JP3127489B2 - Waste separation equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste separation apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for separating building waste into incombustibles and combustibles. 2. Description of the Related Art Recently, the treatment of municipal solid waste has become a major social problem. Among them, there are various problems in which building waste is crashed and then divided into incombustibles and combustibles. Raises the issue. Hitherto, a vibrating screen has been used as a device for separating waste building materials into incombustibles and combustibles, in which a screen having a predetermined mesh is stretched in a casing thereof. While this casing is vibrated by, for example, a pair of vibrating electric motors, and conveyed on the screen by vibrating by a pair of vibrating motors, it is separated into a screen under the screen and a screen above the screen. They are separated and collected, and paper, plastic sheets, wood chips and the like are collected as combustible materials on the sieve. That is, metal dust, rubble, pebbles, and the like as incombustible materials generally have a small particle size, and wood chips, paper, plastic sheets, and the like are relatively bulky, and are separated on a sieve because of their large particle size. However, some of the combustibles have a smaller particle size as the sieve goes down. For example, wood chips and paper chips smaller than the mesh of the screen are often separated and accommodated in the incombustibles. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and generally has a sufficiently high selection of, for example, building waste materials into incombustibles and combustibles for separation into incombustibles and combustibles. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refuse separation device capable of separating waste at different temperatures. [0005] The object of the present invention is to stretch a screen having a predetermined mesh size in a closed casing, and to blow air upward from below the screen, while the air is blown upward. A vibrating screen that conveys the refuse on the screen while causing the casing to vibrate while causing the casing to vibrate, and a wind separator that receives the sifter of the vibrating screen and separates the refuse having a relatively small specific gravity into large refuse. Consisting of a relatively large specific gravity discharged from the vibrating screen and from the wind separator as non-combustible waste, and a relatively low specific gravity discharged from the wind separator. The present invention is achieved by a refuse separating apparatus characterized in that the refuse is received as combustible waste. Now, assuming that the garbage is construction waste, it is crushed by a crusher (a crusher) in a known manner. For example, an aluminum can or the like is formed into a compressed lump in a crushed state. In addition, various paper waste, wood waste, plastic waste,
There are also debris such as stones and debris, but these are supplied into a closed casing and are transferred over the screen by the vibration of this casing. In this state, those having a relatively high specific gravity are transported close to the screen, and those having a relatively low specific gravity are transported while occupying the upper part of the waste layer. As described above, incombustible materials smaller than the mesh size of the screen, such as rubble, stones, metal scraps, etc., are collected on the incombustible side under the sieve, and most of the dust larger than the mesh size of the screen is mainly wood chips, paper, The vibrating screen is discharged from a vibrating screen to a wind separator for the next step. In addition, even flammable debris with a relatively small specific gravity, which is smaller than the screen mesh, becomes soared by air blasting from below the screen and stays far away from the screen. Since it is transported while it is being sieved, it is supplied not to the sieve but to the wind sifter as the sieve. Incombustibles larger than the mesh of the screen, for example, metal scraps, stones, rubble, etc., are supplied to a wind separator as a sieve. [0007] In a wind separator, as is well known, a relatively high specific gravity waste and a relatively low specific gravity waste are separated by an air flow introduced at a predetermined flow velocity, and the relatively high specific gravity waste is incombustible. Garbage that is collected and has relatively low specific gravity, such as wood chips, paper, and plastic sheets, is collected on the combustible material side. As described above, even if the garbage is like construction waste, it can be separated into incombustible garbage and combustible garbage with a higher degree of selection than before. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows the entirety of the present apparatus. The construction waste material separating apparatus is generally indicated by reference numeral 10, and includes a vibrating screen 1 and a wind separator 2 receiving the above sieve on the most upstream side, and a wind separator 2 from the vibrating screen 1. It comprises an incombustibles collection container 3 which is discharged as waste having a relatively high specific gravity and a combustibles recovery container 4 which is recovered as waste having a relatively low specific gravity. Furthermore,
The screen below the vibrating screen 1 is discharged to the incombustibles recovery container 3 side. FIG. 2 shows the details of the vibrating screen 1 shown in FIG.
, A punch metal 12 is stretched as a screen inside a substantially rectangular closed casing 11.
Thereby, the inside of the closed casing 11 is defined by an upper space 19 and a lower space 18, and an air ejection pipe 17 is connected to a rear wall portion of the casing 11 so as to communicate with the lower space 18, through which the air is compressed from the outside. Air is introduced into the lower space 18 in the closed casing 11. The upper space 19 is formed as an upper air passage in the closed casing 11, and a pair of ducts 15 and 16 are provided in the upper wall. In addition, closed casing 1
The right end of 1 has an upper sieve discharge port 13 and a lower sieve discharge port 14. A pair of drive unit mounting plates 21, 21 are mounted on the bottom wall of the closed casing 11, and a vibration motor 22a, 22b having a known structure is mounted on each of them. Further, the closed casing 11 includes a pair of columns 2.
3 and 24 are supported via anti-vibration springs 25 and 26. The columns 23 and 24 are supported on a base 27,
It is assumed that the base 27 is provided so as to be adjusted in height with respect to the wind separator 2 shown in FIG. The punch metal 12 has a predetermined mesh size, that is, the punch metal 12 is formed by forming a large number of round holes having a predetermined diameter in a metal plate, for example, in a grid pattern. For example, the diameter is 5 mm. The width of the closed casing 11 is 1.5 to 1.8 m.
And the capacity of the vibration motor is 5.5 kW or 7.5
It is about kw. Further, it is assumed that a hopper 20 is provided at the left end portion of the closed casing 11 and stores the building waste of this embodiment. Actually, it is considerably larger than the closed casing 11, but is shown in a reduced size for simplification. Building waste garbage has an apparent specific gravity of 0.6-0.
8, but 15 to 20 per hour according to the present embodiment.
Let m ³ be processed. Next, the details of the wind separator 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Although this has a known structure, a triangular separating plate 32 is provided on the bottom wall side in the closed casing 30, and a central portion thereof is formed as a ridge line 32 a, and a relatively specific gravity is formed by this as a boundary. And a waste port H for discharging the waste m having a relatively large specific gravity and a waste port H for discharging the waste H having a relatively small specific gravity. Outlet 3
5 is provided, and a compressed air inlet 33 is provided on the left wall of the closed casing 30, and an air outlet 34 is provided on the right end wall of the casing 30 to face the compressed air inlet 33. The outlets 34 and 36 are respectively shown in FIG.
Through the routes P and Q, it is guided to the incombustibles recovery container 3 and the combustibles recovery container 4 side. Routes P and Q
May be, for example, a belt conveyor, or a non-combustible material recovery container 3 and a combustible material recovery container 4 may be provided directly below the belt conveyor. An apparatus 1 for separating construction waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
0 is configured as described above. Next, this operation will be described. In FIG. 2, a large amount of building waste is stored in the hopper 20, and is discharged from the left end of the closed casing 11 of the vibrating screen 1 from this. The closed casing 1 is driven by the driving of the vibration motors 22a and 22b.
1 vibrates in the direction of arrow a, whereby the building waste debris is transferred to the right side in FIG. The lower space 18 of the screen 12 during the transfer
Compressed air is introduced into the screen 12 through the conduit 17 and is ejected toward the upper space 19 side of the screen 12, so that the dust on the screen 12 is in a flowing state, and the dust having a relatively small specific gravity moves to the upper part of the dust layer. The dust occupying and having a relatively large specific gravity is transferred by vibration while taking a position below the dust layer, that is, a position close to the screen 12. As a result, dust smaller than the mesh of the screen 12 falls down to the lower space 18 side as a sieve, and dust larger than the mesh is transferred to the right as a result of vibration on the sieve and is discharged from the discharge port 13 to the next-stage air filter. 2 and the lower part of the sieve is discharged from the discharge port 14 into the incombustibles recovery container 3 in FIG. Although the refuse is transported on the screen 12 in a fluidized state, the refuse is relatively small in specific gravity. Even if the refuse is smaller than the mesh of the screen 12, the refuse is in a fluidized state. , The air sifter 2 passes through the outlet 13 as a sieve.
Will be supplied. In addition, dust which is smaller than the mesh of the screen 12 and has a relatively large specific gravity
Is emitted as incombustibles. In particular, dust, small pieces of paper and wood that are close to ash are surely dusted, and the screen 1
Without falling below 2, the waste is supplied to the wind separator 2 from the discharge port 13 as it is on the sieve as it is as upper layer waste. As described above, building waste recycle is supplied from the vibrating screen 1 to the wind separator 2 in a state where both combustible and non-combustible substances are mixed. In FIG. Is injected into the casing 30 by free fall, while receiving the air jet A from the air jet port 33 in the left end wall, and dust having a relatively large specific gravity, for example, rubble, stone, metal scrap m. Passes through the discharge port 35, passes through the route P, and is collected in the incombustibles collection container 3 side. In addition, the refuse, paper waste and wood refuse H having a relatively small specific gravity cross the ridgeline 32a of the separation plate 32 and pass through the route Q from the refuse outlet 36 on the right side in FIG.
Discharged to the side. As described above, the building waste M is separated into combustibles and non-combustibles. However, the screen M is separated into non-combustibles and combustibles by the mesh size on the upstream vibrating screen 1 and is selected by wind. Because it is supplied to the machine 2,
The load is kept low, and thus the degree of selection is kept high, where the relatively high specific gravity and the relatively low specific gravity are separated, and the latter is separated as combustibles and the former as incombustibles. However, in the vibrating screen 1, even if the dust is smaller than the mesh, combustible waste such as dust having a small specific gravity is transferred as an upper layer, and is almost certainly supplied to the wind separator 2. Here, the refuse having relatively small specific gravity is supplied to the combustible material side.
Therefore, metal scraps, rubble, stones, and the like as incombustibles can be reliably collected as incombustibles. Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is, of course, not limited to this, and various modifications can be made based on the technical concept of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the vibration motors 22a and 22b are provided in the vibration drive section of the vibration screen.
Of course, an electromagnet drive unit or a crank drive unit may be used instead. Further, the wind separator 2 is not limited to the above illustrated example. For example, a very light material is dropped along its center line by using a cyclone that performs a wind selection operation, and the specific gravity is relatively heavy. In other words, materials with large mass are separated and discharged outward by centrifugal force,
Combustibles and non-combustibles may be separated. Further, in the above embodiments, construction waste was described as garbage. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to general municipal garbage. As described above, according to the waste separation apparatus of the present invention, even waste such as construction waste can be separated into incombustibles and combustibles with better selectivity than before. it can.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire construction waste material separating apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a partially broken side view showing details of a vibrating screen in the device. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of a wind separator in the same device. [Explanation of symbols] 1 Vibration screen 2 Wind separator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI B09B 5/00 B09B 5/00 L

Claims (1)

(57) Claims: A screen having a predetermined mesh size is stretched in a closed casing, and the casing is vibrated while blowing air upward from below the screen, so that the screen is screened. A vibrating screen that conveys the upper debris while keeping it in a fluidized state; and a wind separator that receives the top of the vibrating screen and separates the debris into relatively small and large debris. Relatively large specific waste discharged from below and the wind separator is received as incombustible waste, and relatively low specific waste discharged from the wind separator is received as combustible waste. A refuse separation device characterized by the following.