JP2955093B2 - Gas turbine combustor fuel nozzle - Google Patents
Gas turbine combustor fuel nozzleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2955093B2 JP2955093B2 JP34311191A JP34311191A JP2955093B2 JP 2955093 B2 JP2955093 B2 JP 2955093B2 JP 34311191 A JP34311191 A JP 34311191A JP 34311191 A JP34311191 A JP 34311191A JP 2955093 B2 JP2955093 B2 JP 2955093B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- gas
- gas fuel
- nozzle
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は，ガスタービン燃焼器の
ガス燃料ノズルに適用される水噴射系構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water injection system applied to a gas fuel nozzle of a gas turbine combustor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ガスタービン排気中のＮＯx を低減させ
る方法の一つとして，燃焼器の一次燃焼域へ水を噴射す
る方法がある。これは，一次燃焼域の火炎温度を低下さ
せて，低過剰空気比で燃焼させるためである。空気中の
窒素分子が高温状態で酸化されて生じるサーマルＮＯx
のうち，最も問題となる窒素酸化物は下記の化学方程式
に従って生成される。One way to reduce the NO x BACKGROUND ART gas turbine exhaust, there is a method of injecting water into the primary combustion zone of the combustor. This is because the flame temperature in the primary combustion region is lowered and combustion is performed at a low excess air ratio. Thermal NO x generated by oxidation of nitrogen molecules in air at high temperature
Among them, the most problematic nitrogen oxide is generated according to the following chemical equation.
【０００３】[0003]
【化１】 Embedded image
【０００４】この正方向反応速度すなわちＮＯx 生成速
度は，温度が上昇すると早くなるから，水または水蒸気
によって燃焼温度を低下させるのである。[0004] The forward reaction rate or NO x production rate, because the faster the temperature rises, is to lower the combustion temperature by water or water vapor.
【０００５】図３は，標準化された液体燃料・ガス燃料
デュアルノズルをガス燃料ノズルとして使ったものの縦
断面図である。天然ガス，石油精製ガス，高炉ガス，コ
ークス炉ガス，坑内ガス等のガス燃料は，混合器（０
１）で水を噴射され，エルボ（０２）を経てノズルホル
ダ（０３）に流入し，ホルダ前面に円周方向等ピッチに
穿設されたガス燃料噴射穴（０４）から燃焼器の内筒内
へ噴射される。なお液体燃料系は密封されている。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a case where a standardized liquid fuel / gas fuel dual nozzle is used as a gas fuel nozzle. Gas fuels such as natural gas, refined gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, downhole gas, etc.
Water is injected in 1), flows into the nozzle holder (03) through the elbow (02), and flows into the inner cylinder of the combustor through the gas fuel injection holes (04) formed in the front surface of the holder at equal pitches in the circumferential direction. Injected to Note that the liquid fuel system is sealed.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来のガス燃料ノ
ズルにおいては，ガス燃料と水との比重差のため，混合
器（０１）からガス燃料噴射穴（０４）へ至る間に，混
合比にばらつきが生じる。このため，複数個のガス燃料
噴射穴（０４）から出るガス燃料と水との混合比が必ず
しも均一とならず，低ＮＯx 効果が妨げられ，また，温
度分布が不均一になる場合があった。In the above-mentioned conventional gas fuel nozzle, due to the difference in specific gravity between the gas fuel and water, the mixing ratio is reduced between the mixer (01) and the gas fuel injection hole (04). Variations occur. Therefore, not only the mixing ratio of the gas fuel and water exiting the plurality of gas fuel injection holes (04) is necessarily uniform, low NO x effect is prevented and also, there are cases where the temperature distribution is uneven Was.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は，前記従来の課
題を解決するために，中央に配置された液体燃料系ノズ
ルを囲繞するガス燃料ノズルにおいて、ガス燃料噴射穴
の上流側近傍に設けられた水室と，同水室をガス燃料通
路に連通させる複数の水噴射穴と，上記水室に水を供給
する手段とを具えたことを特徴とするガスタービン燃焼
器の燃料ノズルを提案するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a liquid fuel system nozzle disposed at the center.
A water chamber provided in the vicinity of an upstream side of the gas fuel injection hole, a plurality of water injection holes communicating the water chamber with the gas fuel passage, and supplying water to the water chamber. Means for providing a fuel nozzle for a gas turbine combustor.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明においては，水噴射穴から噴射された水
が，ガス燃料と混合した後，液体燃料系ノズルを囲繞し
たガス燃料ノズルからただちにガス燃料とともに噴射さ
れるので，比重差による偏流は発生せず，各ガス燃料噴
射穴からは均一な混合比のガス燃料・水混合流体が噴出
する。In the present invention, after the water injected from the water injection hole is mixed with the gaseous fuel, it surrounds the liquid fuel system nozzle.
Since the gas fuel nozzle is immediately injected with the gas fuel, no drift due to the specific gravity difference occurs, and a gas fuel / water mixed fluid having a uniform mixing ratio is jetted from each gas fuel injection hole.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】図１は本発明の一実施例に係る燃料ノズルの
縦断面図である。ガス燃料噴射穴（４）の上流側近傍に
水室（５）が設けられている。そしてその水室（５）の
前縁とガス燃料通路を連通して，ガス燃料噴射穴（４）
と同数の水噴射穴（６）が，円周方向等ピッチにガス燃
料の流れ方向に穿設されている。また水室（５）は，ノ
ズルホルダ（３）内の連通穴（７）を介して、水供給管
（８）に連通している。なお、同図１にも示されるよう
に、前記ガス燃料噴射穴（４）は中央に配置された液体
燃料系ノズルを囲繞して複数個穿設されており、前記水
噴射穴（６）から供給される水をガス燃料と混合して噴
射するガス燃料ノズルの要部を構成している。 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. A water chamber (5) is provided near the upstream side of the gas fuel injection hole (4). The leading edge of the water chamber (5) communicates with the gas fuel passage, and the gas fuel injection hole (4)
The same number of water injection holes (6) are formed in the gas fuel flow direction at equal pitches in the circumferential direction. The water chamber (5) communicates with a water supply pipe (8) through a communication hole (7) in the nozzle holder (3). As shown in FIG.
In addition, the gas fuel injection hole (4) is provided with a liquid disposed in the center.
A plurality of holes are provided so as to surround the fuel system nozzle.
Water supplied from the injection hole (6) is mixed with gaseous fuel and injected.
It constitutes the main part of the gas fuel nozzle to be fired.
【００１０】本実施例は上記の構成を有するので，複数
個のガス燃料噴射穴（４）から出るガス燃料中の燃料と
水の混合比が均一となり，排気中のＮＯx が減少すると
ともに，一次燃焼域のガス温度が均一化される。前者は
公害防止に，後者は燃焼器寿命の増大に，それぞれ寄与
する。[0010] Since the present embodiment having the above configuration, it becomes uniform mixing ratio of fuel and water in the gas fuel exiting from the plurality of gas fuel injection hole (4), together with the NO x in the exhaust is reduced, The gas temperature in the primary combustion zone is made uniform. The former contributes to pollution prevention, and the latter contributes to prolonging combustor life.
【００１１】図２は，排気中のＮＯx 濃度計測結果を，
従来の燃料ノズルと本発明の燃料ノズルとを比較して示
す図である。水噴射量が増すにつれて，本発明の効果が
顕著に表われている。[0011] Figure 2 is a concentration of NO x measurement results in the exhaust,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a comparison between a conventional fuel nozzle and the fuel nozzle of the present invention. As the water injection amount increases, the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited.
【００１２】水噴射穴は，上記実施例のとおり，ガス燃
料噴射穴と同数にすることが望ましい。しかし，一般に
ガス燃料噴射穴は１２個または８個であるから，水噴射
穴を同数の１２または８にすると穴径が小さくなり過ぎ
て，加工が困難になる場合は，水噴射穴の数を減らして
もよい。その場合，水噴射穴の数の下限として，ガス燃
料噴射穴が１２のとき水噴射穴は６，ガス燃料噴射穴が
８のとき水噴射穴は４程度とする。The number of water injection holes is desirably the same as the number of gas fuel injection holes as in the above embodiment. However, in general, there are 12 or 8 gas fuel injection holes. If the same number of 12 or 8 water injection holes is used, the hole diameter becomes too small and machining becomes difficult. May be reduced. In this case, as the lower limit of the number of water injection holes, when the number of gas fuel injection holes is 12, the number of water injection holes is 6, and when the number of gas fuel injection holes is 8, the number of water injection holes is about 4.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば，複数個のガス燃料噴射
穴から出るガス燃料中の燃料と水の混合比が均一とな
り，排気中のＮＯx が減少するとともに，一次燃焼域の
ガス温度が均一化される。前者は公害防止に，後者は燃
焼器寿命の増大に，それぞれ寄与する。According to the present invention, the mixing ratio of fuel and water in the gas fuel exiting from the plurality of gas fuel injection holes becomes uniform, with NO x in the exhaust gas decreases, the gas temperature of the primary combustion zone Is made uniform. The former contributes to pollution prevention, and the latter contributes to prolonging combustor life.
【図１】図１は本発明の一実施例に係る燃料ノズルの一
例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a fuel nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図２は排気中のＮＯx 濃度計測結果を，本発明
と従来のものを比較して示す図である。The Figure 2 concentration of NO x measurement results in the exhaust, which is a graph showing by comparison the ones present invention and the prior art.
【図３】図３は従来のガス燃料ノズルの一例を示す縦断
面図である。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional gas fuel nozzle.
（０１） 混合器 （０２），（２） エルボ （０３），（３） ノズルホルダ （０４），（４） ガス燃料噴射穴 （５） 水室 （６） 水噴射穴 （７） 連通穴 （８） 水供給管 (01) Mixer (02), (2) Elbow (03), (3) Nozzle holder (04), (4) Gas fuel injection hole (5) Water chamber (6) Water injection hole (7) Communication hole ( 8) Water supply pipe
Claims (1)
繞するガス燃料ノズルにおいて、ガス燃料噴射穴の上流
側近傍に設けられた水室と，同水室をガス燃料通路に連
通させる複数の水噴射穴と，上記水室に水を供給する手
段とを具えたことを特徴とするガスタービン燃焼器の燃
料ノズル。1. A liquid fuel system nozzle disposed at a center.
A surrounding gas fuel nozzle, a water chamber provided near the upstream side of the gas fuel injection hole, a plurality of water injection holes communicating the water chamber with the gas fuel passage, and means for supplying water to the water chamber. A fuel nozzle for a gas turbine combustor, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34311191A JP2955093B2 (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Gas turbine combustor fuel nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34311191A JP2955093B2 (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Gas turbine combustor fuel nozzle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05171954A JPH05171954A (en) | 1993-07-09 |
| JP2955093B2 true JP2955093B2 (en) | 1999-10-04 |
Family
ID=18359027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34311191A Expired - Fee Related JP2955093B2 (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Gas turbine combustor fuel nozzle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2955093B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7451602B2 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2008-11-18 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for injecting fluids into turbine engines |
| US7665308B2 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2010-02-23 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for injecting fluids into a turbine engine |
| JP5204756B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2013-06-05 | アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド | Fuel lance used in gas turbine equipment and method for operating the fuel lance |
| JP6086860B2 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-03-01 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Nozzle, combustor, and gas turbine |
-
1991
- 1991-12-25 JP JP34311191A patent/JP2955093B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05171954A (en) | 1993-07-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 19990622 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |