JP2940359B2 - LCD panel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel using electro-optical characteristics of a liquid crystal, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display panel using a polarizing plate integrated substrate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For the purpose of simplifying the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display element and reducing costs, it has been studied to integrate a liquid crystal element substrate with a polarizing plate. For example, a substrate in which a transparent electrode is formed on a polarizing plate (JP-A-55-1358)
No. 16), a laminated substrate in which a polarizing plate is sandwiched between two uniaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalates (PET) (JP-A-58-143319), and a laminated plate in which a polarizing plate is sandwiched between two polyether sulfones (PES). Substrate having a transparent electrode formed on the substrate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-11 / 1986)
No. 6331) and a substrate in which PES is laminated on a polarizing plate to form a transparent electrode (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-169425).

Further, as an operation mode of a liquid crystal display panel which is generally put into practical use at present, a twisted nematic (TN) type in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 ° between two substrates, a 180 ° to 270 ° mode is used. Super twisted nematic (ST
N) type. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 61-116331 and 2-97917 also describe a liquid crystal display panel with a polarizing plate integrated type substrate.
TN type or ST
N-type is used.

In a TN type or STN type liquid crystal display panel, an alignment film formed on a substrate is generally rubbed in one direction using a rayon cloth or the like, so that liquid crystal molecules at a substrate interface are at a pretilt angle relative to the substrate. Liquid crystal molecules are twisted between the upper and lower substrates arranged so that the rubbing direction is set at a predetermined angle, and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is aligned with the rubbing direction of the substrate. A polarizing plate is arranged outside the transparent electrode so as to set a predetermined angle. In addition, a TN or STN liquid crystal display panel has asymmetry of a viewing angle, and causes a reduction in display quality such as an extremely low contrast ratio depending on the viewing angle direction or inversion of a display image, particularly. A problem occurs in the case of halftone display.

Therefore, when setting the viewing angle of a TN type or STN type liquid crystal display panel, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate and
The rubbing direction and the substrate on which the transparent electrode is formed by patterning the segment electrode and the common electrode are in an important positional relationship on the upper and lower substrates. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a TN-type liquid crystal display panel has an upper substrate 22 on which segment electrodes 20 are formed and a common electrode 21 (perpendicular to the segment electrodes 20) in order to set the viewing angle direction 30. The rubbing direction 24 of the upper substrate, the rubbing direction 25 of the lower substrate, the absorption axis 26 of the polarizing plate of the upper substrate,
The absorption axis 27 of the polarizing plate of the lower substrate must be set at a predetermined angle.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A liquid crystal display panel of a polarizing plate integrated type substrate using a TN type or STN type operation mode is required to set a viewing angle direction of the liquid crystal display panel.
In the upper and lower substrates, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, the rubbing direction, the segment electrode and the common electrode obtained by patterning and forming the transparent electrode are set at predetermined angles, respectively, and the rubbing direction of the upper and lower substrates is further set at a predetermined angle. However, there is a problem that the segment electrode and the common electrode must be arranged when patterning the transparent electrode on the polarizing plate integrated type substrate. Since the polarizing plate is usually formed by stretching, the raw material of the polarizing plate-integrated substrate is a band-shaped substrate, and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped substrate. Therefore, for example, in a TN type liquid crystal display panel as shown in FIG. 9, the upper substrate 22 and the lower substrate 23 in which the transparent electrodes are patterned with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are arranged obliquely.
As shown in FIG. 10, the upper substrate 22 and the lower substrate 23 are arranged obliquely with respect to the original sheet of the polarizing plate integrated type substrate, and there is a problem that a portion that is not effectively used increases the cost.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a liquid crystal display panel using a polarizing plate integrated type substrate.

[0008]

In view of the above problems, the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention provides three means.

(Means 1) In a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, the substrate is a polarizing plate-integrated substrate composed of a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates is Arranged such that the absorption axes of the polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other, the liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is horizontal or several degrees with respect to the substrate interface. There are a plurality of regions where the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is oriented microscopically in a uniform direction with a pretilt angle, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule is different between each region. The liquid crystal molecules exhibit a twisted alignment between the pair of substrates.

(Means 2) In a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, the substrate is a polarizing plate-integrated substrate composed of a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates is a polarizing plate. The liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and the direction of the molecular long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned with the substrate interface when no voltage is applied or a threshold voltage or less. Present at a threshold voltage or higher, there are a plurality of microscopic regions in which the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned in a uniform direction, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is between each region. The liquid crystal molecules exist in different directions, and exhibit a twisted alignment state between a pair of substrates in the region.

(Means 3) In a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, the substrate is a polarizing plate-integrated substrate comprising a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates is a polarizing plate. The absorption axes of the plates are arranged orthogonal to each other, the liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having a positive dielectric anisotropy, and the molecular long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules on one substrate surface is relative to the substrate interface. There are a plurality of microscopic regions oriented in a uniform direction with a pretilt angle of horizontal or several degrees, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular or inclined to the substrate interface on the opposing substrate surface. The liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, and the liquid crystal molecules exhibit a twisted alignment state between the pair of substrates, and the liquid crystal molecule major axis directions are different between the regions.

[0012]

[Action]

(Function 1) According to the configuration of the means 1, a large number of regions having different alignment states are formed by randomly aligning the liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules in each region have a uniform molecular long axis (hereinafter, referred to as a director) direction (hereinafter, a region having the same director direction is referred to as a domain). Between the upper and lower substrates where the absorption axes of the polarizers are orthogonally arranged, when no voltage is applied or the threshold voltage or less, the liquid crystal molecules pass through one polarizer because there are a plurality of domains with different torsional orientations in their director directions. While passing through the liquid crystal layer, the linearly polarized light becomes elliptically polarized on the other polarizing plate surface due to the birefringence effect and is transmitted. When the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a splay alignment state in each domain, and the linearly polarized light that has passed through one polarizing plate passes through the liquid crystal layer as it is and is absorbed by the other polarizing plate surface. In addition, when the voltage is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a random alignment state, and there is almost no asymmetry of the viewing angle, and the viewing angle is wide. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display panel of a polarizing plate integrated type substrate in which the absorption axis direction and the viewing angle direction of the polarizing plate are not related. Only the orthogonal arrangement of the absorption axes of the plates and the electrode arrangement between the upper and lower substrates are required.

(Function 2) According to the configuration of the means 2, the liquid crystal molecules are vertically or slightly inclined at the interface between the upper and lower substrates, and are oriented with the director direction being twisted between the upper and lower substrates. doing. When no voltage is applied or the threshold voltage is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage between the upper and lower substrates in which the absorption axes of the polarizing plates are orthogonally arranged, the linearly polarized light passing through one polarizing plate passes through the liquid crystal layer as it is and is absorbed by the other polarizing plate surface. Above the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules oriented vertically or inclined vertically have the director direction perpendicular to the electric field vector, so that the liquid crystal molecules between the substrates form many domains having different director directions, and Each domain has a twist-bend alignment state. In this state, the linearly polarized light that has passed through one of the polarizing plates passes through the liquid crystal layer and becomes elliptically polarized on the surface of the other polarizing plate due to the birefringence effect, and is transmitted. When the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a random alignment state, there is almost no asymmetry of the viewing angle, and the viewing angle is wide. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display panel of a polarizing plate integrated type substrate in which the absorption axis direction and the viewing angle direction of the polarizing plate are not related. Only the orthogonal arrangement of the absorption axes of the plates and the electrode arrangement between the upper and lower substrates are required.

(Function 3) According to the structure of the means 3, the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned at the interface of one substrate and are horizontally aligned at the other substrate surface, and are aligned while being continuously twisted between the upper and lower substrates. I have. Since the director direction of the horizontally aligned liquid crystal molecules is arbitrary, there are a plurality of domains having different director directions. When no voltage is applied or the threshold voltage or less is applied between the upper and lower substrates where the absorption axes of the polarizers are orthogonally arranged, the linearly polarized light that has passed through one polarizer is polarized by the birefringence effect due to a change in the director in the domain. On the plate surface, the light is in an elliptically polarized state and is transmitted. When the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a splay alignment state in each domain, and the linearly polarized light that has passed through one polarizing plate passes through the liquid crystal layer as it is and is absorbed by the other polarizing plate surface. In addition, when the voltage is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a random alignment state, and there is almost no asymmetry of the viewing angle, and the viewing angle is wide. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display panel of a polarizing plate integrated type substrate in which the absorption axis direction and the viewing angle direction of the polarizing plate are not related. Only the orthogonal arrangement of the absorption axes of the plates and the electrode arrangement between the upper and lower substrates are required.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 (FIG. 1) is an example of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention. 1 is an upper substrate, 2 is a segment electrode, 3 is a lower substrate, 4 is a common electrode, 5 is an alignment film, 6 is a chiral nematic liquid crystal layer, 7 is a spacer, and 8 is a sealing material. The substrates 1 and 3 are polarizing plate-integrated substrates. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a polarizing plate 13 is sandwiched between a pair of polyethersulfone films 14 and 15 as optically isotropic substrates. Further, a CST manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd. having a five-layer structure in which an undercoat layer 16 and a transparent electrode (ITO) layer 17 are further provided on the film 14.
A -7100 polarizing plate integrated type substrate is used. In order to arrange the segment electrode 2 and the common electrode 4 so as to be orthogonal to each other and to arrange the absorption axes of the polarizing plates of the upper and lower substrates so as to be orthogonal, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. The absorption axis direction 9 of the polarizing plate 1 and the segment electrode 2 are arranged in parallel, and the absorption axis direction 10 of the polarizing plate of the lower substrate 3 and the common electrode 4 are arranged in parallel.

(FIG. 4) shows a sheet 18 of a polarizing plate-integrated substrate whose absorption axis is a band-like substrate having a longitudinal direction (FIG. 3).
This is an example in which the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 3 are arranged. When the absorption axis direction 19 of the polarizing plate is parallel to the segment electrode 2 and the common electrode 4, the raw material 18 of the polarizing plate integrated substrate is not effectively used. There are few parts. The upper substrate 1 is patterned by photolithography so as to be arranged as shown in FIG. 3 to obtain 64 striped segment electrodes 2 (parallel to the absorption axis direction 9 of the polarizing plate of the upper substrate 1). Using the same method, 64 stripe-shaped common electrodes 4 (parallel to the absorption axis direction 10 of the polarizing plate of the lower substrate 3) are formed on the lower substrate.

On such substrates 1 and 3, an alignment film 5 having a thickness of 800 ° is formed by a printing method. For example, HL-1100 (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) is used as the alignment film. The alignment film has a function of aligning the liquid crystal molecules with a horizontal or several degree pretilt angle on the substrate surface.

Next, spherical spacers 7 made of plastic (for example, Micropearl: manufactured by Sekisui Fine Co., Ltd.) are uniformly dispersed on the lower substrate 3 or the alignment film 5. The spherical diameter of the spacer is 5 μm. A thermosetting sealing material 8 (for example, ERS1000, 1800: manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) is formed by printing on the periphery of the upper substrate 1 by providing a liquid crystal injection port, and the segment electrode 2 and the common electrode 4 are perpendicular to each other. The upper and lower substrates 1 and 3 are attached to each other, and the sealing material 8 is completely cured at a predetermined temperature.

Next, a nematic liquid crystal having a refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of 0.134 is added to a right-twisted chiral substance (for example, R
-1011: Merck) and the cell gap (d)
In contrast, the value of the spontaneous twist pitch (p) is 0 ≦ d / p <
The density is adjusted to be 1. In this embodiment, a right-handed chiral substance is added so that the d / p value becomes 0.5. The chiral nematic liquid crystal 6 produced under such conditions is heated to an isotropic state and injected between the substrates 1 and 3 by a vacuum injection method. At this time, the substrates 1 and 3 also have a nematic phase-isotropic phase transition temperature (NI
(Point) It is heated to the above temperature. After the chiral nematic liquid crystal 6 is completely filled, the liquid crystal display panel is gradually cooled, and the liquid crystal injection port is sealed with a sealing resin.

Light is incident on the liquid crystal display panel manufactured as described above from the lower substrate and observed from above the upper substrate.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a microscopic alignment state in a pixel at an off-voltage when the liquid crystal display panel of this embodiment is driven at 1/64 Duty. Reference numeral 43 in FIG. 5 represents a molecular long axis (director) of the liquid crystal molecule. Regions (domains) 44, 45, 46, 47 where the directors at the substrate interface are different
There are multiple. In a normal liquid crystal display panel, rubbing is performed on an alignment film, so that only one domain in which the direction of a director is the same is seen in a pixel.

In this embodiment, since the rubbing treatment is not performed on the alignment film, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in an amorphous state due to the intermolecular force with the alignment film, and the liquid crystal molecules are generated with a plurality of domains. Conceivable. Within each domain, the liquid crystal molecules exhibit a twisted orientation between the upper and lower substrates according to the set value of d / p. In the case of this embodiment, since d / p is set to 0.5, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented by being twisted by 180 ° between the upper and lower substrates. In this case, the incident light is considered to be emitted in an elliptically polarized state due to the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer.

Next, when an on-voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in each domain change from the twisted alignment state to the splay alignment state so that the director becomes parallel to the direction of the electric field.
The incident light propagates through the liquid crystal layer in a substantially linearly polarized state, and is cut by the exit-side polarizing plate to obtain a dark state.

FIG. 6 shows the measurement of the viewing angle at a half-tone voltage at which a relative transmittance at a front view angle of 50% is applied by applying a rectangular wave voltage of 60 Hz. This shows an area where the contrast ratio is 10. When the liquid crystal display panel is viewed from an oblique direction in this way, since there are a plurality of domains in which the director direction is arbitrary and the anisotropy in the viewing angle direction is eliminated, the viewing angle dependency of the transmitted light intensity is eliminated.
The viewing angle increases.

In this embodiment, the retardation (Δn × d)
Is set to 0.670 μm. When the retardation is 1 μm or more, coloring occurs because the transmittance of light propagating through the liquid crystal layer varies depending on the wavelength.
Below, steepness sufficient for performing multiplex driving cannot be obtained, which is not preferable in terms of display. Therefore, the retardation is preferably practically in the range of 0.45 μm <Δn × d <1 μm.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. (Example 2) In the same manner as in Example 1, an alignment film having a vertical alignment action (for example, SE-7511L: manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was applied to two polarizing plate integrated substrates with ITO. And baking on a hot plate at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, spacers having a particle size of 6 μm are dispersed on one substrate so that the distribution density thereof is about 200 per square mm, and the segment electrodes and the common electrode are orthogonal to each other and the absorption axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other. Are bonded together with a sealant. Refractive index anisotropy is 0.1
A nematic liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy of 52 (for example, M
LC-2009: manufactured by Merck Japan Ltd.)
A chiral nematic liquid crystal adjusted so that d / p becomes 0.25 is injected at a temperature equal to or higher than the NI point, and gradually cooled and sealed.
Obtain a liquid crystal display panel.

Light is incident on the liquid crystal display panel manufactured as described above from the lower substrate and observed from above the upper substrate.
In an applied voltage state equal to or lower than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are in a vertical alignment state vertically or slightly inclined between the upper and lower substrates. At this time, the retardation is almost 0,
Since the incident linearly polarized light propagates in the liquid crystal layer without changing the polarization state, a light-shielded state can be obtained on the output polarizing plate surface.

FIG. 7 shows the liquid crystal display panel of the present embodiment as one.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a microscopic alignment state in a pixel at an ON voltage when driven at / 64 Duty. Numeral 53 in FIG. 7 indicates the molecular long axis (director) of the liquid crystal molecules. Regions (domains) 54, 5 with different directors at the substrate interface
There are a plurality of 5, 56 and 57. In the case of this embodiment, d /
Since p is set to 0.25, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented with the director direction twisted by 90 ° between the upper and lower substrates. In this case, the incident light enters an elliptically polarized state due to the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer, and transmits through the polarizing plate on the emission side.

When the liquid crystal display panel in this state is viewed from an oblique direction, the generation of a plurality of domains eliminates the anisotropy of the retardation in the viewing angle direction. Therefore, the viewing angle does not depend on the transmitted light intensity, and as a result, the viewing angle is enlarged.

In the case of the structure of this embodiment, the retardation at the threshold voltage or higher is larger than that of the TN type multi-domain liquid crystal panel described in the first embodiment. Therefore, for the same applied voltage, the smaller the retardation value, the less the polarization rotation of light passing through the liquid crystal layer, and the light propagates as linearly polarized light, so that light leakage is reduced and high contrast display is possible. The generation of a plurality of domains also has the effect of a wide viewing angle. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the retardation on display is preferably 0.45 μm <Δnxd <1 μm.
In this embodiment, it is set to 0.912.

In this embodiment, the retardation (Δn × d)
Is set to 0.912 μm. When the retardation is 1 μm or more, coloring occurs because the transmittance of light propagating through the liquid crystal layer varies depending on the wavelength.
Below, steepness sufficient for performing multiplex driving cannot be obtained, which is not preferable in terms of display. Therefore, the retardation is preferably practically in the range of 0.45 μm <Δn × d <1 μm.

(Embodiment 3) In the same manner as in Embodiment 1,
An alignment film having a horizontal alignment action (for example, RN-779: Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.) on one of the two polarizing plate integrated substrates with O
Silane coupling (for example, ODS-E: manufactured by Chisso Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) is applied to the other substrate and baked on a hot plate at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, spacers having a particle size of 6 μm are dispersed on one substrate so that the distribution density thereof is about 200 per square mm, and the segment electrodes and the common electrode are orthogonal to each other and the absorption axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other. Are bonded together with a sealant. Positive dielectric anisotropy adjusted so that d / p is 0.25 (Δn = 0.13
The chiral nematic liquid crystal having the above item 4) is injected at a temperature equal to or higher than the NI point, and is gradually cooled and sealed to obtain a liquid crystal display panel.
Next, light enters from one substrate side.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in a pixel when no voltage is applied in the present embodiment. The director 63 exhibits a vertical state and a horizontal state at the upper and lower substrate interfaces, respectively, and is in a continuous and twisted alignment state between the substrates. Regions (domains) 64, 65, 66, in which the director directions of the horizontally aligned liquid crystal molecules are different.
There are 67. In this state, the linearly polarized light becomes an elliptically polarized state due to the birefringence effect in each domain, and transmits through the polarizing plate on the emission side.

Next, by applying a voltage, the director of the liquid crystal molecules is displaced so as to be parallel to the electric field vector. The threshold voltage depends on d / p, and the threshold voltage tends to increase as d / p increases.

In the case of the structure of this embodiment, the retardation at the threshold voltage or higher is smaller than that of the TN type multi-domain liquid crystal panel described in the first embodiment. Therefore, for the same applied voltage, the smaller the retardation value, the less the polarization rotation of light passing through the liquid crystal layer, and the light propagates as linearly polarized light, so that light leakage is reduced and high contrast display is possible. The generation of a plurality of domains also has the effect of a wide viewing angle. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the retardation on display is preferably 0.45 μm <Δnxd <1 μm.
In this embodiment, it is set to 0.804.

In the structure of the liquid crystal display panel having the polarizing plate integrated type substrate of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to perform rubbing, so that the segment electrode and the common electrode are perpendicular to each other and the absorption axes of the upper and lower polarizers are perpendicular to each other. And the restriction on the patterning of the segment electrode and the common electrode on the polarizing plate integrated type substrate is reduced. Further, since it is not necessary to perform rubbing, it is possible to prevent a decrease in yield due to rubbing, and there is a great effect in shortening the manufacturing process. It was confirmed that a better display quality was obtained.

In this embodiment, a substrate in which the upper and lower sides of a polarizing plate are sandwiched between polyethersulfones is used as a polarizing plate integrated type substrate, but other substrates such as polyarylate, polycarbonate, etc. may be used as a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate. A polarizing plate may be laminated on a plastic substrate or a glass substrate. In addition, as one of the polarizing plate integrated substrates, a substrate in which a reflecting plate is laminated on a surface outside the polarizing plate may be used. Also,
In the configuration of the liquid crystal display panel of the polarizing plate integrated type substrate of this embodiment, the segment electrode and the common electrode are parallel to the absorption axis of each substrate, but the segment electrode and the common electrode are orthogonal to each other and the upper and lower polarizing plates are used. May be arranged so that the absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and the arrangement relationship may be such that the original sheet of the polarizing plate integrated type substrate is effectively used depending on the shapes of the upper and lower substrates.

[0038]

As can be seen from the above embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention can be manufactured without performing rubbing treatment, and the liquid crystal molecules can be twisted horizontal alignment, twisted vertical alignment, or twisted hybrid alignment. High contrast and multi-domain wide viewing angle,
This has a very significant effect on cost reduction by shortening the manufacturing process and improving the effective use area of the polarizing plate integrated type substrate, and further improving display quality.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a polarizing plate integrated substrate according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a directional relationship of the liquid crystal display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement of an upper substrate and a lower substrate with respect to a polarizing plate-integrated substrate raw material of the liquid crystal display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a microscopic alignment state in a pixel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a viewing angle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a microscopic alignment state in a pixel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a microscopic alignment state in a pixel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a directional relationship of a TN type liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of an upper substrate and a lower substrate with respect to a polarizing plate-integrated substrate of a TN type liquid crystal display panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Upper substrate (integrated polarizing plate substrate) 2 Segment electrode 3 Lower substrate (integrated polarizing plate substrate) 4 Common electrode 5 Alignment film 6 Chiral nematic liquid crystal layer 7 Spacer 8 Sealing material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-242448 (JP, A) JP-A-6-214235 (JP, A) JP-A-63-14123 (JP, A) JP-A-63-143 38918 (JP, A) JP-A-2-137819 (JP, A) JP-A-5-173138 (JP, A) JP-A-62-280820 (JP, A) JP-A-62-35327 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G02F 1/1337 505 G02F 1/133 500

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display panel comprising a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal, wherein the substrate is a polarizing plate integrated substrate comprising a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates comprises a polarizing plate. The liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having a positive dielectric anisotropy, and the molecular long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule is horizontal or several degrees pretilt angle with respect to the substrate interface. In addition, microscopically, there are a plurality of regions in which the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a uniform direction, and between each region, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules are different, and a pair of A liquid crystal display panel characterized in that liquid crystal molecules exhibit a twisted state between substrates. 2. A liquid crystal display panel comprising a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal, wherein the substrate is a polarizing plate integrated substrate comprising a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates comprises a polarizing plate. Arranged so that the absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, the liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having a negative dielectric anisotropy. At a threshold voltage or higher, there are a plurality of microscopic regions in which the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a uniform direction, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is between each region. A liquid crystal display panel, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are present differently and exhibit a twisted alignment state between a pair of substrates in a region. 3. A liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates, wherein the substrate is a polarizing plate-integrated substrate composed of a polarizing plate or a multilayer substrate including a polarizing plate, and the pair of substrates is formed of a polarizing plate. Arranged so that the absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, the liquid crystal is a chiral nematic phase having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the molecular long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is horizontal or horizontal to the substrate interface on one substrate surface. There are a plurality of microscopic regions oriented in a uniform direction with a pretilt angle of several degrees, and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular or inclined perpendicular to the substrate interface on the opposing substrate surface. The liquid crystal display panel is characterized in that the liquid crystal molecules exhibit a twisted alignment state between the pair of substrates, and the liquid crystal molecule major axis directions are different between the regions. 4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein one of the substrates is a multilayer substrate having a reflection plate outside the polarizing plate. 5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the pair of substrates is a plastic substrate.