JP3138451B2 - Patient monitoring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a patient,
A patient monitoring device that can determine whether the patient is lying (sleeping) or sitting (raising), or in a normal posture, or lying or sitting in an abnormal posture. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in hospitals and nursing homes, the presence or absence of a patient or the like on bedding is determined without attending a nurse or monitoring an image from a camera installed in a room in another room. Various types of patient monitoring devices have been proposed.

For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2-28073 discloses a bedding in which a change in floor load measured by a load measuring means is monitored by a monitoring means to detect a drop in the load by a predetermined amount or more. . According to this, it is possible to detect the start of wandering of the demented elderly, that is, the absence from the floor, thereby preventing the occurrence of an accident. In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-269427 discloses a system that detects body movement of a patient and outputs an alarm when the posture change stops for a certain period of time or more in order to prevent the patient from getting out of bed.

[0004]

On the other hand, for patients in the recovery room of the hospital, not only the absence or presence but also the posture on the bedding, specifically, whether the patient is lying or sitting, or It is desired to be able to determine whether the subject is lying in an unusual posture or lying or sitting in an abnormal posture. This is because, for a patient who needs absolute rest immediately after the operation, a state of sitting on the bedding or a state of sleeping in an abnormal state can be very dangerous. Similarly, it is important to monitor the change in the posture and the degree of the change. However, the system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-269427 is a device for detecting bedsores, so that if a body movement occurs, an alarm will not be issued. Can not be used. Further, since the body motion is detected based on the signal pattern of the detection signal, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of the body motion, but cannot detect what kind of body motion has occurred.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to satisfying the above-described needs by placing a patient on bedding in a sitting or sitting position, in a normal position, or in an abnormal position. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new patient monitoring device that can determine whether the patient monitoring is performed. It is another object of the present invention to provide a patient monitoring device capable of detecting occurrence of body movement and reporting the state of the body movement and the like.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, there is provided a pressure detecting device which is detected by a plurality of pressure detecting means arranged in a matrix at a predetermined density in a bedding installation area. Data acquisition means for acquiring data, pressure area full length extraction means for extracting the length of the pressure area based on the pressure data acquired by the data acquisition means in the longitudinal direction of the bedding, and the pressure area Pressurizing area grouping means for grouping, and the length of the bedding of the pressing area group having the largest number of pressurizing detecting means among the pressurizing area groups obtained by the pressurizing area grouping means. A maximum group length extracting means for extracting a length in a direction, a length extracted by the pressurized area total length extracting means, a length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means, and a discrimination result. Based on the determined attitude in the previous determination cycle stored in the storage means and is characterized in that it comprises an attitude determination means for determining the patient's posture, the.

In the patient monitoring apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, (1) the patient is detected by the data acquisition means by a plurality of pressure detection means arranged in a matrix at a necessary and sufficient density in the bedding installation area. Pressurization data that changes according to the posture is repeatedly acquired (for example, at a constant cycle).
As a result, an area (pressurized area) where the pressure detecting means is in a reaction state is repeatedly extracted. Here, the pressure detecting means converts the received pressure into an electric signal, such as a multi-value output pressure sensor, and outputs the electric signal in multi-values, even if it is a binary output such as a contact type switch. It may be. However, when a multi-value output pressure sensor is used, the binarization process is performed at a certain threshold.

(2) The length of the pressurized region in the longitudinal direction of the bedding (the number of pressurizing detecting means) is extracted by the pressurized region full length extracting means. This length (hereinafter, referred to as the entire length of the pressurized area) is defined by claims 2 and 3,
In a posture determining means described later, a comparison is made with a first threshold value for determining whether or not the patient is in an extended lying state, that is, in a state in which the patient is lying down with the whole body extended to some extent (see the upper part of FIG. 4). The first threshold value is set to a value larger than the total length of the pressurized region when the patient is sitting and the total length of the pressurized region is the longest. In particular,
The value is set to a value larger than the entire length of the pressurized area extracted when the patient is in the extended leg sitting state, that is, in the sitting state with the upper body raised and the legs extended (see the upper part of FIG. 5A).

(3) A group of reaction-state pressure detection means connected in the longitudinal direction of the bedding or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is extracted from the pressure area by the pressure area grouping means. Form a pressurized area group.

(4) By the maximum group length extracting means, when the number of the formed pressure area groups is one, the number of the pressure detection means constituting the group is the largest when the number is two or more. The length of the group in the longitudinal direction of the bedding (the number of pressure detection means) is extracted. This length (hereinafter, referred to as the maximum group length) is defined by a posture determination unit described later as clarified in claims 2 and 3.
This is compared with a second threshold value for determining whether the patient is in a state of lying on his or her legs, that is, a state in which the knees are bent slightly and curled (see the upper part of FIG. 5B). In addition, the maximum group length is determined by posture determination means described later for determining whether or not the patient is in an extended leg sitting state, or in a standing knee state, that is, in a state in which the patient is sitting upright with the body raised. It is compared with a third threshold.

The second threshold value is set to a value larger than the maximum group length when the patient is sitting and the maximum group length is the longest. Specifically, the value is set to a value larger than the maximum group length extracted when the patient is in a side sitting state, that is, a state in which the upper body is raised and the legs are bent to the side and sitting (FIG. 6).
(See (a) upper row)). In addition, the third threshold is set to a value smaller than the maximum group length when the patient is lying and the maximum group length is the shortest. Specifically, the value is set to a value smaller than the maximum group length extracted when the patient is in a knee-flexing and lying position, that is, in a state in which the patient is lying with his knees curled up (FIG. 6).
(B) See upper section).

(5) Further, since the attitude determination result of at least the previous cycle is stored in the determination result storage means and the attitude is determined by referring to the result, accurate determination is possible.

(6) The posture determining means compares the entire length of the pressure area with the first threshold value to determine whether or not the patient is in a recumbent position. Specifically, when the entire length of the pressurized area is larger than the first threshold value, it is determined that the patient is in the lying posture. When the entire length of the pressurized area is equal to or less than the first threshold value, the patient may be lying down (usually in a flexed state, knee-flexed state) or sitting (extended leg state or knee-extended state). (Standing position, side sitting). Further, the maximum group length is compared with each of the second and third threshold values, and it is determined whether the patient is in the normal flexion state, the extended leg state, or the kneeling state. Specifically, when the maximum group length is larger than the second threshold value, it is determined that the patient is in a normal flexed leg posture. When the maximum group length is smaller than the third threshold, it is determined that the patient is in the extended leg state or the kneeling state. Note that the maximum group length is equal to or greater than the third threshold and
If the threshold value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the patient may be lying down (knee holding, flexed and lying) or sitting (lateral sitting state).

As described above, the discrimination result obtained by comparing the entire length of the pressure area with the first threshold value, the maximum group length and the second and third
Based on the results of the comparison with each of the threshold values, the posture of the patient on the bedding (extended state, normal flexed state, extended sitting state or kneeling sitting state, knee held bent state) , Lateral sitting state), it is possible to determine whether the subject is in the extended lying state, in the normal flexion lying state, in the extended leg sitting state, in the kneeling sitting state, or in any other state. However, it is not possible to determine whether the state other than the above is the knee-bearing-flexion state or the side-seat state.

Here, the present inventor has studied and as described in claim 2, it is determined whether the patient is in a knee-flexed state or in a side-seat state as described below. It turns out that it can be done. FIGS. 7A to 7C are diagrams illustrating a process of changing a posture from a stretched state to a side sitting state,
FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams showing a process of changing the posture from the extended lying state to the knee-flexing and lying posture. As shown in these figures, a patient who is in a prone position or in a normal recumbent position raises his / her upper body in the process before changing his / her posture to the side-to-side position. It does not raise the upper body in the process until it is changed to. Therefore, by using the posture determination result of the previous cycle stored in the determination result storage means, it is possible to determine whether the patient is in the knee-flexed state or in the side sitting state. Specifically, when the posture determination result in the previous cycle is a sitting state,
When the patient is in the side sitting state in the current cycle and the posture determination result in the previous cycle is in the lying state, it can be determined that the patient is in the knee-flexing and leg-facing state in the current cycle. The posture determined as described above can be taken when the patient is lying down (stretched state, normal flexion lying state, knee flexion lying down state) and when the patient is sitting. By classifying the posture into a posture (extended sitting state, kneeling sitting state, side sitting state), it is possible to determine whether the patient is lying or sitting.

Table 1 shows a list of posture determination conditions and determination results. Incidentally, _{L a} is press section overall length, _{L b} is the maximum group _{length, L th1} is the first threshold _{value, L th2} is the second threshold value,
L _{t h3} denotes a third threshold value.

[0017]

[Table 1]

The presence or absence of a patient can be determined by extracting the number of pressure detecting means in a reaction state based on the pressure data acquired by the data acquiring means.

Some patients have a condition in which sleeping in a normal posture is a safe state, while sleeping in an abnormal posture or a state of rising is a dangerous state. When such a posture of the patient is determined, it is possible to determine whether the current posture is in a dangerous state without referring to the determination result of the posture in the previous cycle and the third threshold value. It is.

In this case, as defined in claim 4, the patient monitoring device is configured to transmit pressure data detected by a plurality of pressure detection means arranged in a matrix at a predetermined density in the bedding installation area. Data acquisition means for acquiring, a compression area full length extraction means for extracting the length of the compression area based on the compression data acquired by the data acquisition means in the longitudinal direction of the bedding, and grouping the compression areas Pressurizing area grouping means, and the length of the pressurizing area group having the largest number of pressurizing detecting means among the pressurizing area groups obtained by the pressurizing area grouping means in the longitudinal direction of the bedding. Maximum group length extracting means for extracting the length, and the length of the patient extracted based on the length extracted by the pressurized area total length extracting means and the length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means. It consists a determination to attitude determination means.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the area (pressurized area) where the pressure detecting means in the reaction state is present is extracted by the data acquisition means, and the entire length of the pressurized area is extracted by the pressure applying area. The length of the bedding in the longitudinal direction (the entire length of the pressurized area) is extracted. Subsequently, the pressurized area grouping unit forms a pressurized area group from the pressurized areas. Further, the maximum group length extracting means selects the above-mentioned pressurized area group when the number of pressurized area groups is one, and when the number of pressurized area groups is two or more, the bedding of the group having the largest number of pressurizing detecting means. Is extracted in the longitudinal direction (maximum group length).

Subsequently, as clearly stated in claims 5 and 6, the posture discriminating means compares the total length of the pressure area with the first threshold, and determines that the total length of the pressure area is larger than the first threshold. Determines that the patient is in a prone position. In addition, when the entire length of the pressurized region is smaller than the first threshold, the maximum group length is compared with the second threshold. When the maximum group length is larger than the second threshold, the patient is usually in a crouched state. If the maximum group length is smaller than the second threshold,
When the patient is in the extensor position, the kneeling position,
Or, it is determined that the vehicle is in the side seating state. Therefore, according to the patient monitoring device of the fourth aspect, the patient can be monitored with a simple configuration and a simple determination method.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the patient monitoring apparatus of the first to sixth aspects, a warning generating condition setting means for setting a warning generating condition by a user, and the bedding determined by the warning generating condition and the posture determining means. A warning generation means for determining the presence or absence of a warning based on the result of the posture determination of the patient, and a warning generation means for issuing a warning in accordance with the determination result by the warning generation whether or not. It is a feature.

In the patient monitoring apparatus according to the seventh aspect, the warning generation condition setting means allows the user to arbitrarily set a warning generation condition, for example, the number of cycles (time) in which the patient is sitting. Based on the posture determination result stored in the determination result storage unit, the warning occurrence determination unit determines whether or not the number of continuous cycles of the state in which the patient is sitting has reached a warning generation condition. To determine. In this case, it is necessary to store at least the posture determination results for the number of cycles of the warning generation condition in the determination result storage means. When it is determined that a warning is to be generated, a warning is issued by a warning generating means using characters, graphics, sounds, or the like. However, when a warning is issued alone by a character or graphic, it is necessary to make the display blink so as to facilitate recognition.

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, an embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as Embodiment 1) of a patient monitoring apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a patient monitoring device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing the patient monitoring device in a recovery room 5 and a nurse station 6 of a hospital. It is a figure which shows the example of installation of. This patient monitoring device
The apparatus includes a bed sensor 1 disposed between the bed 7 and the mattress 8, a data processing device 2 described in detail later, and an alarm device 3 as the alarm generating means.

FIG. 2A is a front view for explaining the structure of the bed sensor 1, and FIG. 2B is a plan view thereof. The bed sensor 1 has 96 (1
6.times.6) ON / OFF pressure-sensitive sensors (hereinafter, referred to as pressure-sensitive sensors) 1a as pressure detecting means are arranged in a matrix.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data processing device 2. The data processing device 2 includes a data acquisition unit 10, a posture determination threshold value calculation unit 20, a state determination unit 30, and a warning occurrence determination unit 40.

The data acquisition means 10 is provided for each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a.
To obtain data indicating the ON / OFF state of. The posture determination threshold calculation unit 20 includes a height information extraction unit 21, a posture determination threshold calculation unit 22, and a posture determination threshold storage unit 23.
Consists, to calculate the threshold value _{L t h1, L th2, L} th3 of first, second and third used for determination of the position (either sitting or have knots) in the state judgment unit 30 to be described later.

The state discriminating unit 30 includes a reaction sensor number extracting means 31, a reaction sensor length extracting means 32 as the pressurized area total length extracting means, a reaction sensor grouping means 33 as the pressurized area grouping means, a maximum group. Length extraction means 34, presence / absence determination threshold storage means 35, state determination means 3
6 (absence / absence determination unit + posture determination unit) and state determination result storage unit 37, and determines the state (absence / absence / posture) of the patient.

The warning occurrence / non-occurrence determining section 40 comprises a warning occurrence condition setting means 41 and a warning occurrence / non-occurrence determining means 42.
Based on the result of determination by the state determination unit 30, the presence or absence of a warning is determined.

First, the first, second, and third thresholds L _th1 , L _th2 , and L _th3 in the above-described posture determination threshold calculator 20 are set.
The calculation method of will be described. (1) A caregiver, such as a nurse, instructs the patient to start monitoring the patient while maintaining the patient's posture in the extended posture. The data processing device 2 acquires ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a by the data acquiring unit 10 (see FIG. 4). At this time, in order to prevent chattering, ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a may be determined as follows.

Several times (for example, 10 times) in one cycle O
N / OFF information is acquired, and the number of times of ON and the number of times of OFF are extracted from the acquired data. If the sensor output in the previous cycle was ON, the sensor output in the current cycle, the number of the extracted ON N ₁ times (for example,
4 times) or more, ON if N less than ₁ time. On the other hand, the sensor output in the previous cycle is O
In the case of the FF state, the sensor output in the current cycle is extracted from the number of ON times N ₂ times (for example, 7 times).
If times) than ON, the to be OFF if _N less than ₂ times. However, when this method is used, in the initial cycle, the sensor output (ON,
OFF).

(2) ON by height information extracting means 21
The length of the sensor in the state (hereinafter, referred to as a reaction sensor) in the longitudinal direction of the bed 7 (hereinafter, referred to as the reaction sensor length) as the entire length of the pressurized area is extracted, and is set as the height L of the patient. In FIG. 4, the height L of the patient is 14.

(3) The first, second and third thresholds L _th1 ,
L _th2 and L _th3 are calculated.

Here, as described above, the first threshold L
It is necessary that _th1 be set to a value larger than the reaction sensor length extracted when the patient is in the above-described extended leg state shown in the upper part of FIG. Normally, the distance from the human buttocks to the heels is not more than 2/3 of the height, so in the first embodiment, the formula for calculating the first threshold L _th1 is (L × 2 /
3 + L × 1/5) = L × 13/15.

The second threshold value _Lth2 is determined by the patient as shown in FIG.
(A) It must be set to a value larger than the maximum group length extracted when in the horizontal sitting state shown in the upper part. Investigations by the inventor have revealed that the maximum group length when the patient is in the side sitting state on the bed 7 is about half the height L of the patient. Therefore, the first embodiment
In the equation, the calculation formula of the second threshold L _th2 is (L × 4
/ 9 + L × 1/5) = L × 29/45.

[0042] Furthermore, a third threshold value L _th3 needs to be set to the maximum group length smaller value when the patient is in the knee had屈脚supine state shown in FIG. 6 (b) top. As a result of the study by the present inventor, it has been found that the maximum group length in the case where the patient is in the knee-flexed and bent-down state is about half the height L of the patient. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the calculation formula of the third threshold value L _th3 is represented by (L × _4/9
−L × 1/5) = L × 11/45.

Next, a description will be given of a method of determining the state of a patient in the state determination unit 30 and a method of determining whether or not a warning has occurred in the warning / non-warning determination unit 40.

(1) The data acquisition means 10 acquires ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a every 0.2 seconds.

(2) The number of reaction sensors extracting means 31
Based on ON / OFF information of the respective pressure-sensitive sensor 1a, to extract the reaction sensor number _{M 1.} The number of reaction sensors M ₁ is
In the state determination unit 36 to be described later, the patient is to determine whether there on the bed 7, is compared with the stationary absence determination threshold N ₁ stored in the resident absence determination threshold storing unit 35. Here, even when the patient does not exist on the pressure-sensitive sensor 1a, the sheet or the mattress 8 to be put on the mattress 8 is used.
There may be a case where several reaction sensors appear due to a cause such as deformation of the sensor. Therefore, a within absence determination threshold N _1, it is necessary to set in consideration of the phenomenon as described above. In the present embodiment 1, it has set this standing absence determination threshold N ₁ to 6.

(3) The reaction sensor length extracting means 32
Based on ON / OFF information of the respective pressure-sensitive sensor 1a, to extract the reaction sensor length _{L a.} The reaction sensor length _{L a} is
In a state determination unit 36 described later, the state is compared with a first threshold value _Lth1 , which is a reference value for determining whether or not the patient is lying on the bed 7.

(4) Based on the ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a, the reaction sensor grouping means 33 groups the reaction sensors connected in the longitudinal direction of the bed 7 or in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Extract and form groups. The lower part of FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the result of grouping when the patient is in the extensor position, as shown in the upper part of FIG. In this case, the first to seventh seven groups (G1
To G7) are formed. Also, the lower part of FIG. 5B is a plan view showing the result of grouping when the patient is in the normal flexion state as shown in the upper part of FIG. In this case, one group (G1) is formed.

(5) When the number of groups obtained by the reaction sensor grouping means 33 is one by the maximum group length extracting means 34, the number of reaction sensors constituting the group is the largest when the number of groups is two or more. extracting the reaction sensor length L _b of more groups. For example, when the number of groups is seven as shown in FIG. 5A, the reaction sensor length of the first group G1 having the largest number of reaction sensors is 4
There is maximum group length _{L b.} When the number of groups is one, as shown in FIG.
The reaction sensor length 10 becomes the maximum group length L _b. The maximum group length L _b is the state decision section 36 to be described later, is compared with a second threshold value L _th2 for determining whether a patient is in the normal屈脚Wo state. Further, a comparison is made with a third threshold value _Lth3 for determining whether the patient is in the extended leg sitting state or the kneeling sitting state.

(6) The state determination means 36 calculates the number of reaction sensors M ₁ extracted by the number of reaction sensors extraction means 31 and the presence / absence determination threshold N ₁ stored in the presence / absence determination threshold storage means 35. To determine whether the patient is on the bed 7 or not. Specifically, when the number of reaction sensors M ₁ is smaller than the presence / absence determination threshold N ₁ , it is determined that the patient is not on the bed 7. On the other hand, when the number of reaction sensors M ₁ is equal to or greater than the presence / absence determination threshold N _1, it is determined that the patient is on the bed 7.

[0050] If the patient is determined to have on the bed 7, compared with the reaction sensor length L _a is extracted by the reaction sensor length extracting means 32 and a first threshold value L _th1, patients in Shinmi Wo state It is determined whether or not there is. Specifically, if the reaction sensor length _{L a} is greater than the first threshold value _{L t h1} is
It is determined that the patient is lying on the bed 7, that is, lying down (see Table 1).

The reaction sensor length _{L a} first threshold value _{L th1}
If it is less, the maximum group length is extracted by the maximum group length extracting means 34 L _b and the second threshold value L _th2
To determine whether or not the patient is on the bed 7 in the normal flexed or recumbent state. Specifically, maximum group length L _b may greater than the second threshold value L _th2 is determined that the patient is in the normal屈脚Wo state (see Table 1). Moreover, compared with the maximum group length L _b and the third threshold value L _th3, the patient is determined whether or not the Shinashi seat state or knee stand seat state on the bed 7. Specifically, maximum group length L _b may third threshold L _th3 smaller than, determines that the patient is in a Shinashi seat state or knee stand seat state on the bed 7 (see Table 1).

When the maximum group length _Lb is equal to the second threshold L
If it is not more than _{th2 and not} less than the third threshold value L _th3 , the posture determination result of the previous cycle stored in the state determination result storage means 37 is referred to, and the patient is in the side sitting state or the knee is bent and lying. Determine if it is in the state. Specifically, when the posture determination result of the previous cycle is a sitting state, the patient is determined to be in a side sitting state, and when the posture determination result of the previous cycle is a lying state, the patient is It is determined that the user is in a knee-flexing and lying-down position (see Table 1). In addition, by the above-described determination, when it is determined that the patient is not on the bed 7, it is determined that the patient is in one of “absence”, a stretched state, a normal bent state, and a knee held state. In the case, it is determined that the subject is in the state of “lie”, and in the case of any one of the extended leg state, the knee-stand state, and the side sitting state, the determination result of “sitting” is stored in the state determination result storage unit 37. Let it.

(7) The warning occurrence / non-occurrence determining means 42
In accordance with the state determination result stored in the state determination result storage unit 37 and the warning generation condition set by the nurse or the like via the warning generation condition setting unit 41 such as a touch panel, a mouse, a keyboard, or the like, a warning is generated. Determine whether or not. In the first embodiment, it is determined whether the state in which the patient is absent on the bed 7 has continued for more than 5 cycles (that is, 1 second) or whether the patient has been sitting for more than 5 cycles. In any case, a warning is issued from the warning device 3. Table 2 shows an example of the process of determining whether or not a warning has occurred.

Some patients may be in a state of lying in an abnormal posture (knee holding and bending), which can be dangerous. In order to perform such monitoring of the patient by the same processing method, when the state determination unit 36 determines that the patient is in the knee-holding and flexing-lying position, for example, the state of “the patient is lying in an abnormal posture” The determination result is stored in the state determination result storage means 37, and the state in which the patient is absent on the bed 7 has continued for more than 5 cycles, and the state in which the patient has been sitting has continued for more than 5 cycles. If the state of lying in an abnormal posture continues for more than 5 cycles, the warning device 3 may issue a warning.

[0055]

[Table 2]

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the data processing device 2. The first embodiment
In the above, the warning generation condition setting means 41 also functions as means for instructing start and end of patient monitoring.
First, a caregiver or the like keeps the patient's posture in an upright position, and instructs to start monitoring the patient. The data processing device 2 acquires data by the data acquisition means 10 (step S1).
1) The height L of the patient is extracted from the acquired data (step S12).

Next, based on the height L, the first, second, and third thresholds L _th1 , L _th2 , and L _th3 are calculated based on Equation 1 and stored (step S13).

[0058]

L _th1 = L × _13/15 L _th2 = L × _29/45 L _th3 = L × _11/45 Note that each threshold value is obtained in advance and stored in the attitude determination threshold value storage means 23 in advance. You may leave. Further, each threshold may be obtained using a table or the like instead of the calculation.

Subsequently, the operation shifts to a normal patient monitoring state,
ON of each current pressure-sensitive sensor 1a by the data acquisition means 10
/ OFF information is obtained (step S14), and the reaction sensor
Number M ₁Is extracted (step S15). Subsequently, the reaction cell
Sensor number M₁Presence / absence determination threshold N₁
Are compared (step S16). M₁<N₁Determined
If the patient is not in bed 7
The process proceeds to a state determination process in step S24 described later. one
One, M₁≧ N₁If the patient is determined to be
And the reaction sensor length L_aExtract (Step
S17), first threshold L_th1(Step S
18).

[0060] If it is determined that L _a> L _th1 is a case where the patient is in Shinmi Wo state on the bed 7, the flow proceeds to state judgment processing at Step S24.

[0061] On the other hand, L is _{if a} ≦ L _th1 and is determined to extract the reaction sensors which are connected in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction or longitudinal direction of the bed 7, to form a group (step S19) . Subsequently, maximum group (resulting groups one case of its group, when it is two or more highest group number reactive sensors constituting) the reaction sensor length (maximum group length) L _b extract (Step S20).

[0062] Then, to compare the maximum group length _{L b} and the second threshold value _{L th2} (step S21). L _b >
If it is determined that L _th2, a case where the patient is in屈脚Wo state, the flow proceeds to state judgment processing at Step S24.

[0063] On the other hand, when it is judged that _{L b} ≦ _{L th2,} comparing the maximum group length _{L b} and the third threshold value _{L th3} (step S22). L b _<If it is determined that the L _th3 is a case where the patient is in Shinashi seat state or knee freshly seat state, the flow proceeds to step S24. Also,
If it is determined that _{L b} ≧ L _th3, i.e., L
_th2 when ≧ _{L b} ≧ _L is judged _t is _h3, the
The posture in the previous cycle stored in the internal memory is read (step S23), and the process proceeds to step S24.

Next, steps S16, S18, S21,
Based on the determination result in S22 and the posture determined in the previous cycle read in step S23, the current (current cycle) patient state is determined based on the criteria shown in Table 1 above, and the determination result is determined as the previous cycle determination result. Is stored in the internal memory (state determination result storage means 37) (step S2).
4). Next, it is determined whether or not the determined state matches the same warning target state as that determined in the previous cycle (step S25). ) And the state of the current cycle is also "absent", or the state of the previous cycle is "sitting" and the state of the current cycle is also "sitting") , The number of cycles i is incremented by 1 (step S
26) If they do not match, the cycle number i is set to 0 (step S27).

Next, the number of cycles i is equal to the reference value (Embodiment 1).
Then, it is determined whether or not 5) or more (step S2).
8) If not less than the reference value, a warning is issued and the monitoring operation is interrupted (step S29).

When a caregiver such as a nurse goes to the recovery room 5 and confirms that the patient is in a safe state, and instructs to resume the monitoring operation (step S30), the state determination result storage means 37 is stored in the state determination result storage means 37. The stored state determination result is initialized (step S31), and the process returns to step S14.
If it is determined in step S28 that the difference is less than the reference value, in step S32, a predetermined time (adjustment time for setting one cycle to 0.2 seconds, for example) as necessary.
And returns to step S14 to execute the monitoring operation.

The height L, the first to third thresholds, and the like are not limited to the processing of the flowchart in FIG. 9 and are obtained in advance. Each time, the processing of steps S14 to S30 may be performed to determine whether or not a warning has occurred.

As described above, in the first embodiment,
It is possible to determine not only the presence or absence of the patient in the recovery room 5 of the hospital, whether or not the patient is on the bed 7, but also whether the patient is lying or sitting on the bed 7. Further, since a warning is issued when a state that may be dangerous for the patient continues, it is not necessary for the nurse or the like to always care about the state of the patient.

[Modification of Embodiment 1] As is clear from Table 1, a patient who is in a condition where an abnormally lying state (knee holding and bending) can also be a dangerous state is obtained as shown in Table 1. It is possible to determine whether the current posture is in a dangerous state without referring to the posture determination result in the cycle or the third threshold value. Therefore, in this case, the third threshold value is calculated by the posture determination threshold value calculation means 22 and stored in the posture determination threshold value storage means 23, or the third threshold value is stored in the state determination result storage means 37 by the state determination means 36. There is no need to determine whether the patient is in a side sitting state or in a kneeling flexion and leg-down state by referring to the posture determination result of the cycle.

That is, the state judging means 36 compares the number M _{1 of} reaction sensors extracted by the number sensor 31 of extracting reaction sensors with the threshold N ₁ for presence / absence determination stored in the threshold storage means 35 for presence / absence determination. comparison, the reaction sensor number M ₁ may standing absence determination threshold N ₁ is smaller than discriminates patients not on the bed 7 with (dangerous state). on the other hand,
When the number of reaction sensors M ₁ is equal to or greater than the presence / absence determination threshold N _1, it is determined that the patient is on the bed 7.

[0071] If the patient is determined to have on the bed 7, compared with the reaction sensor length L _a is extracted by the reaction sensor length extracting means 32 and a first threshold value L _th1, the reaction sensor length L _a is a When it is larger than the threshold value _{Lth1 of} 1, it is determined that the patient is in the lying-down state (safety state) on the bed 7 (see Table 1).

[0072] The reaction sensor length _{L a} first threshold value _{L th1}
If it is less, the maximum group length is extracted by the maximum group length extracting means 34 L _b and the second threshold value L _th2
Comparing the door, maximum group length _{L b} is a second threshold value _{L th2}
If greater, patient is usually flexed (safe)
(See Table 1). On the other hand, if the maximum group length L _b is a second threshold value L _th2 smaller than, Shinashi seat state patient on bed 7, knee freshly seat state, the knee had屈脚Wo state of either Lateral state state ( (Danger state) (see Table 1).

In the flowchart of FIG. 9, step S2
If NO is determined in step 1, the determination process in step S22 and the reading process in step S23 are not performed, and the process may jump to the posture determination process in step S24. As described above, a monitoring operation can be performed by a simple determination process for a patient who is in a state where a state of lying in an abnormal posture (knee holding and bending) can also be a dangerous state.

[Embodiment 2] Another embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as Embodiment 2) of the patient monitoring apparatus according to the present invention will be described. The patient monitoring device according to the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as the patient monitoring device according to the first embodiment. The difference is that in the second embodiment, a change in the patient's body motion (for example, turning over) is also monitored. Hereinafter, this point will be described.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data processing device 2 of the patient monitoring device according to the second embodiment.
The data processing apparatus 2 includes a sensor output storage unit 51 and a difference detection unit in addition to the data acquisition unit 10, the posture determination threshold value calculation unit 20, the state determination unit 30, and the warning occurrence / non-occurrence determination unit 40. The apparatus includes a number-of-difference-sensors extracting means 52, a threshold value storage means 53 for body motion discrimination, a body motion discrimination means 54 as a posture change discrimination means, and a body motion discrimination result storage means 55.

The body motion discrimination in the body motion discrimination section 50 is as follows.
It is performed as follows. (1) The data acquisition means 10 acquires ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a in the current cycle.

(2) The difference sensor number extracting means 52
ON / OF of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a in the current cycle.
F information and stored in the sensor output storage means 51,
Based on the ON / OFF information of each pressure sensor 1a in the previous cycle, the pressure sensor which is responsive state is changed (hereinafter, referred to as differential sensor) for extracting a number M _2. The sensor output storage unit 51 stores ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a acquired by the data acquisition unit 10 at least until the next cycle. FIG. 11 (a)
(C) The lower part shows an example of the extraction result of the difference sensor.
Here, the upper part of the figure shows the posture of the patient, and the middle part shows the ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a.

(3) The body movement discriminating means 54 compares the number M _{2 of} difference sensors with the body movement discriminating threshold N ₃ stored in the body motion discriminating threshold storage means 53, and finds that the patient has a large body motion. It is determined whether or not a change has occurred. Specifically, if the differential sensor number M ₂ is the set value N ₃ or more, determines that the large body movement changes to a patient has occurred, differential sensor number M ₂
If is the set value N ₃ is less than determines that no occurs a large body movement changes to the patient. This discrimination result is stored in the body motion discrimination result storage means 55.

In the second embodiment, a warning is issued from the alarm device 3 even when a state in which a large change in body motion occurs in the patient continues for more than five cycles.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a process executed by the data processing unit in the second embodiment. Note that the processing of this flowchart is executed in parallel with the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9 and time division processing. First, ON / OF of each pressure sensor 1a in the current cycle.
F information is obtained and stored in the internal memory (sensor output storage means 51) for the next cycle (step S4).
1).

Next, based on the acquired ON / OFF information and the ON / OFF information of each pressure-sensitive sensor 1a in the previous cycle recorded in the internal memory, the number of difference sensors M ₂
Is extracted (step S42). Next, the difference sensor number M
_2, compared with the body movement determination threshold N ₃ which is set in advance (step S43), if an M _2> N _3, determines that the large body movement changes to a patient has occurred, the counter i Is incremented by 1 (step S44). Further, it is determined whether or not i is equal to or more than a reference value (for example, 5) (step S4).
5) If i is equal to or greater than the reference value, it is determined that the patient has continuously performed a large body motion for a predetermined number of cycles or more, and a warning is issued and the monitoring operation is interrupted (step S).
46).

When a caregiver such as a nurse goes to the recovery room 5 and confirms that the patient is in a safe state, and instructs to resume the monitoring operation (step S47), the body motion discrimination result storage means The body motion discrimination result stored in 55 is initialized (step S48), and the process returns to step S41. If it is determined in step S43 that M ₂ ≦ N _3, it is determined that no significant body movement has occurred in the patient, and the counter i is reset to 0 (step S4).
9). Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S50. Also, when it is determined in step S45 that the counter i has not reached the reference value, the process proceeds to step S50.

As described above, in the second embodiment,
For the patient in the recovery room 5 of the hospital, it is possible to determine not only the absence / absence or posture on the bed, but also whether a large change in body motion has occurred. This allows for appropriate monitoring of the patient, which is not possible with the prior art.

In the first or second embodiment, the case where the fixed bed 7 is used as the bedding is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to the case in which the bed is laid on a tatami mat or the like and the movable bed is used. It is also applicable when using a bed. However, in the case of a movable bed, as shown in FIG. 13, a back drive unit (bending unit) 7b that enables driving (bending) of the back 7a and a driving (bending) of the knee unit 7c are enabled. It is necessary to dispose the pressure-sensitive sensor 1a so as to avoid the above-knee drive section (bending section) 7d, that is, avoid the bending section.

In the first or second embodiment, the warning is issued when the posture or the large body movement of the warning is continued for a certain cycle or more. However, the conditions for issuing the warning can be arbitrarily changed. For example, a warning may be issued if the total time during which the posture or body motion of the warning target has occurred within a certain time exceeds the reference time.

[0086]

According to the first, second or third aspect of the present invention, the patient can take a posture that can be taken on the bedding, specifically, a lying posture,
It is possible to determine which of a normal flexed state, a knee held flexed state, an extended leg state, a standing up state, and a lateral sitting state. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the patient is lying or sitting. Further, according to the invention of claim 4, 5 or 6, the patient is in a lying posture state, a normal bending posture state, or in any other state (knee holding posture, extension leg state, kneeling seat) State, side sitting state).
Therefore, the patient is monitored with a simple configuration and a discrimination process in which the state of lying in a normal posture is a safe state, and the state of lying in an abnormal posture or sitting is in a dangerous state. There is an effect that can be.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when it is determined that a warning has occurred, a warning is issued by voice or the like, so that a nurse or the like always keeps the patient's abnormality in order not to overlook the patient's abnormality. The effect is that there is no need to worry about the situation.

[0088]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a patient monitoring device. (B) is a figure which shows the example of installation of the same patient monitoring apparatus in a recovery room and a nurse station.

FIG. 2A is a front view for explaining the structure of a bed sensor. (B) is a top view for explaining the structure of a bed sensor.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a data processing device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method for extracting a reaction sensor length.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a reaction state of each pressure-sensitive sensor when a patient is in a state of an extended leg seat. (B) is a figure which shows the reaction state of each pressure-sensitive sensor when a patient is in a normal bending posture.

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a reaction state of each pressure-sensitive sensor when a patient is in a side sitting state. (B) is a figure which shows the reaction state of each pressure-sensitive sensor when a patient is in a knee-flexing and lying posture.

FIGS. 7A to 7C are views showing a process of changing a posture from a stretched state to a sideways sitting state.

8 (a) to 8 (c) are views showing a process of changing a posture from a stretched-down state to a knee-flexed state.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the data processing device.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a data processing device according to a second embodiment.

FIGS. 11A to 11C are diagrams for explaining a method of extracting a difference sensor.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the data processing device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a modification of the bed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bed sensor 1a Pressure sensor 2 Data processing device 3 Alarm device 5 Recovery room 6 Nurse station 7 Bed 7a Upper back 7b Upper driving unit 7c Upper knee 7d Above knee driving unit 8 Mattress 10 Data acquisition means 20 Posture determination threshold calculation Unit 21 height information extraction means 22 posture determination threshold calculation means 23 posture determination threshold storage means 30 state determination unit 31 number of reaction sensors extraction means 32 reaction sensor length extraction means 33 reaction sensor grouping means 34 maximum group length extraction means 35 Absence determination threshold storage means 36 State determination means 37 State determination result storage means 40 Warning occurrence determination unit 41 Warning generation condition setting means 42 Warning occurrence determination means 50 Body movement determination unit 51 Sensor output storage means 52 Difference sensor number extraction means 53 Threshold storage means for body movement discrimination 54 Body movement discrimination means 5 Motion determination result storage means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-2-149248 (JP, A) JP-A-10-272108 (JP, A) JP-A-11-342161 (JP, A) JP-A-5- 161613 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 5/00 A61B 10/00

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A data acquisition means for repeatedly acquiring pressure data detected by a plurality of pressure detection means arranged in a matrix at a predetermined density in a bedding installation area; Pressurized area total length extracting means for extracting the length of the pressurized area in the longitudinal direction of the bedding based on the pressurized data; Pressurized area grouping means for grouping the pressurized areas; Means for extracting the length of the pressurized area group having the largest number of pressurized detecting means out of the pressurized area groups obtained by the means in the longitudinal direction of the bedding; Discrimination result storage means for storing a patient's posture discrimination result; a length extracted by the pressurized area total length extraction means; a length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means; Serial determination result based on the discriminated by the previous determination cycle stored position in the storage means, the patient monitoring apparatus comprising: an attitude determination means for determining the patient's posture, the. 2. The patient monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a first threshold, a second threshold smaller than the first threshold, and a third threshold smaller than the second threshold are stored. Storage means, wherein the posture determination means is configured to store the length extracted by the pressure area total length extraction means and the first
When the length extracted by the pressurized area total length extracting means is larger than the first threshold value, it is determined that the patient is in the lying down position, and the pressurized area total length extracting means is determined. The length extracted by
Is determined to be smaller than the threshold value, and the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means is compared with the second threshold value. When the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means is larger than the second threshold value, It is determined that the patient is in the normal flexion position, and the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means is compared with a third threshold value. When the length is smaller than the second threshold, and when the length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means is smaller than the second threshold and larger than the third threshold. In the case where the posture in the previous cycle stored in the determination result storage means is in a state of lying down, the current posture is kneeling and flexing and lying down, and the posture in the previous cycle is sitting. When in the state Current posture is determined to be in an Lateral state, patient monitoring devices, characterized in that. 3. The patient monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first threshold value is set to a value larger than a length extracted by the full length pressurized area extracting means when the patient is in the extensor position. The second threshold is set to a value larger than the length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means when the patient is in the side sitting state, and the third threshold is set to the state in which the patient holds the knee and flexes. When in
A patient monitoring device, wherein the value is set to a value smaller than the length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means. 4. A data acquisition means for acquiring pressure data detected by a plurality of pressure detection means arranged in a matrix at a predetermined density in a bedding installation area, and a pressurization acquired by the data acquisition means. A pressurized region total length extracting unit that extracts a length of the pressurized region based on the data in the longitudinal direction of the bedding; a pressurized region grouping unit that groups the pressurized regions; Maximum group length extracting means for extracting the length in the longitudinal direction of the bedding of the pressurizing area group having the largest number of pressurizing detecting means out of the obtained pressurizing area groups; Posture determination means for determining the posture of the patient based on the length extracted by the means and the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means. Visual apparatus. 5. The patient monitoring apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: threshold storage means for storing a first threshold value and a second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value; The length extracted by the region total length extracting means and the first
When the length extracted by the pressurized area total length extracting means is larger than the first threshold value, it is determined that the patient is in the lying down position, and the pressurized area full length extracting means is determined. The length extracted by
Is determined to be smaller than the threshold value, and the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means is compared with the second threshold value. When the length extracted by the maximum group length extraction means is larger than the second threshold value, It is determined that the patient is in the normal flexion position, and when the length determined by the maximum group length extraction means is smaller than the second threshold, the patient is in the extended leg position, the kneeling position, and the knee rest position. A patient monitoring device, which determines whether the patient is in a flexed or recumbent state or a side sitting state. 6. The patient monitoring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first threshold value is set to a value larger than a length extracted by the pressurized region full length extracting means when the patient is in the extensor position. Wherein the second threshold value is set to a value larger than the length extracted by the maximum group length extracting means when the patient is in the horizontal sitting state. 7. The patient monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a warning generation condition setting means for setting a warning generation condition by a user, and the warning generation condition and said posture determination means. Warning determining means for determining whether or not a warning is generated based on the determination result of the patient's posture on the bedding, and warning generating means for issuing a warning in accordance with the determination result by the warning generating or not determining means. A patient monitoring device, characterized in that: