JP3411696B2 - Whey mineral composition, method for producing the composition and use of the composition - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a whey mineral composition which promotes absorption of calcium, a method for producing the composition, and a calcium absorption-promoting food and a calcium absorption promoter containing the composition as an active ingredient.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art According to the National Nutrition Survey, the intake of calcium by Japanese people has never exceeded the required amount, and nearly half of the people are below the required amount by more than 20%. Milk and dairy products are one of the easiest calcium supplement sources, but there is a limit to the increase in intake from the viewpoint of palatability and lactose intolerance. In addition, increased intake of milk and cheese leads to increased intake of fat and protein, and is not always preferentially selected as a calcium source in relation to adult diseases.

Therefore, attempts have been made to separate or concentrate calcium in milk. For example, calcium dissociated from casein micelles is transferred to whey obtained by adding an acid to a milk material such as milk or by fermenting it.
78644, JP-A-60-232052,
JP-A-63-87944, JP-A-2-10715
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-107156). Hereinafter, the mineral composition recovered from whey is referred to as whey mineral composition.

[0004]

The main inorganic substance in whey mineral compositions is calcium phosphate, but not only such minerals are contained in the composition,
Other milk components coexist. The type and composition of the milk component contained in the whey mineral composition depends on the characteristics of the whey as a raw material or the method of recovering the minerals.

In addition, the inventors of the present invention conducted an animal test on the availability of calcium in the minerals recovered from whey, and found that the availability of calcium varies depending on the composition of the whey mineral composition. It was shown that. Conventionally, it has been shown that milk and dairy products are effective as calcium supplements not only because of their high calcium content, but also because of the presence of factors that enhance the availability of calcium. It is known that casein phosphopeptide produced when casein, which is a major milk protein, is digested promotes calcium absorption. However, it was suggested that the whey mineral composition recovered from whey involves factors other than lactose and casein phosphopeptides.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to investigate such factors to obtain a whey mineral composition having high calcium utilization,
It is intended to provide a method for producing the composition, and a calcium absorption-promoting food and a calcium absorption promoter containing the composition as an active ingredient.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies for solving the above problems, the present inventors have found that when a whey mineral composition is produced, a small amount of milk lipid contained in whey together with minerals. By recovering 1α, 25-
The present invention was completed by finding that dihydroxycholecalciferol can also be recovered and that a whey mineral composition containing 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol has an effect of improving calcium absorption and bone formation. did.

The present invention provides a whey mineral composition containing 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol derived from milk. Further, the present invention, a step of adsorbing and separating a protein from whey by contacting whey and an ion exchanger, and concentrating the protein separation liquid obtained by the step,
Provided is a method for producing the above whey mineral composition, which has a step of filtering and separating lactose deposited by cooling.

Further, the present invention comprises a step of bringing whey and an ion exchanger into contact with each other to adsorb and separate a protein from the whey, and adjusting the pH of the protein separation solution obtained in the step to 5 to 9 for microfiltration. Provided is a method for producing the above whey mineral composition, which comprises a step of separating lactose using a membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing the above whey mineral composition, which comprises a step of adjusting whey to pH 5 to 9 and simultaneously separating protein and lactose using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane.

Further, the present invention provides a calcium absorption-promoting food containing the whey mineral composition as an active ingredient.
Further, the present invention provides a calcium absorption enhancer containing the whey mineral composition as an active ingredient. 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is one of the active vitamin D ₃ produced by metabolism of cholecalciferol (vitamin D ₃ ) in the body, and promotes absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract to increase plasma calcium. It works to increase.
It has already been reported that milk contains this 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (Takeuc
hi et al., Journal of Micronutrient Analysis4 (198
8), 193-208). 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is believed to behave predominantly with milk fat in various dairy products.

Since the whey mineral composition of the present invention contains 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol together with the mineral, it is possible to promote the absorbability of calcium and improve the calcium utilization. In addition, 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is 1 pg to 1 μg per 1 g of the whey mineral composition of the present invention.
Is preferably contained in the range of 10 pg.
It is preferably contained in the range of up to 100 ng. 1
If the content of α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is too low, the absorbability of calcium cannot be promoted so much.

The solid content of the whey mineral composition of the present invention is slightly different depending on the animal species, the breeding environment, etc. and the whey used as a raw material, but in addition to 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, Lipids 0.1 to 20% by weight, lactose 2 to 60% by weight, protein 10 to 60% by weight,
It contains about 20-40% by weight of ash (about 1-10% by weight of calcium, about 0.3-10% by weight of phosphorus).

The whey used as a raw material in the production of the whey mineral composition of the present invention includes cheese whey and rennet casein which are by-produced in the production of natural cheese such as cheddar and gouda. Sweet whey such as rennet whey that grows, and acid whey that is a by-product when producing casein hydrochloride, casein sulfate, and the like are used. The composition of the present invention can be produced, for example, as follows. First, whey is brought into contact with an ion exchanger to adsorb and remove proteins contained in whey. When a cation exchanger is used as the ion exchanger, it is usually contacted at pH 2-6. When an anion exchanger is used as the ion exchanger, it is usually contacted at pH 5-9. Examples of the pH adjuster used for pH adjustment include inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, and acids such as citric acid and organic acids such as acetic acid,
For example, bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide can be used, but are not limited to these. Incidentally, since the whey as a raw material of the whey mineral composition of the present invention is acidic, when using a cation exchanger as an ion exchanger, the pH adjuster is more than when using an anion exchanger. It is preferable to use a cation exchanger industrially because a small amount is required. Further, as a method of contacting the whey and the ion exchanger, a method of removing the exchanger after mixing the whey and the ion exchanger in a container, or a method of passing whey through a column filled with the exchanger Etc. Then, concentrate the obtained protein separation liquid (usually solid content of 30-60
Concentrate to%. ), And cooling (usually, it cools to 0-5 degreeC), the finely powdered lactose is added as needed, and the lactose which precipitated is separated by filtration. The composition of the present invention can be produced by concentrating and drying the obtained filtrate. Concentration of the filtrate is performed by adding ion-exchanged water to the filtrate to dilute it and then concentrating it again. Also, the drying is
For example, freeze-drying or the like is performed.

In the whey mineral composition of the present invention, the protein separation solution obtained by treating whey with an ion exchanger as described above is adjusted to a pH of 5 to 9, and is used as a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafilter. It can be produced by concentrating the solution about 10 times using a filtration membrane, separating lactose, adding ion-exchanged water to the resulting concentrated solution, concentrating again, and drying by freeze-drying or the like. it can. The pH of the protein separation solution is adjusted to 5 to 9 before performing the membrane treatment with the above microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane in order to increase the calcium content in the obtained whey mineral composition. Because it is necessary to adjust the pH to 5 to 9 and convert calcium into the form of colloidal calcium. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. are used for pH adjustment. As the filtration membrane, a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane is used, and preferably an ultrafiltration membrane is used. As the microfiltration membrane, one having an average pore diameter of usually 0.05 to 10 μm, preferably 0.1 to 3 μm is used. As the ultrafiltration membrane, one having a molecular weight cutoff of usually 1000 to 300,000, preferably 10000 to 300,000 is used.

Further, the whey mineral concentrate of the present invention adjusts whey to pH 5 to 9 and increases the whey by about 10 times by using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, preferably a microfiltration membrane. It can be produced by concentrating and separating proteins and lactose at the same time, adding ion-exchanged water to the obtained concentrated solution, concentrating again, and drying by freeze-drying or the like. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. are used for pH adjustment.
As the filtration membrane, use a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane,
A microfiltration membrane is preferably used. As the microfiltration membrane and the ultrafiltration membrane, those having an average pore diameter and a cut-off molecular weight in the above ranges are used.

The whey mineral composition of the present invention has a high calcium absorbability due to 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol contained therein, independently of the calcium absorbability based on the solubility of the calcium salt itself. . Therefore, when the whey mineral composition of the present invention is used as a food additive for functional foods or health foods, it is possible to promote calcium absorption in infants, growing children, adolescents, adults and the elderly. It is also useful as an additive for animal feed.

Further, the whey mineral composition of the present invention is also useful as a pharmaceutical for promoting calcium absorption for patients with calcium malabsorption, osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. In that case, the whey mineral composition of the present invention is formulated and orally administered. Examples of dosage forms include solutions, suspensions, capsules, powders, granules, fine granules, tablets and the like. Further, in the case of formulation, additives such as a solvent, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a buffer, a stabilizer, an excipient, a binder, a disintegrant and a lubricant can be used. The dosage of the preparation is usually in the range of about 1 mg to 10 g / kg (body weight) of the composition weight per day for an adult. Since the whey mineral composition of the present invention is recovered from whey obtained from a milk material such as milk, a calcium absorption promoter containing such a composition as an active ingredient is highly safe.

[0018]

Example 1 A tank was washed with a 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution,
Put 4L cation exchanger (Indion S3, made by Life Technology Inc.) thoroughly washed with deionized water, pour 20L Gouda cheese whey into it, and add 6N sulfuric acid while stirring the mixture in the tank. The pH was adjusted to 3.0. The cation exchanger was filtered off, and the filtrate was concentrated to a solid content of 40% with an evaporator. Next, a small amount of micronized lactose was added as a seed of crystals, and the concentrated liquid was cooled to 2 ° C. and left to stand to crystallize lactose. The crystallized lactose was filtered off and the filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain 350 g of a whey mineral composition. The composition of the composition is shown in Table 1.

Lipids were extracted from 10 g of the obtained composition with methanol: chloroform (2: 1) and purified with an organic solvent according to the method of Yamaoka et al. (Journal of Bone and Metabolism 3 (1985), 127-132). Silica gel column (Sep-pak silic
a, manufactured by Waters Inc.), and the content of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was measured by a radioreceptor assay (1,25VD kit “Medji”, manufactured by Nippon Mediphysics Co., Ltd.). Composition 100g
It was about 880 pg.

[0020]

[Table 1]

Example 2 The filtrate obtained by treatment with a cation exchanger in the same manner as in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 8. with a 6N sodium hydroxide solution.
Adjusted to 0, ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 20,000 (manufactured by DDS, LAB20072, GR61PP, membrane area 0.36
m ² ) and concentrated 10 times. A 10-fold amount of ion-exchanged water was added to the obtained concentrated liquid, the mixture was concentrated again 10-fold at pH 8.0 and freeze-dried to obtain 100 g of a whey mineral composition. The composition of the composition is shown in Table 2.

When the content of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was measured by the same method as in Example 1,
It was 2.6 ng per 100 g of whey mineral composition.

[0023]

[Table 2]

Example 3 200 L of Gouda cheese whey was adjusted to pH 8.0 with 6N sodium hydroxide solution, and a microfiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.2 μm (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corp., High Sepa Unit MFS-07 type, membrane MFS) was used. -101 (F5202), membrane area 2.7 m ² ) concentrated 10 times. Ion-exchanged water 18 was added to the obtained concentrate.
0 L was added, the mixture was concentrated 10 times again at pH 8.0, and freeze-dried to obtain 600 g of a whey mineral composition. The composition of the composition is shown in Table 3.

When the content of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was measured by the same method as in Example 1,
It was 2.4 ng per 100 g of whey mineral composition.

[0026]

[Table 3]

Comparative Example 1 100 L of quark cheese whey was subjected to an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 20000 (LAB20072, GR61P manufactured by DDS).
P, membrane area 0.36 m ² ) and concentrated 10 times, and the permeate was adjusted to pH 6.8 with 10N sodium hydroxide solution. The formed precipitate was centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain 200 g of a whey mineral composition. The composition of the composition is shown in Table 4.

When the content of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was measured by the same method as in Example 1,
1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was below the detection limit (0.4 pg / g).

[0029]

[Table 4]

Example 5 The whey mineral composition obtained in Example 2 (referred to as whey mineral composition A) and the whey mineral composition obtained in Comparative Example 1 (referred to as whey mineral composition B). ) And calcium carbonate were used as the calcium source for the rat powder feed, respectively. The calcium level of the feed was 0.5%, and the ingredients other than minerals were AIN-76 (Journal of Nutriti).
on, 107 (1977), 1340-1348).

These diets were fed to 58-week-old female Wistar rats that had been ovariectomized and bred, and the bone mineral content of the femurs at 1 week after breeding and at 4 weeks after breeding was measured by dual energy X.
Bone mineral content measuring device by X-ray absorption method (DCS-
600). The number of animals in each group was 8. As a result, it was found that the rats fed with the whey mineral composition B had almost the same amount as the decrease in the bone mineral content of the control group using calcium carbonate as a calcium source, while the rats fed with the whey mineral composition A had a 4-week feeding period. As with the sham-operated group, almost no decrease in bone mineral content was observed in the eyes (Table 5). Moreover, no abnormality was observed in the rats given the whey mineral composition A.

[0032]

[Table 5]

Acute toxicity test Using 7-week-old male and female SD rats, an acute toxicity test was carried out by oral administration of 30% distilled water suspension of the whey mineral composition obtained in Example 2 once. 20 g / kg of the suspension
The mice were forcibly administered with a dose of (body weight) and observed for 14 days, but all showed normal growth and no deaths occurred. No abnormal findings were observed.

[0034]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The whey mineral composition of the present invention has a high calcium utilization because the absorption of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol promotes calcium absorption. Therefore, the whey mineral composition of the present invention,
It is useful as foods such as functional foods and health foods for improving calcium absorption and bone metabolism, animal feeds, and pharmaceuticals.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C07C 401/00 C07C 401/00 (72) Inventor Yu Kuwata 1-21-3 Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Co., Ltd. Nutrition Science In the laboratory (56) Reference JP 5-7474 (JP, A) JP 63-87945 (JP, A) JP 4-173051 (JP, A) JP 3-83564 (JP, A) ) JP-A 2-154639 (JP, A) JP-A-63-87944 (JP, A) JP-A-1-168693 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23C 1/00-23/00 Food related literature information (food net)

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. Milk lipid 0.1 to 20% by weight (however, 1.7% by weight)
Except for the following) and protein 10-60% by weight (however, 20% by weight
A whey mineral composition comprising the following), and containing 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the range of 1 pg to 1 μg per 1 g of the composition. 2. A step of contacting whey with an ion exchanger to adsorb and separate proteins from whey, and a step of concentrating and cooling the protein separation liquid obtained in the step to separate lactose deposited by filtration. , Having a step of adding ion-exchanged water to the filtrate obtained by these steps for dilution and then concentrating again.
Composition 1 α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol 1
A method for producing a whey mineral composition containing 1 pg to 1 µg per g. 3. A step of adsorbing and separating a protein from whey by bringing whey and an ion exchanger into contact with each other, adjusting the pH of the protein separation solution obtained by the step to 5 to 9, and performing microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration. The method has a step of separating lactose using a membrane and a step of adding ion-exchanged water to the concentrated solution obtained by these steps, diluting it, and then concentrating again. 1 pg of 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol per 1 g of the composition The manufacturing method of the whey mineral composition contained in the range of ~ 1 μg. 4. A step of adjusting whey to pH 5 to 9 and simultaneously separating proteins and lactose using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, adding ion-exchanged water to the concentrate obtained in the step 1α, 25-, which has a step of diluting and then concentrating again
A method for producing a whey mineral composition containing dihydroxycholecalciferol in the range of 1 pg to 1 µg per 1 g of the composition. 5. A whey mineral composition containing 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the range of 1 pg to 1 μg per 1 g of the composition, which is obtained by the method according to any one of claims 2 to 4. . 6. The whey mineral composition according to claim 5, which further comprises 0.1 to 20% by weight of milk lipid and 10 to 60% by weight of protein. 7. A calcium absorption-promoting food containing the whey mineral composition according to claim 1, 5 or 6 as an active ingredient. 8. A calcium absorption enhancer comprising the whey mineral composition according to claim 1, 5 or 6 as an active ingredient.