JP3054242B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device for deriving a base pattern of each bar from a code corresponding to each bar and automatically performing the performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There has been known an automatic accompaniment apparatus for automatically performing accompaniment on a bass or the like. However, the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus merely transposes a predetermined accompaniment pattern (base pattern) in accordance with a specified chord, and considers a chord corresponding to a preceding measure or a chord of a subsequent measure. It did not change its playing pattern.

However, in the actual arranging process, smooth pitch selection is often performed in consideration of the chord progression before and after. In particular, it is desirable that the bass line that strikes the entire beat be smooth taking into account the chord progression before and after. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the above situation.

For example, if the rhythm type is 16 beats,
The chord progression "Cmaj → Dm", "Cmaj → A ^b m
When considering the baseline of “aj”, the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus may be as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, respectively. However, in general music theory, the “baseline is the beginning of a bar”. Indicates the root note, and the end of the measure indicates the lead to the next chord. ", It is preferable that the processing is performed as shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, respectively. . That is, in the examples of FIGS. 8C and 8D, a sound guide that rises by a second degree and falls by a second degree is used at the end of the previous bar. Note that these conduction sounds are C #, A and are not Cmaj chord tones (chords).
In each case, since the sixteenth note and the time value are small, there is no problem even if the chord quality (chord sound perfection) is taken into consideration.

[0005]

FIG. 8A,
In order to correct the poor connection between measures as shown in (b), a plurality of base patterns are stored for one chord, and the final sound of the pattern played in the previous measure and the next measure in the next measure are stored. There has been proposed a method of selecting and playing a bass pattern having the smallest pitch with the leading sound (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 60/1985).
-235198). However, if this method is adopted, it is necessary to store a plurality of base patterns for each chord for each of the performance styles such as rock, jazz,..., And there is a problem that a huge storage capacity is required. Further, when the above method is adopted, there is also a problem that the first note of a bar does not become the root note of a chord.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and FIG.
(C), as shown in (d), shows the sound conduction at the end of the bar,
An object of the present invention is to make automatic accompaniment as close as possible to actual performance by keeping the leading sound of a measure unchanged.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a first automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention derives a base pattern of each bar from a code corresponding to each bar and automatically performs the performance. , A chord memory in which the chord is stored over a number of bars constituting a song, and a pitch of a bass beat of a predetermined beat in a bass pattern of a bar being played from the chord corresponding to the next bar. Pitch control means for changing based on the base sound of the leading beat in the derived base pattern of the next measure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic accompaniment apparatus which derives a base pattern of each bar from a code corresponding to the bar and automatically performs the performance. A chord designating means for designating, and when the chord corresponding to the measure following the measure being played is designated at a predetermined timing from the chord designating means, a predetermined beat in the base pattern of the measure being played is specified. Pitch control means for changing the pitch of the base sound of the first measure based on the base sound of the first beat in the base pattern of the next measure derived from the chord corresponding to the next measure. It is assumed that.

[0009]

According to the first automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, a chord corresponding to the next bar is read from the code memory while a certain bar is being played, and the base of the next bar corresponding to the read chord is read. The pitch of the base sound of the specified beat, such as the last beat in the base pattern of the measure being played, is changed based on the base sound of the first beat in the pattern. Indicates a sound guide, thereby realizing a smooth bass line adapted to music theory.

The second automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention includes a chord designating means such as a keyboard for designating a chord instead of a chord memory for storing a chord. If the chord for the next measure of the measure is specified in time, the base pattern of the currently playing measure in the base pattern of the first beat in the base pattern of the next measure corresponding to the specified chord is Since the pitch of the bass sound of the predetermined beat is changed, the leading sound of the measure is not changed, and the leading sound is indicated at the end of the measure, as in the first automatic accompaniment device.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an internal circuit configuration of an automatic accompaniment device according to one embodiment of the present invention. A keyboard unit 1 composed of a number of switches attached to each key constituting a keyboard used for playing a melody or designating a chord, a group of operators 2 for setting a performance style such as rock, jazz,. MID that inputs and outputs MIDI signals to sound an external sound source or to be controlled externally
I input / output unit 3, CPU 4 for executing calculations, ROM 5 for storing programs and the like, RAM 6 for temporarily storing various information, display for displaying the state of this device A sound source section 8 for selecting and generating a musical tone based on various calculation results in the apparatus; these sections 1 to 8 are connected to each other by a bus line 9;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a program stored in the ROM 5 and executed by the CPU 4. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a series of codes corresponding to a certain piece of music transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6 at the stage of initial setting. In this figure, the chord corresponding to the first measure of this song is Cmaj, the chord corresponding to the next measure is Em,
Hereinafter, it is shown that each measure corresponds to D7, G7, Cmaj,...

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the performance style stored in the ROM 5 or transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6 at the initial setting stage and the shift amount for the root note. 'First to eighth notes' represent eighth notes constituting one bar, and the numerical values such as 0, 5, etc. described corresponding to the first to eighth notes are relative to the root note. The shift amount, for example, 5 indicates that a tone 5 times higher than the root note is generated. 'Null' indicates that the immediately preceding eighth note is pronounced with a quarter note length. The 'flag' is a lead correction flag that determines whether the eighth sound in one measure is changed ('1') or not ('0') based on the first sound of the next measure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a work area in the RAM 6. When the automatic performance is started, the program shown in FIG. 2 is executed, and first, initial setting is performed (step (a)). At this stage of the initial setting, the above-described series of chords shown in FIG. 3 (and the base patterns corresponding to the respective performance styles shown in FIG. 4) are transferred from the ROM 5 to the RAM 6 and are also selected by the operator group 2. The eighth sound (here, the eighth sound '0' of the address 0001 corresponding to the lock) of the base pattern (see FIG. 4) corresponding to the played style is set in the work area LB (see FIG. 5).

Next, in step (b), it is determined whether or not the current time is at the beginning of the measure, that is, whether or not it is just before the first sound of the measure is generated. If it is, the code corresponding to the measure (here, the code (Cmaj) of the measure corresponding to the address 0001 shown in FIG. 3) is set in the work area RR (see FIG. 5) (step (C)). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the current time is the time at which the guide sound is to be emitted, that is, whether or not the current time is immediately before the eighth sound of the measure is emitted (step (d)). Since it is the head, the program jumps to step (j) and the first sound is the work area RR.
The pitch is changed as necessary according to the chord set in step (b) to generate a tone, and the process returns to step (b). Here, although not shown in this flowchart, one eighth note is set in step (j) based on the tempo information set by the operator group 2 so that a predetermined time interval is set for each eighth note. Is adjusted after the sound is generated until the process returns to step (b). Returning to step (b), this is not the beginning of the bar, nor is it just before the pronunciation of the conducting sound (step (d)), and therefore, jumping to step (j) again, this time producing the second note Is done.

When the above operation is repeated and the seventh sound is generated and the process returns to step (b), the process proceeds to step (d) because the bar is not at the beginning of the bar, and then the sounding of the conductive sound (the eighth sound) is performed. To step (e). In this step (e), referring to the table shown in FIG. 3 in the RAM 6, the code of the next bar, that is, the code Em stored at the address 0001 in this case, is loaded into the work area NC (see FIG. 5). Next, in step (f), the sound guide correction flag of the performance style currently being played is referred to. If the correction flag is "0", the process proceeds to step (j), and the eighth tone is generated at the pitch designated by the eighth tone in the performance style of FIG. Since the flag is '1', the process proceeds to step (g), where the base sound (eighth sound) in the work area LB is the first measure of the next measure derived from the chord (here, Em) in the work area NC. It is determined whether or not the sound is higher than the bass sound of the first sound.
The pitch is changed so that the pitch is a semitone lower than the root of the next chord (the first note of the next bar), and if the pitch is low, the process proceeds to step (i) to be pronounced from now on. The pitch is changed so that the conduction sound (eighth sound) is a chromatic scale higher than the root of the next chord (first sound of the next bar), and the program proceeds to step (j) to change the pitch. The eighth high note is pronounced. Although not shown in this flowchart,
In this embodiment, if the lead sound to be pronounced (the eighth note) and the next root note (the first note in the next bar) have the same pitch or a different pitch by a chromatic scale, the eighth note is It goes without saying that the pitch is not changed based on the root note of the next chord (the first note of the next bar).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing bass sounds generated sequentially as described above. The pitch of the eighth sound of each measure is changed based on the first sound of the next measure. As described above, when the chords corresponding to the series of measures are stored in advance, the bass sound is played in consideration of the musical connection to the next measure. In the above embodiment, when the pitch of the eighth sound is changed to be a conductive sound, the pitch is changed so that the conductive sound is one semitone above and one semitone below the first sound of the next bar. However, the pitch relationship between the eighth sound (conducted sound) and the first sound of the next bar is not limited to this semitone upper and lower semitones. 5
The pitch of the eighth sound may be changed so as to be higher by 4 degrees and lower by 4 degrees.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, only the last beat (the eighth tone) is used as the sound guide. However, in the present invention, the sound guide is not limited to the last beat. For example, FIG. In the case of the base pattern as shown, the preceding beat (seventh sound) as well as the final beat (eighth sound) are also the lead sounds. Further, in the above embodiment, a series of chords as shown in FIG. 3 is stored in advance, but the chord of the next bar is designated by the keyboard unit 1 at the timing of changing the pitch of the eighth note. When the performance is performed, for example, when the chord of the next bar is specified from the second beat to immediately before the fourth beat, FIG.
Needless to say, even if a series of chords as shown in (1) is not stored in advance, a bass sound can be performed in consideration of the musical connection to the next bar in the same manner as described above.

[0019]

As described above, the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention includes a code memory in which chords are stored over a number of bars constituting a tune, or a chord designating means for designating a chord. In addition, the playing method is limited so that the chord corresponding to the measure following the measure being played is specified by the code specifying means at a predetermined timing, and the predetermined beat of the base pattern of the measure being played is specified. Since the pitch of the bass sound is changed based on the base sound of the first beat in the base pattern of the next measure derived from the code corresponding to the next measure, the first sound of each measure is determined by the chord Leave the pitch at the end of the measure, showing the lead at the end of the measure,
As a result, a bass performance with good musical connection between each measure and the next measure can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an internal circuit configuration of an automatic accompaniment device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a program stored in a ROM shown in FIG. 1 and executed by a CPU.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a series of codes corresponding to a certain piece of music transferred from a ROM to a RAM at an initial setting stage.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a correspondence between a performance style and a shift amount for a root note stored in the ROM shown in FIG. 1 or transferred from the ROM to the RAM at an initial setting stage.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a work area in a RAM shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing sequentially generated bass sounds.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an accompaniment pattern according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an accompaniment pattern in a conventional automatic accompaniment device,
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a desirable accompaniment pattern.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Keyboard part 2 Operator part 3 MIDI input / output part 4 CPU 5 ROM 6 RAM 7 Display part 8 Sound source part 9 Bus line

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An automatic accompaniment apparatus for deriving a base pattern of each bar from a code corresponding to each bar and automatically performing the bar pattern, comprising: a code memory in which the chord is stored over a number of bars constituting a song; Changing the pitch of the bass sound of a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the measure being played based on the base sound of the first beat in the base pattern of the next measure derived from the chord corresponding to the next measure. An automatic accompaniment device comprising a pitch control means. 2. An automatic accompaniment apparatus for deriving a base pattern of each measure from a chord corresponding to each measure and automatically performing the chord, comprising: a chord designating means for designating the chord; If the chord corresponding to the next measure of the measure is specified at a predetermined timing, the pitch of the base sound of a predetermined beat in the bass pattern of the measure being played is calculated from the chord corresponding to the next measure. An automatic accompaniment device, comprising: pitch control means for changing based on a base sound of a leading beat in the derived base pattern of the next measure.