JP2863998B2 - Grain fumigation method - Google Patents
Grain fumigation methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2863998B2 JP2863998B2 JP29258695A JP29258695A JP2863998B2 JP 2863998 B2 JP2863998 B2 JP 2863998B2 JP 29258695 A JP29258695 A JP 29258695A JP 29258695 A JP29258695 A JP 29258695A JP 2863998 B2 JP2863998 B2 JP 2863998B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- ozone
- carbon dioxide
- concentration
- silo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する分野】本発明は、穀物に発生するコクゾ
ウ虫等の害虫を燻蒸処理する方法に関し、特に、炭酸ガ
スによる燻蒸処理方法の改良に関する。The present invention relates to a method for fumigation treatment of pests such as black elephant insects generated on cereals, and more particularly to an improvement in a method for fumigation treatment with carbon dioxide gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、穀物の害虫処理方法として、臭化
メチルや有機リン系農薬を用いた処理が知られている。
臭化メチルは、毒性が強く、食品への浸透力が優れてい
ることから、全世界で使用されている。そして、この臭
化メチルは３ｐｐｍの濃度で殺虫効果があり、処理室内
で穀物に直接噴射するだけでよく作業が簡単であり、処
理日数も大量処理の場合でも３日間ぐらいである。しか
し、この臭化メチルは地球のオゾン層破壊の原因となる
ガスの一つとして、その使用規制が行われている。一
方、有機リン系農薬は、残留濃度が高く、人体に悪影響
がでるという問題があった。そこで近年、これら臭化メ
チルや有機リン系農薬に変わるものとして、炭酸ガスを
使用するものが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for treating pests of cereals, treatment using methyl bromide or an organophosphorus pesticide is known.
Methyl bromide is used worldwide because of its high toxicity and excellent penetration into foods. This methyl bromide has a pesticidal effect at a concentration of 3 ppm, is simple to spray directly on cereals in a processing chamber, and the operation is simple, and the number of processing days is about three days even in the case of large-scale processing. However, the use of methyl bromide is regulated as one of the gases that cause ozone depletion on the earth. On the other hand, organophosphorus pesticides have a problem that the residual concentration is high and the human body is adversely affected. Therefore, in recent years, those using carbon dioxide gas have been proposed as alternatives to these methyl bromide and organophosphorus pesticides.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この炭酸ガスを使用す
る殺虫方法は、密閉された処理室に穀物を収容し、そこ
に炭酸ガスを封入する方法が採用されているが、炭酸ガ
スは殺虫能力が弱いことから４０〜５０％以上の濃度が
必要なうえ、処理日数が１週間から１０日間もかかり、
その間ガス濃度の維持や漏れを観測するために常時人手
を用意しなければならず、コスト高になるという問題が
あった。また、炭酸ガスを処理室内に高圧封入すること
により短時間に処理する方法も提案されているが、この
場合には、２５気圧もの超高圧が必要であることから、
処理設備自体が高価であり実用的でない。本発明は、こ
のような点に鑑み提案されたもので、炭酸ガスによる害
虫処理方法での処理期間を短縮することのできる穀物の
燻蒸処理方法を提供することを目的とする。In this insecticidal method using carbon dioxide gas, a method is employed in which grains are accommodated in a closed processing chamber and carbon dioxide gas is sealed therein. Is weak and requires a concentration of 40-50% or more, and it takes one week to 10 days to process.
In the meantime, it is necessary to always prepare manual labor for maintaining the gas concentration and observing the leak, and there has been a problem that the cost is increased. In addition, a method of treating carbon dioxide gas in a short time by filling it with a high pressure in a processing chamber has been proposed. In this case, since an ultra-high pressure of 25 atm is required,
The processing equipment itself is expensive and impractical. The present invention has been proposed in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for fumigation treatment of cereals which can shorten the treatment period in the method for treating pests with carbon dioxide.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明は、燻蒸処理室に供給するガスとして炭酸
ガスにオゾンガスをオゾン濃度が１５０〜３００ｐｐｍ
となる状態に混合させてなる混合ガスを使用し、当初の
数時間は処理室内のオゾン濃度を１５０〜３００ｐｐｍ
に維持し、その後数日間密閉した状態で放置するように
したことを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for supplying ozone gas to carbon dioxide gas having a concentration of 150 to 300 ppm as a gas to be supplied to a fumigation processing chamber.
Using a mixed gas that is mixed to a state where the ozone concentration in the processing chamber is 150 to 300 ppm for the first few hours.
, And then left closed for several days.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】本発明では、炭酸ガスとオゾンガスの混合ガス
を作用させているので、炭酸ガスの穀物及び害虫への浸
透力により、炭酸ガスとともにオゾンガスも穀物及び害
虫に浸透することになる。この結果、炭酸ガスとオゾン
ガスの殺虫力が効果的に作用し、臭化メチルによる燻蒸
期間と同程度の期間で処理することができる。In the present invention, since a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and ozone is allowed to act, ozone gas as well as carbon dioxide permeates the grains and pests due to the penetrating power of the carbon dioxide to the grains and pests. As a result, the insecticidal power of the carbon dioxide gas and the ozone gas effectively acts, and the treatment can be performed in the same period as the fumigation period using methyl bromide.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】図面は本発明方法の実験装置を示
す概略構成図であり、図中符号(１)は被処理穀物として
の玄米を収容するサイロ、(２)はオゾン発生装置、(３)
はオゾン生成原料としての酸素の貯蔵容器、(４)は炭酸
ガスの貯蔵容器、(５)は炭酸ガス希釈用の窒素ガスの貯
蔵容器であり、酸素貯蔵容器(３)とオゾン発生装置(２)
とは酸素供給路(６)で連通接続されており、オゾン発生
装置(２)とサイロ(１)とは処理ガス供給路(７)で連通さ
せてある。そして、この処理ガス供給路(７)に炭酸ガス
貯蔵容器(４)からの炭酸ガス供給路(８)と、窒素ガス貯
蔵容器(５)からの窒素ガス供給路(９)とが接続してあ
る。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing an experimental apparatus of the method of the present invention, wherein reference numeral (1) denotes a silo for accommodating brown rice as a grain to be treated, (2) an ozone generator, 3)
Is a storage container for oxygen as an ozone generating raw material, (4) is a storage container for carbon dioxide gas, (5) is a storage container for nitrogen gas for diluting carbon dioxide gas, and has an oxygen storage container (3) and an ozone generator (2). )
Are connected by an oxygen supply path (6), and the ozone generator (2) and the silo (1) are connected by a processing gas supply path (7). The processing gas supply path (7) is connected with a carbon dioxide gas supply path (8) from the carbon dioxide gas storage vessel (4) and a nitrogen gas supply path (9) from the nitrogen gas storage vessel (5). is there.
【０００７】酸素供給路(６)、炭酸ガス供給路(８)、窒
素ガス供給路(９)には、それぞれ流量調整弁(10)と流量
計(11)とが配置してあり、混合比率を調整可能に構成し
てある。また、サイロ(１)には入口弁(12)と出口弁(13)
とが設けてあり、サイロ(１)を密封できるように構成し
てある。なお、入口弁(12)はサイロ(１)の下部に、出口
弁(13)はサイロ(１)の上部にそれぞれ設けてあり、処理
ガスはサイロ(１)の下部に供給され、サイロ(１)の上部
から排出されるようになっている。図中符号(14)はオゾ
ン濃度を測定する濃度計、(15)は外部に排出する混合ガ
ス中のオゾンを分解処理するオゾンキラーである。ま
た、サイロ(１)から導出されている処理ガス排出路(16)
から処理ガス返還路(17)が分岐導出してあり、この処理
ガス返還路(17)はサイロ(１)への処理ガス供給路(７)に
接続されていて、サイロ(１)から排出された処理ガスを
リサイクルするようにしてある。A flow regulating valve (10) and a flow meter (11) are arranged in the oxygen supply passage (6), the carbon dioxide supply passage (8), and the nitrogen gas supply passage (9), respectively. Is configured to be adjustable. The silo (1) has an inlet valve (12) and an outlet valve (13)
Are provided so as to seal the silo (1). The inlet valve (12) is provided at the lower part of the silo (1), and the outlet valve (13) is provided at the upper part of the silo (1). The processing gas is supplied to the lower part of the silo (1). ) Is discharged from the upper part. In the figure, reference numeral (14) denotes a densitometer for measuring the ozone concentration, and (15) denotes an ozone killer for decomposing ozone in a mixed gas discharged to the outside. In addition, the processing gas discharge channel (16) derived from the silo (1)
A processing gas return path (17) is branched and led out of the processing gas supply path (7) to the silo (1), and the processing gas return path (17) is discharged from the silo (1). Waste gas is recycled.
【０００８】このような実験設備を使用して、コクゾウ
虫の成虫を混入した玄米１００Kgを内容積２００リット
ルのサイロ(１)内に収容し、この玄米を収容したサイロ
に供給する処理ガスとして、純炭酸ガス、炭酸ガスを窒
素ガスで炭酸ガス濃度６０ vol％に希釈したもの、純窒
素ガスをベースとし、そのベースガスにオゾンガスを添
加しないもの、ベースガスにオゾンガスを１００ｐｐ
ｍ、１５０ｐｐｍ、２００ｐｐｍ、３００ｐｐｍとなる
ように添加したものを使用して、この処理ガスを１０リ
ットル／min でサイロ(１)内に供給してサイロ(１)内の
ガスを処理ガスに置換し、その後、サイロ(１)内でのオ
ゾン濃度を供給処理ガスの濃度を維持した状態で７時間
供給させた、その後サイロ(１)内をゲージ圧力１Kg／cm
2 でサイロ(１)を密封して２日間放置したのち、コクゾ
ウ虫の生存を確認した。ここで、処理時間を７時間とし
たのは作業者の労働時間を勘案したものであり、放置期
間を２日間としたのは、臭化メチルでの処理期間にトー
タル日数を合わせるためである。Using such experimental equipment, 100 kg of brown rice mixed with adult black elephants is stored in a silo (1) having an internal volume of 200 liters, and the processing gas supplied to the silo containing the brown rice is Pure carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide diluted with nitrogen gas to a carbon dioxide concentration of 60 vol%, pure nitrogen gas as a base, no ozone gas added to the base gas, and 100 pp ozone gas as the base gas
m, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm, and the processing gas was supplied into the silo (1) at 10 liter / min to replace the gas in the silo (1) with the processing gas. Then, the ozone concentration in the silo (1) was supplied for 7 hours while maintaining the concentration of the supply processing gas. Thereafter, the gauge pressure was 1 kg / cm in the silo (1).
After sealing the silo (1) in 2 and leaving it to stand for 2 days, the survival of the silkworm was confirmed. Here, the treatment time was set to 7 hours in consideration of the working hours of the worker, and the leaving period was set to 2 days in order to match the total number of days to the treatment period with methyl bromide.
【０００９】成虫に対する結果は、表１に示す通りであ
る。なお、表中○は害虫駆除効果が明確に確認できたも
の、△は害虫駆除効果を明確には確認できなかったも
の、×は害虫駆除効果がなかったものを示している。The results for adults are shown in Table 1. In the table, ○ indicates that the pest control effect was clearly confirmed, Δ indicates that the pest control effect was not clearly confirmed, and X indicates that the pest control effect was absent.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１０】蛹に対する結果は、表２に示す通りであ
る。評価は成虫に対するものと同様に行った。The results for pupae are shown in Table 2. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as that for adults.
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１１】幼虫に対する結果は、表３に示す通りであ
る。評価は成虫に対するものと同様に行った。The results for the larvae are shown in Table 3. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as that for adults.
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１２】卵に対する結果は、表４に示す通りであ
る。評価は成虫に対するものと同様に行った。The results for eggs are shown in Table 4. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as that for adults.
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００１３】以上の結果から、成虫や蛹に対しては炭酸
ガスだけでも駆除効果を期待できるが、幼虫や卵に対し
ては炭酸ガスだけでは駆除効果は期待できない。しか
し、炭酸ガスにオゾンガスを混入することにより、成虫
や蛹は勿論、幼虫や卵に対しても効果がある。また、オ
ゾン濃度が１５０ｐｐｍを下回った場合には幼虫や卵に
対する効果が見られなかった。一方オゾン濃度を３００
ｐｐｍを越える濃度にした場合には、ガスのコストアッ
プや玄米の酸化劣化という問題が生じる。なお、対比の
為に、コクゾウ虫の成虫を混入させて５日間放置した後
に成虫を除去した玄米を未処理の状態で貯蔵したもので
は、コクゾウ虫混入から４６日目に成虫が確認できた。From the above results, an extermination effect can be expected with respect to adults and pupae only by carbon dioxide gas, but an extermination effect cannot be expected with respect to larvae and eggs only by carbon dioxide gas. However, mixing ozone gas with carbon dioxide is effective not only for adults and pupae but also for larvae and eggs. When the ozone concentration was lower than 150 ppm, no effect on larvae and eggs was observed. On the other hand, when the ozone concentration is 300
When the concentration exceeds ppm, problems such as an increase in gas cost and oxidative deterioration of brown rice occur. For comparison, in the case where brown rice from which adult adults were mixed and left to stand for 5 days and the adult was removed was stored in an untreated state, adults could be confirmed on the 46th day from the contamination with the adult insects.
【００１４】上記実験装置では、オゾン発生器をにより
生成したオゾンガスを使用したが、オゾンガス貯蔵容器
からのオゾンガスを使用するようにしてもよい。In the above experimental apparatus, the ozone gas generated by the ozone generator was used, but the ozone gas from the ozone gas storage container may be used.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】本発明では、穀物の燻蒸処理にオゾンガ
ス濃度が１５０〜３００ｐｐｍとなる状態で炭酸ガスに
オゾンガスを混入したガスを使用するようにしているの
で、従来多用されていた臭化メチルと同程度の処理期間
で穀物の燻蒸処理を行うことができる。しかも、残留汚
染やオゾン層破壊といった不都合も生じることがないう
え、作業者に対する負荷も少なくなり、更に、設備自体
も簡単な構成で行うことができる。According to the present invention, a gas obtained by mixing ozone gas with carbon dioxide gas in a state where the ozone gas concentration is 150 to 300 ppm is used for the fumigation treatment of cereals. It is possible to carry out the fumigation treatment of cereals in the same treatment period. In addition, inconveniences such as residual pollution and ozone layer destruction do not occur, the load on the operator is reduced, and the equipment itself can be operated with a simple configuration.
【図１】本発明方法の実験装置を示す概略回路図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram showing an experimental apparatus of the method of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭54−80884（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−216147（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−168445（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特許2540441（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 平４−30831（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) A01M 17/00──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-80884 (JP, A) JP-A-3-216147 (JP, A) JP-A-5-168445 (JP, A) Patent 2540441 (JP, A B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-30831 (JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) A01M 17/00
Claims (1)
にあたり、燻蒸処理室に供給する燻蒸処理用ガスとして
６０ vol％以上の高濃度炭酸ガスにオゾンガスを１５０
〜３００ｐｐｍのオゾン濃度となるように混合させたも
のを使用し、燻蒸処理用ガスで気密処理室を置換した
後、燻蒸処理用ガスを気密処理室に室内のオゾンガス濃
度を１５０〜３００ｐｐｍに維持した状態で一定時間流
通させ、一定時間経過後に気密処理室を密封し、この密
封状態を維持した状態で所定期間放置し、所定期間経過
後気密処理室内を大気で置換させるようにしたことを特
徴とする穀物の燻蒸処理方法。1. In fumigating a grain using carbon dioxide gas, a high-concentration carbon dioxide gas of 60 vol% or more and an ozone gas of 150 vol.
After replacing the airtight treatment chamber with the fumigation gas using a mixture mixed to have an ozone concentration of ~ 300 ppm, the ozone gas concentration in the room was maintained at 150 to 300 ppm with the fumigation gas in the airtight treatment chamber. The air-tight processing chamber is sealed after a certain time, the air-tight processing chamber is sealed after the certain time, and the air-tight processing chamber is replaced with the atmosphere after the predetermined time has elapsed. Fumigation treatment method for grain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29258695A JP2863998B2 (en) | 1995-11-10 | 1995-11-10 | Grain fumigation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29258695A JP2863998B2 (en) | 1995-11-10 | 1995-11-10 | Grain fumigation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09131155A JPH09131155A (en) | 1997-05-20 |
| JP2863998B2 true JP2863998B2 (en) | 1999-03-03 |
Family
ID=17783697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29258695A Expired - Fee Related JP2863998B2 (en) | 1995-11-10 | 1995-11-10 | Grain fumigation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2863998B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG144010A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-07-29 | Othree Singapore Pte Ltd | Processing system and method |
| CN102527189B (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2014-04-30 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Method and system for utilizing smoke of biomass power plant to prevent and treat pests in airtight space |
-
1995
- 1995-11-10 JP JP29258695A patent/JP2863998B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09131155A (en) | 1997-05-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |