JP3025777B2 - Method and apparatus for producing fertilizer from inorganic waste - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing fertilizer from inorganic waste derived from the production of foods such as diatomaceous earth sludge, calcium carbonate cake, and zeolite cake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional treatment method for inorganic wastes described above, after mechanically dewatering as much as possible, the wastes are landfilled as they are in a final disposal site, or, in some cases, dried into fertilizer or incinerated. The ash was generally dumped at a final disposal site.

[0003]

However, if the above-mentioned mechanical dehydration is performed and then landfilled at the final disposal site as it is, there are inconveniences in odor and transportation, and
Although the drying and incineration method is a safe and reliable method, it consumes a large amount of energy such as petroleum, and requires a large amount of construction and maintenance costs for exhaust gas treatment.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is intended to reduce construction costs and maintenance costs by simplifying exhaust gas treatment such as odor and the like, and reducing the installation conditions with low restrictions on the installation location. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for producing fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an inorganic waste derived from the production of diatomaceous earth sludge as calcium oxide in the presence of water. A reaction step of adding and mixing CaO) and reacting for a predetermined time; and a fermentation method using an inorganic waste as a raw material, the method comprising: The inorganic waste 10
A method of adding and mixing calcium oxide at a ratio of 1 to 60 with respect to 00, and turning over and ripening at least once during the standing period, and analyzing the fertilizer using the inorganic waste obtained by the production method as a raw material ( %) Water 23.7, total nitrogen (N) 0.58, total phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) 0.80,
Kali total amount (K ₂ O) 1.25, alkali content 17.0, lime total amount (CaO) 15.5, magnesite total amount (MgO) 0.8
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a special fertilizer, which is characterized in that the SiO ₂ becomes 27.50. The present invention also provides a raw material storage having a supply device for temporarily storing and quantitatively supplying inorganic waste derived from food production of diatomaceous earth sludge, and a supply device for temporarily storing calcium oxide and the supply device. A calcium oxide feeder that quantitatively supplies calcium oxide in accordance with the supply amount of the above, a stirring reaction tank that receives the inorganic waste and calcium oxide and performs a mixing reaction in the presence of water, A yard for leaving the discharged inorganic waste after the reaction for a predetermined time and a maturing unit having a turning machine. The inorganic waste is collected in a collection vehicle, transported to a stock yard, and immediately stored on a conveyor. A certain amount of inorganic waste is supplied to a raw material receiving hopper of a stirring reaction tank by a feeder at a lower portion of the hopper, and stored in the storage hopper. Calcium oxide is charged into a container in a hopper of a feeder, and calcium oxide is supplied to a raw material receiving hopper at a ratio set in accordance with a supply amount of the inorganic waste by a quantitative feeder, and further, a lower portion of the raw material receiving hopper. In the raw material charging device, the raw materials are averagely charged into a tank, and in the charging process, a water pressure pump is operated as necessary to spray water on the raw materials with a water sprinkler and two stirrers. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer manufacturing apparatus using inorganic waste as a raw material, wherein a raw material is stirred and retained for about 7 to 15 minutes to perform deodorization and sterilization, and aged to produce a fertilizer.

[0007]

In the method for producing fertilizer using inorganic waste having the above constitution as a raw material, the reaction mechanism is unclear, but calcium oxide (CaO) reacts violently with water contained in the inorganic waste. Then, it becomes calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ). At this time, it generates heat and at the same time, calcium oxide is combined with carbon dioxide to become calcium bicarbonate (Ca (HCO ₃ ) ₂ ). And further react to form calcium carbonate. This calcium oxide simultaneously reacts with methyl mercaptan, carboxylic acid compounds, proteins, and sulfur compounds derived from organic components attached to the inorganic waste to form mercaptides ((CH
₃ S) ₂ Ca), calcium carboxylate ((R-COO
H) ₂ Ca), calcium salt of amino acid (R-NH ₂ -C)
OOH ₂ ) Ca), calcium sulfide (CaS)
These calcium compounds are hardly soluble substances, and their odor components are removed.

At the same time, nascent oxygen is generated in these complicated reaction processes, decomposing ammonia into nitrogen gas in a molecular state, and liberating simple sulfur from hydrogen sulfide. Also, Ca (OH) ₂ , Ca formed from CaO
The odor component may be adsorbed in the fine pores of the (HCO ₃ ) ₂ and CaCO ₃ fine particles, thereby preventing odor diffusion.

Then, the inorganic waste after the above-mentioned reaction step is left for a predetermined period of time to perform one or more switching operations, whereby the above-mentioned reaction is completed and the organic component newly adhering to the inorganic waste is further removed. The aerobic fermentation progresses, the molecular weight is reduced, and the use of fertilizer is advanced.

If there is a drying step between the reaction step and the aging step, a large amount of water contained in the inorganic waste after the calcium oxide reaction treatment can be removed, and the volume decreases and the aging step is performed. Facilitates processing in the process.

If the amount of calcium oxide is less than 1 with respect to the inorganic waste 1000, the effect cannot be expected. If the amount is more than 60, the amount of calcium oxide becomes excessive and adverse effects occur.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow sheet diagram of a fertilizer production apparatus using the inorganic waste of the present invention as a raw material. This fertilizer production apparatus 1 temporarily stores inorganic waste 2 derived from diatomaceous earth sludge food production, and A raw material storage 4 having a feeder 3 for supplying quantitatively, calcium oxide (CaO)
Calcium oxide supply device 6 for temporarily storing calcium oxide 5 and quantitatively supplying calcium oxide 5 in accordance with the supply amount of supply device 3, and receives inorganic waste 2 and calcium oxide 5 and mixes them in the presence of water It comprises a stirring reaction tank 7 for reacting, and a ripening section 10 having a yard 8 and a turning machine 9 in which the reacted inorganic waste 2A discharged from the stirring reaction tank 7 is left for a predetermined time.

Since the inorganic waste 2 is produced in the course of food production, it naturally has an organic component attached thereto. The type of the inorganic waste 2 is not limited to those exemplified, but includes, for example, activated carbon and shell fossils. Must be capable of causing various reactions by adding and mixing calcium oxide 5.

The rate of addition of calcium oxide 5 to these inorganic wastes 2 must be finally determined by conducting tests and the like. However, one example of the amount of the calcium oxide 5 added to the exemplified inorganic waste 2 is as follows. Diatomaceous earth sludge 30 kg of calcium oxide is added to 1 ton having a water content of 70% by weight (± 5%). Calcium carbonate cake 30 kg of calcium oxide is added to 1 ton having a water content of 35 to 40% by weight. Zeolite cake 30 kg of calcium oxide is added to 1 ton having a water content of 70% by weight (± 5%). Activated carbon and shell fossil cakes conform to zeolite cakes.

The raw material storage 4 is constructed by mounting the feeder 3 below the hopper 20. Hopper 20
Is for temporarily storing the inorganic waste 2 and stably sending the inorganic waste 2 to the feeder 3 so as to prevent an error in the supply amount of the feeder 3. The feeder 3 is of a screw type, but is not particularly limited thereto, and may be of any type as long as it can supply the inorganic waste 2 variably and quantitatively. In this embodiment, the supply amount of the inorganic waste 2 is varied by changing the rotation speed of the screw.

The calcium oxide supply device 6 includes a hopper
The fixed quantity feeder 31 is attached to the lower part of 30. The hopper 30 is substantially sealed, and has been subjected to sufficient moisture-proof measures. Further, a screw-type or table-type one is used for the fixed-quantity feeder 31. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the calcium oxide 5 is varied at a ratio set according to the supply amount of the inorganic waste 2 to quantitatively change the quantity. Anything that can be supplied may be used.

The agitation reactor 7 has a raw material receiving hopper 40 for temporarily receiving the inorganic waste 2 supplied from the raw material storage 4 and the calcium oxide 5 supplied from the calcium oxide supply device 6. This raw material receiving hopper 40
A raw material input device 41 is provided at a lower portion.
In 41, screws 42 and 43 in opposite directions are fixed to the same shaft 44, and by rotating this shaft 44 in the same direction, the raw material composed of the inorganic waste 2 and the calcium oxide 5 is transported to the left and right, It is supplied into the tank 45 from a supply hole (not shown) on average. This tank 45 is provided with two stirrers 48 in which a plurality of stirring blades 47 of four blades are provided on a shaft 46,
Further, two watering devices 49 are provided. These two stirrers
48 is provided in the tank 45 so that the stirring blades 47 are staggered.
Have more than one. The two agitators 48 are rotated by a motor (not shown) equipped with a variable speed reducer, and a watering device 49 further receives water received in a water receiving tank 53 from a water supply source 52 by a hydraulic pump.
The pressure is increased by 54. Therefore, the raw material that has been averagely charged into the tank 45 by the raw material charging device 41 stays in the tank 45 for a predetermined time, for example, about 7 to 15 minutes, and is sprayed with water by the watering device 49 as necessary. Mixing is performed by the basic stirrer 48, and various chemical reactions are performed in the process to sterilize and deodorize, thereby rendering the mixture harmless.

The inorganic waste 2A that has undergone the mixing reaction in the stirring reaction tank 7 falls from a gate (not shown) provided in the lower part of the stirring reaction tank 7 to a conveyor 60, and the conveyor 60 It is sent to the aging section 10.

The aging section 10 is a section for leaving the inorganic waste 2A after the reaction in the yard 8 for a predetermined time, for example, about 2 days to 2 weeks, and fermenting the attached organic components. The machine 9 performs one or more switching operations. The yard 8 is made of concrete, and is provided with a roof for outdoor installation and to prevent the influence of wind and rain. The type of the turning machine 9 is not limited as long as it can turn the reacted raw material left on the yard 8.

Next, a method of manufacturing the special fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described. The inorganic waste 2 derived from food production is collected by a collection vehicle, transported to a stock yard or the like, placed therein, and immediately put into the hopper 20 of the raw material storage 4 by a transporting means such as a conveyor and stored. A certain amount of the inorganic waste 2 is supplied to the raw material receiving hopper 40 of the stirring reaction tank 7 by the supply device 3 provided below the hopper 20. On the other hand, the calcium oxide 5 contained in a container or the like is charged into the hopper 30 of the calcium oxide feeder 6 and the calcium oxide 5 is supplied at a ratio set according to the supply amount of the inorganic waste 2 by the quantitative feeder 31.
Is supplied to the raw material receiving hopper 40. Furthermore, the above-mentioned raw material is charged into the tank 45 by the raw material charging device 41 below the raw material receiving hopper 40 on average. In this charging process, the hydraulic pump 54 is operated as necessary to spray water on the raw material with the water spray device 49, and the raw material is stirred and retained for 7 to 15 minutes by two stirrers 48 to chemically react and deodorize. ,Sterilize.
After that, the inorganic waste 2A after the reaction is taken out of the tank 45, transported to the yard 8 by the conveyor 60, and
The raw material is turned over at predetermined intervals, and the raw material is turned over and matured, that is, fermented to produce fermented fertilizer.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet diagram of an apparatus for drying a fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material. This dryer 70 is mainly used when the water content of the inorganic waste 2A after the reaction is high. It is provided between the tank 7 and the aging section 10. The drying device 70 receives the reacted inorganic waste 2A conveyed by the conveyor 60 in the input tank 71, and feeds the rotary dryer body 73 by the quantitative feeder 72 provided below the input tank 71. It is thrown into one end side, and the inorganic waste 2A is gradually moved to the other end side by the rotation of the rotary dryer main body 73, and is dried by hot air from the heat generating furnace 74 in this moving process. On the other hand, the hot air is discharged from the rotary dryer main body 73 while decreasing the temperature, is processed by the exhaust gas processing device 75, and is discharged into the atmosphere. Dry inorganic waste 2
A is discharged from the rotary dryer main body 73, is charged into the product hopper 77 by the conveyor 76, and is transferred from the hopper to a transport vehicle or the like as necessary, and is used as a special fertilizer. After being aged for a predetermined period of time, it may be used as a fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material.

The analytical values of the fertilizer produced from diatomaceous earth sludge by the fertilizer production apparatus using inorganic waste as a raw material shown in FIG. 1 are as shown in Table 1.

[0023]

[Table 1] Further, the measured value of the odor concentration at a position 5 m away from the installation location of the fertilizer production apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was lower than the numerical value in Table 2 (the concentration measurement method conforms to the method for preventing bad odor).

[0024]

[Table 2]

[0025]

As described in detail above, according to the method for producing fertilizer using inorganic wastes of the present invention as a raw material, a large-scale and complicated process is not required, and impurities, lipids, microorganisms and the like are not required. A large amount of inorganic waste such as diatomaceous earth sludge, calcium carbonate cake, and zeolite cake from a food factory with putrefactive odor and coagulation is treated in large quantities in a short time to deodorize and sterilize especially attached organic components. It destroys the coagulability of the components, facilitates dehydration, and enables use as a fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material.

Further, if there is a drying step between the reaction step and the aging step, a large amount of water contained in the inorganic waste after the calcium oxide reaction treatment can be removed, and the volume decreases and the aging step is performed. Facilitates processing in the process. Therefore, the space for the aging step can be narrowed, and since the water content is low, it is easy to transport and can be used as it is as a fertilizer.

If the amount of calcium oxide is less than 1 with respect to the inorganic waste 1000, the effect cannot be expected. If the amount is more than 60, the amount of calcium oxide becomes excessive and adverse effects occur. Therefore, inorganic waste can be rendered harmless and odorless by adding a small amount of calcium oxide, and can be used as a fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material.

Further, according to the fertilizer manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the above-mentioned method can be efficiently realized, and the use of calcium oxide prevents the generation of rust due to uric acid and the like, and further enhances the durability. Furthermore, the presence of a drying device enables the above method to be efficiently realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet diagram of a special fertilizer production device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet diagram of a drying device attached to the special fertilizer production device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Special fertilizer manufacturing equipment 2 Inorganic waste 2A Inorganic waste after reaction 3 Feeder 4 Raw material storage 5 Calcium oxide 6 Calcium oxide feeder 7 Stirring reaction tank 8 Yard 9 Turning machine 10 Aging unit 70 Drying machine

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-53-2273 (JP, A) JP-A-53-48877 (JP, A) JP-A-52-26754 (JP, A) 246789 (JP, A) JP-A-51-69066 (JP, A) JP-A-54-111469 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05F 1/00-17 / 00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A reaction step in which calcium oxide (CaO) is added to and mixed with inorganic waste derived from diatomaceous earth sludge food production in the presence of water and reacted for a predetermined time; A fertilizer production method using an inorganic waste as a raw material, which comprises a maturing step of allowing the mixture to stand for a predetermined time, and adding and mixing calcium oxide at a ratio of 1 to 60 with respect to the inorganic waste 1000, and allowing the mixture to stand. It is a method of turning over and ripening at least once during the period, and the analysis value (percentage) of the fertilizer using the inorganic waste obtained by the production method as a raw material is as follows: moisture 23.7, total nitrogen (N) 0.58, phosphorus Total acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) 0.80, total potassium (K ₂ O) 1.2
5. Alkali content 17.0, total amount of lime (CaO)
5, total amount of magnesia (MgO) 0.85, SiO ₂ 27.50
A method for producing a fertilizer using inorganic waste as a raw material. 2. A raw material storage having a supply device for temporarily storing and quantitatively supplying inorganic waste derived from food production of diatomaceous earth sludge, and a supply device for temporarily storing calcium oxide and supplying the same. A calcium oxide feeder that quantitatively supplies calcium oxide in accordance with the supply amount of the above, a stirring reaction tank that receives the inorganic waste and calcium oxide and performs a mixing reaction in the presence of water, A yard for leaving the discharged inorganic waste after the reaction for a predetermined time and a maturing unit having a turning machine. The inorganic waste is collected in a collection vehicle, transported to a stock yard, and immediately stored on a conveyor. A certain amount of inorganic waste is supplied to a raw material receiving hopper of a stirring reaction tank by a feeder at the lower part of the hopper. Calcium oxide is charged into a container in a hopper of a feeder, and calcium oxide is supplied to a raw material receiving hopper at a ratio set in accordance with a supply amount of the inorganic waste by a quantitative feeder, and further, a lower portion of the raw material receiving hopper. In the raw material charging device, the raw materials are averagely charged into a tank, and in the charging process, a water pressure pump is operated as necessary to spray water on the raw materials with a water sprinkler and two stirrers. A fertilizer manufacturing apparatus using inorganic waste as a raw material, wherein the raw material is stirred and retained for about 7 to 15 minutes to perform deodorization and sterilization, and aged to produce a fertilizer.