,
Connection point O_ThreeAre arranged on the pitch circle of the planetary gear 21.
You. Thus, the planetary gear 21 makes two rotations.
Rolls one turn on the sun gear 20a, and
O_ThreeHowever, as the planetary gear 21 rolls,
Rotation center O of shaft 2_TwoOn the straight line passing through (the axis of the main shaft 10)
Is set to reciprocate. In this embodiment, the connecting rod
3 is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the piston 15
In connection with being connected, the axis X of the piston 15
(Coincides with the axis of the cylinder inner surface 16a of the cylinder 16)
The rotation center O of the crankshaft 2_TwoThrough the planetary teeth
The circumferential meshing position of the car 21 and the sun gear 20a is also
Node O_ThreeTravel locus coincides with the axis X of the piston 15
It is set as follows. Thus, the rolling of the planetary gear 21
The connecting rod 3 is completely integrated with the piston 15
On the straight line X, that is, the rotation center O of the crankshaft 2_TwoTo
Reciprocating straight line without swinging (swaying) on a straight line
You will be exercising. On the other hand, the crankshaft 2 is also
With the rolling of the gear 21, the rotation center O_TwoRotate around
You. The rotation angle φ of the crankshaft 2 and the piston
The relationship between the ton 15 and the stroke S is shown by the solid line in FIG.
It is represented by the basic form of a sine curve as shown. (Dashed line
Is the movement of the crank). Each of the above-described components constituting the crank device 1 is also described.
The mass distribution of the components is determined by the dynamic balance between the reciprocating and rotating parts.
The rotation center O2 of the crank shaft 2
It is set in consideration of the dynamic balance centered on.
In this case, preferably all of the components
Set to work as rotary inertia force
Is done. In the illustrated embodiment, FIG.
And the rotation center O of the planetary gear 21_{twenty one}Quality of both sides around
So that the amount distribution is equal, and the crankshaft 2
Rotation center O_TwoThe mass distribution on both sides centered on
It is set as follows. Specifically, the reciprocating part (piston 15,
The mass of the connecting rod 3 and the gear pin 24) is W₁This round trip
Of the counterweight (counter balancer) 30 for the moving part
Mass to W_Two, The rotation center O of the planetary gear 21_{twenty one}From gear pin
Up to the mounting position of 24 and counterweight 30
Are defined as A and B, and the rotation part (the reciprocating movement described above)
, Planet gears 21, and counterweights 30)_ThreeThis
The mass of the counterweight 31 with respect to the rotating portion of_Four,
Rotation center O of rank shaft 2_TwoFrom the center of rotation of the planetary gear 21
O_{twenty one}And mounting of the counterweight (counter balancer) 31
Assuming that the respective distances to the breaking position are C and D, W₁× A = W_Two× B ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ W_Three× C = W_Four× D ... The above equation and the relationship of the equation are set so that
I have. In this case, the crank arm 11 and the like
O_TwoWeight balance on both sides in advance
And Thus, the clans constructed as described above
Is applied to, for example, reciprocating gasoline
In this case, as shown in FIG.
Due to the explosive power of gasoline burning in the combustion chamber, the piston
15 moves back and forth linearly between top dead center and bottom dead center.
Movement of the connecting rod 3 integrated with the piston 15 of
The planetary mechanism 4 performs planetary motion, and the crankshaft 2 rotates continuously.
Power is converted to motion (in the figure, (Crankshaft
2 rotation angle φ = 0 ° → (45 °) → (90
゜) → (135 ゜) → (180 ゜) → (2)
25 ゜) → (270 ゜) → (315 ゜) →
The process is repeated in the order of (360 °). ). In this case, the configuration as described above is adopted.
By doing so, the connecting rod 3 is almost horizontally
Completely integrated with piston 15 without swinging
And the rotation center O of the crankshaft 2_TwoStraight line X passing through
Reciprocating linear motion on the axis 15)
Dynamic balance is secured. The reciprocating motion of the connecting rod 3 on the straight line X
(Inclination θ = 0 with respect to the reciprocating direction of the piston 15)
Eccentric load like the conventional crank device
Instead, the piston 15 has a
The last force R (see FIGS. 14 and 15) does not act at all.
No. Therefore, theoretically, the conventional crank device is adopted.
Piston slap does not occur as in
The force acting on the inner surface 16a of the cylinder 16 is a piston
15 only vibration force, noise, cavitation
Power supply and friction loss are greatly reduced.
Achievement efficiency can be greatly improved compared to the conventional one. Further, the planetary gear 21 is taken by the sun gear 20a.
And the rotational inertia of the planetary gear 21 is
The gear can be reliably received by the sun gear 20a.
High efficiency and stable dynamic balance from this point
Is done. In addition, the planetary gear 21 uses
A close meshing state between the gear 21 and the sun gear 20a can be obtained.
The power transmission efficiency is also high. Further, as described above, the crank device 1
Is the center of rotation of the crankshaft 2
O_TwoIs set in consideration of the dynamic balance centered on
Therefore, especially in the illustrated embodiment,
All counter balancers 30, 31 etc.
Because it is set to work as rolling inertia force,
Uniform and stable operation is ensured from the shift range to the high-speed rotation range.
You. Note that the crank device 1 of the present embodiment
The input and output directions can be bidirectional, so
As shown in a specific embodiment,
For internal combustion engines such as sorin engines and steam engines
A device that converts reciprocating motion into rotational motion, and vice versa
In other words, the configuration of the crankshaft
Connect the shaft to the rotating part on the input side and
Connecting the other end of the rod 3 to the reciprocating part on the output side
Reciprocating rotary motion of compressors and pumps
The present invention can be applied to a power conversion device in the same manner. Also, in the present embodiment,
Various design changes are also possible. (1) Rotation center O of planetary gear 21_{twenty one}To connecting rod 3
Node O_ThreeDistance L to_TwoBy adjusting the
Stroke of piston 15 with respect to rotation angle φ of rank shaft 2
Adjust the curve S to adjust the sine curve of FIG.
Optimal for the dynamic characteristics of mechanical devices, such as the characteristics of fuel explosions.
The shape can be set. In this case, connecting rod
3 and piston 15 are connected via a piston pin (not shown)
It is pivotally connected so that it can swing, and the movement trajectory of the connecting rod 3 is also
Instead of a straight line as in the illustrated embodiment,
It becomes a coastline passing by the side. For example, the distance L_TwoBy increasing
The peak and valley of the sine curve rises sharply
(See the dashed line in FIG. 7), and conversely, the distance L₁The size
This reduces the peaks and valleys of the sine curve.
It becomes a gentle curve (not shown). (2) circumferential engagement between the planetary gear 21 and the sun gear 20a
The position is adjustable, and the stroke of the piston 15
S may be variable (see Embodiment 12 described later).
See). Specifically, for example, the fixed internal gear 20 is
It is provided on the rank case 14 so that it can be adjusted and rotated in the circumferential direction.
The configuration in which the circumferential position of the sun gear 20a can be adjusted appropriately
, The sun gear 20a and the planetary gear 21
The meshing position can be relatively adjusted. Again, in this case
As in (1), the connecting rod 3 and the piston 15 are
Pivotally connected via a pin (not shown). (3) In the illustrated embodiment, the simplest structure
Power transmission and high transmission efficiency.
As an optimal structure for the reciprocating engine, the planetary mechanism 4 is fixed.
It comprises a constant internal gear 20 and a planetary gear 21. I
However, without being limited to this, a similar meshing function is provided.
Other structures are also possible. Although not shown, for example, a cylinder of an annular member
A solar member with a chain on the entire inner circumference
And a sprocket as a planetary member meshing with the chain
Combination with keto wheel, or circle of annular member
Thick belt with a toothed belt provided all around the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder
The positive member and the toothed belt (timing belt)
Adopted in combination with pulleys as mating planetary members
Can be done. (4) Further, as described in (3) above, the inner circumference of the cylinder of the solar member and
In addition to the engagement of the outer periphery of the cylindrical member of the planetary
The engagement between the inner circumference of the cylinder and the outer circumference of the planet
There may be no frictional engagement, and this structure is especially
It is effective for power transmission. Specifically, for example, the sun
Both the material and the planetary member, or their engagement surfaces, are made of rubber.
Thus, frictional engagement between rubbers can be employed. Embodiment 2 This embodiment is shown in FIG. 8 and the crank device of the first embodiment.
1 is a two-stroke engine. That is, in this engine,
The rod 3 extends along the axis X of the cylindrical inner surface 16a of the cylinder 16.
The bottom of the cylinder 16 using the linear motion
16b is completely sealed by the seal 90 and the piston 1
5, a preload chamber 9 completely isolated from the crank chamber 91.
2 are formed. In connection with this, connecting rod 3
The cross section has a shape that is easy to seal, for example, a circular shape
Is done. The pistons 93 and 94 each have a piston 15
Shows the scavenging holes and exhaust holes opened and closed by the top and bottom of
I have. Reference numeral 95 denotes an intake pipe.
Opening / closing is controlled by the re-valve 96. This rotary
The hub 96 is rotatably connected to the main shaft 10 of the crankshaft 2,
It opens and closes in synchronization with the reciprocating movement of the piston 15. Thus, as the piston 15 descends,
The air-fuel mixture sucked from the intake pipe 95 into the preload chamber 92 is compressed.
When the piston 15 descends near the bottom dead center,
The air holes 94 and the scavenging holes 93 are opened, and the inside of the preload chamber 92 is opened.
A scavenging action is performed by the air-fuel mixture. Other structures and operations are the same as those of the conventional
It is the same as the cycle engine. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 3 swings.
Because it moves linearly without moving, the lower part of the cylinder 16
A small preload chamber 92 can be formed. This
The capacity of the scheduled pressure chamber 92 is significantly reduced
Thus, a large compression ratio can be obtained. As a result,
The primary pressure is taken out for efficient pumping action.
The characteristics of the two-stroke engine have been significantly
Can be improved. Embodiment 3 This embodiment is shown in FIG.
A cycle engine, further comprising a mechanical supercharger 100
It is provided with. That is, in this engine,
Connecting rod 3 is the inner surface of cylinder 16
Utilizing the linear motion along the axis X of 16a,
The bottom 16b of the cylinder 16 is completely
The pressure chamber 102 is formed in the lower part of the piston 15
Have been. This pressure chamber 102 cooperates with the piston 15
The compressor of the supercharger 100 is configured. 103 is a check valve for intake, 104 is a check valve for supercharging
Stop valve, 105 is an air chamber, 106 is a fuel injection nozzle
, 107 indicates an intake valve and 108 indicates an exhaust valve, respectively.
are doing. Thus, the pressure accompanying the lowering of the piston 15
Due to the contraction of the chamber 102, suction through the check valve 103 for intake is performed.
The injected air is compressed while being checked by the supercharge check valve 104.
Is sent to the air chamber 105 and the fuel injection nozzle
The fuel is mixed with the fuel from the
It is sent into the combustion chamber above the cylinder 16 and the supercharging action is performed.
Will be done. Other structures and functions are the same as those of the conventional supercharging.
And four-stroke engines. In this embodiment, the crank device 1
Using a conventional external drive source using the structure
The compressor can be constructed without any
A four-stroke engine with a small mechanical turbocharger
Can be achieved. The specific configuration of the turbocharger 100 is
Various design changes are possible as well as well-known ones.
As shown in FIG. 10A, the fuel injection nozzle 106 is
Arranged upstream of the check valve 103, the air-fuel mixture is
Or compressed as shown in FIG. 10 (b).
In addition, an intercooler 109 is provided, and the intake air temperature after pressurization
Can be appropriately adopted. Embodiment 4 This embodiment is shown in FIG.
This is a reciprocating single-cylinder compressor. That is, in this compressor,
Again, the connecting rod 3 is located on the inner surface 16 a of the cylinder 16.
Using the linear motion along the axis X, from the outside
From the bottom 16b of the sealed cylinder 16,
3 is projected to the outside through the seal 110 and the piston
5 are formed above and below, respectively.
I get it. A driven pulley is provided on the main shaft 10 of the crankshaft 2.
The driven pulley 113
Is driven by a drive motor 115 via a conduction belt 114.
Driven by drive pulley 116 attached to moving shaft 115a
Are linked. The upper and lower cylinder chambers 111, 112
Include suction valves 111a, 112a and discharge valve 111
b, 112b are respectively provided, through which suction
It is connected to the pipe 117 and the discharge pipe 118. The lower side accompanying the lowering of the piston 15
As the cylinder chamber 112 is reduced, the air introduced here
Is discharged from the discharge valve 112b to the discharge pipe 118 while being compressed.
At this time, the upper cylinder chamber 111
Means that air is conducted from the suction pipe 117 through the suction valve 111a.
Is entered. Subsequently, as the piston 15 rises,
The operation opposite to the above is performed in the Linden chambers 111 and 112.
You. In this embodiment, a conventional reciprocating single air
Two-cylinder chamber structure not possible with a cylinder compressor
Operation similar to a conventional two-cylinder compressor
Efficiency is realized. Embodiment 5 This embodiment is shown in FIG.
Two sets of cylinder compressors arranged vertically above and below crankshaft 2
It is a two-cylinder compressor provided. That is, in this compressor,
A pair of upper and lower pistons 15 is a single drive motor 11.
5 reciprocates. Other structures and operations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
It is like. Embodiment 6 This embodiment is shown in FIG. 13 and includes a high pressure metering pump,
Specifically, it is a fuel injection pump for diesel engines.
You. In the crank device 1 according to the first embodiment,
Circumferential engagement between the planetary gear 21 and the sun gear 20a.
The position of the connecting rod 3 is adjustable.
Plunger 121 pivotally connected via support pin 120
Is variable. That is, the internal gear 20 is
2 to allow the crankcase 14 to rotate in the circumferential direction
The operation lever of the rotation operation unit 122 is provided.
-122a can be rotated by a drive mechanism (not shown)
It has been. Then, the operation lever 122a is rotated as appropriate.
By the dynamic operation, the sun gear 20a of the internal gear 20 and
When the circumferential engagement position of the planetary gear 21 is appropriately adjusted, FIG.
3 (b) and the maximum stroke Smax shown in FIG.
The minimum stroke Smin is adjusted. Pressure of plunger barrel 123
The member 124 connects the suction valve 125a and the discharge valve 126a.
Through each of them, it is connected to the supply pipe 125 and the injection pipe 126.
Has been passed. The main shaft 10 of the crankshaft 2 is shown in FIG.
Not connected to the diesel engine crankshaft
For example, in the case of a 4-cycle engine, this crankshaft
Is driven at a rotation speed of の. Thus, the fuel injection constructed as described above
Injection pump, crankshaft with 1/2 rotation of engine
2, the plunger 121 has a constant reciprocating stroke
S reciprocatingly moves between S and the fuel sucked from the supply pipe 125.
The fuel is compressed, and the fuel pressurized to a predetermined high pressure is discharged.
The pressure is sent from the valve 126a to the injection pipe 126,
The fuel is injected into the combustion chamber from the injection valve. According to the present embodiment, the conventional cam roller
Unlike this type of fuel injection pump with a mechanism,
The jaw 121 is closed through the entire reciprocating stroke S.
Since it is always connected to the rank shaft 2, the conventional cam
There is no hitting sound like hitting the roller,
Low engine noise and low speed
From high to high speed, continuous and smooth, with high driving accuracy
No. The first to the above-described embodiments
6 shows a preferred specific example of the present invention.
The present invention is limited to these embodiments.
Various design changes can be made without departing from the scope. For example, an air compressor provided with the crank device of the present invention
For engines, the number of cylinders is limited to the illustrated example
It can be increased or decreased as needed according to the purpose without
Cylinder arrangement is also series type, horizontal opposed type, V type or star
Any known array such as type can be applied according to the purpose
It is. The present invention also relates to the mechanical device shown in the illustrated example.
Power conversion between conventional reciprocating motion and rotary motion
Is widely applicable to mechanical devices that perform As described in detail above, the crank device of the present invention
The crankshaft connected to the rotating side and the reciprocating side
Connecting rods to be connected and between these crankshafts and connecting rods
And a planetary mechanism interposed in the planetary mechanism.
Is a thick plate arranged concentrically with the rotation center of the crankshaft.
Sun member and planetary part rolling along the inner circumference of this sun member
Material, the outer diameter of this planetary member is the inner diameter of the sun member
Is set to 1/2, and the center of rotation of the planetary member is
When the crank pin of the rank shaft is pivotally connected
In both cases, one end of the connecting rod is turned around the outer periphery of the planetary member.
Pivotally connected pivotally, the mass distribution of each of the above components is
Dynamic balance between reciprocating and rotating parts
This crank device and its use
In the machinery used, various
Effect, and good power transmission efficiency and dynamic balance
Power conversion in both directions, reciprocating motion and rotary motion,
Providing a device with a simple and compact structure
Can be. (1) The sun member of the planetary mechanism rotates the crankshaft.
It is arranged concentrically with the center, along the inner circumference of this solar member
The above-mentioned crankshaft clutch is positioned at the center of rotation of the rolling planetary member.
The link pin is rotatably pivotally connected to the planetary
One end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the outer periphery of the material.
The connection rod is almost swaying to the left and right side because it is connected
With the piston in the reciprocating direction of the piston without
Almost linear motion, stable dynamic balance is secured,
As a result, the unbalanced inertial force of the conventional motion part is the main factor
Vibration and noise that have occurred are greatly reduced. (2) The connecting rod should not swing almost as described above.
Because it moves almost linearly in the reciprocating direction of the piston,
This piston has a thrust force due to gas pressure and inertial force.
Little effect, so-called piston slap
Peg. Also from this point, vibration and noise
Obstacles such as sound, cavitation and friction loss are significantly lower
Is reduced. In particular, the crank arm length of the crank shaft
And a connecting point of the connecting rod from the rotation center of the planetary member.
Are set equal, and this connection point
As the star member rolls, it passes through the rotation center of the crankshaft.
If it is set to move on a straight line,
Because there is no swinging and it cannot swing sideways, the thrust of the piston
Can be completely prevented, and not only low-speed rotation but also high-speed rotation
It can cope with rolling. (3) Compared to this type of conventional crank device,
Dynamic balance is easy and reliable, and in theory
Complete dynamic balance even at higher speeds than before
It becomes possible. (4) Since the connecting rod does not swing sideways, theoretically
There is no bending load, and even considering the effects of other peripheral parts,
It can be made much thinner than before,
Low coefficient of friction because no thrust is applied to the piston
And the piston itself can be made into a short disk shape
From this point, the weight of the reciprocating part can be reduced. Further, the unbalanced inertia force of the moving part, etc.
Therefore, the unbalanced load on the crankshaft is small,
Stricter mechanical strength and rigidity are required compared to the past.
Not to be made much smaller than before
And the weight of the rotary motion part can be reduced. As a result, the overall weight of the apparatus can be significantly reduced.
Possible, and coupled with the above dynamic balance,
It is possible to make the structure optimal for rolling. (5) It is arranged so that the sun member surrounds the planet member,
The rotational inertia of the planet member is reliably received by the sun member
To secure a stable dynamic balance from this point
As well as close engagement between the two.
There is no useless movement. As a result, the power transmission efficiency
While improving the fuel consumption, the fuel efficiency can be greatly improved. (6) The mass distribution of each of the above constituent members is the rotation of the above crankshaft.
It is set in consideration of the dynamic balance centered on the center.
From low speed to high speed.
Driving is ensured. In particular, everything provided for each component
The counterbalance of the
If it is set, a greater effect can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a basic structure of a crank device according to a first embodiment of the present invention by partially cutting out the basic structure. FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the basic structure. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the basic structure. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a dimensional relationship among components of the same basic structure. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining mass distribution of each component of the basic structure. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of an exercise process when the basic structure is applied to a reciprocating gasoline engine. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotation angle of a crankshaft and a stroke of a piston in the basic structure. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a basic structure of a two-cycle engine that is Embodiment 2 according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic structure of a four-cycle engine with a mechanical supercharger according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a modified example of a supercharger in the four-cycle engine. FIG. 15 (a) shows a modified arrangement of fuel injection nozzles, and FIG. 15 (b) has an intercooler. Are shown. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic structure of a single-cylinder compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic structure of a two-cylinder compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic structure of a fuel injection pump for a diesel engine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 (a) is a side sectional view, and FIG. 18 (b) is a front view at the time of a maximum stroke. FIG. FIG. 14 is a front sectional view showing a basic structure of a general reciprocating gasoline engine provided with a conventional crank device. FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing a basic structure of a modified example of a diesel engine provided with a conventional crank device. [Description of Signs] 1 Crank device 2 Crank shaft 3 Connecting rod (Connecting rod) 4 Planetary mechanism 5 Reciprocating cylinder device 10 Main shaft of crank shaft 11 Crank arm 12 Crank pin 15 Piston 16 Cylinder 20 Fixed internal gear (sun member) 20a Sun gear 21 planetary gear (planet member) 24 gear pin 41 drive gear (crank arm) 42 output shaft 52 output shaft 62 output shaft 72 crank shaft 74 gear pin 82 crank pin 121 plunger D ₁ outer diameter D of planetary gear ₂ sun gear Inner diameter L ₁ Length of crank arm L ₂ Distance from rotation center of planetary gear to connecting point of connecting rod O ₂₁ Center of rotation of planetary gear O ₂ Center of rotation of crankshaft O ₃ Connecting point of connecting rod

Claims (1)

(1) A device applied to a power conversion portion for reciprocating motion and rotational motion, comprising: a main shaft supported by a bearing at a base end; A crankshaft having a crank arm extending in a radial direction, a connecting rod connected to a reciprocating side at a front position on the tip side of the crankshaft, and a planetary mechanism interposed between the crankshaft and the connecting rod. The planetary mechanism comprises: a sun member fixedly disposed concentrically with the rotation center of the crankshaft; and a planetary member rolling along an inner periphery of the sun member, and an outer diameter of the planetary member. Is set to の of the inner diameter of the sun member, and a crank pin at the tip of the crank arm is rotatably connected to the center of rotation of one side surface of the planet member, and the outer peripheral portion of the planet member On the gear pin protruding from the side One end of the connecting rod is rotatably pivotally connected so that the reciprocating trajectory of one end of the connecting rod traverses the circular rotation trajectory of the crankpin. Is set so that the balance between the rotating part and the rotating part can be achieved , and the circumferential engagement position between the planetary member and the sun member is adjustable.
Crank apparatus characterized by being with.