JP3157669B2 - Root canal treatment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root canal treatment device,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a root canal treatment device that enlarges a root canal of a tooth by using high-pressure air as a power source in dental treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In dental treatment, a root canal of a tooth is cut, and the root canal is sequentially enlarged to a depth reaching the apex to insert a drug into the root canal, or to perform treatment, washing, and casting. For example, the restoration part is filled. Such a root canal enlargement of a tooth requires a sharp needle-shaped root canal file (hereinafter, referred to as a root canal file).
Simply called a file). Conventionally, files have been driven by electromagnetic drives. For example, a file mounted on a motor-driven handpiece is cut while rotating, or a compound motion method is used in which a micro-vibration that vibrates in the axial direction of the file is superimposed on the file in addition to the rotary motion to increase cutting efficiency. Was being attempted.

As means for microvibrating the file in the axial direction, for example, an ultrasonic generating member integrally formed by stacking a large number of piezoelectric element plates polarized in the thickness direction is used. A high-frequency power supply of several tens of KHz was applied, and micro-vibration due to piezoelectric strain was transmitted to a file.

[0004]

Since the above-described file drive having the conventional electromagnetic drive device requires a high-frequency power supply, an electromagnetic field generated by the high-frequency power supply may adversely affect a pacemaker. Yes,
In particular, a problem may occur when the device is used for a patient with a built-in pacemaker.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and forms an intermittent air jet using high-pressure air, which is easily obtained, as a power source, and injects the jet into a piston having a tip on which a file is mounted. The file is finely vibrated in the vertical direction, and the piston is reciprocated at a high speed by this injection pressure and a spring resisting the injection pressure, and further,
Rotational vibration is applied to the pressure receiving surface arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the piston by a high-pressure air jet that is alternately tangentially injected, so that the root canal treatment is simple, inexpensive and safe without using electromagnetic force. It is intended to provide a device.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: (1) a cylinder disposed at a tip end of a handpiece head, and a cylinder disposed in the cylinder and movable in an axial direction. A piston, a root canal file fixed to one side of the piston and protruding from the cylinder and extending therefrom, and a root canal file disposed on the side where the root canal file is fixed to suppress movement of the piston In a root canal treatment device comprising a spring member and a nozzle for injecting high-pressure air to the piston on the other side of the piston, the root canal treatment device includes a rotating unit for rotating the piston around an axis, and the rotating unit includes At two places of the axially symmetric outer peripheral surface of the piston, a pair of pressure receiving surfaces arranged by removing at least a part of the outer periphery including a radius and parallel to the axis, and alternately facing the pair of pressure receiving surfaces. A pair of nozzles that inject high-pressure air And Le, be composed of a stopper for limiting the rotation angle about the axis of the piston within a predetermined angle range, or (2) Oite to (1), the surface on which the high pressure air is injected the piston A frusto-conical recess formed with a frusto-conical nozzle head facing the recess; or (3) in (1) or (2) above, It is characterized in that the high-pressure air being injected is an intermittent high-pressure air jet.

[0007]

[Function] A piston is arranged in a cylinder at the tip of a handpiece so that the piston can be moved in the axial direction.
Further, it can be rotated around an axis within a predetermined angle range. A file is attached to one side of the piston and extends from the tip of the handpiece to the outside. The piston is pressed against the end face of the cylinder by a spring disposed on the file side and faces the nozzle. The piston vibrates in the axial direction due to the intermittent jet of high-pressure air injected from the nozzle. The rotational vibration about the axis of the piston is applied by alternately injecting high-pressure air jets so as to apply opposite torques in a tangential direction of the piston to a pair of pressure receiving surfaces disposed on the outer peripheral side surface of the piston.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a filing handpiece according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1B, and FIG.
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1A, wherein 1 is a handpiece, 2 is a head, 3 is a cylinder chamber, 4 is a through hole, 5 is an exhaust path, 6 is a first air path, 7 Is a nozzle, 8 and 9 are second air passages, 10 is a piston, 11 and 12 are pressure receiving surfaces, 13 is a stopper, 14 is a pressure receiving recess, 15 is a chip, 16 is a file, 17 is a spring, 18 is a ring bearing, 19 Is a first valve device, 20 is a second valve device, and 21 and 22 are high-pressure air pipes.

The head of the handpiece 1 is a cylinder and has a cylinder chamber 3. Each of the cylinder chambers 3 has a through hole 4 on the end side of the head 2, an exhaust path 5 on the opposite end face, and second air paths 8 and 9 for jetting high-pressure air in an axially symmetric tangential direction. Are drilled.

A piston 10 is disposed in the cylinder chamber 3, and a tip 15 and a file 16 detachably attached to the tip 15 are fixed to one surface 10 a of the piston 10, and the head 16 passes through the through hole 4. 2 extends outside. A spring 17 is provided in the cylinder chamber 3 and presses the other surface 10b of the piston 10 toward the exhaust path 5 by a spring force.

At the center of the other surface 10b of the piston 10, a truncated conical pressure receiving recess 14 is provided. Also,
The upper part of the outer periphery of the piston 10 is concentrically deleted over about half of the outer peripheral surface, and the ends of the deleted part are pressure receiving surfaces 11, 12 formed of planes parallel to the radial direction and the axis. Further, a stopper 13 is provided on the outer peripheral surface that has not been deleted.

A ring bearing 18 made of a hard material such as a cemented carbide or ceramics is embedded in a portion of the cylinder chamber 3 which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the piston 10.
The bearing is designed to be stable for a long period against zero vertical vibration and circumferential vibration. A through hole 18a is formed in a portion of the ring bearing 18 where the second air passage 8 is opened, and a through hole 18b is formed in a portion where the second air passage 9 is opened. Through hole 18c with which
Are perforated.

The first air passage 6 is connected to a first valve device 19 installed outside the handpiece 1 and intermittently opens and closes high-pressure air introduced from a high-pressure air pipe 21 at a high frequency. The intermittent high-pressure air is introduced into one air passage 6. Similarly, the second air passages 8 and 9 are connected to the second valve device 20.
The high-pressure air introduced from the high-pressure air pipe 22 is alternately switched by the second valve device 20 to alternately introduce the high-pressure air into the second air passage 8 or the second air passage 9. I have.

Next, the operation of the root canal treatment apparatus configured as shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows the first
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state at the moment when the intermittent high-pressure air is not introduced into the air passage 6 and the second air passages 8 and 9.
And a state in which either the second air passage 8 or 9 is introduced.

First, the operation of the vibration of the file 16 in the axial direction will be described. In the state of FIG. 1A in which high-pressure air is not introduced into the first air passage 6, the piston 10
7 is pressed against a force F ₁ the surface 10b into the exhaust passage 5 by the spring force of substantially in contact with the frusto-conical pressure receiving recess 14 and the frusto-conical nozzle 7, which is injected from the nozzle 7 The high-pressure air jet effectively presses the piston 10. Then, the high pressure air is introduced into the first air passage 6 as shown in FIG. 2, the high pressure air flow Q ₁ which is injected from the nozzle 7
The piston 10 receives a force of F _2. Assuming that force F ₂ > F ₁ , the piston 10 is displaced against the spring force to separate the pressure receiving recess 14 from the nozzle 7, and the air flow Q ₁ flowing through the first air passage 6 is indicated by an arrow from the exhaust passage 5. It flows out to the Q ₁ direction.

[0016] shutting off the flow to Q ₁ high pressure air in this state, the force F ₂ becomes zero, the spring force F ₁ returns to the state of FIG. 1 (a). Thus, the piston 10 vibrates in the axial direction with the file 16 in accordance with the intermittent flow of the high-pressure air flow.
When the intermittent high-pressure air frequency becomes equal to the resonance frequency of the spring constant of the spring 17 and the weight of the piston 10 including the file 16, the file 16 can be effectively driven with a large amplitude. In the above description, the intermittent high-pressure air is injected from the nozzle 7 toward the pressure receiving recess 14 of the piston 10, but the first valve device 19 is removed,
Even if high-pressure air of a constant pressure is jetted from the nozzle 7, the piston 10 vibrates minutely by finding the equilibrium point between the spring force of the spring 17 and the jetting pressure.
Can also be vibrated.

Next, the rotational vibration will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the high-pressure air flow supplied from the high-pressure air pipe 22 by the valve switching operation of the second valve device 20 at the number of intermittents corresponding to the switching frequency is alternately introduced into the second air passage 8 or 9 and the pressure receiving surface 11 or The flow rate Q ₂ is injected to the piston 12, and a rotational torque in the ± R direction acts on the piston 10.

By selecting the number of injections so as to synchronize with the injection timing of the injection from the first air passage 6, the flow rate Q ₂ of the second air passage 8 or 9 can be controlled by the surface 10b of the piston 10 and the end surface of the cylinder chamber 3. from eggplant gap between 3a with the flow rate to Q ₁ first air passage 6 flows out into the exhaust passage 5.

In this period, the piston 10 has the surface 10a,
10b is not in contact with the cylinder chamber 3 and only the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the ring bearing 18 and floats.
There is no frictional force acting on a and 10b, and the rotational vibration is smoothly repeated.

Even when the number of injections is not synchronized with the number of injections from the first air passage 6, a thrust bearing (not shown) is provided on the end face 3a of the cylinder chamber 3 in contact with the piston face 10b. Long-term stable rotational vibration is obtained. At this time, an air passage (not shown) for releasing the injected air flow rate Q ₂ to the exhaust passage 5 is required.

[0021]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since no electromagnetic force is used, it can be used with peace of mind even for patients with a built-in pacemaker. In addition, a piston with a filing tip attached to the tip is inserted into the cylinder and the nozzle is opposed to a further superimposes the rotational vibration vertical vibration to the file by the simple structure that is opposed to the pair of nozzles for ejecting alternately transformer air diametrically tangential pistons can be given by. (2) Since the shape of the pressure receiving recess of the piston and the shape of the nozzle are both frusto-conical, the jet pressure of high-pressure air can be effectively taken out.
(3) Since the high-pressure air injected into the piston is continuous high-pressure air, the first valve device can be omitted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a root canal treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the root canal treatment device of the present invention together with FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... handpiece, 2 ... head, 3 ... cylinder chamber, 4 ...
Through holes, 5: exhaust path, 6: first air path, 7: nozzle, 8,
9: second air passage, 10: piston, 11, 12: pressure receiving surface, 13: stopper, 14: pressure receiving recess, 15: chip,
16 files, 17 springs, 18 ring bearings, 19
... first valve device, 20 ... second valve device, 21, 22 ... high-pressure air pipe.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-154548 (JP, A) JP-A-59-115034 (JP, A) JP-A-63-161952 (JP, A) 22124 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61C 1/00-5/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylinder disposed at a tip of a handpiece head, a piston disposed in the cylinder and movable in an axial direction, fixed to one side of the piston, and protruding from the cylinder. A root canal file that extends by extension, a spring member that is disposed on the side where the root canal file is fixed and suppresses movement of the piston, and injects high-pressure air to the piston on the other side of the piston. In a root canal treatment device comprising a nozzle, a rotation means for rotating the piston about an axis, the rotation means including a radius at two positions on an axially symmetric outer peripheral surface of the piston and including an axis parallel to the axis. A pair of pressure receiving surfaces arranged by removing at least a part of the outer periphery of the surface, a pair of nozzles that alternately inject high-pressure air toward the pair of pressure receiving surfaces, and a rotation angle around the axis of the piston. Limited to a certain angle range A root canal treatment device, comprising: 2. A surface of the piston from which the high-pressure air is injected is formed in a truncated conical recess, and a truncated cone-shaped nozzle head is disposed opposite to the recess. The root canal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The root canal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure air injected into the piston is an intermittent high-pressure air jet.