JP2923228B2 - Dump truck - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dump truck in which a carrier is tilted by a cylinder, and more particularly to a large dump truck having a loading capacity of 10 tons or more.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dump truck is capable of efficiently lowering a mounted heavy load by tilting a carrier with a cylinder. In a dump truck having a loading capacity of 10 tons or more, the two wheels of the front wheel and the rear wheel cannot withstand the load, and therefore, as shown in FIG. Further, the two shafts of the rear wheel 1 are provided with double tires to increase the load bearing capacity.

[0003]

In the dump truck having the rear wheel 1 as a two-axle, a heavy load can be supported by the rear axle 2 with tires mounted in a double state while the carrier is raised. However, the dump truck having this structure has a drawback in that it is not possible to stably lift the bed at a place with a poor footing or at an inclined place. This is because when the platform is lifted, the center of gravity moves rearward, and the front of the dump truck may float and fall behind. Work sites where dump trucks are used often have poor road surface conditions. In addition, there are many slopes. For this reason, it is extremely important that the dump truck that tilts the loading platform can work safely on the site of a bad scaffold. If a dump truck with a loading capacity of 10 tons or more falls backward, not only will the vehicle be damaged, but also the worker will be extremely dangerous.

[0004] If the two axes of the rear wheel disposed at the rear end of the chassis can be moved rearward with respect to the carrier,
It is possible to improve the stability of the state where the carrier is lifted. However, it is actually very difficult to move the two-axis rear wheel to the rear end of the chassis. This is because when the bed is leveled, the load on the front wheels becomes excessive, and the weight balance between the rear wheels and the front wheels deteriorates. In particular, since the front wheels operate the steering wheel, the steering wheel becomes heavy when an excessive load is applied. In addition, tire wear becomes severe. Further, there is a disadvantage that the front wheels cannot withstand a heavy load. Furthermore, since the rear wheel is connected to the chassis via a leaf spring suspension, even if the leaf spring is fixed to the rear end of the chassis, the rear wheel is fixed in the middle of the leaf spring, so it is higher than the rear end of the chassis. It will be located in front. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to move the rear wheel 1 to the rear end of the carrier. For this reason, the structure in which the rear wheel is moved to the rear end of the chassis cannot stabilize the dump truck in a state where the carrier is lifted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been developed to solve the above-mentioned extremely difficult problems of dump trucks having a large load capacity. An important object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle having a poor footing or a slope. However, another object of the present invention is to provide a dump truck that can stably lift a loading platform having a large loading capacity and that can optimally design the weight balance between the front wheels and the rear wheels when the loading platform is horizontal.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a dump truck having the following structure to achieve the above object.
The dump truck is mounted on a rear end portion of a chassis 3 to be tiltable and has a loading capacity of 10 tons or more, a cylinder 6 connected to the loading platform 2 and the chassis 3 to tilt the loading platform 2, and a chassis. 3, a front wheel 4 arranged at the front of the chassis 3 and connected to a steering wheel, a rear wheel 1 arranged at the rear of the chassis 3 and driven by an engine via a differential gear, and rear wheels 1 and 4 And an intermediate wheel 5 disposed in the middle between the two.

Further, in the dump truck of the present invention, the weight of the intermediate wheel 5 is used together with the balance weight by moving the intermediate wheel 5 forward. For this reason, the intermediate wheel 5
Rutotomoni disposed close to the front wheels 4 away from the rear wheel 1,
It is arranged behind the front end of the carrier 2. The intermediate wheel 5 disposed close to the front wheel 4 is connected to the steering wheel together with the front wheel 4 without being equipped with a heavy differential gear.

[0008]

According to the dump truck of the present invention, the intermediate wheel 5 is connected to the rear wheel 1
Away from the front wheel 4. That is, the intermediate wheel 5 of the conventional dump truck is disposed not near the rear wheel 1 but near the front wheel 4 operated by the steering wheel. The intermediate wheel 5 moved forward from the rear wheel 1 has a considerable weight. In particular, in a heavy-duty dump truck having a loading capacity of 10 tons or more, the weight of the intermediate wheel 5 is close to 1 ton. In the dump truck of the present invention, in which the extremely heavy middle wheel 5 is moved forward and disposed, the middle wheel 5 serves as a balance weight to move the center of gravity forward. For this reason, the loading platform 2 with an extremely heavy loading capacity
, The center of gravity can be located forward. For this reason, even if the platform 2 is lifted at a place where the scaffold is unstable or inclined, it can be used safely and safely without falling backward unlike a conventional dump truck.

In particular, since the middle wheel 5 is used in combination with the balance weight to move the center of gravity forward, the weight does not increase to improve stability. Currently, the total weight of dump trucks that can run on public roads is limited to 20 tons. Therefore, a dump truck with a car weight of 10 tons
The loading capacity is limited to 10 tons. If the car's own weight can be designed to 9 tons, the loading capacity can be 11 tons. For this reason, it is extremely important to design the dump truck to have a light weight. This is because the load can be increased and the transportation can be performed efficiently. The dump truck of the present invention does not increase in weight to improve stability. Rather, it is not impossible to improve stability and reduce the weight of the vehicle. This is because when the intermediate wheel 5 that is the rear wheel 1 is moved to the front wheel 4, one set of an extremely heavy differential gear can be omitted. In a conventional dump truck having two rear wheels 1, each rear wheel 1 is provided with a differential gear of several hundred kg. Intermediate wheel 5 mounted on the dump truck of the present invention
Is moved to the front wheels 4 and does not require heavy differential gears. Further, in a dump truck in which the two-axle rear wheel 1 is disposed at the rear end of the chassis 3, the load is biased toward the rear of the vehicle, so the chassis 3 needs to be designed to be strong.
The chassis 3 itself becomes heavy. On the other hand, the dump truck of the present invention moves the intermediate wheel 5 forward,
The front and rear weight balance can be made even closer, and the weight of the chassis 3 can be designed lighter. For this reason, the dump truck of the present invention can be designed to reduce the weight of the vehicle and to design a large loading capacity.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below exemplify a dump truck for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the dump truck as follows.

Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as "claims", "actions", and "actions". In the column of "Means for solving the problem". However, the members shown in the claims are
It is by no means specific to the members of the embodiment.

The dump truck shown in FIG. 2 is provided at a front end of the chassis 3, a loading platform 2 tiltably mounted on a rear end of the chassis 3, a cylinder 6 for tilting the loading platform 2. The vehicle includes a front wheel 4, a rear wheel 1 provided at a rear portion of the chassis 3 and driven by an engine, and an intermediate wheel 5 provided between the rear wheel 1 and the front wheel 4.

The chassis 3 has an engine mounted on a front portion thereof, and is located above and in front of the engine, and is arranged so that a cabinet having a driver's seat can be raised and lowered.

The loading platform 2 is connected to the rear end of the chassis 3 so as to be tiltable. The carrier 2 is connected to the chassis 3 via pins so as to be tiltable. The loading platform 2 is a large one having a loading capacity of 10 tons or more. At the rear end of the bed 2, a door that opens automatically when the bed 2 is raised is provided. When the loading platform 2 is lifted, the door is opened and heavy loads to be loaded slide down.

The cylinder 6 has a front end connected to the carrier 2 and a rear end tiltably connected to the chassis 3 via a link.
The cylinder 6 is connected to a hydraulic pump driven by an engine via an on-off valve. The on-off valve is opened and closed, and the cylinder 6 is expanded and contracted. When the cylinder 6 is extended, the rod of the cylinder 6 pushes up and lifts the bed 2 via the link. When the cylinder 6 is contracted, the bed 2 is tilted horizontally.

The front wheel 4 is attached to the front of the chassis 3 via a suspension which is a leaf spring. The front wheel 4 is connected to a steering wheel via a steering mechanism. The front wheel 4 has single tires mounted on both sides of one axle. The front wheel 4 is connected to an axle so as to be movable in a horizontal plane so that the direction can be changed by a handle.

The rear wheel 1 is a driving wheel, and is connected to the engine via a differential gear and a universal joint. Similarly to the front wheel 4, the rear wheel 1 is mounted on the chassis 3 via a suspension which is a leaf spring. The axle of the rear wheel 1 has double tires fixed on both sides. This is for increasing the withstand load.

The intermediate wheel 5 is arranged away from the rear wheel 1 and close to the front wheel 4 behind the front wheel 4. Furthermore, this middle
The wheel 5 is located behind the front end of the carrier 2 as shown in FIG.
Will be arranged. The intermediate wheel 5 is also mounted on the chassis 3 via a suspension that is a leaf spring. The intermediate wheel 5 approaching the front wheel 4 is connected to the steering wheel in the same manner as the front wheel 4, and is moved by the steering wheel in the same direction as the front wheel 4. The intermediate wheel 5 operated by the steering wheel has a single tire fixed to both sides of one axle. The dump truck of the present invention
Although both the front wheel 4 and the middle wheel 5 are connected to the steering wheel,
The intermediate wheel 5 is designed such that the steering angle of the steering wheel is smaller than that of the front wheel 4. This is because when the steering wheel is operated to change the direction of the dump truck, the intermediate wheel 5 and the front wheel 4 run smoothly without difficulty.

[0019]

The dump truck according to the present invention has a very simple structure in which the intermediate wheel, which is arranged close to the rear wheel in the conventional dump truck, is arranged close to the front wheel. It has the following important features: A platform with a large loading capacity can be stably lifted on a site with a poor scaffold or an inclined site. This is because the extremely heavy middle wheel is moved from the rear wheel to the position where the front wheel approaches, thereby using the middle wheel together with the balance weight to move the center of gravity of the vehicle forward. The dump truck of the present invention in which the intermediate wheel is moved forward by using the balance weight together with the balance weight, the intermediate wheel disposed in front of the chassis is a balance weight even if the load is raised and a large load moves rearward. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the dump truck from falling backward. In other words, the dump truck of the present invention does not stably fall backward even if a heavy load of 10 tons or more is lifted by the carrier and the load is biased backward. Therefore, there is a feature that a heavy object can be safely dropped on a place with a poor scaffold or on a slope.

The dump truck according to the present invention has a feature that the stability in a state where the carrier is lifted can be remarkably improved without increasing the total weight of the vehicle. The reason is that the dump truck of the present invention does not use a dedicated balance weight to stabilize the car, but instead moves the middle wheel from the rear wheel to the front wheel and turns it into a balance weight to stabilize it. This is because they are used together. Further, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced by omitting one set of heavy differential gears.

A conventional dump truck in which the intermediate wheel is disposed close to the rear wheel has heavy differential gears on both the intermediate wheel and the rear wheel. In the dump truck according to the present invention in which the intermediate wheel approaches the front wheel, the weight of the heavy differential gear can be reduced by omitting the differential gear of the intermediate wheel. In the conventional dump truck having two rear wheels, a differential gear is provided here with the intermediate wheel as a driving wheel, and the differential gear for the rear wheel can be omitted. However, the dump truck of this structure is
There is a disadvantage that the vehicle slips very easily on slippery road surfaces such as mud. The middle wheel, which is arranged close to the rear wheel,
This is because the load acting on the rear wheel has been reduced by half.

On the other hand, the dump truck of the present invention
It is possible to reduce the weight by omitting the differential gear for the middle wheel and to reduce the slip on slippery road surfaces such as muddy despite the fact that only the rear wheel is equipped with the differential gear. This is because there is no intermediate wheel that supports the load near the rear wheel that is the driving wheel. This is because all loads on the rear portion of the chassis act on the rear wheels that are the drive wheels, so that the load on the drive wheels increases and slip can be prevented.
Therefore, the dump truck according to the present invention has a feature that the slip can be reduced despite the fact that the differential gear is omitted and the driving wheels are made to be one shaft.

Further, the dump truck of the present invention makes it possible to reduce the weight of the chassis itself and to design the maximum load capacity to be large. Conventional dump trucks
Since the two shafts of the intermediate wheel and the rear wheel are arranged at the rear end of the chassis, the load is biased to the rear of the vehicle, and it is required to design the chassis tough. On the other hand, in the dump truck of the present invention, since the middle wheel is moved near the front wheel, the weight balance between the front and rear can be made even closer, and the weight of the chassis can be reduced. In particular, in the dump truck of the present invention, the rear wheel for fixing the tire to the double is made one axis, and the front wheel and the intermediate wheel for fixing the tire to the single are arranged at the front of the chassis. This structure is a structure in which the front and rear of the chassis can be evenly supported by the same number of tires. The chassis, which is uniformly supported in the front and rear, is locally ubiquitous, does not act on a large load, and can be reduced in weight and has sufficient strength. For a dump truck having a large loading capacity, it is extremely important how the weight of the vehicle can be reduced so that the loading capacity can be increased. This is because dump trucks that can run on public roads are limited in total weight. The dump truck according to the present invention, which can reduce the weight of the chassis to have a sufficient strength, realizes an extremely excellent feature that the loading weight is designed to be large without increasing the total weight, and that a heavy object can be efficiently transported.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a conventional dump truck.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the dump truck according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rear wheel 2 ... Luggage carrier 3 ... Chassis 4 ... Front wheel 5 ... Middle wheel 6 ... Cylinder

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-278640 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application No. Sho 59-72138 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application Utility Model Sho 55-165886 (JP, U) Takeshi Sato, "Automotive Engineering Complete Book, Vol. 14, Truck and Bus Body Structures", first edition, published February 15, 1980, Sankaido Co., Ltd., Japan, p. 56-59 (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B60P 1/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A loading platform (2) that is tiltably attached to a rear end of a chassis (3) and has a loading capacity of 10 tons or more, and a loading platform connected to the loading platform (2) and the chassis (3). A cylinder (6) for tilting (2), a front wheel (4) disposed at the front of the chassis (3) and connected to the handle, and a differential gear disposed at the rear of the chassis (3). A dump truck comprising a rear wheel (1) driven by an engine via an engine and an intermediate wheel (5) arranged between the rear wheel (1) and the front wheel (4). ), without equipping the differential gear, while being disposed close to the front wheel is separated from the rear wheels (1) (4) is configured to be steered are connected to the handle, further, the intermediate The wheel (5) is behind the front end of the carrier (2)
A dump truck characterized by being arranged .