JP3326038B2 - Magnetic processing unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for magnetically treating water, a liquid mainly composed of water, or an organic liquid containing these liquids.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Magnetically treated water or liquids mainly composed of water, or organic liquids containing these liquids, collectively called magnetic water, is used for service water, measures against red water and red rust in pipes, scale and sludge control, agriculture, Promotion of plant growth in horticulture,
Preservation of food freshness in food production, promotion of aquaculture of fish and shellfish,
Promotion of concrete solidification and strength in construction and civil engineering,
It is known that it can be used for improvement in a wide range of fields, such as control of foam volume and stability in foam utilization technology, and improvement of combustion efficiency by fuel oil reforming. ("YM Sokolisky. Magnetized water. Leningrad [Himiya] 1990.
(Japanese translation: Nisso News Agency, New Japan Cast Forging Association, 199
1. )) And "Ve Klassen. Magnetic treatment of water. Moscow [Himiya] 1982. (Japanese translation: Japan-Soviet Correspondent, New Japan Cast Forging Association, 1984.)").

[0003] The reason for application to the above-mentioned applications is that the so-called Lorentz force is generated by applying a magnetic field at right angles in the flow of the liquid to be treated containing various positive and negative ions and charged particles such as charged fine particles. Occurs, and the Lorentz force does not act on neutral liquid molecules but acts only on charged particles, so that the liquid molecules and the charged particles cause relative motion and even collisions, and therefore various atoms in the liquid. Since the structure of the liquid changes due to changes in the structure such as the arrangement and distribution of the liquid, various factors such as an increase in density, surface tension, viscosity, dielectric constant, electrolyte dissolution rate, etc., or a decrease in electrical conductivity, gas solubility, etc. This is because the effect described above occurs.

That is, according to the above-mentioned documents, (1) The fluid called water holds a tetrahedral arrangement of water molecules and a framework of an ice crystal lattice with free voids inside the tetrahedron.
(Hence, non-dense and brittle) ice crystals and amorphous phase denser than ice crystals without water molecules distributed randomly, (2) Effectiveness of the voids of the ice crystals The radius is 1.4 °, and the various effects described above occur when various charged particles in the fluid interact with the voids.In order to generate the Lorentz force that induces the interaction, the charged particles are charged. A magnetic process for applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid containing particles is applied. (3) As a condition of the magnetic process, the flow velocity of the flow of the liquid to be processed is v = 0.5 to 2.5 m / s The magnetic field strength of the formed magnetic field is B = 0.7 ~
2.0 kG is optimal, the charged particles of interest are most cations and a small fraction of anions, the concentration limit of the particles is less than 2 mol / l, (4) Deriving from considerations about the path of the free range of the ions and the radius of the cycloid motion of the ions due to the Lorentz force, the applied magnetic field is a plurality of alternating magnetic fields that are reversed with respect to the flow of the liquid, provided that the reversed magnetic field comrades adjacent are mutually far effective that no magnetic field lines therebetween away and hits the applying result, the magnetic treatment to improve the wide field of the studies described above (5), liquid The types of charged particles are different, the types of charged particles (including complexed ones) and the concentrations are various, and the intended and expected effects are also various. Will be trial and error To have, to have been proposed.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A magnetic processing apparatus for forming and applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of a liquid containing charged particles is required to improve and secure the various effects of magnetic processing. Various studies have been conducted in various fields, but no remarkable results have yet been obtained. In other words, the target of magnetic treatment is a wide variety, such as the type of liquid to be treated, the type and concentration of charged particles contained, and the desired effect. On the other hand, the conditions of the magnetic treatment are only given the flow velocity v of the liquid to be treated, the magnetic field strength B of the formed magnetic field, and the number of reversals of the alternating magnetic field, and cannot be said to be sufficient.

Accordingly, measures to improve and secure the effect of the magnetic treatment include using a large number of high-performance or complicated-shaped magnets (often expensive) in order to form an optimal magnetic field. Despite increasing the flow velocity of the flow of the liquid to be processed (increased cost due to the equipment being increased due to the pump-up), it is necessary to increase the magnetic field strength or the flow velocity of the liquid to increase the flow rate. There is a problem that the optimal magnetic processing conditions cannot be obtained for the liquid to be processed, and the desired effect cannot be obtained in many cases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems of the magnetic processing, and the effect of the magnetic processing for applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be processed containing charged particles can be improved and the stability can be ensured. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic processing apparatus that can be used for improvement in the above-mentioned wide fields.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted various studies on the flow of a target liquid and the conditions of magnetic processing for the flow, and as a result, have found that a specific reversal rate of change in the magnetic field strength is obtained. By forming the alternating magnetic field having, it is found that the effect of the magnetic processing of applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated containing charged particles is improved and the effect is ensured. It has become possible to realize a magnetic processing apparatus that can be used for improvement of the present invention, and has completed the present invention.

That is, according to the present invention, a plurality of magnetic fields in a direction perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated containing charged particles are formed along the flow direction and are alternately reversed in sequence.
A magnetic processing apparatus for applying an alternating magnetic field, wherein a reversal change rate (ΔB / Δx) of a magnetic field intensity of the alternating magnetic field with respect to the unit length in the flow direction is 5 kG / cm or more. It is.

[0010] Further, according to the present invention, in the above configuration,
The liquid to be processed flows through a space in which a pair of permanent magnets each having a constant thickness and magnetized in the thickness direction are separated and arranged in the same magnetization direction, and the magnetic field in the perpendicular direction is generated in the space. A magnetic processing device characterized by being formed by
Distance (m) between adjacent permanent magnets forming the alternating magnetic field
And the ratio of the facing distance (g) between the pair of permanent magnets (m /
g) is 0.5 to 1.5, and a magnetic processing apparatus is also proposed.

An example of the magnetic processing apparatus for applying the alternating magnetic field according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1B which shows a cross section parallel to the flow of the magnetic processing apparatus. Magnetic field H ₁ perpendicular to the flow
Is formed, and a plurality of magnetic fields (in the case of the magnetic fields H ₂ and H ₃ , respectively, are shown) by a plurality of magnets (a pair of magnets 2, 2 ′ and 3, 3 ′ are shown in the figure). Are formed in tandem with the flow direction,
The magnetic field directions are sequentially and alternately reversed by sequentially and alternately reversing the magnetization directions of the pair of magnets forming the magnetic field.

A description will be given of an example of a magnetic field formed by a plurality of magnets as described above, ie, a magnetic field intensity distribution of an alternating magnetic field. As shown in FIG.
₀ , −B ₀ , and a plurality of extreme values B ₀ , −B ₀ (in the figure, B ₀ : 2, −B) from the origin O (the entrance of the flow to which the magnetic field is applied) in the flow direction (length x). ₀ : 1), and intersects with the x-axis at a plurality of points (x = 1 and 2 in the figure; both are standardized positions) other than the origin. That is, the magnetic field strength B is reversed at the intersection with the x-axis, and the magnitude of the reversal is called a reversal change rate (ΔB / Δx) in the present invention, and the reversal change rate is the magnetic field strength B with respect to the x-axis. It is given by the magnitude of the slope at the intersection of the curves. In FIG. 1A, the solid line is 1.5 g ≧ m ≧ 0.5 g, and the alternate long and short dash line is m <0.5.
g and the broken line represent cases where 1.5g <m.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned reverse change rate is
The reason that ΔB / Δx is 5 kG / cm or more is as follows.
If it is less than kG / cm, the effect of the magnetic treatment of applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated containing charged particles is insufficient and unstable. If it exceeds 50 kG / cm, the extreme value B ₀ or −B _{0 of} the magnetic field intensity is restricted and reduced, or the magnetic field forming space is narrowed, so that it cannot be applied to a wide variety of objects, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned pair of magnets forming a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the flow are a pair of permanent magnets as shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 2, respectively. 1B are permanent magnets 1, 1 ', 2, 2', and 3, 3 '), each of which is magnetized in the d direction in a rectangular parallelepiped having a thickness d, a length 1 in the flow direction, and a width b, each having the same magnetization direction. , A pair of permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to each other with an interval m, and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in series in the flow direction. In the drawing, thick arrows indicate the magnetization directions. In FIGS. 2 to 5, a cross in a circle indicates that the liquid flows from the near side to the far side.

In the present invention, the shape and arrangement of the permanent magnets are such that the shape as viewed in the flow direction of the liquid to be treated as shown in FIG. When viewed in the flow direction of the liquid to be treated as shown in FIG. 4, the interval is g (in the figure, g, g ′, g ″,.
And a plurality of permanent magnets (1, 1 ', 1 ", ... in the figure)
5, two cylindrical permanent magnets (1, 1 ') having the same thickness and different radial magnetizations as viewed in the flow direction of the liquid to be treated as shown in FIG. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the components are coaxially arranged with the interval g kept in the same magnetization direction.

Further, as another shape and arrangement of the permanent magnets, when the flow direction of the liquid to be treated changes as shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the pair of permanent magnets in the flow direction is similar to the flow. A configuration in which the pair of permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other while maintaining a gap g, and a plurality of permanent magnets are continuously arranged along the flow (in the drawing, the change in the flow direction is within the plane where the magnetic field is formed; 1) as shown in FIG.
Although one of the pair of permanent magnets having the configuration shown in is omitted, since an external magnetic field is generated in the magnetization direction of the magnet,
Configuration perpendicular magnetic field to the flow direction of the liquid to be treated is formed (respective magnetic fields H ₁₁ and permanent magnets 11, 12 and 13 in _{FIG, H 11 ', H 12,} H 12', H 13, H 13 ') Can be adopted.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, a magnetic field formed outside by the magnetization of one permanent magnet becomes perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid to be treated at the end of the magnet, and Since both ends have different polarities, an alternating magnetic field is formed (in the figure, permanent magnets 21 and 22 and respective magnetic fields H ₂₁ , H ₂₁ ′, H ₂₂ , and H ₂₂ ′). FIG. as shown, to stabilize the distribution of magnetic field strength B in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the extreme value B _0, in order to secure a large -B _0, in which a plurality of continuously arranged a magnet array of the permanent magnets from the outside A configuration coated with a yoke can be applied, and is appropriately selected according to various uses, purposes, and economical convenience in a wide range of fields.

In the present invention, the ratio (m / g) of the distance m between the adjacent permanent magnets and the distance g between the pair of permanent magnets is 0.5 to 1.5. If it is less than 5, as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 1A, it interferes with the adjacent magnetic field to increase the magnetic leakage and reduce the extreme value B ₀ or −B _{0 of the} magnetic field strength, and exceeds 1.5. And Figure 1
As indicated by the broken line A, the linearity of the change in the magnetic field strength in the flow direction is impaired, and the above-mentioned predetermined reverse change rate cannot be secured.

[0019]

The magnetic treatment in which a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated containing charged particles is alternately applied is to make the cycloid motion of the charged particles due to the Lorentz force more effective and to apply the Lorentz force Liquid, that is, the interaction with the icy crystal and the voids is further increased, and even if a small amount of magnetic field lines are allowed between the reversing adjacent magnetic fields, the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field The cycloid motion of the charged particles can be made even more effective by increasing the reversal change rate of the charged particles.

By reversing the applied magnetic field, the cycloidal motion of the charged particles is reversed in direction, so that the charged particles interact with the ice and the voids in the course of this direction reversal. That is, the impact force is strongly received. However, the shorter the process of reversing the direction of the cycloid motion, that is, the greater the reversal change rate, the more the reversal of the direction occurs, and the greater the interaction, that is, the greater the impact force.

As described above, the magnetic processing conditions include the magnetic field strengths B ₀ , −B ₀ , the number of reversals of the alternating magnetic field, the type of the liquid to be processed and the flow velocity v, and the type and concentration of the charged particles contained therein. If the reversal rate of change of the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field is formed large in addition to the above, the various effects described above can be improved and ensured.

By the way, in the liquid which is applied to improve the practical application, the desired effect of the magnetic processing needs to be uniform, and therefore the degree of the magnetic processing to be performed, that is, the above-described magnetic processing Conditions must be uniform. However, each of the pair of permanent magnets has a magnet thickness d.
Are uniformly magnetized in the thickness direction, each have a magnet width b and a length 1 in the flow direction, and are arranged opposite to each other in the same magnetization direction with an interval g therebetween, so that an interval perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated is provided. In the cross section (b × g), the magnetic field strength B and the flow velocity v of the liquid become uniform, and the same pair of permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to each other with an interval m. As a result, the alternating magnetic field and the number of reversals and the rate of change of reversal become uniform with respect to the cross section extending along the flow of the interval cross section.

Thus, if the alternating magnetic field and its reverse change rate become uniform, and the ratio m / g of the adjacent distance m and the opposed distance g with respect to the magnet arrangement becomes 0.5 to 1.5, the magnetic field intensity B Has a large and uniform extremum B ₀ , −B ₀ , and alternates uniformly in the flow direction between the extremums B ₀ , −B ₀ , and further, at a plurality of points with respect to the flow. Obviously, the X-axis is crossed linearly and uniformly, so that the reversal rate of change of the magnetic field strength B at the intersection with the x-axis is very large. Therefore, the effect of the magnetic treatment of applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of the liquid to be treated containing charged particles can be improved, the stability can be ensured, and a magnetic treatment apparatus that can be used for improvement in the above-mentioned wide field can be realized. Needless to say.

[0024]

【Example】

Example The magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 9 described above was manufactured with the following specifications. Magnetic fields H ₁ , H ₂ , H ₃ applied by the magnetic processing apparatus at right angles to the flow of the liquid to be treated are formed by permanent magnets 1, 1 ', 2, 2' and 3, 3 ', respectively. Have the following characteristics: remanent magnetization Br = 11.2 kG, coercive force iHc = 21 kOe, (Sumitomo Special Metals: NEOMA)
X-30SH), magnet dimensions, arrangement, etc., thickness d = 9m
m, flow direction length l = 11 mm, width b = 30 mm, thickness direction magnetization, facing distance g = 6 mm, adjacent distance m = 5 mm,
Further, the magnet row was covered from the outside with a soft iron plate having a thickness of 4 mm to form a yoke. The extreme value B ₀ of the magnetic field strength B due to the magnetic fields H ₁ and H ₃ , the extreme value −B ₀ of the magnetic field strength B due to the magnetic field H ₂ , and the reversal change rate of the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field formed by the above configuration Table 1 shows ΔB / Δx.

Using the above-mentioned magnetic treatment apparatus, the degree of the effect of the service water and the red water countermeasures of the piping was investigated. That is, a commercially available glass tube is used to form a closed line 5 system, and a commercially available iron wire (purity 96.5%, size 1 mmφ ×
57 mm), and as shown in FIG. 9, a part of the pipe system 5 is passed through the space between the magnetic processing devices to make the difference in the effect of the magnetic processing remarkable in the closed pipe 5. In order to accelerate, 150 ml of a 3 wt% saline solution as a liquid to be treated is just filled without excess and shortage, and a commercially available plastic pump (not shown) which is already provided is driven to flow the saline solution at a flow rate v = 0. Circulation was performed at 5 m / s for 24 hours. The amount of iron dissolved in the saline solution thus treated is
The measurement was performed by a known method using an absorptiometer. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example A magnetic processing apparatus manufactured for comparison was manufactured under the same manufacturing conditions as the above-described embodiment except that the distance between adjacent permanent magnets was changed to m = 12 mm. In the same manner as in the example, the degree of the effect of the water and the piping on the countermeasures against red water, that is, the amount of iron dissolved in the saline solution was investigated. The extreme value B ₀ of the magnetic field intensity of the alternating magnetic field by the magnetic processing device, the extreme value −
Table 1 shows B ₀ and the reversal change rate ΔB / Δx, and the results of the investigation.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE For control, Table 1 shows the results of measurement of the amount of iron dissolved in saline, which was investigated in the same manner as in Example except that the magnetic treatment apparatus was not used.

In the embodiment, the flow of the liquid to be treated such as the kind of liquid to be treated, the kind and concentration of charged particles contained therein, the flow velocity of the liquid, and the like, are the same as those of the comparative example. The conditions of conventional magnetic treatment, such as the number of reversals and extreme values of the magnetic field strength, are the same, but as is clear from Table 1, the amount of iron dissolved in the liquid to be treated is significantly reduced. However, it was confirmed that the measures for red water in the water and piping were improved.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

According to the present invention, an alternating magnetic field formed by forming a plurality of magnetic fields in a direction perpendicular to the flow of a liquid to be treated containing charged particles is applied along the flow, and the number of reversals of the alternating magnetic field can be reduced. The magnetic processing apparatus in which the extreme value of the magnetic field strength is optimally given and the reversal change rate of the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field with respect to the unit length in the flow direction is 5 kG / cm or more, is caused by the generation of the charged particles by the so-called Lorentz force. The effect of the magnetic treatment that applies a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow of a wide variety of liquids can be improved, making the cycloid movement of the liquid crystal more effective, and strongly inducing the interaction or collision with the liquid molecules. It can be secured and used for improvement in the above-mentioned broad fields.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a graph illustrating the magnetic field intensity distribution of an alternating magnetic field and showing the relationship of the magnetic field intensity to the flow direction. FIG. 1A is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic processing apparatus that applies an alternating magnetic field of B. Is shown corresponding to a cross-sectional view parallel to the flow.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, showing a case of a pair of rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, showing a case of a pair of bow-shaped permanent magnets.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, and shows a case of a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, and shows a case of two cylindrical permanent magnets.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of permanent magnets of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, showing a case where a plurality of bow-shaped permanent magnets are arranged in a ring shape.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, in a case where a plurality of the permanent magnets are connected in series in order to use an external magnetic field in a magnetization direction of the rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnet; Is shown.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a plurality of permanent magnets magnetized in a flow direction of a liquid to be treated are used to utilize external magnetic fields at both ends of the permanent magnet. Shows the case where the magnets are connected in series.

9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration such as a shape and an arrangement of a permanent magnet of the magnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention, and shows an example in which a yoke is provided in the configuration of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1 ′, 1 ″, 1 ⁿ , 2,2 ′, 3,3 ′, 11,
12,13,21,22, the permanent magnet 41 yoke 5 closed pipe path d Re magnet thickness l length direction length b magnet width g, g ', g "opposing distance m adjacent interval H _1, H _1', H ₁ ″, H ₂ , H ₃ , H ₁₁ , H ₁₁ ′, H ₁₂ ,
_{H 12 ', H 13, H} 13', H 21, H 21 ', H 22, H 22'
magnetic field

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A magnetic processing apparatus for applying an alternating magnetic field, wherein a plurality of magnetic fields in a direction perpendicular to a flow of a liquid to be processed containing charged particles are formed along the flow direction and are sequentially and alternately reversed. Reversal change rate of the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field with respect to the unit length in the flow direction (ΔB / Δx)
Is 5 kG / cm or more. 2. The liquid to be treated flows through a space in which a pair of permanent magnets each having a constant thickness and magnetized in the thickness direction are separated and opposed in the same magnetization direction. The magnetic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field is formed by the space. 3. An interval (m) between adjacent permanent magnets forming the alternating magnetic field and an opposing interval (g) between the pair of permanent magnets.
3. The magnetic processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ratio (m / g) is 0.5 to 1.5.