JP3294689B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle, high contrast, and high speed response.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a liquid crystal display device to which an electric field is applied in parallel to a substrate surface is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-2190.
No. 7, WO91 / 10936 discloses a liquid crystal display device having a comb-shaped electrode. In these liquid crystal display devices, the liquid crystal is aligned by an alignment means such as an alignment film formed on a substrate to control the alignment of the liquid crystal initially or when no voltage is applied.

[0003]

In the above, the time from when no voltage is applied to when the liquid crystal is oriented in the direction of the electric field after the application of a voltage depends on the electric field strength, and the electric field strength is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the electrodes and the like. It can be shortened by changing. However, by stopping the voltage application from the voltage application state, the time until the liquid crystal molecules return to the original alignment direction mainly depends on the viscosity and elastic constant of the liquid crystal, and even if the applied voltage is adjusted as described above, I can't shorten it.

The bulk viscosity of ordinary liquid crystals is 20 to 40 c
p (20 ° C.), and the time required for the liquid crystal molecules to return to the original orientation direction exceeds 100 ms, which has been a problem because the response time is too long for a liquid crystal display device compatible with moving images and mice.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a short response time.

[0006]

The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.

[0007] (1) at least one of a pair of transparent substrates, the pair
A plurality of types of electrodes formed on one of the substrates,
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates, arranged outside of the substrate
By having a polarizing plate, wherein via a plurality of types of electrodes <br/> a liquid crystal display device provided with an electric field applying means for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, said plurality of types of electrodes, at least the pixel parallel to the surface of the substrate in the part, and at least 2
Direction , and the plurality of types can be applied.
The first type of electrode has a V shape, and the plurality of types
The second type of electrode is a square shape of the first type of electrode.
The liquid crystal display device is arranged in parallel with the portion . Further
In, (2) at least one of a pair of transparent substrates, said pair of base
Multiple types of electrodes formed on one of the substrates, front
The liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates,
Active element, and a polarizing plate disposed outside the substrate.
And applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer via the plurality of types of electrodes.
A liquid crystal display device provided with an electric field applying means for applying
The plurality of types of electrodes are provided at least in the pixel portion at the base.
Electric field is applied in parallel to the plane of the plate and in at least two directions
And a drain of the active element.
The electrode has a U-shaped bent shape on the one substrate.
The liquid crystal display device is formed as follows.

The present invention, when forming a bright state and a dark state by controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules as a substrate and a display pixel section by applying an electric field of at least two directions in a plane parallel to the above,
The viewing angle is also increased .

The electric field applying means may be a device having only a drive circuit in an electrode, a device having active elements in a matrix, or a device having all active elements in a matrix.

A thin film transistor (TFT) can be used as the matrix active element.
In this case, an AC voltage can be applied to the counter electrode to reduce the driving voltage.

Still further, in order to simplify the liquid crystal display device, all the electrodes for applying an electric field may be provided on the same substrate.

The angle between two electric field directions applied to the liquid crystal in a plane parallel to the substrate is 40 degrees for improving the contrast.
It is good to set to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees. In addition, among the directions of three electric fields applied in a plane parallel to the substrate in order to increase the viewing angle, the angle between the other two directions with respect to one direction is 40 to 50 degrees and −50 to −50. 40 degrees,
Preferably, it is set to 45 degrees and -45 degrees.

In the present invention, since the alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled by applying an electric field, an alignment film is not necessarily required. However, the initial alignment of the enclosed liquid crystal is adjusted, or the auxiliary means for the alignment of the liquid crystal by the electric field, or It can be used to prevent the occurrence of domains.

Further, a phase difference plate may be provided between one of the substrates and the polarizing plate to correct the phase difference. By inserting a retardation plate, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer (the amount indicating the optical path difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light) is corrected by adjusting it to an appropriate retardation when viewed as a whole panel. Rate and maximum contrast. Further, it is possible to correct a phase difference due to a small amount of liquid crystal molecules which are aligned with a deviation from a desired alignment direction.

Further, in the case where an alignment film is used, even when the liquid crystal is aligned by an electric field other than the alignment direction, a small phase difference caused by a small amount of liquid crystal molecules near an interface aligned in the alignment direction is corrected by a phase difference plate. Can be. The phase difference plate mainly has an effect of lowering the transmittance in the dark state and improving the contrast.

Also, a color liquid crystal display device can be provided by combining color filters. Note that a known color filter is used, which is provided on a substrate.

[0017]

By applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer of the display pixel portion in at least two directions in a plane parallel to the substrate surface,
It is possible to control the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules showing a bright state and a dark state. In particular, the time required for the liquid crystal to reach a predetermined alignment state (response time) can be shortened, so that a high-speed response display element can be obtained. Furthermore, for forming an electric field in the pixel section
The viewing angle can be expanded by providing a V-shaped part on the electrode.
Large is achieved.

In the conventional liquid crystal display device, the time required for the liquid crystal molecules released from the electric field by stopping the application of the electric field to return to the original alignment direction by the alignment film depends on the viscosity and elastic constant of the liquid crystal. . According to the present invention, since the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is forcibly controlled by the application of the electric field, the response speed can be greatly improved.

Further, the active elements in a matrix form
It is particularly preferable because it enables precise alignment control of a minute region.

The angle formed between the directions of the two electric fields applied to the liquid crystal layer of the pixel portion in a plane parallel to the substrate is 40 degrees to 40 degrees.
By setting the angle to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, the contrast can be improved. Further, with respect to one electric field direction applied in a plane parallel to the substrate, the other two electric field directions are set at 40 to 50 degrees and -50 to -40 degrees, preferably 4 to 40 degrees.
By setting the angle to 5 degrees and -45 degrees and inverting the orientation direction of the liquid crystal in a minute area of the pixel portion, the viewing angle is expanded,
It allows its angle dependence to be reduced.

The drive voltage can be reduced by using a TFT as a matrix active element and applying an AC voltage to the counter electrode.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described based on embodiments.

[Example 1] Thickness 1.1 with polished surface
As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, two glass substrates having a thickness of 2 mm were used, and as shown in FIG. 1A, an upper substrate and an electrode having a pattern as shown in FIG. Was formed respectively. The upper and lower electrodes were formed so as to form an angle of 45 degrees with each other when viewed from above.

In this embodiment, aluminum is used as the electrode material. However, the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and a material having a low electric resistance, such as chromium or copper, may be used. The gap between electrodes 1 and 2 and electrodes 3 and 4 is 6.5 μ
m, and the electrode width was 4 μm.

The two substrates are electrodes 1 and 2 and electrodes 3 and 4
Were arranged so as to face each other, and the liquid crystal cell was constructed by adjusting the gap between both substrates to 7 μm via a spacer. In addition, the dielectric anisotropy Δε is 4.3 (20 ° C.), the refractive index anisotropy Δn is 0.072 (589 nm, 20 ° C.),
A nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Chisso) having a viscosity η of 25 cp (20 ° C.) was injected and sealed.

When a domain is generated as it is,
The liquid crystal layer was once heated until it became an isotropic layer, 3 V was applied to the electrode 1, the electrode 2 was set to 0 V, and cooled to eliminate the domain.

The liquid crystal cell substrate is sandwiched between two polarizing plates,
One polarization axis was arranged and attached so as to be parallel to the inclined electrodes 3 and 4 in FIG. 1B, and the other polarization axis was perpendicular to the polarization axis.

A voltage of 1 V is applied to the electrode 3 shown in FIG. 1B, and the voltage of the electrode 4 is set to 0 V. A voltage of 0.5 V is applied to the electrodes 1 and 2 shown in FIG. Thereby, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2A, most of the liquid crystal molecules 5 are oriented in the same direction in the opening of each pixel, and light passing through one polarizing plate is blocked by the other polarizing plate. And showed a dark state.

Next, while maintaining the voltages of the electrodes 3 and 4 at 1 V and 0 V, the voltage Va is applied to the electrode 1 (provided that 3 V ≦ Va ≦ 10
V), and the voltage of the electrode 2 is set to 0V.
At the opening of each pixel, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG.
The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 is changed by an electric field. As a result, since the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 is located in the middle of the polarization axes of the two polarizing plates, the polarization direction of the light passing through one of the polarizing plates is changed by the liquid crystal molecules 5, and the light passing through the other polarizing plate. A bright state was indicated.

The time when the luminance change becomes 90% of the total luminance change when the state changes from the dark state to the light state is defined as Tr. Electrode 3
Is Va ′ (where 0V <Va ′ <3V),
The voltage of the electrode 4 is set to 0 V, and the voltage of the electrodes 1 and 2 is set to V
When changing from a bright state to a dark state at a ′ / 2, the time when the luminance change becomes 90% of the total luminance change is defined as Tf.

FIG. 3 shows a response speed Tr to the electric field strength between the electrodes 1 and 2 and a response speed Tf to the electric field strength between the electrodes 3 and 4.

Tr is 50 at an electric field strength of 0.7 V / μm or more.
ms, and Tf was 50 ms or less in each case. The maximum contrast between the dark state and the bright state at Va = 10 V was 80.

Comparative Example 1 A polyimide-based alignment film was applied without forming an electrode as shown in FIG.
Fired. On the other hand, after an electrode having a pattern as shown in FIG. 1A was formed on the upper substrate, a polyimide-based alignment film was applied and fired. Rubbing the alignment film on the upper and lower substrates,
The rubbing directions were parallel to each other, and made an angle of 85 degrees with the direction of the electric field generated when a voltage was applied between the electrodes formed on the upper substrate.

A liquid crystal cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1,
Liquid crystal was sealed. One polarizing plate was placed and attached such that its polarization axis was parallel to the rubbing direction, and the other was so that its polarization axis was perpendicular to the rubbing direction. As a result, a liquid crystal display device having normally closed characteristics was obtained.

The time during which the luminance changes by 90% with respect to the total luminance change when changing from the dark state to the bright state (or from the bright state to the dark state): the response speed Tr (response speed Tf)
FIG. 4 shows the relationship with the electric field strength between the two. Tr is 50 ms or less when the electric field strength is 0.8 V / μm or more, but Tf is hardly changed by the electric field strength, and is about 100 ms.
Met.

[Embodiment 2] The structure of a liquid crystal cell is Embodiment 1.
In the same manner as above, Δ 液晶 is -4.8 (20 ° C.), Δn is 0.044 (589 nm, 20 ° C.), and η is 57 cp (2
0 ° C) nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2806 (Merck)
The response characteristics were examined using.

Tr and Tf are not much different from those of the first embodiment,
A response of less than ms was possible. Moreover, Va = 10V
The contrast between the dark state and the bright state was 100.

Example 3 In the structure of the liquid crystal cell, the response speed was examined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the upper and lower electrodes were arranged at an angle of 40 degrees when viewed from above in the pixel portion.

Both Tr and Tf are not much different from those of the first embodiment.
A response of 0 ms or less was possible. The contrast between the dark state and the bright state at Va = 10 V was 60.

Example 4 The response speed was examined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the upper and lower electrodes of the liquid crystal cell were arranged at an angle of 50 degrees in the pixel portion.

Both Tr and Tf are not much different from those of the first embodiment.
A response of 0 ms or less was possible. The contrast between the dark state and the bright state at Va = 10 V was 70.

[Embodiment 5] As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a 1.1 mm thick glass substrate 6 having a polished surface.
A drain electrode 7, a gate electrode 8, and a source electrode 9 were arranged in a matrix on the TFT, and a TFT 10 was formed in each pixel.

As shown in FIG. 5B, the TFT 10
A drain electrode 7 and a source electrode 9 are stacked on the gate electrode 8 via a gate insulating film 13, and these electrodes are connected via an amorphous silicon 12a and an ohmic junction 12b thereof.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the intersection of the common electrode 11 and the gate electrode 8 is three-dimensionally arranged via the insulating layer 15 as shown in FIG. 5B. Furthermore,
In the pixel portion, a protective film 14 for protecting electrodes and the like is laminated. 6.5 μm between source electrode 9 and common electrode 11
m, and the electrode width was 4 μm.

On the counter substrate, an electrode was formed at an angle of 45 degrees with the source electrode 9 in a pattern as shown in FIG. Note that the electrode gap is 6.5 μ as in the above.
m, and the electrode width was 4 μm.

The gap between the upper and lower substrates is 7 .mu.
m and adjusted. As a liquid crystal, Δε is 4.3 (20 ° C.) and Δn is 0.072 (589 nm, 20 ° C.).
° C), and a nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Chisso) having an η of 25 cp (20 ° C) was sealed, and a polarizing plate was attached in the same manner as in Example 1.

The common electrode 11 is kept at the ground level,
A voltage of 0 to 10 V is applied to the source electrode 9 by controlling the voltages of the drain electrode 7 and the gate electrode 8, and Va ′ and Vb ′ (where 0 ≦ Vb ′ <
Va ′ ≦ 4.5 V). As a result, the light transmittance of each pixel can be adjusted, and a bright state and a dark state of each gradation can be displayed.

The response speed Tr was 50 ms or less when a voltage of 1.0 V / μm or more was applied between the source electrode 9 and the common electrode 11. Source electrode 9 and common electrode 1
Tf for weakening the electric field between 1 and displaying a dark state is also 50 m
s or less. The maximum contrast between the dark state and the bright state was 80.

[Embodiment 6] As shown in FIG.
Electrodes 1, 2, 9a and 9b were formed on a 1.1 mm thick glass substrate whose surface was polished. These are arranged in a matrix.

The electrode 9a forms a TFT 10a together with the drain electrode 7a as a source electrode and the gate electrode 8.
Similarly, the electrode 9b is a drain electrode 7b as a source electrode,
The TFT 10b is formed together with the gate electrode 8. Electrode 1
Are three-dimensionally arranged so as not to cross the drain electrode. The electrode 2 is also arranged three-dimensionally so as not to cross the drain electrode and the source electrode. The angle θ at which the center lines of the electrode 1 and the electrode 9b intersect was 75 degrees. However, θ is not limited to 75 degrees and 4
It can be set appropriately within the range of 5 to 90 degrees.

The distance between the electrodes 1 and 2 and the distance between the electrodes 9a and 9b are 30 μm. The light-shielding layer 17 was provided as shown in FIG. The gap between the upper and lower substrates was adjusted to 5 μm with the spacer interposed therebetween, and both substrates were bonded together. The polarizing plate has a polarization axis of 16
a, 16b.

As a liquid crystal, Δε manufactured by Chisso was 4.3 (2
0 ° C.), Δn is 0.072 (589 nm, 20 ° C.), η
Used a nematic liquid crystal of 25 cp (20 ° C.). However, the liquid crystal is not limited to this. For example, a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy ZLI-2806 (manufactured by Merck) Δε: −
4.8 (20 ° C.), Δn: 0.044 (589 nm, 20
° C) and η: 57 cp (20 ° C).

A voltage Va is applied to the electrode 1, a voltage Vb is applied to the electrode 2,
Further, the voltages of the drain electrodes 7a and 7b and the gate electrode 8 are adjusted, and a voltage (Va + Vb) / 2 is applied to the electrodes 9a and 9b. However, it is assumed that 0 ≦ Vb <Va ≦ 20V. This indicated a dark state.

Next, the voltage applied to the electrode 9a is adjusted to (Va + V) by adjusting the voltages of the drain electrode 7a and the gate electrode 8.
b) Change in the range of / 2 to Va. Similarly, the voltages of the drain electrode 7b and the gate electrode 8 are adjusted to adjust the voltage of the electrode 9b.
Is changed in the range of Vb to (Va + Vb) / 2. Thereby, the bright state of each gradation could be displayed.

The response speeds Tr and Tf are as follows: Va = 18V, V
Both became 50 ms or less when b = 0V. The maximum contrast was 100.

[Embodiment 7] As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, an electrode and a TFT were formed on one substrate. A drain electrode and a gate electrode are also formed on the other counter substrate, and FIG.
The electrode of the pixel portion was formed by the electrode pattern described above, and one was a source electrode and the other was a common electrode. The source electrode forms a TFT together with the drain electrode and the gate electrode on the substrate. Otherwise, a liquid crystal cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 5.

The voltage applied to the source electrode was adjusted in the range of 0 to 10 V by controlling the voltage of the drain electrode and the gate electrode of each substrate while keeping the common electrode of both substrates at the ground level. As a result, finer adjustment of the light transmittance became possible than in the case of Example 5, the bright state and the dark state of each gradation could be formed, and the maximum contrast was 90.

[Embodiment 8] An electrode for one pixel was formed on each of the upper and lower substrates in an electrode pattern as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). FIG. 7 shows one polarization axis of the two polarizing plates.
It was arranged and attached so as to be parallel to the laterally extending electrode shown in FIG. 7A and the other polarization axis was vertical. Otherwise, a liquid crystal cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1.

The voltage Va is applied to the electrode 1 and the voltage V is applied to the electrode 2 in FIG.
b, voltage Va ′ on electrode 3 and voltage Vb ′ on electrode 4 (however,
0 ≦ Vb, Vb ′ ≦ Va, Va ′ ≦ 10V)
When examining the transmittance in the pixel portion, the angle at which the transmittance becomes equal almost coincides in the upper, lower, left, right, and intermediate directions,
A wide viewing angle was obtained. The maximum contrast between the dark state and the bright state was 80.

Example 9 A polyimide alignment film was applied to the interface between both substrates and the liquid crystal in Example 6 and baked.
The liquid crystal cell was assembled by rubbing in the direction indicated by a.
Others were the same as in Example 6.

In this liquid crystal cell, generation of domains was not observed when the liquid crystal was sealed or in the initial state. Regarding the response speed, the speed of transition from the dark state to the bright state is slightly slower than that of the sixth embodiment, but when Va = 20V and Vb = 0V, T
Both r and Tf were 50 ms or less. The maximum contrast was 100.

[Embodiment 10] In the liquid crystal cell of Embodiment 9, a retardation plate having a retardation of 0.12 μm was placed between the substrate and the polarizing plate such that the optical axis thereof was oriented at -45 degrees with respect to the rubbing direction. Inserted. The contrast was improved as compared with Example 9, and the maximum contrast was 1
10 or more.

[Embodiment 11] In the liquid crystal cell of Embodiment 5, the voltage of the common electrode was not at the ground level, but a voltage of 5 V which was converted to an alternating current in the opposite phase of the drain electrode was applied. As a result, the voltage applied to the drain electrode was about ／ of that in the fifth embodiment, and the driving voltage was reduced.

Embodiment 12 As shown in FIG. 8, electrodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d are repeatedly formed and arranged on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm. Forms a TFT 10a together with a drain electrode 7a and a gate electrode 8a as a source electrode.

Similarly, the electrodes 9b, 7b, 8a and 9c, 7
a, 8b, and 9d, 7b, 8b are TFTs 10b, 1
0c and 10d are formed.

The electrodes 1 and 3 are three-dimensionally arranged so as not to cross the drain electrodes. The electrodes 2 and 4 are also arranged three-dimensionally so as not to cross the drain electrode and the source electrode. Electrode 1
The angle θ at which the electrode 9a and the center line of the electrode 3 intersect with the center line of the electrode 9d was 75 degrees. However, the angle θ is not limited to 75 degrees, and can be appropriately set within a range of 45 to 90 degrees.

Electrode 1 and electrode 2, electrode 3 and electrode 4, electrode 9
a and the electrode 9b, and the distance between the electrode 9c and the electrode 9d are 30 μm.
And Example 6 did not use a conductive substance for the opposing substrate.
The light shielding layer covering the electrode wiring portion was provided as in the case of (1). Otherwise, a liquid crystal cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6.

FIG. 8 shows a dark state when a voltage Va is applied to the electrodes 1 and 9b of the upper pixel and a voltage Vb is applied to the electrodes 2 and 9a. However, 0 ≦ Vb <Va ≦ 20V, and when a voltage is applied to the electrodes 9a and 9b, the drain electrode 7
a, 7b and the voltage of the gate electrode 8a are adjusted. Further, the voltage applied to the electrode 9a is changed in the range of Vb to (Va + Vb) / 2, and the voltage applied to the electrode 9b is changed to Va to (Va + Va + Vb).
When changed in the range of Vb) / 2, a bright state of each gradation could be displayed.

A voltage Va is applied to the electrode 3 and a voltage Vb is applied to the electrode 4 of the lower pixel in FIG. 8, and a voltage (Va +) is applied to the electrodes 9c and 9d.
When Vb) / 2 was applied, a dark state was exhibited. Where 0 ≦ V
b <Va ≦ 20 V, and when a voltage is applied to the electrodes 9c and 9d, the voltages of the drain electrodes 7a and 7b and the gate electrode 8b are adjusted. Further, the voltage applied to the electrode 9c is (Va
+ Vb) / 2 to Va, and the voltage applied to the electrode 9d was changed in the range of (Va + Vb) / 2 to Vb, it was possible to display the bright state of each gradation.

The specification of each pixel to which a signal is to be transmitted is easier than in the case of the sixth embodiment, which is suitable for a high-definition display device or a television.

[Thirteenth Embodiment] In the liquid crystal cell of the twelfth embodiment, three color filters of R, G, and B extending zigzag through the openings of the pixels are provided on the opposite substrate of the substrate having the TFT. . A transparent epoxy resin was laminated on the color filter to flatten the surface. An alignment film was applied on this transparent epoxy resin. Other configurations are the same as those of the twelfth embodiment. In this liquid crystal cell, excellent color display was obtained by controlling the transmittance of each pixel.

The liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be used for a display device such as a notebook personal computer, a laptop computer, a word processor, a workstation, and a television, or a viewer or a projector.

[0073]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which has a high response speed, a wide viewing angle from any direction, and does not necessarily require the provision of liquid crystal alignment means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode pattern of one pixel.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between an electric field intensity and a response speed in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between electric field strength and response speed in Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electrode pattern of one pixel and a TFT forming portion.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode pattern of one pixel and a light-shielding layer pattern.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrode pattern of one pixel.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electrode pattern.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3, 4 ... electrodes, 5 ... liquid crystal molecules, 6 ... glass substrates, 7, 7a, 7b ... drain electrodes, 8, 8a, 8b ...
Gate electrode, 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d: source electrode, 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d: thin film transistor, 11: common electrode, 12a: amorphous silicon, 12b: ohmic junction, 13: gate insulating film, 14: protective film, 15: insulating layer, 16a: direction of the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate on the upper substrate side, 16b: direction of the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate on the lower substrate side, 17: light shielding layer.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-120528 (JP, A) JP-A-50-116059 (JP, A) JP-A-50-116197 (JP, A) JP-A-54-116 43047 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/1343 G02F 1/133 575 G02F 1/1368 G09G 3/36

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] At least one of a pair of transparent substrates, and a plurality of types formed on one of the pair of substrates.
Electrode, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between said substrate and having a polarizing plate disposed outside the substrate, with the electric field applying means for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer through the plurality of types of electrodes a liquid crystal display device, the plurality of types of electrodes are parallel to the plane of the <br/> substrate at least the pixel portion, and is configured so that electric field can be applied in at least two directions, and among the plurality of types First kind of
Electrode has a V-shape, and a second type of the plurality of types
Are arranged in parallel with the V-shaped portion of the first type of electrode.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by being placed . 2. A pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, and a plurality of types formed on one of the pair of substrates.
Electrodes, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates , an active element provided for each pixel, and a polarizing plate disposed outside the substrate, and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer through the plurality of types of electrodes. Apply
A liquid crystal display device provided with an electric field applying unit that, the plurality of types of electrodes are parallel to the plane of the <br/> substrate at least the pixel portion, and is configured so that electric field can be applied in at least two directions And the drain of the active element
The in-electrode has a U-shaped bent shape on the one substrate.
A liquid crystal display device comprising: 3. A zigzag shape extending through an opening of the pixel.
It is noted that three color filters
3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein: 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drain electrode is connected to each of the pixels.
And two of the plurality are provided via the active element.
Connected to the corresponding one of the electrode types
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein
Liquid crystal display device. 5. An active element is provided for each pixel.
Item 2. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1. 6. The thin film transistor according to claim 6, wherein said active element is a thin film transistor.
(TFT) according to any one of claims 2 and 5.
Liquid crystal display device. 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein liquid crystal molecules are provided on the substrate when no electric field is applied.
An orientation means for orienting in the direction is provided.
7. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of 6. 8. A phase shift between one of said substrates and said polarizing plate.
The difference plate according to claim 1, wherein the difference plate is provided.
Liquid crystal display. 9. A color filter on one of the substrates.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein
Liquid crystal display device.