JP3156344U - Steam generator using sunlight, heat engine and power generator using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A power generation technique capable of reducing energy costs and solving the problem of fuel waste used in thermal power generation and the like is provided. Three or more struts 1 that expand and contract by an automatically controlled actuator, a colorless and transparent Fresnel lens 2 supported on the upper end of each strut, and a black-coated material with high thermal conductivity The heat conductor 5 in which the black body 4 formed in the above is disposed, and the tank in which the heat conductor is disposed, and the expansion and contraction of the support column collects the light collected according to the position of the sun. By controlling the angle and distance of the Fresnel lens so as to irradiate the body, water in the tank was boiled by the heat of sunlight to obtain a steam generator J that obtains steam. In addition, a plurality of the steam generators can be connected, the Stirling engine S can be driven by being heated by the generated steam heat, or a turbine-driven power generator using the steam pressure can be used. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a heat engine and a power generator using a steam generator using solar heat.

  The Stirling engine is a power unit developed by Robert Stirling in 1816, and is an external combustion engine that obtains work by heating and cooling from the outside.

In recent years, in power generation using sunlight, a power generation device using a solar panel is popular (see Non-Patent Document 1). However, solar panels are expensive, and there is still a problem that the facilities become large. There is also a movement to make a heat engine that generates heat by condensing and irradiating sunlight onto the surface of a heating plate with a reflecting mirror (see Patent Document 1). However, since such a technique uses a reflecting mirror, a large reflecting mirror is required for condensing, and problems such as the size and cost of equipment have not been solved as in the above-described invention.

Sakai, “Black Body Mystery-New Material of the 21st Century”, Gihodo Publishing 2001 JP 2008-291793 A

  Concentrates natural sunlight using a Fresnel lens supported by the apex of three or more struts that automatically extend and contract from the ground, and moves the actuator in accordance with the movement of the sun. , It is converted to heat by applying it to a black body made of a black-coated material with high thermal conductivity joined on the tank, and this heat is transmitted to the heat conductor in the tank to boil the water in the tank A steam generator, a heat engine using the steam obtained by the steam generator, and a power generator are produced.

  As described above, in the conventional solar thermal power generation technology, a reflector having a very large area must be used, and widespread use is hindered from the viewpoint of cost. Accordingly, in view of such problems, the present invention provides a power generation technology that can reduce the energy cost of conventional power generation technology and also solve the problem of fuel waste used in thermal power generation and the like. In addition, in the present invention, in order to prevent the generation of fuel waste, natural sunlight, which is an inexhaustible resource, is concentrated using a Fresnel lens of a certain size, and the heat conduction of black paint Producing steam by hitting high-rate materials to obtain clean energy, and creating a power generation system that costs only the first equipment and becomes semi-permanent Also aimed. In addition, using a Fresnel lens reduces the heat collection area compared to when using a reflector, thus reducing costs. Furthermore, a large-scale power generation device can be made by changing the size of the lens or connecting a plurality of heat engines.

The invention according to claim 1 includes three or more struts that are expanded and contracted by an automatically controlled actuator, a colorless and transparent Fresnel lens supported on the upper end of each strut, and a black-coated thermal conductivity on the upper surface. It is composed of a heat conductor in which a black body formed of a high material is disposed, and a tank in which the heat conductor is disposed, and the expansion and contraction of the support column collects the light collected according to the position of the sun. The angle and distance of the Fresnel lens were controlled so as to irradiate the body, and a steam generator that generates steam by boiling the water in the tank using the heat of sunlight.

The invention described in claim 2 is a steam generator having a configuration in which a plurality of the steam generators are connected.

The invention of claim 3 is a heat engine composed of the steam generator according to claim 1 or claim 2 and a Stirling engine.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power generation device configured to use the steam generator according to the first or second aspect.

According to the present invention, it is possible to make a power generation device that does not emit CO2, leading to a solution to the global warming problem. In addition, by using a Fresnel lens, a power generator with low energy cost that cannot be obtained by conventional solar thermal power generation technology can be obtained. Further, since the power generation device is relatively inexpensive and can be saved in a space-saving manner, it can be spread to small areas and general households. A large-scale power plant can also be made by changing the size of the lens or connecting a plurality of the power generation devices.

The present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a steam generator J that can increase the efficiency of collecting sunlight by automatically controlling the actuator. Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a steam generator J according to the present invention. The steam generator J includes three or more struts 1 that are expanded and contracted by an automatically controlled actuator, a colorless and transparent Fresnel lens 2 supported on the upper end of each strut, and a black-coated thermal conductivity on the upper surface. It is composed of a heat conductor 5 in which a black body 4 made of a high material is disposed, and a tank 3 in which the heat conductor is disposed, and the expansion and contraction of the column 1 is concentrated according to the position of the sun. The angle and distance of the Fresnel lens are controlled so as to irradiate the black body 4 with light.

The support column 1 is made of a metal having a required strength, and can be adapted to the expansion and contraction of the support column 1 by a universal joint or the like at both ends. An actuator is used as the expansion / contraction mechanism, but high speed is not required for tracking the sun, so a solenoid actuator or a hydraulic actuator may be used. A mechanical expansion / contraction mechanism using an air cylinder, a motor, and a speed reduction mechanism is also possible. The control method may be simple control such as timer control, but it is desirable to control the sun more accurately by calculating the sun position from the date and time.

The Fresnel lens 2 is colorless and transparent, and is supported by the support column 1 via a holder or the like. Since the effect of diffraction can be ignored, it is possible to increase the number of lens cut divisions, and it is desirable to reduce the weight of the lens material and reduce the cost by making the lens material thinner.

The heat conductor 5 is formed of a metal such as an aluminum alloy having a high thermal conductivity, a ceramic material, or the like. Fine ceramics are desirable. However, the material is not limited to these, and may be selected in consideration of cost and function.

The tank 3 has a pressure-resistant structure covered with a heat insulating material, contains water therein, and is provided with a pipe 6 and a condensate pipe 7 at the upper part for transmitting water vapor generated by heating to the Stirling engine. Further, although not specifically shown, it goes without saying that a gate valve, a safety valve, and the like that are generally provided as a steam tank are provided.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of the heat engine according to the present invention. Hereinafter, specific examples for carrying out the present invention will be described.

A black body made of, for example, a material with high thermal conductivity of several millimeters in thickness having a square of 10 cm on the bottom and collecting sunlight with a square Fresnel lens 2 having a side of 1 meter. Concentrate on 4. At this time, the apex of the Fresnel lens 2 is supported by the support column 1 of the actuator which is erected from the bottom and automatically expands and contracts. The column 1 preferably extends from the top of a 2 × 2 (m) square on the ground with the tank 3 as the center. The size of the tank 3 is assumed to be 20 × 20 × 20 (cm). The black body 4 made of ceramics or the like is joined to the upper surface of the tank 3, and this black body 4 is contained in the tank 3, for example, a cubic shape having a height of 10 cm with a bottom surface of 10 cm on a side. The heat conductor 5 is also joined. The tank 3 is surrounded by a heat insulating material. In the tank 3, it is desirable that about 60% of the cubic heat conductor 5 is submerged in water. The light concentrated by the lens 2 is applied to the surface of the black body 4. Due to the heat generated by this, the water in the tank 3 boils and becomes steam. Water vapor generated near the heat conductor 5 accumulates in the upper peripheral portion of the tank 3 due to the shape of the heat conductor 5. A pipe 6 that connects water vapor is connected to the steam turbine, and the turbine is rotated. Water is used in areas where water is abundant to cool steam, and underground heat is used in areas where water is not present. The cooled condensate is transferred to the tank by the pipe 7.

In order to allow sunlight to hit the black body 4 for as long as possible by the lens 2, the lens 2 is automatically moved by expanding and contracting the support column 1, and all the light collected by the lens 2 is black body. Try to hit 4.

A large steam generator J can be made by connecting a plurality of lenses 2, black bodies 4, heat conductors 5, and tanks 3. In this case, it goes without saying that a check valve for preventing a back flow due to a pressure difference, an injector for keeping the water amount in each tank constant, and the like are of course considered. Further, the steam obtained by the steam generator J is sent to the heating section of the Stirling engine S to heat the gas in the cylinder, and the heat engine as an external combustion engine that is driven by cooling it with water or the like. Alternatively, it is possible to make a power generation device that drives the steam turbine T to drive the generator.

The Fresnel lens 2 having an area of 1 square meter can collect solar radiation of about 2600 kWh in an area where the integrated amount of solar radiation is large. The integrated amount of solar radiation in Japan is about 1200 kWh / square meter per year on average, and about 1200 kWh per year can be collected by the Fresnel lens 2 having an area of 1 square meter.

When the instantaneous value of solar radiation is 1 KW, the Fresnel lens 2 having an area of 1 meter can collect sunlight corresponding to 1 KW of energy.

Explanatory drawing showing the structure of the steam generator according to the present invention Explanatory drawing showing the overall configuration of the heat engine according to the present invention

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Strut 2 which expands / contracts automatically Fresnel lens 3 Tank 4 in which heat insulation material is wound 4 Black body 5 Thermal conductor 6 Pipe that transmits steam 7 Condensation pipe J Steam generator S Stirling engine T Steam turbine

Claims (4)

Three or more struts that extend and retract by an automatically controlled actuator;
A colorless and transparent Fresnel lens supported at the upper end of each column;
A heat conductor in which a black body formed of a black-coated material with high thermal conductivity is disposed on the upper surface;
It is composed of a tank in which the heat conductor is disposed,
The expansion and contraction of the support column controls the angle and distance of the Fresnel lens so as to irradiate the black body with the light condensed according to the position of the sun,
A steam generator that generates steam by boiling water in a tank using the heat of sunlight. The steam generator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the steam generators are connected. A heat engine comprising the steam generator according to claim 1 or 2 and a Stirling engine. A power generator using the steam generator according to claim 1 or 2.