JP3131241U - Vise and material testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To deal with various tests with one vice.
In a vise, two left and right U-shaped members 72 are placed on a slide base 71, and the U-shaped opening portions are arranged so as to face each other. Each U-shaped member 72 is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the slide base 71, and can be fixed to the position using a bolt 73 and a nut screwed to the bolt 73 after being determined at an appropriate position. An engagement bolt 75 is screwed into the upper portion 72a of the U-shaped member 72, and a pressing member 74 is attached to the tip thereof. When the engagement bolt 75 is screwed into the U-shaped member 72, the pressing member 74 is lowered downward, and therefore, between the pressing member 74 and the lower portion 72b of the U-shaped member. When the specimen is put on the specimen, the specimen is sandwiched between the vices 7 and fixed. Various tests such as a pull-out test, a compression test, and a bending test can be performed using this vise.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vise for attaching a specimen to a material testing machine, and a material testing machine for measuring characteristics of the specimen as a material or measuring forces related to various phenomena.

  A general material testing machine is provided with a load mechanism for applying a tensile or compressive load to a specimen and a strain measuring mechanism for measuring a deformation amount of the specimen. An outline of the tensile test of a metal plate will be described as follows. A specimen molded to a specified size is mounted on a testing machine so that both ends thereof are gripped by upper and lower chucks. Of the two chucks, the lower chuck is fixed to the machine base of the testing machine, and the upper chuck is fixed to a cross head movable up and down. A load cell is interposed between the crosshead and the upper chuck so that the test force applied to the specimen can be measured through the upper chuck. When the test starts, the crosshead is driven upward, and a tensile force is applied to the specimen mounted between the chucks. The force is measured by the load cell described above, and the amount of strain in the direction of elongation of the specimen is measured by an extensometer or the like attached to the specimen. From these measured values, the characteristics of the specimen as a material are measured and calculated.

  In addition to measuring material properties as described above, the material tester measures the function of loading the test force provided in the material tester, the function of measuring the test force, the elongation of the specimen, or the displacement of the load mechanism. Various tests and experiments can be performed by using functions. In a tensile test or the like, the specimen is held by two upper and lower chucks. Depending on the purpose of the test and the shape of the specimen, it is necessary to use a jig suitable for the specimen. For example, in order to hold a deformed specimen, a vise for grasping and fixing one end of the specimen may be required.

An example of a vise holding a specimen is described in Patent Document 1.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-46726 (FIG. 1)

  If a special jig is prepared according to the purpose of the test and the shape of the specimen, an appropriate test can be performed, but for that purpose it is necessary to design the jig each time, which is laborious and expensive. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and provides a general-purpose vice that can handle a number of tests, and a testing machine that can perform many types of tests using this vice. The purpose is to do.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a vise for attaching a specimen to a material testing machine, and has a base having a holding portion that slidably holds a member to be engaged in a longitudinal direction, and the base Two U-shaped members that engage with the holding portion, pressing members that are respectively disposed inside the U-shaped members of the U-shaped members, and the U-shaped members that are the respective pressing members. And an engagement bolt that supports the base in such a manner that it can be pressed in the direction of the portion engaged with the base, and the two U-shaped members have the U-shaped openings facing each other. It is characterized by being held in.

  Since the specimen is held by the U-shaped member whose distance between the two can be adjusted, it is possible to deal with specimens of various shapes. Since the pressing member for holding the specimen is pressed while being engaged by the U-shaped member and the engagement bolt, the workability of the work of sandwiching the specimen is good.

  The engaging bolt includes a pressing bolt having a screw formed on the outer surface and having a hollow near the center axis, and a hanging bolt inserted from the head into the hollow hole of the pressing bolt. It is preferable that the length of the state screwed into the pressing member is larger than the total length of the pressing bolt.

  The pressing member and the outer pressing bolt are connected by the inner hanging bolt among the double combined bolts. At this time, since the outer pressing bolt can freely rotate around the inner suspension bolt, the pressing member can be coupled by screwing this pressing bolt into the screw hole formed on the upper side of the U-shaped member. It is possible to have a function of pressing against the lower side of the U-shaped member.

  In addition, if the inner corner of the portion of the U-shaped member that engages with the base is formed on the cylindrical surface, this vise is used as a fulcrum and this vise is used for a three-point bending test or a four-point bending test. It can be used as a jig.

  It has a load mechanism that applies test force to the specimen, and a load cell that measures the test force, and is equipped with the above-mentioned vice to hold the specimen, so it can be used for specimens of various shapes. It can be a material testing machine that can cope with various test contents.

In the vice of the present invention, since the U-shaped member is adopted as a holding mechanism for the specimen, it can be used for specimens of various shapes. In addition, since the distance between the left and right U-shaped members can be changed according to the size of the specimen, it can be used regardless of the size of the specimen. Furthermore, since the engagement bolt which consists of a double volt | bolt is employ | adopted, the workability | operativity at the time of hold | maintaining a test body is good.
Moreover, since the material testing machine is configured using such a vice, specimens having various shapes can be tested with various test contents.

  A vice of the present invention and a material testing machine using the vice will be described with reference to a schematic configuration diagram shown in FIG. The test machine main body 1 has a screw rod 3 standing on the left and right on a machine base 2 (the screw rod is hidden in the cover in the figure), and its upper portion is fixed by a yoke 4. The screw rod 3 is rotatably fixed to the machine base 2 and the yoke 4, and the crosshead 5 is attached to the screw rod 3 via a nut. When the screw rod 3 is rotated by a motor (not shown) built in the machine base 2, the crosshead 5 is driven in the vertical direction.

  A load cell 6 for measuring the test force applied to the specimen is fixed to the center of the crosshead 5. A vise 7 is fixed to the machine base 2. In the illustrated example, the specimen S sandwiched between the vices 7 has two members bonded together, the lower member is sandwiched between the vices, and the hook member is attached to the upper member. ing. By hooking a wire or the like attached to the load cell 6 on this hook-shaped member, the crosshead 5 and the hook-shaped member are engaged via the load cell 6. If the crosshead 5 is driven upward in this state, a tensile force is applied to the bonded portion of the specimen, and it is possible to measure how much the bonded portion can be peeled off.

  The structure of the vice 7 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A is a front view, and FIG. 2B is a side view thereof. The vise 7 has two left and right U-shaped members 72 mounted on a slide base 71, and the U-shaped opening portions are arranged to face each other. Each U-shaped member 72 has a bulge formed on the lower surface thereof, and is fitted into a groove formed on the upper surface of the slide base 71. With this structure, the U-shaped member 72 is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the slide base 71, and can be fixed at that position using a bolt 73 and a nut that is screwed to the bolt 73 after being determined at an appropriate position. . In order to determine the slide position of the U-shaped member, a scale 76 is affixed to the front side surface of the slide base 71 so that the center position and the position in the left-right direction can be seen. An engagement bolt 75 is screwed into the upper portion 72a of the U-shaped member 72, and a pressing member 74 is attached to the tip thereof. When the engagement bolt 75 is screwed into the U-shaped member 72, the pressing member 74 descends downward. Therefore, the pressing member 74 and the lower portion 72b of the U-shaped member (slide base) When the specimen is placed between the contact portion and the part), the specimen is sandwiched between the vices 7 and fixed. A pin 77 for positioning with respect to the machine base 2 of the material testing machine is formed at the lower part of the slide base 71, and the center of the vise and the center of the testing machine body 1 can be aligned by this pin 77. . The slide base 71 is fixed to the machine base 2 with a bolt or the like (not shown).

  In addition, in order to use this vise 7 as a fulcrum for supporting a specimen for a two-point bending test or a three-point bending test, the corner 72c of the lower portion 72b of the U-shaped member 72 is rounded so that the cross section is It is also effective to make it part of a cylinder. If it does so, it will mount so that a plate-shaped test piece may be passed to the two lower parts 72b on the right and left, and a 2 point or 3 point bending test will be performed by giving a bending load using a pressing jig from the top. be able to.

  The structure of the engagement bolt 75 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The engagement bolt 75 includes an outer pressing bolt 75a and an inner suspension bolt 75b. The pressing bolt 75a is formed by forming a hole with a circular cross section penetrating in the axial direction at the center of a bolt having a hexagonal head. A male screw is formed on the entire side surface portion of the pressing bolt 75a like a normal bolt, and is screwed into a female screw formed on the upper portion 75a of the U-shaped member. The shaft portion of the suspension bolt 75b is a bolt having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the hole formed at the center of the pressing bolt 75a, and when inserted into the hole, it can rotate with a margin inside. . The head of the suspension bolt 75b has a hexagonal shape such as a hexagonal bolt or a cylindrical shape with a hole such as a hexagonal bolt. A male screw is formed at least at the tip of the shaft of the suspension bolt 75b. The male screw portion is screwed with a female screw formed on the pressing member 74.

  The engaging bolt 75 is assembled to the upper portion 72a of the U-shaped member 72 as follows. First, the pressing bolt 75a alone is screwed into the upper portion 72a so that the tip thereof protrudes from the lower surface of the upper portion 72a. Next, the suspension bolt 75b is inserted into the center hole of the pressing bolt 75a. Since the tip of the suspension bolt 75b comes out of the tip of the pressing bolt 75a, the pressing member 74 is applied from below, and the male screw at the tip of the suspension bolt 75b is screwed into the female screw of the pressing member 74. Since the female screw of the pressing member 74 is not a through-penetrating screw but a screw hole with a bottom, when the suspension bolt 75b is screwed, further advancement cannot be made at the end. FIG. 3 shows this state. Since the length of the suspension bolt 75b screwed into the pressing member 74 is larger than the entire length of the pressing bolt 75a, the assembly of the suspension bolt 75b and the pressing member 74 is integrated. However, as a whole, the pressing bolt 75a, the suspension bolt 75b, and the pressing member 74 become a set.

  In this state, the pressing member 74 is driven up and down by rotating the pressing bolt 75a with respect to the upper portion 72a. When the pressing bolt 75a is tightened in a state where the specimen is placed below the pressing member 74, the pressing member 74 first comes into contact with the specimen, and when the pressing bolt 75a is further tightened, the tip of the pressing bolt 75a is moved. Since the upper surface of the pressing member 74 is pushed, the specimen is sandwiched and fixed between the pressing member 74 and the lower portion 72b of the U-shaped member 72.

  When the holding of the specimen is released, the pressing bolt 75a is rotated in the direction of loosening the upper portion 72a of the U-shaped member. Then, first, the tip of the pressing bolt 75a moves away from the pressing member 74 and there is no pressing force on the specimen, and when the pressing bolt 75a is further rotated, the head portion of the pressing bolt 75a pushes up the head portion of the suspension bolt 75b. As a result, the pressing member 74 integrated with the suspension bolt 75b moves away from the specimen and moves upward. If the pressing member 74 is sufficiently lifted, the specimen can be easily taken out.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of how this vise is used for various types of tests. In FIG. 4, the engagement bolt 75 and the like are not drawn to simplify the drawing. The reference numerals used in FIG. 4 are common, S is a specimen, C is a chuck, A is a pressing jig, B is a platen, F is a direction of a test force, and 7 is a vise.

  FIG. 4A shows a configuration for testing the adhesive strength. One of the two bonded members is fixed by the pressing member of the vice 7, and the grip portion extending from the other member is gripped by the chuck C connected to the cross head. A force is applied in the direction of arrow F by driving the crosshead to test the adhesive strength of the two members.

  FIG. 4B is an example in which the adhesive strength is tested in the same manner as described above. In this example, one of the two bonded members is not fixed by the pressing member of the vice 7 but is tested only by being hooked on the upper portion of the U-shaped member. Such a usage method is also possible depending on the shape of the specimen.

  FIG. 4C is an example in which a fiber pull-out test of the carpet S is performed. Place a plate with a window in the center on a horizontally placed carpet, and sandwich the plate and carpet together with a vice 7. Then, the fiber of the carpet protruding upward from the hole of the plate is gripped by the chuck C, and the pulling strength of the fiber is tested.

  FIG. 4D is an example of a compression test. The platen B is fixed by the vice 7 and the specimen S is placed thereon. Then, a compression test is performed by applying a compression load to the specimen S with the pressing jig A from above.

  FIG. 4E is an example of a cantilever bending test. One end of a specimen S of a plate material or a round bar is sandwiched between one side of the vice 7 and the pressing jig A is brought into contact with the specimen S from above. Then, the cantilever bending test of the specimen S is performed by further displacing the pressing jig A downward.

  FIG. 4F is an example of a bending test. Without using the pressing member of the vice 7, the specimen is placed directly on the lower part of the U-shaped member. If it presses with the press jig | tool A which has one fulcrum from the top in the state, a 3 point | piece bending test can be performed. Here, if the pressing jig A has a shape having two fulcrums, a four-point bending test can be performed. In this bending test, the lower portion of the U-shaped member of the vice 7, that is, the corner (72c in FIG. 2) of the portion on which the specimen is placed is formed in a cylindrical shape having a predetermined radius. It is effective.

It is a schematic block diagram of the material testing machine of this invention. It is a figure which shows the vice of this invention. It is a figure which shows the engagement bolt which is a part of vise. It is a figure which shows the example of the test using the vice of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Test machine main body, 2 ... Machine stand, 3 ... Screw rod, 4 ... Yoke, 5 ... Cross head, 6 ... Load cell, 7 ... Vise, 71 ... Slide base, 72 ... U-shaped member, 73 ... Bolt, 74: pressing member, 75: engagement bolt

Claims (4)

  A vise for attaching a specimen to a material testing machine, and a base having a holding portion that holds a member to be engaged slidably in a longitudinal direction, and two U-shapes that engage with the holding portion of the base A mold member, a pressing member disposed inside each of the U-shaped members of the U-shaped member, and a portion that engages the base while engaging each of the pressing members with the U-shaped member. The vise is characterized in that the two U-shaped members are held by the base so that the U-shaped openings face each other.   The engaging bolt includes a pressing bolt having a screw formed on the outer surface and having a hollow near the center axis, and a hanging bolt inserted from the head into the hollow hole of the pressing bolt. The vise according to claim 1, wherein the length of the state of being screwed into the pressing member is larger than the total length of the pressing bolt.   The vise according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner angle of a portion of the U-shaped member engaged with the base is formed in a cylindrical surface.   A material test comprising a load mechanism for applying a test force to a specimen, a load cell for measuring the test force, and the vice described in claims 1 to 3 as a vise for holding the specimen. Machine.

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