JP3075861B2 - Numerical control unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool, and more particularly to a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool for processing a prototype or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The technological development of a numerically controlled machine tool is remarkable, and it is possible to process a workpiece having a complicated shape at high speed and with high accuracy. At present, a workpiece having a complicated shape cannot be machined without a numerically controlled machine tool.

[0003] Further, in order to create a machining program for machining, an interactive numerical controller having an interactive program creation function added to a numerical controller, or automatic programming for easily creating a complicated machining program. Devices and the like are widely used.

Of course, in order to use these numerical control devices, it is necessary to precisely define machine coordinates, machine origins, program coordinates, machining origins, etc., and to create strict machining programs. When machining a large number of workpieces, these interactive numerical control devices and automatic programming devices can be used. A general-purpose milling machine, a general-purpose lathe, and the like, which require less time for preparation such as forming, are used.

[0005] However, the number of operators who can use these general-purpose machine tools is decreasing. Also,
Although there is no problem with straight-line machining and the like, machining with diagonal straight-line machining, arc machining, and the like is difficult with these general-purpose machine tools.

Conversely, when a general numerically controlled machine tool is used, it is necessary to accurately define machine coordinates, machine origin, program coordinates, machining origin, etc. It takes too much programming to process a part.

In order to solve such a problem, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a numerical controller capable of performing simple processing of a prototype or the like using a general-purpose machine tool, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei.
No. 6 has been filed.

[0008]

However, when a simple processing of a prototype or the like is performed, generally, when a manual pulse generator or a jog feed button is operated to perform processing while sequentially checking the processing process, a definition is required. The distance between the specified shape, such as a slanted straight line or arc, and the current position of the tool was not known. For this reason, it has been difficult to operate the manual pulse generator and the jog feed button to approach the tool to the designated shape.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has been developed in order to easily carry out simple machining of a prototype or the like using a general-purpose machine tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a numerical control device capable of knowing the distance of an object.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool having at least two axes or more, wherein the finger includes an oblique straight line or an arc.
Storage means for storing fixed shapes, and pulses according to manual operation
Command means for outputting a signal; and a process based on the pulse signal.
Tool movement according to the specified shape or tool specified
Selecting means for selecting whether the tool moves along the normal direction of the shape,
A current position storage means for storing a current position of the tool;
Calculate the distance between the current position of the writing tool and the specified shape
Distance calculating means, and the distance calculated by the calculating means
And a display device for displaying a distance .

[0011]

The storage means stores a specified shape including an oblique straight line or an arc.
Remember. The command means outputs a pulse signal according to manual operation.
Power. Along the specified shape based on the pulse signal
Tool movement and tool movement along the normal direction of the specified shape
Is selectively performed. The current position storage means is the current position of the tool
Is stored. Then, the distance calculation means calculates the current position of the tool and
Calculate the distance from the specified shape and display it on the display device
You.

In this way, the distance between the designated shape and the current position of the tool can be known in order to easily perform a simple processing of a part such as a prototype.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a numerical control device of the present invention. The movement command means is a means for outputting a pulse signal for commanding the movement of the tool, and corresponds to the machine operation panel 40 and the manual pulse generator 41.

According to the guidance information displayed on the display device 16 via the graphic control circuit 15, the operator operates the keyboard 17 to input a designated shape such as an oblique straight line and an arc. The figure storage means 1 stores the specified shape interactively input in this manner.

When the current position storage means 2 detects a pulse signal HP from the movement command means by the operation of the operator, the current position of the tool is updated and stored in accordance with the pulse signal HP. Note that the pulse signal HP is input for each axis. When a reset signal RST for each axis is detected from the movement command means, the current position of the tool on that axis is initialized to "0".

The distance calculation means 3 calculates the distance between the designated shape stored in the figure storage means 1 and the current position of the tool stored in the current position storage means 2. The calculated result is displayed on the display device 16 via the graphic control circuit 15.

The figure storage means 1, current position storage means 2, and distance calculation means 3 are executed by software as described later. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the numerical controller according to the present invention.

The processor 11 controls the entire numerical controller according to a system program stored in the ROM 12. The graphic storage unit 1, the current position storage unit 2, and the distance calculation unit 3 in FIG. 1 are functions of software executed by the processor 11 according to the system program in the ROM 12. This ROM 12 has EPROM or EEP
ROM is used. An SRAM or the like is used for the RAM 13, and temporary data such as input / output signals is stored. A CMOS backed up by a battery (not shown) is used for the nonvolatile memory 14. The nonvolatile memory 14 stores various data such as parameters to be held even after the power is turned off, a machining program, and the like.

The graphic control circuit 15 converts the guidance information and the input designated shape and the like into a signal that can be displayed, and gives the signal to the display device 16. As the display device 16, a CRT or a liquid crystal display device is used. Axis control circuit 18 (3
The axis) receives the axis movement command including the interpolation pulse CP from the processor 11 and sends the axis movement command to the servo amplifier 19.
(For three axes). The servo amplifier 19 receives the movement command and drives a servo motor (not shown) of the machine tool 20. The machine tool 20 is provided with a machine operation panel 40 operated to issue a movement command, in addition to the servomotor, which will be described later. These components are connected to each other by a bus 30.

A PMC (programmable machine controller) 22 receives a T function signal (tool selection command) via the bus 30 when executing a machining program. Then, this signal is processed by a sequence program, a signal is output as an operation command, and the machine tool 20 is controlled.
The interactive numerical controller receives a state signal from the machine tool 20, performs a sequence process, and transfers a necessary input signal to the processor 11 via the bus 30.

The bus 30 is further connected to a software key 23 whose function changes according to a system program or the like. The software key 23 is used together with the display device 16 and the keyboard 17 together with the CRT / MDI.
It is provided on the panel 25.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a machine operation panel 40 provided in the machine tool 20. Machine operation panel 4 shown in the figure
0, the manual pulse generator 41, the selection switch 41b,
A jog feed button 42, a setting switch 42a, and a changeover switch 43 are provided.

When the handle 41a is rotated left or right, the manual pulse generator 41 generates a pulse signal in accordance with the rotation. This pulse signal is a two-phase pulse for determining the rotation direction, and is sent to the processor 11 via the bus 30 to move the tool. Selection switch 41
b indicates that the pulse signal generated by the manual pulse generator 41 is any one of the X-axis direction (X), the Y-axis direction (Y), the Z-axis direction (Z), and the direction (G) corresponding to the specified shape. Is a switch for selecting the pulse signal.

The jog feed button 42 has "+ X", "-
X, + Y, -Y, + Z, and -Z, plus and minus feed buttons for each axis, and + G
A total of eight buttons are provided, such as plus and minus feed buttons, corresponding to the designated shapes of "J" and "-GJ".

The setting switch 42a is a jog feed button 42
The number of pulses generated within a certain period of time when the operator presses. Specifically, the setting switch 42a inputs a pulse obtained by dividing a pulse from a crystal oscillator (not shown) and outputs a pulse at a dividing ratio according to a scale set by an operator.

The changeover switch 43 is a parallel movement (H) that moves while maintaining a distance between the current position of the tool and the specified shape, or a direction indicated by a normal line segment from the current position of the tool to the specified shape. A vertical movement (V) for moving back and forth is switched, and a switching signal corresponding to the switched side is output.

Therefore, the operator can manually move the tool by first setting the selection switch 41b and the changeover switch 43 to desired moving directions, and then rotating the handle 41a.
When the tool is moved by jog feed, the feed speed is set by the setting switch 42a, and then the jog feed button 4 is set.
By pressing a button in a desired movement direction among the two.

Next, in the machine operation panel 40, when the handle 41a is rotated, or when the jog feed button 42
4 and 5 show the distance between the designated shape and the current position of the tool when "+ GJ" and "-GJ" which are the plus and minus feed buttons corresponding to the designated shape are pressed.
This will be described with reference to FIG. Since the same operation is performed when the handle 41a is rotated and when the jog feed button 42 is pressed, the case where the handle 41a is rotated will be described here.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distance between the tool and the designated shape. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen for displaying the normal direction distance. In FIG. 4, an oblique straight line 100 is defined as a designated shape on the XY coordinate axis plane. The diagonal straight line 100 is a figure (designated shape) input and stored by the figure storage unit 1 shown in FIG. Further, the center of the tool 110 is currently at the point P1, that is, (X, Y) = (80, 25).

First, the selection switch 41b in FIG. 3 is set in the direction (G) corresponding to the designated shape, and the changeover switch 43 is set to the "V (vertical movement)" side. And handle 4
When the tool 1a is rotated to the left, the tool moves in a direction 110a in a direction normal to the oblique straight line 100 according to the rotation angle. When the selection switch 41b is set in the X-axis direction (X) and the handle 41a is rotated to the left, the tool moves in a direction 110b parallel to the X-axis according to the rotation angle.

In FIG. 5, a display screen 16a is a screen displayed on the display device 16 of FIG. This display screen 16
a is a screen displayed when the tool 110 in FIG. 4 is at the point P1, and the current position of the tool and the stored designated shape are displayed.

In the upper left portion of the display screen 16a, the current position of the tool, that is, the center position of the tool at point P1 is displayed for each of the X-axis (X), Y-axis (Y), and Z-axis (Z) axes. Is done. Similarly, the distance (D) between the tool and the designated shape and the tool diameter (φ) are displayed in the upper right part of the screen. In the upper right part of this screen, the distance (D) between the tool and the specified shape
The value of the distance D1, which is the distance between the point P1 and the oblique straight line 100, is displayed.

In the lower left part of the display screen 16a,
The definition information of the diagonal straight line 100 shown in FIG.
1, Y1), end point (X2, Y2), angle (A) and tool diameter (φ) are displayed. Similarly, an oblique straight line is graphically drawn along with the definition information in the lower right part of the screen to visually determine the designated shape.

Here, when the tool in the tool 110 in FIG. 4 is moved in the direction 110a and the center of the tool is moved to the point P2, that is, (X, Y) = (65, 45),
The distance between the point P2 and the oblique straight line 100 is the distance D2. At this time, the distance (D) between the display screen 16a and the specified shape displayed in the upper right portion of the screen changes, and “11.00” is displayed.
0 ".

Similarly, the tool in the tool 110 is moved in the direction 11
0b, and the center of the tool is moved to a point P3, that is, (X, Y) = (45, 25).
And the distance between the oblique straight line 100 is the distance D3. At this time, the distance (D) between the display screen 16a and the specified shape displayed in the upper right portion of the screen changes to “13,000”.

Thus, the operator operates the machine operation panel 40.
Is operated to move the tool, the distance (D) between the tool and the designated shape is changed and displayed according to the movement of the tool. Therefore, the distance between the designated shape and the current position of the tool can be known in order to easily perform a simple processing of a part of the prototype or the like.

Next, the processing procedure of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the present invention.
This flowchart shows a processing procedure performed by the figure storage unit 1, the current position storage unit 2, and the distance calculation unit 3 shown in FIG. Step S1 is executed by the graphic storage unit 1, step S2 is executed by the current position storage unit 2, and other steps are executed by the distance calculation unit 3. In the figure, the number following S indicates a step number. [S1] The input figure is stored. Specifically, in accordance with the guidance information displayed on the display device 16, the keyboard 17 is interactively operated to store a designated shape such as a diagonal straight line and a circular arc input by the operator. [S2] A pulse is input. That is, the pulse signal HP and the reset signal RST from the movement command means such as the manual pulse generator 41 in FIG. 1 are detected. Also, the pulse signal H
The current position of the tool is updated according to P and the reset signal RST. [S3] The distance is calculated. Specifically, step S1
Then, the distance between the specified shape stored in step S2 and the current position of the tool updated in step S2 (or initialized to "0") is calculated. The calculation method is the same as the conventional method of calculating the distance between a point mathematically obtained and a straight line or a circular arc, and a description thereof will be omitted. [S4] Distance is displayed. Specifically, the image is displayed on the display device 16 via the graphic control circuit 15 on a display screen 16a as shown in FIG. [S5] It is determined whether an end command has been input. Specifically, it is determined whether or not an end command has been input from the movement command means or the keyboard 17. If the end command has been input (YES), the processing procedure is ended, and if the end command has not been input (NO), the process returns to step S2.

After the operator inputs the designated shape based on the guidance information and operates the machine operation panel 40 in this way, the distance between the designated shape and the current position of the tool can be determined. Can be easily realized.

Although the above description has been made assuming a milling machine, the present invention can be applied to a lathe or the like. Further, such a guidance function can be incorporated in a normal numerical controller, or can be configured as a specially inexpensive numerical controller.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the figure storage means stores the designated shape, the current position storage means receives the pulse signal from the movement command means and stores the current position of the tool, and the distance calculation means Calculates the distance between the current position of the tool and the specified shape and displays it on the display device, so that the distance between the specified shape and the current position of the tool is known, making it easy to process some simple prototypes etc. Become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a numerical control device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a numerical control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a machine operation panel.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a distance between a tool and a designated shape.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen for displaying a normal direction distance.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a processing procedure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Graphic storage means 2 Current position storage means 3 Distance calculation means 15 Graphic control circuit 16 Display device 17 Keyboard 20 Machine tool 40 Machine operation panel 41 Manual pulse generator

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koji Yamamuro 3580 Kobaba, Oshino-mura, Oshino-mura, Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture Inside FANUC CORPORATION (56) References JP-A-3-166609 (JP, A) JP-A-63 -257003 (JP, A) JP-A-63-223873 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G05B 19/4063 G05B 19/404

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for controlling a machine tool having at least two axes.
Numerical control device,Storage means for storing a specified shape including an oblique straight line or an arc
When ,Command means for outputting a pulse signal according to manual operation; Tool movement based on the pulse signal follows the specified shape
Tool movement or tool movement along the normal direction of the specified shape
Selection means for selecting Current position storage means for storing a current position of the tool, Calculate the distance between the current position of the tool and the specified shape
Distance calculating means to A display for displaying the distance calculated by the calculation means
Equipment and  A numerical control device comprising: