JP3219740B2 - Excavator and split start method of excavator from small diameter starting shaft - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator realizing propulsion from a small starting shaft and a method for splitting and starting the excavating machine from a small starting shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When laying sewer pipes or other pipes underground, a propulsion method is generally employed. In this method, a start shaft and an arrival shaft are constructed on the planned laying line of the pipeline to be laid, the excavator is propelled by the main pushing device installed in the start shaft, and then the propulsion pipe is made to follow the excavator This is the so-called semi-shield method. Then, when the excavator arrives at the arrival shaft, a continuous propulsion pipe is laid between the start shaft and the arrival shaft.

FIG. 14 shows a small excavator provided in response to the above demand, which is used when propelling a pipe having a nominal diameter of 250 mm and has a total length of about 1900 mm. Here, the configuration of the excavator shown in FIG.

This excavator comprises a shield body 152 provided with a cutter head 151 at the head thereof, and a tail shield 154 refractably connected to the shield body 152 via a direction correcting jack 153. Septum
A cutter head 151 and a driving unit 156 including a motor for driving the cutter head 151, a reduction gear, and a transmission are mounted on the 155. The partition wall 155 is connected to a pipe 157 such as a mud pipe for supplying muddy water around the cutter head 151 and a mud draining pipe for sucking and discharging muddy water around the cutter head 151 together with excavated earth and sand. Driving means 156
Protrudes into the room of the tail shield 154, and moves inside the room due to relative refraction between itself and the shield main body 152.

[0005] A rear cylinder 158 is integrally formed with the tail shield 154, and a hydraulic unit 159 is disposed inside the rear cylinder 158. The rear cylinder 158 has targets 160 and irradiating laser beams for observing the propulsion direction of the excavator.
A television camera 161 for photographing the target 160 is provided, and a water shutoff valve 163 is provided on the sending / discharging pipe 157.
Incidentally, reference numeral 162 denotes a propulsion pipe.

[0006] The target 160 is firmly fixed at a predetermined position inside the rear cylinder 158, and the television camera 161 is arranged behind the target 160 and has a laser beam path so as not to disturb laser irradiation. Are arranged at a slight angle with respect to and at a sufficiently separated position.

[0007]

The above conventional excavator requires a large starting shaft whose length in the propulsion direction is about 5.2 m. For this reason, there is a demand for reducing the size of the starting shaft as much as possible so as to reduce the influence on surrounding traffic during construction performed under the road.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved excavator that can be started from a small starting shaft.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems, and comprises: a shield body having a cutter head;
A plurality of tail shields formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other, wherein the shield main body and the tail shield each include a mud pipe section and a mud discharge pipe section formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other, and An excavator deflectably connected to a first tail shield of the invention, comprising an inclinometer, wherein the first tail shield is located forward of a dividing plane between the first tail shield and a second tail shield following the first tail shield. A water stop valve having a function of a water stop valve for shutting off a mud pipe and a drain pipe and a function of a bypass valve for switching to a bypass pipe connecting both pipes, and means for detecting face pressure and pressurized water pressure And a direction control device including a target of laser light located on the rear end side and a television camera that shoots a target located in front of the target, and The tail shield is provided with a hydraulic unit, the detection means is configured to be connectable to a pressure display device provided on an operation panel, and the water stop valve has two bypass pipes constituting a valve structure. Are arranged in the same plane as the axis of the pipe.

In the above excavator, since the shield body is provided with the inclinometer, the inclination of the shield body generated during propulsion can be detected. For this reason, the state of excavation at the tip of the excavator can be determined, and a more accurate direction control operation can be performed in combination with the direction control accompanying the observation of the irradiation point of the laser beam on the target.

Further, in the above excavator, since the first tail shield is provided with the water shutoff bypass valve, the outflow of the groundwater and the ejection of the earth and sand can be prevented by the water shutoff bypass valve, and the vehicle can be separately started.

In the above-described excavator, the first tail shield is provided with means for detecting the face pressure and the pressure of the pressurized water, and this detecting means is configured to be connectable to a pressure display device provided on the operation panel. From the start stage, look at the pressure display device on the operation panel on the ground and compare the face pressure with the pressurized water pressure, while adjusting the pressure of the pressurized water so that the pressurized water pressure is equal to the face pressure, and propelling the collapse of the face. The pressure adjustment does not require the operator to enter a narrow shaft.

In the above excavator, the first tail shield is provided with a direction control device including a laser light target located at the rear end side and a television camera for photographing a target located ahead of the target. , The deviation from the planned laying line of the first tail shield being propelled,
The irradiation point of the laser beam on the target can be observed by photographing with a television camera, and the direction correction jack can be driven to correct the propulsion direction with the observation of the irradiation point.

In the above-mentioned excavator, since the hydraulic unit is arranged in the second tail shield following the first tail shield, the length of the first tail shield can be shortened, and the initial length of the excavator can be reduced from a small starting shaft. Even when the vehicle starts, it can be advantageously propelled.

Further, in the above excavator, since the axis of the bypass pipe constituting the valve structure is disposed in the same plane as the axis of the two pipes, the water stop valve is formed by the horizontal plane. By setting as, the bulk in the vertical direction can be reduced.

In the present invention, a water shutoff valve having a function of a water shutoff valve for a mud pipe and a mud pipe and a function of a bypass valve are housed in a casing of the mud pipe and the mud pipe, respectively, and are three-way. A valve device in which a ball valve that functions as a valve is arranged, each casing is connected by a bypass pipe, and a device for rotating each ball valve can be applied.

Further, as a water shutoff bypass valve having a function of a mud pipe and a mud pipe and a function of a bypass valve, both pipes of the mud pipe and the mud pipe are connected, and the two shafts have an axial center. And two ball valves configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis disposed at a right angle to a plane on which the axis of each pipe is disposed at an intersection of the two, and rotation of each of the ball valves An arm attached to a shaft, a link rod connecting the arm,
A valve structure having a cylinder for driving the link rod can be applied.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of split starting from a small diameter starting shaft of an excavator, comprising: a shield body having a cutter head; and a plurality of tail shields formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other. The tail shield has a mud feeding pipe portion and a mud discharging pipe portion formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other, and the shield main body is provided with the first first
An excavator refractably connected to a tail shield, wherein the first tail shield is provided with a mud feed pipe and a mud drain pipe ahead of a division surface between the first tail shield and a second tail shield that follows the first tail shield. A water stop valve having a function of a water stop valve for shutting off and a function of a bypass valve for switching to a bypass line connecting both pipes, and a detecting means for face pressure and pressurized water pressure are provided. The pressurized water pressure detecting means uses an excavator configured to be connectable to a pressure display device provided on the operation panel, so as to cut off the mud pipe and the mud pipe and connect both pipes via a bypass pipe. Switching the water shutoff bypass valve at a later time, and disposing the shield body and the first tail shield in a starting shaft,
The end of the mud pipe section and the end of the mud pipe section provided on the tail shield are respectively connected to a pressurized water supply source via a communication pipe including a hose, and pressurized water is supplied from the pressurized water supply source to a mud pipe, After adjusting the pressurized water pressure to be equal to the face pressure while feeding through the bypass pipe and the drain pipe, switch the water stop bypass valve so that the mud pipe and the drain pipe are opened and the bypass pipe is shut off, A step of propelling the shield main body and the first tail shield while adjusting the pressure to be equal to the face pressure, and then, after propelling the shield main body and the first tail shield, switching a water stop valve to a mud pipe section And the mud pipe section is shut off,
The connecting pipe including the hose is removed from the ends of the mud pipe section and the mud pipe section, and one or more tail shields are sequentially connected to the first tail shield, and the communication pipes provided in each tail shield section are provided. The mud pipe section and the drain pipe section are sequentially connected to each other, and the rear ends of the connected mud feeding pipe and the drain pipe are connected to a pressurized water supply source through a connecting pipe including a hose. It is characterized in that the entire excavator is propelled while adjusting the pressure of the pressurized water to be equal to the face pressure while sending pressurized water from a pressurized water supply source through a mud pipe, a bypass pipe and a drain pipe.

According to the above split start method, the groundwater is switched in a state where the water shutoff bypass valve is switched so that the mud feed pipe and the drain pipe are cut off from the small diameter start shaft and both pipes are connected via the bypass pipe. The shield body and the first tail shield are arranged in such a manner as to prevent the outflow of earth and sand, and then the end of the mud feeding pipe portion and the end of the mud discharging pipe portion provided on the first tail shield are hosed. Connected to the pressurized water supply source via the pressure water supply source, and sends the pressurized water from the pressurized water supply source through a mud pipe, a bypass pipe, and a drain pipe. After adjusting the pressurized water pressure to be equal to the face pressure while comparing the pressure, switch the water shutoff bypass valve so that the mud feed pipe and the drain pipe are opened and the bypass line is shut off, and the pressurized water pressure is adjusted to the face pressure. Equal The shield main body and the first tail shield are propelled while adjusting as described above, and after the propulsion of the shield main body and the first tail shield, the water shutoff bypass valve is switched to shut off the mud feeding pipe portion and the mud discharging pipe portion. rear,
A connecting pipe including a hose or the like is removed from the ends of the mud pipe section and the mud pipe section, and the water shutoff bypass valve and the water shutoff bypass valve of the mud pipe section are closed. One or a plurality of tail shields are sequentially connected, and a mud-pipe section and a mud-pipe section provided in each tail shield section are connected in sequence, and the connection-formed rear end of the mud-pipe and mud-pipe is formed. Each part is connected to a pressurized water supply source via a communication pipe, and while the pressurized water is sent from the pressurized water supply through a mud feed pipe, a bypass pipe and a drain pipe, the pressurized water pressure is adjusted to be equal to the face pressure. The entire excavator can be propelled.

In the method of split start from a small diameter starting shaft of an excavator according to the present invention, a target of a laser beam located at a rear end side of a first tail shield of the excavator and a position ahead of the target are further disposed. By providing a direction control device including a television camera for photographing the target, the first tail shield can be propelled while controlling the direction by the direction control device.

In the method of split start from a small diameter start shaft of the excavator of the present invention, when the direction control device is located at the second tail shield, the posture check at the time of split start is only the numerical value of the inclinometer. . Therefore, by providing a target camera set in which a laser light target for measuring the propulsion direction of the first tail shield and a television camera are provided in the first tail shield of the excavator, the propulsion direction is set by the target camera set. And the first tail shield can be propelled while controlling the direction.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the excavator and the split starting method will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view for explaining the configuration of the water stop valve used in the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a partially sectional view. FIG. 6 is a front view illustrating the configuration of the water stop valve used in the excavator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of an excavator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a valve structure used in the excavator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a partially sectional side view for explaining the valve structure shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a view taken along the line XX in FIG. FIG. 11 shows XI in FIG.
FIG. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a change in the flow path accompanying rotation of the ball valve. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the first half of an excavator according to the second embodiment starts using a target camera set.

The excavator according to the first embodiment comprises a front trunk A and a rear trunk B which are detachable, and includes equipment for controlling the propulsion direction required for propulsion of the front trunk A and the ground. A minimum necessary device such as a water stop valve for distributing and blocking muddy water that prevents the collapse of water is disposed, and devices such as a hydraulic unit as an energy source are disposed on the rear body B. With this configuration, the front trunk A can be propelled independently, and although the overall length of the excavator is slightly longer than that of the conventional excavator, the unit length that can be propelled is reduced and a start (not shown) is performed. This realizes reduction of the shaft and the arrival shaft.

In the figure, as described above, the excavator is composed of a front trunk A disposed on the front side in the propulsion direction and a rear trunk B disposed on the rear side in the propulsion direction. Are detachable from each other. And front torso A and rear torso B
When they are connected and integrated, it is possible to satisfy all the functions as the excavator. Also, for the front torso A alone,
It is possible to observe the excavation of the ground and the deviation of the front trunk A from the planned laying line, and it is possible to prevent the outflow of muddy water around the cutter head.

The front trunk A is composed of a shield body 2 to which a cutter head 1 for excavating the ground is attached, and a first tail shield 4 refractably connected to the shield body 2 via a jack 3. I have.

The front trunk A is divided into a soil removal room 6 and an in-machine room 7 by a partition wall 5 formed in the shield body 2.
The cutter head 1 is rotatably supported by the partition 5 and is disposed on the side of the earth shaving chamber 6.
A drive member 8 including a motor, a reduction gear, a transmission, and the like for driving the motor is mounted. The drive member 8 operates the jack 3 to move the shield body 2 and the tail shield 4
Is refracted, the head swings inside the cabin 7 in accordance with the refraction. For this reason, a space is formed around the driving member 8 to allow the driving member 8 to swing.

Below the driving member 8, a sludge pipe 9 and a sludge pipe 10 are provided.
These pipes 9 and 10 pass through the partition wall 5 and open to the earth removal chamber 6. The mud pipe 9 and the drain pipe 10 can be cut off and connected to the earth shaving chamber 6 by a water stop valve 11 provided near the protruding end of the driving member 8 and at the rear end of the tail shield 4. Is configured.

A target 12 to be irradiated with laser light is provided at a predetermined position on the rear end side of the tail shield 4 (a position parallel to the axis of the excavator and coincident with the center of the laser light emitted from the starting shaft). A television camera 13 for photographing the target 12 is disposed in front of the target 12. Therefore, the TV camera 13
Is photographed from the back side to generate an image signal.

The cutter head 1 has a plurality of spokes, and employs a type in which a bit is fixed to the spokes. However, the cutter head 1 is set according to the stratum of the ground to be excavated, and is not limited to the type shown in the figure.

The shield main body 2 constituting the front body A is configured to be separable into a head portion 2a and a main body portion 2b with the partition wall 5 as a boundary, and the head portion 2a formed as a flared cylindrical body is bolted. It is configured to be detachable from the partition wall 5 by 14. Similarly, the cutter head 1 is configured to be detachable from the partition wall 5. That is, the cutter head 1 is fitted to the output shaft 8a of the driving member 8 attached to the partition wall 5 and receives a rotational force.

Accordingly, the front barrel A is further operated by operating the bolt 14 to separate the head 2a of the shield main body 2 from the main body 2b and to separate the cutter head 1 from the output shaft 8a of the driving member 8. It is possible to separate.
By configuring the shield body 2 in this way, it is possible to recover the excavator that has reached the arrival shaft while disassembling it.

The jack 3 has a function to bend the shield body 1 in a direction to correct the shift when the excavator shifts from the planned laying line of the pipeline, and connects the shield body 2 and the tail shield 4. 1 for connecting the two hydraulic cylinders 3a, the shield body 2 and the tail shield
It is constituted by two rods 3b (see FIG. 2). By selectively and selectively supplying the hydraulic oil to the two hydraulic cylinders, the shield body 2 and the tail shield 4 can be relatively three-dimensionally bent at a desired angle. is there.

The tail shield 4 has the function of constituting the cabin of the excavator, and contains the minimum equipment necessary for independently propelling the front trunk A. A rear trunk B is connected to the rear end of the tail shield 4. For this reason,
At the rear end of the tail shield 4, a ring-shaped connection plate 4a is provided as shown in FIG.

The outer peripheral portion of the tail shield 4
An openable / closable lid 4b is provided between the mounting portion of the jack 3 and the connection plate 4a, and the interior of the tail shield 4 is opened by opening the lid 4b. Can be adjusted from the outside.

The sludge pipe 9 and the sludge pipe 10 are arranged in parallel below the driving member 8, penetrate the partition wall 5 and open to the earth shaving chamber 6. Mud water whose specific gravity has been adjusted in advance is supplied to the earth shaving chamber 6 (around the cutter head 1) from the mud pipe 9.
The supplied mud prevents the collapse of the ground and realizes good excavation. The muddy water mixed with excavated earth and ground water is sucked by the drainage pipe 10 and discharged to the ground through the inside of the excavator.

A water shutoff bypass valve 11 is provided at a rear end side of the mud feeding pipe 9 and the drainage pipe 10, that is, at a position corresponding to a rear end side of the tail shield 4. By operating, it is possible to conduct or cut off the pipes 9 and 10 to and from the soil removal chamber 6. The water shutoff bypass valve 11 is preferably as small as possible, and the structure is not limited as long as the size is reduced. A pressure sensor 30 for detecting face pressure is provided in the tail shield 4 in front of the drainage pipe 10, while a pressure sensor 31 for detecting pressurized water pressure is provided in the publication of the water stop valve 11. Is provided. Each of the pressure sensors 30, 31 is configured to be connectable to a pressure display device of an operation panel on the ground via a cable or the like.

In this embodiment, a water shutoff bypass valve 11 configured as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is employed. The water stop valve 11 shown in the figure has a function as a water stop valve and a bypass valve. The water stop valve 11 is connected to the mud pipe 9
Ball valves 11b, 11 provided with mud pipes 10 corresponding to the respective pipes
casing 11a which incorporates the pipe c and connects the pipes 9 and 10
And a bypass pipe 11d provided in the casing 11a and connecting the pipes 9 and 10, and a hydraulic cylinder 11e disposed between the pipes 9 and 10 and simultaneously driving the ball valves 11b and 11c.
, And is configured.

Each of the ball valves 11b and 11c has a function as a three-way valve. The ball valves 11b and 11c are driven by the hydraulic cylinder 11e to conduct the mud feed pipe 9 and the mud discharge pipe 10 independently of each other. The pipes 9 and 10 are shut off, and the positions where the pipes 9 and 10 communicate with each other can be selectively switched via the bypass pipe 11d. Therefore, the ball valve 11
By selectively setting b and c to any one of the three positions, it is possible to supply muddy water to the shaving chamber 6 and to discharge the muddy water in the shaving chamber 6, or Can be prevented from flowing out to the starting shaft side, and the muddy water supplied from the mud feeding pipe 9 can be discharged by the mud discharging pipe 10 without supplying the muddy water to the earth shaving chamber 6.

The target 12 is irradiated with a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator provided in a starting shaft along a predetermined laying line of a target pipeline. Therefore, the target 12 is arranged so as to coincide with the extension of the laser oscillator, and is fixed to the rear end side of the tail shield 4. Also tv camera
13 is for photographing the target 12 from the back side,
It is arranged on the front side of the target 12 and near the rear end side of the driving member 8, and is installed from this position toward the rear side. For this reason, the target 12 is composed of a translucent plate-shaped member.

When photographing the target 12 irradiated with laser light by the television camera 13, it is preferable to position the television camera 13 in front of the target 12, but there is a possibility that the irradiation of the laser light may be hindered. As described in the prior art, the television camera is at a slight angle to the laser beam path and is well separated from the target.

However, as in this embodiment, the TV camera 13
Is arranged in front of the target 12 and the target 12 is photographed from the back surface, so that the two can be arranged close to each other without disturbing the irradiation of the laser beam. The installation of the target 12 and the television camera 13 on the trunk A is realized.

Then, the target 12 is photographed by the television camera 13 while the front trunk A (the excavator) is being propelled.
When the irradiation point of the laser beam formed on 12 shifts, it is recognized that the propulsion direction of the excavator has shifted from the planned laying line,
By operating the jack 3 so as to return the irradiation point to the initial position, it is possible to control the propulsion direction.

In the front barrel A configured as described above, although there is no hydraulic unit for generating the hydraulic oil supplied to the jack 3, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the jack 3 from the outside, so that the propulsion direction is changed. When there is a deviation, this direction can be controlled, and the cutter head 1 can be driven to excavate the ground. Therefore, it is possible to propel the front trunk A alone.

The partition 5 of the shield body 2 has an inclinometer 32
The shield main body 2 is configured to be able to detect an inclination of the shield body 2, particularly an inclination occurring in the front-rear direction along the axis. Therefore, it is possible to detect the inclination of the shield main body 2 accompanying the control of the propulsion direction due to the irradiation of the laser beam and the inclination of the shield main body 2 generated regardless of the control of the propulsion direction. It is possible to assume whether or not the excavation speed and the cutting face mud pressure are appropriate.

For example, as the excavation progresses to the ground,
When the ground is taken in too much, the shield body 2 may rise even though the direction control is not performed. However, the inclination of the shield body 2 is monitored by the inclinometer 32. Thus, the inclination of the shield main body 2 can be detected, and it is possible to quickly respond to this case.

When the rear trunk B propels the front trunk A,
Although not necessarily provided on the front barrel A, such as a mechanism for supplying pressure oil to the jack 3 disposed on the front barrel A, a member for controlling the driving member 8 and the television camera 13, etc. A mechanism that may cause trouble when installed at a distance is arranged.

The rear body B is a detachable front cylinder.
21 and the rear cylindrical body 22 are connected to each other. When the vehicle arrives at the arrival shaft like the front body A, the two cylindrical bodies 21 and 22 can be separated and collected.

For this purpose, a plate 21a similar to the ring-shaped plate 4a provided at the rear end of the tail shield 4 is provided at the front end of the front cylindrical body 21, and is provided at the rear end. Is provided with a ring-shaped plate 21b as shown in FIG. A plate 22a identical to the plate 21b is provided at the front end of the rear cylindrical body 22, and a connection plate 22b as shown in FIG. Is provided.

Removable lids 21c and 22c are provided on the outer peripheral portions of the cylinders 21 and 22, respectively. By removing the lids 21c and 22c, the interiors of the cylinders 21 and 22 are opened. Torso B
It is configured such that the devices arranged inside can be adjusted from the outside. The plate 22d provided on the rear trunk 22
Has a function of increasing the rigidity of the rear trunk 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, a mud feeding pipe 9 and a mud discharging pipe 10 are disposed in the lower part of the rear body B in a forward and rearward direction. Coupling 23 on valve 11
Connected through. A tank 24a, a motor 24b, a manifold 24c, and a solenoid valve 24d are provided beside the rear body B.
A hydraulic unit 24 composed of an electric signal and the like is disposed, and a relay panel 25 for electric signals is provided on a side opposite to the hydraulic unit 24.

By providing a mud pipe 9, a mud pipe 10, a hydraulic unit 24, and a relay board 25 disposed inside and on both sides of the rear body B, respectively, along the center of the rear body B and the entire length. It is possible to form a space over the laser beam, and the space can be used as a laser beam path for irradiating the laser beam.

As described above, the front barrel A and the rear barrel B are configured so that they can be further separated into two parts. The separated individual members are suspended by screwing the eye bolts 26 shown by two-dot chain lines. It is configured so that it can be lowered.

Next, an excavator according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the machine is a shield body 111
And the tail shield 112 are connected to each other by a plurality of jacks 113 and rods (not shown) so that the shield main body 111 is provided with a cutter head 114. A propulsion pipe (not shown) is connected to the rear end of the tail shield 112, and thrust generated from a main pushing device installed in the starting shaft is transmitted via the propulsion pipe.

A partition 115 is provided at a predetermined position of the shield body 111, and a shaving chamber 116 is formed on the cutter head 114 side of the partition 115. Are formed. The tail shield 112 includes a front cylinder 112a connected to the shield body 111 via a jack 113 and a rod, and a front cylinder 112a.
and a plurality of cylindrical bodies 112b detachably attached to the main body a. When propelled, the cylindrical body 112b is divided into a shield main body 111, a front cylindrical body 112a unit, and a cylindrical body 112b unit.
For this reason, the plane size of the starting shaft can be reduced, and the propulsion of the propulsion pipe can be performed without adversely affecting surrounding circumstances during construction.

A motor 118 for driving the cutter head 114 is provided in the cabin 117, and a mud pipe 101 for supplying muddy water to the shaving chamber 116.
A valve structure V having a drainage pipe 102 for discharging muddy water mixed with excavated earth and sand and crushed gravels in the earth shaving chamber 116 is disposed in the front cylindrical body 112a. A pressure sensor 130 for detecting face pressure is provided in front of the mud pipe 102 in the front cylinder 112a, and a pressure sensor 131 for detecting pressurized water pressure is provided behind the water stop valve V. Is provided. Each of the pressure sensors 130 and 131 is configured to be connectable to a pressure display device of an operation panel on the ground via a cable or the like. Further, in the cabin 117, devices such as control devices 119 and a hydraulic unit 120 for propelling the excavator in a desired direction are arranged.

The front cylinder 112 constituting the tail shield 112
“a” is set in consideration of the plane dimensions of the starting shaft, but is set so that the free end of the motor 118 attached to the partition 115 does not protrude. Further, a flange 121 is fixed to the rear end of the front cylinder 112a, so that the cylinder 112b can be connected via the flange 121.

The valve structure V is provided with a mud feed pipe 101 and a mud discharge pipe 102 as two pipes provided in parallel, and one side of each of the pipes penetrates the partition wall 115 and opens to the earth shaving chamber 116. . The pipes 101 and 102 are connected by a bypass pipe 103 provided below the motor 118, and further connected to the bypass pipe 103.
A drive mechanism including an arm 105 for rotating a ball valve 104 disposed at the intersection of the pipes 101 and 102 and a link rod 106 is provided below the motor 118. Therefore, the motor 118 and the valve structure V are disposed on the front cylinder 112a, and are installed so as not to protrude from the front cylinder 112a, respectively.

The cylinder 112b is fastened to the front cylinder 112a by stud bolts and nuts 122, so that the front cylinder 112b is fastened.
a. This cylindrical body 112b is formed with a length shorter than the length of the propulsion pipe,
Devices such as a control device 119 and a hydraulic unit 120 are arranged inside. That is, the tubular body 112b has a length shorter than the length of the propulsion pipe. For example, when the number of devices to be stored increases and the overall length is longer than the length of the propulsion pipe, the tubular body 112b forms a further divided tubular body. It is necessary.

Here, the valve structure V used in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the valve structure V shown in the figure, two pipes are connected by a bypass pipe, and a ball valve is provided at the intersection of each pipe. By turning the ball valve, the two pipes can be simultaneously cut off and conducted. Is made possible.

The valve structure V has two pipes (sludge pipe 101 and sludge pipe 102) arranged in parallel.
02 are connected by a bypass pipe 103 having an axis 103a on the same plane as the axis 101a, 102a.
The axis 10 of each of the pipes 101 to 103 is located at the intersection of 2 and the bypass pipe 103.
A ball valve 104 having a rotation axis 104a perpendicular to a plane including 1a to 103a is arranged.
An arm 105 attached to 104a is connected by a link rod 106, and by driving this link rod 106 by a hydraulic cylinder 107, each ball valve 104 is simultaneously rotated, whereby a pipe on one side of the ball valve 104 is provided. 101, 10
It is configured such that a bypass path can be formed by blocking 2 and conducting the other side.

In this embodiment, the two pipes 101 and 102 are inserted into and fixed to a part of each of the pipes 101 to 103, and the ball valve 104 is rotatably housed in the flange 103b and the flow passage 103c is provided. The bypass pipe 103 is configured by fixing a casing 103d having

The ball valve 104 is formed of a sphere, and a T-shaped passage 104b is formed in the sphere. Also ball valve 104
As shown in FIG. 12, a T-shaped passage 104b is rotatably connected to a casing 103d constituting the bypass pipe 103.
Are housed in the same orientation. When the ball valve 104 rotates by 90 degrees, the pipes 101 and 102 are short-circuited at the boundary of the bypass pipe 103 as shown in FIG. Can be cut off to make each of the pipes 101 and 102 independent.

The rotating shaft 104a of the ball valve 104 has the rotating shaft
A stem 104c is attached in conformity with 104a, and an arm 105 is attached to the stem 104c. Mounting method of stem 104c to ball valve 104 and stem 104
The mounting method of the arm 105 with respect to c is not particularly limited, and any method may be used as long as the ball valve 104 is rotated by the rotating force transmitted via the link rod 106.

The rotation H104a of the ball valve 104 depends on each of the pipes 101-1.
03 is set in a direction perpendicular to a plane including the axis 101a to 103a. The axis 107a of the arm 105, the link rod 106 and the hydraulic cylinder 107 is connected to the axis 10 of each of the pipes 101 to 103.
The operation plane is set in parallel with the plane including 1a to 103a. Therefore, when pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 107 to cause the rod 107b to protrude from the cylinder 107c or to be immersed in the cylinder 107c, the hydraulic cylinder 107 rotates around the pin 107d while the arm 105 and the link rod 8 is rotated between the position shown by the solid line and the position shown by the broken line in FIG. 8, and the ball valve 104 is rotated by 90 degrees with this rotation, so that the two positions shown in FIGS. Is selectively retained.

In the valve structure V configured as described above, the axes 101a to 103a of the pipes 101 to 103 are arranged in the same plane, and the seat arm 105 for rotating the ball valve 104, the link rod 106, the hydraulic pressure Since the drive pores formed by the cylinder 107 are arranged in an operation plane parallel to the plane, the bulk in the vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 9) can be reduced, and the overall size can be reduced.

In the excavator according to the second embodiment configured as described above, the hydraulic cylinder 107 having the valve structure V is operated to cut off the bypass pipe 103 and to make the pipes 101 and 102 conductive (FIG. 12 (b)). )), Supplying muddy water adjusted to a preset pressure from the mud pipe 101 to the earth shaving chamber 116 to prevent collapse of the face, apply thrust by the main pushing device, and drive the cutter head 114. To excavate the ground. The excavated soil generated at this time is
It falls to 116 and is discharged to the outside through mud pipe 102 together with muddy water.

In the excavator according to the second embodiment, a target 124 and a mirror 123 for reflecting the laser light toward the target 124 and an irradiation point of the laser light on the target are provided in the rear cylinder 112b. Tv camera for shooting
A direction control device including the direction control device 125 is provided, and the propulsion direction is controlled by the direction control device. No means for measuring the propulsion direction is provided on the front cylinder 112a.

In the excavator according to the second embodiment in which the means for measuring the propulsion direction is not provided on the front cylinder 112a as described above, when the front cylinder 112a is pushed, the target as shown in FIG. It is desirable to mount and propell the target camera set 126 in which the camera and the television camera are integrated.
In the drawing, reference numeral 127 denotes a laser irradiation device.

Next, a method of starting the excavator according to the first embodiment from the starting shaft and reaching the reaching shaft will be described. A starting shaft and a reaching shaft are constructed at predetermined positions on an intended laying line of a target pipeline, and a main pushing device is installed in the starting shaft. A muddy water supply device (not shown) for supplying muddy water to the excavator is installed on the ground.

First, the front body A shuts off the sludge pipe 9 and the sludge pipe 10 by turning the ball valves 11b and 11c of the water stop bypass valve 11 to the direction, and the sludge pipe 9 and the sludge pipe 9 via the bypass pipe 11d. With the tubes 10 switched so as to conduct each other, the front trunk A is mounted on the main pushing device, and the rear trunk B is installed on the ground. Then, power lines and signal lines are connected from the operation panel provided on the ground to the relay panel 25 provided on the rear trunk B, and further, the relay panel 25 and the driving member 8 of the front trunk A, the television camera 13 and other necessary The equipment is connected via a communication power line or a signal line having a length sufficient to connect the rear trunk B on the ground and the front trunk A in the shaft. The solenoid valve 24d of the hydraulic oil 24 and the hydraulic cylinder 11e of the jack 3 and the water stop valve 11 are connected by a pressure-resistant hose. Further, the ends of the sludge pipe 9 and the sludge pipe 10 provided on the front body A are connected to a muddy water treatment device (not shown) as a pressurized water supply source installed on the ground via a hose. Each of the pressure sensors 30 and 31 is connected to a pressure display device (face pressure gauge and bypass pressure gauge) of the operation panel on the ground via a cable or the like.

Then, the supply pressure of the pressurized mud is adjusted so that the face pressure and the bypass pressure (the supply pressure of the pressurized mud through the bypass pipe) are equal by looking at the face pressure gauge and the bypass pressure gauge on the operation panel. .

Thereafter, the push wheel of the main pushing device is brought into contact with the rear end of the front body A, the drive member 8 is operated to drive the cutter head 1 and the water stop bypass valve 11 is connected to the mud pipe 9. By operating the main pushing device while supplying muddy water to the face by switching so that the drainage pipes 10 are independently conducted, the front body A propells while excavating the ground.

In the process of propelling the front shell A, a reference laser beam is irradiated from the starting shaft along the planned laying line to the target 12 from which the laser beam has been emitted. The target 12 is photographed by the television camera 13, and the image signal is displayed on a monitor transmitted to an operation panel installed on the ground. Then, the position of the irradiation point on the target 12 is observed, and when this position deviates from the target position, it is determined that the front trunk A has been propelled in a direction deviating from the planned laying line, and the position of the irradiation point is set to the initial position. The jack 3 is driven so as to return to the above state, whereby the propulsion direction of the front trunk A can be controlled.

When the propulsion of the front body A is completed, the water shutoff bypass valve 11 is operated to shut off the mud feed pipe 9 and the drain pipe 10, and the ends of both pipes 9, 10 are connected to both pipes 9, 10. After disconnecting from the connecting hose to the muddy water treatment device, the sludge pipe 9 and the sludge pipe 10
Are connected to a mud feeding pipe 9 and a mud discharging pipe 10 of the rear body B, respectively, and the mud feeding pipe 9 and the mud discharging pipe 10 of the rear body B are connected to a muddy water treatment device via a hose. At the same time, when the front torso A is propelled, the driving power line 8, the television camera 13 and other necessary equipment and the connecting power lines and signal lines connecting the relay panel 25 of the rear torso B are cut off. The connection wiring of each device is directly connected to the relay board 25. In addition, each pressure sensor 30,
Numerals 31 are respectively connected to connection wires in the rear barrel B. Thus, an excavator including the front trunk A and the rear trunk B is configured.

Then, the feed pressure of the pressurized muddy water is adjusted so that the face pressure and the bypass pressure become equal by looking at the face pressure gauge and the bypass pressure gauge on the operation panel.

Thereafter, the water shutoff bypass valve 11 is operated to open the mud feeding pipe 9 and the mud discharging pipe 10, and the muddy water is sent toward the cutting face until the rear body B enters the ground. Next, the propulsion pipe C is made to follow the excavator and is sequentially propelled. When the cutter head 1 of the front trunk A reaches the reaching shaft, the head 2a is removed from the main body 2b and the cutter head 1 is removed.
Can be detached from the output shaft 8a of the driving member 8, and these can be lifted and collected from the reaching shaft. Furthermore,
By operating the main pushing device, the excavator and the propulsion pipe are propelled, and the tail shield 4 and the rear trunk B that reach the reaching shaft are reached.
Can be sequentially collected from the arrival shaft.

In the case of the excavator according to the second embodiment, since the target of the laser beam is attached to the rear half of the excavator, the posture check at the time of split start is performed only by the numerical value of the inclinometer. Therefore, it is desirable to attach the target camera set 126 to the front cylinder 112a of the tail shield, and use the target camera set 126 to propel the rear half while confirming the position of the excavator.

[0078]

As described above in detail, in the excavator according to the present invention, since the first tail shield is provided with the water shutoff bypass valve, the water shutoff bypass valve prevents the outflow of groundwater and the ejection of sediment. You can split and start.
In addition, the first tail shield is provided with means for detecting the face pressure and the pressure of the pressurized water in the first tail shield. Since the detection means has a water stoppage bypass valve which can be connected to a pressure display device provided on the operation panel, From the start stage, look at the pressure display device on the operation panel on the ground and compare the face pressure with the pressurized water pressure, while adjusting the pressure of the pressurized water so that the pressurized water pressure is equal to the face pressure, and propelling the collapse of the face. The pressure adjustment does not require the operator to enter a narrow shaft.

Further, since the first tail shield is provided with a direction control device including a laser light target located on the rear end side and a television camera for photographing the target located ahead of the target, 1 The deviation from the planned laying line of the tail shield is observed by photographing the irradiation point of the laser beam to the target with a TV camera, and the direction correction jack is driven to correct the propulsion direction according to the observation of the irradiation point. You can do it.

It is preferable that the shield body is provided with an inclinometer. By detecting the inclination of the shield body that occurs during propulsion, the state of excavation at the tip of the excavator can be determined, and a more accurate direction control operation can be performed.

Further, since the axis of the bypass pipe constituting the valve structure is arranged in the same plane as the axis of the two pipes, setting the plane as a horizontal plane reduces the vertical bulk. You can do it.

Further, according to the method of split start of the excavator from the small starting shaft of the excavator according to the present invention, the shield body and the first tail shield can be propelled by preventing the outflow of groundwater and the ejection of earth and sand.

Also, the first tail shield of the excavator is provided with a direction control device including a laser light target located at the rear end side thereof and a television camera for photographing a target located ahead of the target. The first tail shield can be propelled while controlling the direction by the device.

When the direction control device is located at the second tail shield, the posture confirmation at the time of split start is only the numerical value of the inclinometer. Therefore, by providing a target camera set in which a laser light target for measuring the propulsion direction of the first tail shield and a television camera are provided in the first tail shield of the excavator, the propulsion direction is set by the target camera set. And the first tail shield can be propelled while controlling the direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an excavator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the configuration of the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a view taken in the direction of arrows IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating a configuration of a water stop valve used in the excavator according to the first embodiment, and is a partially sectional view.

FIG. 6 is a front view illustrating a configuration of a water stop valve used in the excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an excavator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a valve structure used in an excavator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a side view, partly in section, for explaining the valve structure shown in FIG. 8;

10 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows XX in FIG.

11 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows XI-XI in FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a change in a flow path accompanying rotation of a ball valve.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the first half of the excavator according to the second embodiment starts using a target camera set.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a conventional excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Front trunk B Rear trunk C Propulsion pipe 1 Cutter head 2 Shield body 2a Head part 2b Body part 3 Jack 3a Hydraulic cylinder 3b Rod 4 Tail shield 4a Connection plate 4b Lid 5 Partition wall 6 Soiling chamber 7 Inner cabin 8 Drive member 8a Output shaft 9 Mud pipe 10 Drain pipe 11 Water stop valve 11a Casing 11b, 11c Ball valve 11d Bypass pipe 11e Hydraulic cylinder 12 Target 13 TV camera 14 Bolt 21 Front cylinder 22 Rear cylinder 21a, 21b, 22a , 22c Plate 21c, 22c Lid 22d Connection plate 23 Coupling 24 Hydraulic unit 24a Tank 24b Motor 24c Manifold 24d Solenoid valve 25 Relay board 26 Eyebolt 30, 31 Pressure sensor 32 Inclinometer V Valve structure 101 Piping, mud pipe 101a- 103a Shaft center 102 Piping, mud pipe 103 Bypass pipe 103b Flange 103c Flow passage 103d Thing 104 Ball valve 104a Rotating shaft 104b Passage 104c Stem 105 Arm 106 Link rod 107 Hydraulic cylinder 107a Shaft center 107b Rod 107c Cylinder 111 Shield body 112 Tail shield 112a Front cylinder 112b Cylindrical 113 Jack 114 Cutter head 115 Partition 116 Shaving Room 117 Cabin room 118 Motor 119 Control equipment 120 Hydraulic unit 121 Flange 122 Stud bolt, nut 130, 131 Pressure sensor 132 Inclinometer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideki Uno 4-31-6 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Nishi-Shinjuku Matsuya Building Inside Iseki Development Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsutomu Suzuki 4-chome Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 31-6 Nishi Shinjuku Matsuya Building Iseki Development Machine Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-88481 (JP, A) JP-A-5-44391 (JP, A) JP-A-4-310818 (JP) , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 311 E21D 9/06 301

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] A shield body having a cutter head and a plurality of tail shields formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other, wherein the shield body and the tail shield are respectively formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other. And a mud pipe portion, wherein the shield body is an excavator refractably connected to a foremost first tail shield and comprises an inclinometer, wherein the first tail shield comprises the first tail shield and the first tail shield. A stop having a function of a water stop valve for shutting off a mud sending pipe and a drain pipe and a function of a bypass valve for switching to a bypass line connecting both pipes, ahead of a division surface with a second tail shield that follows. A water bypass valve, a means for detecting the face pressure and the pressurized water pressure, a target for laser light located on the rear end side, and a television for photographing a target located ahead of the target A direction control device including a bi-camera,
Wherein the second tail shield comprises a hydraulic unit, the detection means is configured to be connectable to a pressure display device provided on an operation panel, and the water stoppage bypass valve comprises a valve structure. An excavator wherein the axis of the bypass pipe is arranged in the same plane as the axis of the two pipes. 2. The water shutoff bypass valve is provided with a ball valve that is housed in a casing in each of a mud feeding pipe and a mud discharging pipe and that functions as a three-way valve, and connects each casing by a bypass pipe. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is a valve device including means for rotating each ball valve. 3. The water shutoff bypass valve connects both pipes of a mud feed pipe and a drain pipe, and an axis is disposed at an intersection of the two pipes, and an axis of each pipe is disposed. Two ball valves configured to be rotatable around a rotation axis disposed at right angles to the plane, an arm attached to the rotation axis of each of the ball valves, and a link rod connecting the arms. The excavator according to claim 2, wherein the excavator has a valve structure having a cylinder for driving the link rod. 4. A mud feed pipe part comprising a shield body having a cutter head and a plurality of tail shields formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other, wherein the shield body and the tail shield are formed so as to be connectable and separable from each other. And an exhaust pipe portion, wherein the shield body is an excavator refractably connected to a first tail shield in the forefront,
The first tail shield has a function as a water stop valve for shutting off a mud pipe and a drain pipe ahead of a division surface between the first tail shield and a second tail shield following the first tail shield, and a bypass pipe connecting both pipes. A water stop valve having a function of a bypass valve for switching to a road; and a detecting means for detecting the face pressure and the pressurized water pressure, wherein the detecting means for detecting the face pressure and the pressurized water pressure is provided on a control panel. The shield body and the first tail are switched by using an excavator configured so as to be able to connect to the mud pipe and shutting off the mud pipe and the mud pipe and connecting both pipes via a bypass pipe. Arranging the shield in the starting shaft, and then connecting the end of the mud pipe section and the end of the mud pipe section provided in the first tail shield to the pressurized water supply source via a communication pipe including a hose, respectively. connection, After adjusting the pressurized water pressure to be equal to the face pressure while sending pressurized water from a pressurized water supply source through a mud pipe, a bypass pipe and a drain pipe, the mud pipe and the drain pipe are opened and the bypass pipe is shut off. Switching the water stop bypass valve so as to adjust the pressurized water pressure to be equal to the face pressure, thereby propelling the shield body and the first tail shield, and then stopping the propulsion of the shield body and the first tail shield. The water bypass valve is switched to shut off the mud pipe section and the mud pipe section, and then the connecting pipe including the hose is removed from the ends of the mud pipe section and the mud pipe section,
One or a plurality of tail shields are sequentially connected to the tail shield, and a mud feeding pipe portion and a mud discharging pipe portion provided in each tail shield portion are sequentially connected to each other to form a connected mud feeding pipe and a mud discharging pipe. Is connected to a pressurized water supply source via a communication pipe including a hose, and pressurized water pressure is reduced to face pressure while sending pressurized water from the pressurized water supply through a mud pipe, a bypass pipe and a drain pipe. A method of splitting and starting an excavator from a small starting shaft, wherein the entire excavator is propelled while being adjusted to be equal. 5. A direction control device including a laser light target located on the rear end side of the first tail shield of the excavator and a television camera for photographing a target located ahead of the target. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first tail shield is propelled while controlling the direction by the control device. 6. A target camera set in which a laser beam target for measuring a propulsion direction of the first tail shield and a television camera are provided in a first tail shield of the excavator, and the target camera set includes: 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first tail shield is propelled while measuring and controlling the propulsion direction.