JP2935124B2 - Orthodontic appliance - Google Patents
Orthodontic applianceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2935124B2 JP2935124B2 JP6693790A JP6693790A JP2935124B2 JP 2935124 B2 JP2935124 B2 JP 2935124B2 JP 6693790 A JP6693790 A JP 6693790A JP 6693790 A JP6693790 A JP 6693790A JP 2935124 B2 JP2935124 B2 JP 2935124B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- orthodontic appliance
- stress
- present
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910010380 TiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000979 O alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、不正状態にある歯列を正常な歯列に矯正す
るための歯列矯正器具に関するものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an orthodontic appliance for correcting an incorrect dentition to a normal dentition.
［従来の技術］ TiNi合金、TiNiX合金（但し、Ｘ＝Cu,Cr等）合金が、
熱弾性マルテンサイト変態の逆変態に付随して顕著な形
状記憶効果を示すことは良く知られている（「金属」19
66年２月13日号,44、「日本金属学会会報」第12巻、第
３号（1973）157、「日本金属学会誌」第30巻、第２号
（1975）175）。[Prior art] TiNi alloy, TiNiX alloy (however, X = Cu, Cr etc.)
It is well known that reversal of thermoelastic martensitic transformation exhibits a remarkable shape memory effect (see “Metal” 19
Feb. 13, 66 issue, 44, "The Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals" Vol. 12, No. 3 (1973) 157, "Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals", Vol. 30, No. 2 (1975) 175).
これと同時にTiNi合金にゴムのようなしなやかさを示
す超弾性機能があることも良く知られている（「J.App
l.phys.34（1963）1475、東北大学選研彙報27（1971）2
45）。At the same time, it is well known that TiNi alloys have a super-elastic function that shows the suppleness of rubber (see “J. App.
l.phys.34 (1963) 1475, Tohoku University Selected Research Bulletin 27 (1971) 2
45).
これらの形状記憶及び超弾性機能を利用してパイプ継
手、感温アクチュエータ、ヒートエンジン、ブラジャー
および歯科矯正器具に適用することは、米国特許第4037
3号に開示されている。Utilizing these shape memory and superelastic features to apply to pipe fittings, temperature sensitive actuators, heat engines, bras and orthodontic appliances is disclosed in U.S. Pat.
It is disclosed in Issue 3.
また、JADA,82（1971）1373,Am.J.Orthod.,63（197
3）464.にも詳しく述べられている。JADA, 82 (1971) 1373, Am. J. Orthod., 63 (197
3) 464.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 前述した歯列矯正器具は周知の歯との関係で、不規則
及び不正常な歯を矯正するために使われる。この修正操
作は、変形応力の荷重の除荷に伴い可逆的にエネルギー
を吸収したり放出したりすることが可能なワイヤーを用
いた器具の使用によって行われる。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned orthodontic appliances are used to correct irregular and abnormal teeth in relation to known teeth. This correction operation is performed by using a device using a wire capable of reversibly absorbing and releasing energy as the load of the deformation stress is removed.
この矯正器具に使用されるワイヤーは、主として18−
８ステンレスワイヤーであり、最近ではTiNi合金ワイヤ
ーが使用され始めている。The wire used for this orthosis is mainly 18-
8 stainless steel wire, and recently a TiNi alloy wire has begun to be used.
後者のTiNiワイヤーは、異常な弾性限界，即ち、超弾
性機能を利用することができるため、前者の従来のステ
ンレスワイヤーと比較して、歯列の移動を大きくできる
というメリットがある。Since the latter TiNi wire can utilize an abnormal elastic limit, that is, a superelastic function, there is an advantage that the movement of the tooth row can be increased as compared with the former conventional stainless wire.
歯列矯正用としてのTiNi合金ワイヤーは、通常、冷間
加工上りによる加工硬化材あるいは、加工硬化材の400
℃〜500℃熱処理材が主である。TiNi alloy wire for orthodontics is usually made of work hardened material by cold working up or 400% of work hardened material.
Mainly heat-treated materials between ℃ and 500 ℃.
しかし、不規則及び不正常な歯を修正するためには、
ワイヤー変形後の口腔内における除荷重のエネルギーが
必要とされる。すなわち、超弾性による高い回復力が求
められる。このために、Ti−Ni合金の加工硬化材を用い
ると、回復歪みずみによって回復力が一定とならず、患
者に対し生理的苦痛を与えると同時に、歯の移動を十分
にできなかった。また、加工硬化材を400〜500℃で熱処
理した熱処理材では、回復歪みに対し回復力は略一定と
することが、可能であるが、回復力が小さくなるという
難点を持っていた。However, in order to correct irregular and irregular teeth,
Energy for unloading in the oral cavity after wire deformation is required. That is, a high recovery force due to superelasticity is required. For this reason, when a work hardening material made of a Ti—Ni alloy is used, the restoring force is not constant due to the strain of the restoring strain, causing physiological pain to the patient and, at the same time, not being able to move the teeth sufficiently. In the case of a heat-treated material obtained by heat-treating a work hardened material at 400 to 500 ° C., it is possible to make the recovery force substantially constant against the recovery strain, but there is a disadvantage that the recovery force becomes small.
また、加工硬化材は、冷間加工上りの状態で使用する
ため、加工時の歪みは全く解放されていない。このた
め、硬化加工材は、患者の口腔内使用ときに折損し易
く、患者の生理的苦痛は甚しい。Further, since the work hardening material is used in a state after cold working, distortion during working is not released at all. For this reason, the hardened material is easily broken when used in the oral cavity of the patient, and the physiological pain of the patient is severe.
そこで、本発明の技術的課題は、TiNi系合金におい
て、その回復応力を大きくした歯列矯正器具を提供する
ことにある。Therefore, a technical problem of the present invention is to provide an orthodontic appliance in which the recovery stress of a TiNi-based alloy is increased.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明によれば、Niが49.5〜50.5at％、Cr,V,Al,及び
Nbのうちの少なくとも一種が2.0at％以下、及び残部が
実質的にTiからなる合金を加工硬化後，焼鈍して用いた
ことを特徴とする歯列矯正器具が得られる。[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, Ni is 49.5 to 50.5 at%, Cr, V, Al, and
An orthodontic appliance is obtained, wherein at least one of Nb is 2.0 at% or less, and the balance is substantially Ti, after work hardening and annealing.
本発明によれば、Niが50.0〜50.5at％、Ｖが0.25〜2.
0at％、及び残部が実質的にTiからなる合金を加工硬化
後，焼鈍して用いたことを特徴とする歯列矯正器具が得
られる。According to the present invention, Ni is 50.0 to 50.5 at% and V is 0.25 to 2.
An orthodontic appliance characterized in that an alloy consisting of 0 at% and the balance substantially consisting of Ti is used after work hardening and then annealing.
本発明によれば、前記したいずれかの歯列矯正器具に
おいて、少なくとも体温（37℃）で、変形の荷重及び除
荷重時に夫々可逆なエネルギーの吸収、又は放出を容易
とし、且つ前記除荷重時の放出エネルギーが大なること
を特徴とする歯列矯正器具が得られる。According to the present invention, in any one of the orthodontic appliances described above, at least at body temperature (37 ° C.), it facilitates absorption or release of reversible energy at the time of deformation load and unloading, respectively, and at the time of unloading. An orthodontic appliance characterized in that the energy released from the tooth is increased.
通常のTiNi合金においては、良好な形状記憶効果を示
すNi濃度は、49.5〜51.0at％であることが知られてい
る。It is known that in a normal TiNi alloy, the Ni concentration that exhibits a good shape memory effect is 49.5 to 51.0 at%.
また、歯列矯正器具等に用いられる超弾性を得るため
に、400〜500℃で焼鈍する場合には、Ni濃度は50.5〜5
1.0at％（原子パーセント）が適当であることも知られ
ている。When annealing at 400 to 500 ° C. to obtain superelasticity used for orthodontic appliances, the Ni concentration is 50.5 to 5
It is also known that 1.0 at% (atomic percent) is suitable.
以上の事実に、更に、本発明の課題である37℃での回
復応力を高めるためには、Niの一部を第３元素で置換す
ることが考えられるが、本発明者らは、Cr,V,Al,及びNb
にその効果が著しく、特にＶが回復力を高めるためにも
最も有効であることを発見したものである。In addition to the above facts, in order to further increase the recovery stress at 37 ° C., which is the subject of the present invention, it is conceivable to replace a part of Ni with a third element. V, Al, and Nb
In particular, it has been found that the effect is remarkable, and in particular, V is most effective for enhancing the resilience.
ここで、本発明において、Ni濃度を49.5〜59.5at％と
したのは、49.5at％未満では、37℃での超弾性の戻りに
ついて、第３の元素を添加しても顕著な改善効果が認め
られないからであり、一方、Ni濃度が50.5at％を越える
と、効果は増大するものの加工性が悪くなるためであ
る。Here, in the present invention, the reason why the Ni concentration is set to 49.5 to 59.5 at% is that, when the Ni concentration is less than 49.5 at%, a remarkable improvement effect on the return of superelasticity at 37 ° C. is obtained even when the third element is added. On the other hand, if the Ni concentration exceeds 50.5 at%, the effect is increased but the workability is deteriorated.
また、第３の元素の添加量を0.25〜2at％の範囲内と
したのは、0.25at％未満では、前述の効果が薄くなり2.
0at％を越える範囲では、加工性が悪くなるためであ
る。Further, the reason why the addition amount of the third element is set in the range of 0.25 to 2 at% is that if the addition amount is less than 0.25 at%, the above-mentioned effect is weakened.
If the content exceeds 0 at%, the workability deteriorates.
更に、本発明の歯列矯正器具に用いられるTiNiV合金
のNi濃度を50.0〜50.5at％としたのは、前述の効果を最
大限に求めることができる有効濃度がこの範囲内にある
からである。Further, the Ni concentration of the TiNiV alloy used in the orthodontic appliance of the present invention was set to 50.0 to 50.5 at% because the effective concentration capable of maximizing the above-mentioned effect is within this range. .
［実施例］ 次に本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。Example Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１表に示す組成の合金（No.1〜23）を溶解し、熱間
加工及び冷間加工によって、最終冷間加工率50％、直径
0.5mmφの線材を得た。The alloys (Nos. 1 to 23) having the composition shown in Table 1 were melted and subjected to hot working and cold working.
A 0.5 mmφ wire was obtained.
第１表中で、「加工不可」と記しているのは、直径0.
5mmφ以下の加工が不可能であったものを示している。In Table 1, "Processing not possible" is marked with a diameter of 0.
The figure shows that processing of 5 mmφ or less was impossible.
これらのワイヤーを37℃に於ける引張下での荷重、除
荷重曲線を求め、張弾性特性の評価を行った。その結果
の一部を第１図（ａ），（ｂ），及び（ｃ）に示す。The load and unloading curve of these wires under tension at 37 ° C. were determined, and the tensile elastic properties were evaluated. Some of the results are shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and (c).
第１図（ａ）の曲線は、加工硬化上り及び500℃焼鈍
上りのTi47.75Ni50.25Ｖ2.0合金（No.1）の夫々の応力
Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸びε（％）との関係を示し、第１図
（ｂ）の曲線は、加工硬化上り及び500℃焼鈍上りのTi
50Ni50合金（No.22）の夫々の応力Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸び
ε（％）との関係を示し、第１図（ｃ）の曲線は、加工
硬化上り及び500℃焼鈍上りのTi49Ni51合金（No.23）の
夫々の応力Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸びε（％）との関係を示す
曲線である。The curve in FIG. 1 (a) shows the relationship between the stress F (kg / mm 2 ) and the elongation ε (%) of the Ti 47.75 Ni 50.25 V 2.0 alloy (No. 1) after work hardening and annealing at 500 ° C. FIG. 1 (b) shows the relationship between Ti after work hardening and 500 ° C. annealing.
50 Ni 50 shows the relationship between the alloy and the elongation epsilon (%) respectively of the stress F (kg / mm 2) of the (No.22), the curve of FIG. 1 (c), the work hardening upstream and 500 ° C. annealing up 3 is a curve showing the relationship between the stress F (kg / mm 2 ) and the elongation ε (%) of the Ti 49 Ni 51 alloy (No. 23).
加工上りの超弾性特性は、合金（No.21,22,23）とも
同様であり、いずれの合金（No.21,22,23）も伸びε
（％）に対しての荷重の依存性が高い。即ち、回復応力
は、一定とならない。The superelastic properties after processing are the same as those of the alloys (Nos. 21, 22, and 23).
(%) Is highly dependent on the load. That is, the recovery stress is not constant.
これに対して、500℃焼鈍材上りでは、本発明合金（N
o.21）の除荷重時の回復応力は伸びε（％）に対して一
定となり定応力で回復する。On the other hand, the alloy of the present invention (N
The recovery stress at the time of unloading in o.21) becomes constant with respect to the elongation ε (%) and recovers at a constant stress.
同様なことが比較合金（No.23）でも言えるが、その
応力は合金（No.21）は約50kg/mm2となり、合金（No.2
3）は約20kg/mm2となり、本発明合金が、比較合金に比
べ２倍以上の回復力を示すことがわかった。The same can be said for the comparative alloy (No. 23), but the stress is about 50 kg / mm 2 for the alloy (No. 21) and the alloy (No. 2).
3) was about 20 kg / mm 2 , and it was found that the alloy of the present invention exhibited a recovery force more than twice that of the comparative alloy.
本発明の実施例において、Ni濃度は、49.5at％未満で
は、第１表中の合金（No.14,16）のように、超弾性の戻
りが元素によって悪くなり、50.5at％を越えると、効果
は増大するものの加工性が悪くなる。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the Ni concentration is less than 49.5 at%, as in the alloys (Nos. 14 and 16) in Table 1, the reversion of superelasticity is deteriorated by the element. Although the effect is increased, the workability is deteriorated.
従って、Ni濃度は49.5〜50.5at％の範囲とされる。 Therefore, the Ni concentration is in the range of 49.5 to 50.5 at%.
また、第３元素添加量は、0.25at％未満では、第１表
中の合金（No.1,4）のように、その効果が薄くなり2.0a
t％以上では第１表中合金（No.3,9）のように、加工性
が悪くなる。If the amount of addition of the third element is less than 0.25 at%, the effect is reduced as shown in the alloys (Nos. 1 and 4) in Table 1 and 2.0 a.
Above t%, the workability deteriorates, as in the alloys in Table 1 (Nos. 3 and 9).
従って、その組成は、0.25〜2.0at％が好ましい。 Therefore, the composition is preferably 0.25 to 2.0 at%.
更に、TiNiV合金のNi濃度は効果を最大限に求めるこ
とができる有効濃度は50.0〜50.5at％の範囲内である。Further, the Ni concentration of the TiNiV alloy is in the range of 50.0 to 50.5 at%, at which the effect can be obtained to the maximum.
本発明の合金が可逆性を損なわず、回復応力をを十分
に保持できるためには、不正状態にある歯列の状況に応
じて、従来のTiNi合金に比べ種々の線径状態を選ぶこと
が可能である。In order that the alloy of the present invention does not impair the reversibility and sufficiently maintain the recovery stress, it is necessary to select various wire diameter states as compared with the conventional TiNi alloy according to the situation of the tooth row in an incorrect state. It is possible.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したように、本発明によれば、可逆性に富
み、変形の除荷時の放出エネルギーが極めて大きく且つ
回復応力の大きな歯列矯正器具を提供することができ
る。さらに、本発明によれば、高応力超弾性ワイヤーを
得ることができるために、従来に比べて線寸法を細くで
きるワイヤーからなる歯列矯正器具を提供することがで
きる。 [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance that is rich in reversibility, has a very large release energy at the time of unloading deformation, and has a large recovery stress. Further, according to the present invention, since a high-stress superelastic wire can be obtained, an orthodontic appliance including a wire whose line dimension can be made thinner than before can be provided.
第１図（ａ）は37℃における加工硬化上り及び500℃焼
鈍上りのTi47.75Ni50.25−Ｖ2.0合金（No.21）の夫々の
応力Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸びε（％）との関係を示す図、第
１図（ｂ）は加工硬化上り及び500℃焼鈍上りのTi50Ni
50合金（No.22）の夫々の応力Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸びε
（％）との関係を示す図、第１図（ｃ）は加工硬化上り
及び500℃焼鈍上りのTi49Ni51合金（No.23）の夫々の応
力Ｆ（kg/mm2）と伸びε（％）との関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 (a) shows the stress F (kg / mm 2 ) and elongation ε (%) of the Ti 47.75 Ni 50.25 -V 2.0 alloy (No. 21) after work hardening at 37 ° C. and annealing at 500 ° C., respectively. FIG. 1 (b) shows the relationship between Ti 50 Ni after work hardening and 500 ° C. annealing.
Stress F (kg / mm 2 ) and elongation ε of 50 alloy (No. 22)
FIG. 1 (c) shows the stress F (kg / mm 2 ) and elongation ε of the Ti 49 Ni 51 alloy (No. 23) after work hardening and after annealing at 500 ° C., respectively. It is a figure which shows the relationship with (%).
Claims (3)
ちの少なくとも一種が2.0at％以下、及び残部が実質的
にTiからなる合金を加工硬化後、焼鈍して用いたことを
特徴とする歯列矯正器具。1. An alloy comprising 49.5 to 50.5 at% of Ni, at least one of Cr, V, Al and Nb of 2.0 at% or less, and the balance substantially consisting of Ti, which is annealed after work hardening. An orthodontic appliance characterized by being used.
％、及び残部が実質的にTiからなる合金を加工硬化後、
焼鈍して用いたことを特徴とする歯列矯正器具。2. Ni is 50.0 to 50.5 at% and V is 0.25 to 2.0 at%.
%, And after work-hardening the alloy substantially consisting of Ti,
An orthodontic appliance characterized by being used after annealing.
て、少なくとも体温（37℃）で、変形の荷重及び除荷重
時に夫々可逆なエネルギーの吸収、又は放出を容易と
し、且つ前記除荷重時の放出エネルギーが大なることを
特徴とする歯列矯正器具。3. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein reversible energy is easily absorbed or released at the time of deformation load and unloading at least at body temperature (37 ° C.), and said unloading is performed. An orthodontic appliance characterized by high energy release at the time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6693790A JP2935124B2 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Orthodontic appliance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6693790A JP2935124B2 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Orthodontic appliance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03268749A JPH03268749A (en) | 1991-11-29 |
| JP2935124B2 true JP2935124B2 (en) | 1999-08-16 |
Family
ID=13330415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6693790A Expired - Lifetime JP2935124B2 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | Orthodontic appliance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2935124B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5044947A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1991-09-03 | Ormco Corporation | Orthodontic archwire and method of moving teeth |
| JPH11206786A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-08-03 | Yamaguchi Noboru | Occlusion adjuster |
| JP5143342B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2013-02-13 | Ｎｅｃトーキン株式会社 | Autonomous functional stent |
| JP4737518B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2011-08-03 | Ｎｅｃトーキン株式会社 | Ti-Ni-Nb alloy element |
| KR101334290B1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2013-11-29 | 사에스 스마트 머티리얼즈 | Ni-Ti SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS AND RELATED METHODS |
-
1990
- 1990-03-19 JP JP6693790A patent/JP2935124B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03268749A (en) | 1991-11-29 |
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