JP2910499B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigeration system,
The present invention relates to a high-efficiency cryogenic refrigeration apparatus that reduces a cooling temperature to an arbitrary temperature and that is easy to operate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various electronic devices such as a nuclear magnetic resonance diagnostic device, a thermophysical property measuring device, a Josephson element and various sensors using a superconducting magnet, a cryopump having a high vacuum and a high pumping speed, and a superconducting magnet are used. Cryogenic liquid helium is used as the refrigerant for the electron accelerators and synchrotron radiation generators.

[0003] The refrigerant temperature of these devices to be cooled, especially 1
If the liquid helium evaporation temperature of atm is set to 4.2K or less, the critical current value of the superconducting magnet is improved.
It is very effective for stabilizing the magnet, increasing the magnetic field, and improving the NS ratio of various sensors.

However, since liquid helium as a refrigerant evaporates with a small amount of heat and is expensive, these devices are generally equipped with a refrigerating device that condenses the evaporated helium gas. Further, in the thermophysical property measuring device, the object to be cooled needs to be cooled at a wide range of cooling temperature of 4.2 K or less, and a device capable of easily changing the cooling temperature is useful.

[0005] In the structure of the conventional refrigeration system, especially 4.5K
As a device capable of generating a cooling temperature of less than, for example, a helium gas in which a negative pressure helium gas is pressurized to 10 atm or more by a compressor unit having one rotary vacuum pump and two compressors arranged in three stages, is pre-cooled. Generation circuit using a Gifford McMahon (GM) reciprocating expander as a cold generator for air conditioner and a Joule-Thomson valve (J / T)
Joule-Thomson circuit (J.
T), the exhaust gas of the pre-cooling cold generator is returned to the intermediate pressure line of the compressor unit disposed in the two stages, and the exhaust helium gas of the JT circuit Advances in Cryogenic Engineer is a method of returning to the low pressure line of the compressor unit arranged in the two stages.
ing Volume 35, Part B (1990), pp. 1277-1288. In this device, the J / T valve of the (J / T circuit) is arranged in two stages in series via a heat exchanger, and expands in two stages to reduce the refrigeration generation efficiency in an extremely low temperature region of 4.2K or less. We are improving.

In this case, the exhaust helium gas from the second stage J · T valve of the J · T circuit is recovered at the inlet of the vacuum pump under a negative pressure of about 0.2 atm or less. Therefore,
The pressure at the outlet of the J / T valve of the J / T circuit is increased by the pressure loss of the low pressure flow path in the circuit and becomes higher than the pressure at the inlet of the vacuum pump.

Further, since the helium gas pressurized by the compressor unit is supplied to the cold generation circuit and the high pressure flow path of the J / T circuit through the same pipe, the flow rate of the cold generation circuit caused by fluctuations in heat load and the like is reduced. Fluctuations in pressure affect the high and low pressure flow paths of the J · T circuit, and a stable cooling temperature and stable refrigeration cannot be obtained. Also, one vacuum pump and two compressors
Using a compressor unit arranged in a stage, pressurized helium gas is simultaneously supplied to the high pressure flow path of the cold generator circuit and the JT circuit through the same pipe, and the cold generator circuit and the JT
The exhaust gas of the circuit is respectively the medium pressure of the compressor unit,
In order to return to the low pressure line at the same time, it is necessary to separately and precisely control one and two compressors of the vacuum pump. In addition, since piping that connects the vacuum pump and the compressor must be in a negative pressure state, the possibility of inhaling atmospheric air from the connection point of the piping and contaminating the helium gas increases, and the refrigeration system must be installed. There is a problem of reducing the predetermined refrigeration performance.

When the vacuum pump and the compressor are of an oil lubrication type and the lubricating oils have different oil qualities, an oil separator and an oil return circuit for completely removing oil in the gas are provided at the vacuum pump outlet. However, there is a problem that the size of the refrigerating device is increased.

[0009]

However, as described above, the prior art has been developed to an arbitrary temperature of less than 4.5K.
There is no description on a method for cooling efficiently, stably, and easily while controlling.

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to condense the evaporated helium gas at less than 4.5K or to reduce the temperature of the cooled object to 4.5K.
Small, lightweight and easy to operate, with efficient and stable cooling to a saturated liquid helium temperature of 4.2K or less, especially under atmospheric pressure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus that stably generates a large amount of refrigeration.

[0011]

The object of the present invention is to provide a cold pre-cooling device.
A series of high-pressure pipes and low-pressure pipes isolated from the cold generation means
Built-in heat exchanger, multiple stages in the cryogenic part of the high pressure pipe
An outlet of the final stage expansion valve and the low pressure pipe provided with an expansion valve;
Low-temperature section communicates with the outlet of the expansion valve and the low-pressure pipe.
Providing a cooling part with the object to be cooled between the low-temperature part and the high-pressure part;
The pipe and the low-pressure pipe communicate with each other via compression means at room temperature.
The compression means of the refrigerating device has multiple stages in a compression chamber in the compression means.
And each of them has a continuous isolated small compression chamber
It is also achieved by using a compression means. Also,
The purpose is a heat exchanger with a built-in high pressure pipe and low pressure pipe.
A multistage expansion valve is provided at a cryogenic portion of the high pressure
The outlet of the expansion valve is set to a negative pressure, and the outlet and the low-pressure pipe
A warm section communicates with the outlet of the expansion valve and the low-pressure pipe at a low temperature.
A cooling part for cooling with the object to be cooled is provided between the
The refrigeration system in which the low-pressure pipe communicates via compression means at room temperature
The compression means in the compression chamber in the compression means has a multi-stage structure.
Compression, each having an isolated and continuous small compression chamber
It is achieved by means. In addition, the purpose is
A series of high-pressure pipes isolated from the cold-generation means for pre-cooling;
Heat exchanger with built-in low pressure pipe, cryogenic part of high pressure pipe
And the exit of the final stage expansion valve is negative.
Pressure, the outlet communicates with the low-temperature portion of the low-pressure pipe,
A body to be cooled between the outlet of the expansion valve and the low-temperature portion of the low-pressure pipe;
Cooling section, and the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe are
And the compression means of the refrigeration system communicated through the compression means
The compression chambers in the compression means
By having compression means with a continuous small compression chamber
Achieved. In addition, the above-mentioned object is a means for generating cold for pre-cooling.
Heat containing a series of high and low pressure piping isolated from the
Exchanger, multi-stage expansion valve installed in the cryogenic part of the high pressure pipe
The outlet of the last-stage expansion valve is set to a negative pressure, and the outlet and the
The low temperature part of the low pressure pipe communicates with the outlet of the expansion valve and the low pressure part.
Providing a cooling part with the object to be cooled between the low temperature parts of the pressure piping,
The high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe are connected at normal temperature through compression means.
The compression means of the refrigeration system passed through the compression chamber in the compression means
Multistage, and each is isolated have a small compression chamber of the continuous
The pressure at the suction port of the compressed means in the range from positive pressure to negative pressure.
To achieve this.

[0012]

[Function] A multistage J / T valve of a J / T circuit separated from a cold generation circuit for precooling by using, for example, a Gifford McMahon (GM) type reciprocating expander as a cold generator for precooling. The pressure at the outlet is controlled stably from a positive pressure to an appropriate value of a negative pressure. Thereby, an arbitrary helium temperature of less than 4.5K or less can be stably generated at the outlet of the J · T valve. Also, by increasing the helium gas flow rate of the J / T circuit having a plurality of stages of J / T valves, the amount of refrigeration less than 4.5K can be easily increased stably. Also, helium gas collected at a range from positive pressure to negative pressure at the inlet of the intake port and compressed to
・ By performing the operation of supplying to the high-pressure flow path of the T circuit with the same compressor, a compact, lightweight, and simple refrigeration apparatus can be obtained.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The cold generator 1 arranged in the cold generating circuit for pre-cooling is:
For example, it comprises a Gifford McMahon expander.
The high-pressure gas of the helium compressor unit 2 flows into the cold generator 1 and adiabatically expands therein, thereby generating cold at a temperature of about 40K and 15K in the first stage 3 and the second stage 4, respectively. The expanded gas returns to the compressor unit 2 again.

On the other hand, J isolated from a cold generation circuit for pre-cooling
High-pressure helium gas pressurized to about 16 atm by the compressor unit 5 of the T circuit passes through the high-pressure pipe 16a, the first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 7, the first adsorber 8, and the third heat exchanger. After passing through the heat exchanger 9, the fourth heat exchanger 10, the second adsorber 11, and the fifth heat exchanger 12a, the temperature is reduced to about 7K or less, and the first J.
The adiabatic expansion is performed by the T valve 13a to about 8 atm. Next, it passes through the sixth heat exchanger 12b and is cooled to a temperature of about 5K or less.
A part of the gas is liquefied by adiabatic expansion by the valve 13b and accumulated in the liquid helium tank 14 to cool the object to be cooled such as the superconducting magnet 15.

Unliquefied helium gas or liquid helium 14
e flows into the low-pressure pipe 16b, and the sixth heat exchanger 12b, the fifth heat exchanger 12a, the third adsorber 17, and the third heat exchanger 12b.
Heat exchanger 9, fourth adsorber 18, first heat exchanger 6, and fifth heat exchanger
After passing through the adsorber 18a, it becomes almost normal temperature and the low pressure pipe 16b
Return to the compressor unit 5. The inside of the cryostat 19 is vacuum-insulated, and the cryogenic portion is heat shielded by a liquid nitrogen tank 21, a bottom plate 22, and an upper plate 23. Liquid nitrogen 20
Is released to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 24, and liquid nitrogen is periodically replenished in a liquid nitrogen tank 25. Each adsorber removes impurities in the helium gas.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of the compressor unit 5 described above, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a compression chamber of the scroll compressor 26. The compressor unit 5 includes a scroll compressor 26.
And an oil / gas mixed high-pressure fluid cooler 27, an oil separator 28, an oil adsorber 29, and an oil cooler 30. Low pressure piping 16
The low-pressure helium gas b flows into the scroll-type compression chamber 31 in the scroll-type compressor 26 from the low-pressure inlet 32, and is formed while moving between the fixed scroll 26A and the orbiting scroll 26B. , 31
The pressure is gradually increased at c, 31d and 31e. Helium gas becomes high temperature due to the heat of compression.
Part of the high-temperature lubricating oil stored at the bottom of
3, the oil is supplied to the oil cooler 30. The temperature of the oil is cooled to almost normal temperature, and the oil is supplied from the pipe 34 to the medium-pressure compression chamber 31b of the scroll-type compression chamber 31 through the medium-pressure inlet 35. Accordingly, the temperature of the helium gas is cooled to about 350K, further compressed, and discharged from the high-pressure outlet 36 of the scroll-type compression chamber 31 into the scroll-type compressor 26. Thus, the scroll type compression chamber 3
1, the small compression chambers 31 a and 31 are formed while being moved toward the center of the scroll while being isolated.
Since the helium gas is gradually pressurized at b, 31c, 31d, and 31e, there is almost no gas leak between the small compression chambers. Therefore, the helium gas flowing into the small compression chamber 31a at a pressure of 1.0 atm or less can be pressurized, compressed to a high pressure, and discharged. On the other hand, most of the lubricating oil supplied into the medium-pressure compression chamber 31b and exiting from the high-pressure outlet 36 returns to the bottom in the scroll compressor 26, and the other lubricating oil accompanies the high-pressure helium gas, The gas mixture flows into the high-pressure fluid cooler 27. Here, the mixed fluid is cooled and about 99.99% of the oil is separated, and most of the oil is re-supplied to the medium pressure chamber of the scroll type compression chamber 31 via the pipe 34 by the oil return pipe 37. 0.01 remaining
% High-pressure helium gas containing, for example, oil is refined to an oil concentration of about 0.01 ppm through an oil adsorber 29 filled with activated carbon, and supplied to the first heat exchanger 6 through a high-pressure pipe 16a.

The outlet temperature of the second J · T valve 13b is J · T
It is determined by the pressure of the helium gas after expansion by the valve, that is, the liquefaction saturation pressure in the helium tank. On the other hand, the pressure in the helium tank is (1) the helium gas flow rate passing through the second J · T valve,
(2) low pressure piping, low pressure flow passages in the first to sixth heat exchangers, pressure loss due to helium gas flow resistance in the third adsorber, and the fourth adsorber, (3) suction air volume of the scroll compressor,
(4) It is determined by the amount of bypass gas flowing through the pressure regulating valve 16c provided between the high and low pressure pipes. Therefore, by appropriately controlling these four conditions, the pressure in the helium tank can be set to an arbitrary value, that is, the helium temperature after the second J · T valve can be set to an arbitrary value.

Further, since the J / T circuit, particularly the low-pressure pipe, is isolated from the cold generation circuit for pre-cooling, the pressure fluctuation in the cold generator does not affect the pressure at the outlet of the J / T valve. Therefore, the pressure at the outlet of the J · T valve can be stably maintained even at 1.2 atm or less, and a cooling temperature of less than 4.5 K can be stably secured.

Further, in this embodiment, since a vacuum pump is not required, the compression efficiency of helium gas is increased, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved accordingly. In addition, since a vacuum pump is not required, there is no need for piping that can create a negative pressure in the pipe connecting the vacuum pump and the compressor. And the refrigeration performance can be stably supplied for a long period of time. Further, since no vacuum pump is required, there is no oil separator provided at the outlet of the vacuum pump, and the size of the refrigeration system can be reduced.

The pressure in the helium tank is determined by a pressure detector 38,
The temperature is measured by a temperature sensor 39 and a temperature detector 40,
The data is sent to a controller 41 in the compressor unit 5 to adjust the rotation speed of the electric motor 42 of the scroll compressor 26 and the opening degree of the J / T valves 13a and 13b so that a predetermined pressure and temperature are obtained. By this control, the pressure at the inlet and the outlet of the J · T valve 13b can be adjusted to a predetermined pressure, and thus, a high-efficiency refrigeration performance can be stably provided at a cooling temperature of less than 4.5K. This is achieved by applying a scroll type compressor having a multistage, continuous small compression chamber in each of the compression chambers and a compression ratio of 10 or more to the helium compressor of the J · T circuit. , J / T circuit with a single compressor. By cooling the superconducting magnet 15 to less than 4.5K, especially to 4.2K or less, the amount of heat stored in the superconducting magnet increases, thereby suppressing the occurrence of quenching due to local heat generation and the like, and improving the stability and applying current to the superconducting magnet. Can be increased to increase the generated magnetic field strength.

The amount of refrigeration at the above cooling temperature is
(1) A substance having a large low-temperature heat storage characteristic is used as the cold storage material of the cold generator, (2) the operating frequency of the cold generator is adjusted, (3)
It can be easily increased by increasing the flow rate of the helium gas passing through the J / T valve, and (4) increasing the operating frequency of the scroll compressor to increase the intake / discharge air volume.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the helium gas in the low pressure flow passage of the JT circuit isolated from the cold generation circuit for precooling is recovered at the inlet of the compressor in the range of positive pressure to negative pressure. ,
Since the helium gas pressurized to a high positive pressure by the compressor can be supplied to the high-pressure flow path of the JT circuit, the pressure at the outlet of the J / T valve can be controlled to any value from positive pressure to negative pressure. By this, J
-There is an effect that any helium temperature of 4.5K or less can be stably generated at the T valve outlet.

According to this embodiment, the helium gas in the low pressure passage of the J / T circuit isolated from the pre-cooling cold generation circuit is recovered at the inlet of the compressor in the range of positive pressure to negative pressure. However, the operating pressure condition of the pre-cooling cold generation circuit does not change and a predetermined amount of cold can be stably supplied. Therefore, the pre-cooling section of the J · T circuit can be stably cooled, so that there is an effect that any helium temperature of 4.5 K or less can be stably generated at the J · T valve outlet.

Also, by increasing the helium gas flow rate in the J · T circuit, the amount of refrigeration less than 4.5K generated by isenthalpy expansion by the J · T valve can be easily increased. This has the effect of reducing the compressor input power per unit refrigeration amount.

Further, by performing the operation of supplying helium gas to the high-pressure flow path of the J / T circuit by the same compressor, there is an effect that a compact, lightweight, simple and highly reliable refrigerating apparatus can be obtained.

In this embodiment, GM is used for the cold generator.
Although an example in which a cycle expander is applied has been described, the same effect can be obtained in a refrigeration cycle or a Brayton cycle in which a Solvay cycle, a Stirling cycle, a Billmeyer cycle, a turbine type, or a Claude type expander is applied.

Further, in this embodiment, an example in which a scroll compressor is applied to the compressor has been described. However, the same effect can be obtained by applying a screw compressor.

In this embodiment, the case where the superconducting magnet is used as the object to be cooled has been described. However, various electronic devices such as a Josephson element and various sensors, and a cryopanel having a high vacuum and a high pumping speed can be used as the object to be cooled. Even so, there is an effect that the reduction in the temperature of the object to be cooled increases the SN ratio and increases the exhaust speed.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 shows a configuration of a compressor unit using a scroll compressor in which two compression chambers 31 are arranged in parallel in the same pressure vessel. According to the present embodiment, the amount of intake / discharge air can be increased by a plurality of single-stage scroll compressors, so that a larger amount of exhaust helium gas in the low-pressure flow path of the J · T circuit is positively pressured at the inlet of the compressor. Helium gas can be supplied to the high-pressure flow path of the JT circuit, and the pressure at the outlet of the JT valve can be any value from positive pressure to negative pressure. Thus, there is an effect that a wide range of arbitrary helium temperatures of 4.5 K or less can be generated at the outlet of the JT valve. Also,
Since the helium gas flow rate of the J · T circuit can be doubled, the amount of refrigeration of 4.5K or less can be easily increased. In addition, the oil separation system can be integrated into one, so that the weight can be reduced. In addition, the lubricating oil removal and injection system for gas cooling can be integrated into one, so that the weight is reduced and two compressors are simultaneously cooled. The operation of injecting oil is simplified. This is because the oil levels of the two compressors are always constant. In addition, the operation of recovering the helium gas compressed at a negative pressure at the inlet of the intake port and supplying the helium gas compressed to the positive pressure to the high-pressure flow path of the J / T circuit is performed in the same compressor, so that a compact, lightweight, and simple refrigeration system is provided. The effect is as follows.

FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which the outlet of the J / T valve and the low-pressure pipe are connected via the condenser 38 in the J / T circuit. According to this embodiment, the J · T circuit and the inside of the liquid helium tank can be isolated. Therefore, even if the pressure in the liquid helium tank fluctuates due to the fluctuation of the heat load in the liquid helium tank, the J · T circuit can be isolated.
The flow rate of the circuit and the pressure of the low-pressure pipe do not fluctuate, so that the cooling temperature of the condenser 38 is stabilized.

FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in FIG.
A case is shown in which a low-pressure pipe 16b passing through a is connected to a suction pipe 16c of the compressor unit 5 by a low-pressure pipe 16d via a joint 39. A container 40 of an atmosphere isolating jig is provided around the joint 39 to isolate the container from the atmosphere, and the container 40 and the high-pressure pipe 16a are connected by a pipe 16e. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent air as an impurity from flowing into the J / T circuit from the joint 39 into the low-pressure pipe under negative pressure, and to prevent troubles in the refrigeration system due to blockage of the J / T valve.

[0032]

According to the present invention, a plurality of stages of J / T valves separated from a cold generation circuit for pre-cooling are provided, and the pressure at the outlet of the last stage J / T valve is changed from positive pressure to negative pressure. Since it can be controlled to an arbitrary value, an arbitrary helium temperature of 4.5 K or less can be generated at the outlet of the J / T valve, and the cooling temperature of the object to be cooled can be efficiently cooled to an arbitrary temperature of 4.5 K or less. There is.
Further, by controlling the operating pressure of the J / T valve of the J / T circuit to an optimum value and increasing the helium gas flow rate, the refrigerating amount of 4.5K or less can be easily increased. In addition, by recovering the helium gas compressed to a positive pressure at the inlet of the inlet and supplying it to the high-pressure flow path of the J / T circuit using the same compressor, this device is compact and lightweight and simple. In addition, there is an effect that a highly reliable refrigeration apparatus can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of a refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a compressor unit for a J / T circuit in FIG.

3 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of a compression chamber of an example of a compressor unit for a J / T circuit in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining another example of the configuration of the compressor unit for the J / T circuit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows J · T in another embodiment of the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention.
The figure explaining the structure around a valve.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a piping joint configuration of a compressor unit in a further embodiment of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Expander, 5. Compressor unit, 6, 7, 9, 1
0, 12 heat exchanger, 13a, 13b JT valve, 1
4a ... liquid helium, 15 ... superconducting magnet

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-278146 (JP, A) JP-A-2-183788 (JP, A) JP-A-5-180558 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F25B 9/00 F25B 9/00 395 F25B 9/02

Claims (14)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat exchanger including a series of high-pressure pipes and low-pressure pipes separated from a cold generating means for pre-cooling, a multi-stage expansion valve provided at a cryogenic portion of the high-pressure pipe, and a final-stage expansion valve. And the low-temperature section of the low-pressure pipe communicate with each other, and a cooling section for cooling the object is provided between the outlet of the expansion valve and the low-temperature section of the low-pressure pipe, and the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe are connected to a normal-temperature section. in said compression means for communicating via the compression means refrigeration system is multistage compression chamber in the compression means, and each had a small compression chamber of the continuous isolated on a feature that the compression means <br Refrigeration equipment. 2. A heat exchanger containing a high pressure pipe and a low pressure pipe, a multistage expansion valve provided in a cryogenic part of the high pressure pipe, and an outlet of the last stage expansion valve is set to a negative pressure. A low-temperature portion of the pipe communicates, and a cooling unit for cooling the object to be cooled is provided between the outlet of the expansion valve and the low-temperature portion of the low-pressure pipe, and the high-pressure pipe and the low-pressure pipe communicate with each other at normal temperature via compression means. the compression means of the refrigeration system is multistage compression chamber in the compression means, and that, refrigerating apparatus, characterized in that each had a small compression chamber of the continuous isolated on a compression means. 3. A heat exchanger including a series of high-pressure pipes and low-pressure pipes separated from a cold-generation means for pre-cooling, and a multi-stage expansion valve provided at a cryogenic portion of the high-pressure pipe, and a final-stage expansion valve. The outlet of the low pressure piping of the low pressure pipe communicates with the outlet of the low pressure pipe, and a cooling unit for cooling the body between the outlet of the expansion valve and the low temperature section of the low pressure pipe is provided. The compression means of the refrigeration system in which the low-pressure pipe communicates with the normal-temperature part via the compression means, wherein the compression means is a compression means having multiple stages in the compression chamber within the compression means, and having separate and continuous small compression chambers. refrigeration apparatus according to claim. 4. A heat exchanger incorporating a series of high-pressure pipes and low-pressure pipes separated from a cold-generation means for pre-cooling, and a multi-stage expansion valve provided at a cryogenic portion of the high-pressure pipe, wherein the final-stage expansion valve is provided. The outlet of the low pressure piping of the low pressure pipe communicates with the outlet of the low pressure pipe, and a cooling unit for cooling the body between the outlet of the expansion valve and the low temperature section of the low pressure pipe is provided. The compression means of the refrigerating apparatus in which the low-pressure pipe communicates via the compression means at room temperature is a multistage, and each of the compression means in the compression means has an isolated and continuous small compression chamber. refrigeration apparatus <br/> and adjusts a range of negative pressure of pressure from the positive pressure. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein
Refrigeration system, characterized in that a compressing means into a plurality number series. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
Refrigeration system which is a Le compressor - compression means is sucrose. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein
Refrigeration system, wherein the compression means is a screw-type compressor. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein
Refrigeration system, wherein the compression means is a compression means of oil-lubricated. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein
Compression means multistage compression chamber in the compression means, and each had a small compression chamber of the continuous isolated on refrigeration system which is a compression means 1 aircraft. 10. The compression means according to claim 1, wherein the compression means has a multi-stage structure in a compression chamber of the compression means.
Each had a small compression chamber is isolated continuous refrigeration system which is a compression means of a plurality machine in one step. 11. The compression means according to claim 1, wherein the compression means has a multistage structure in a compression chamber of the compression means.
Each had a small compression chamber of the continuous isolated on refrigeration apparatus <br/> characterized in that the compression means having a built more machines into a single pressure vessel. 12. The refrigerant container according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least the processing air volume of the compression means or the air volume passing through the expansion valve and the bypass air volume between the high and low pressure flow paths are adjusted. It features and to <br/> Ru refrigeration system to control the temperature or pressure. 13. The any one of claims 1 to 4, refrigeration refrigeration apparatus the connection of the low-pressure pipe cold section and characterized by including isolation means for preventing contact with the atmosphere. 14. The any one of claims 1 to 4, the refrigeration apparatus characterized in that a low-pressure pipe of the room temperature portion in the high-pressure pipe.