JP2851642B2 - Absorbent articles - Google Patents
Absorbent articlesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2851642B2 JP2851642B2 JP1184944A JP18494489A JP2851642B2 JP 2851642 B2 JP2851642 B2 JP 2851642B2 JP 1184944 A JP1184944 A JP 1184944A JP 18494489 A JP18494489 A JP 18494489A JP 2851642 B2 JP2851642 B2 JP 2851642B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- fiber
- fibers
- strength
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 165
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 136
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 urine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000692870 Inachis io Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005822 acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000741 diarrhetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003821 menstrual periods Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、使い捨て可能な吸収性物品、特に生理用ナ
プキン、産褥用ナプキン、紙おむつ、化粧綿等の吸収性
物品に関するものである。更に詳しくは、体液、特に、
高粘性の月経液、下痢便等の高粘性体液、あるいは化粧
用洗顔クリーム等の高粘性液体の吸収性に優れ、かつ、
皮膚に対する感触に優れた不織布を用いた使い捨て可能
な吸収性物品に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a disposable absorbent article, and more particularly to an absorbent article such as a sanitary napkin, a puerperal napkin, a disposable diaper, and a cotton swab. More specifically, body fluids, in particular,
Excellent absorption of highly viscous body fluids such as menstrual fluid, diarrhea stool, or highly viscous liquids such as cosmetic facial cleansers, and
The present invention relates to a disposable absorbent article using a nonwoven fabric having an excellent touch to the skin.
従来の吸収性物品、例えば生理用ナプキン、紙おむつ
あるいは化粧綿は、一般に綿状パルプ、吸収紙等からな
る吸収層、必要であればその下面に側面に配される防漏
層、そして表面に載置される不織布からなる。Conventional absorbent articles, such as sanitary napkins, disposable diapers or cosmetic cotton, generally include an absorbent layer made of cotton-like pulp, absorbent paper, etc., a leak-proof layer disposed on the lower surface if necessary, and a surface-mounted absorbent layer. It consists of a nonwoven fabric to be placed.
このような吸収性物品の表面層を形成する不織布に
は、種々の性能が要求されるが、特に、通常の血液、尿
のような低粘性液体から、月経時に排出される経血ある
いは下痢便、化粧用洗顔クリームのように固形分が分散
している高粘性液体に至るまで幅広い性状をもつ液体に
対して、表面における液の流動（液流れと称する）を抑
えること、肌への感触が良いこと、吸収層に対する被覆
性（適度な強度、毛羽立たな、遮蔽性）が良いことが最
も望まれる性能である。Various properties are required for the nonwoven fabric forming the surface layer of such an absorbent article. In particular, menstrual blood or diarrheal stool discharged from a low-viscosity liquid such as ordinary blood or urine during the menstrual period. In contrast to liquids with a wide range of properties, such as high-viscosity liquids in which solids are dispersed, such as facial cleansers for cosmetics, it suppresses the flow of liquids on the surface (called liquid flow). It is the most desired performance to have good properties and good covering properties (moderate strength, fluffy, shielding properties) for the absorbing layer.
近年、合成繊維系の乾式不織布の急速な普及と技術の
向上によって、通常の血液や尿あるいは化粧水のような
低粘性の液体に対しては、これらの要求性能をかなり満
足していると考えられる。In recent years, with the rapid spread of synthetic fiber-based dry non-woven fabric and the improvement of technology, it is considered that these properties are quite satisfactory for ordinary low-viscosity liquids such as blood, urine, and lotion. Can be
ところで、実際の月経においては子宮内粘膜、悪露等
を含む粘性の高い月経が排出される場合が多く、また、
排泄においても下痢便等の高粘性の液体が排出される場
合がある。さらに、化粧においても洗顔クリームのよう
に高粘性の分散系を処理することをしばしば必要とす
る。By the way, in the actual menstruation, the intrauterine mucous membrane, highly viscous menstruation including bad dew etc. are often excreted,
In excretion, a highly viscous liquid such as diarrhea stool may be discharged. In addition, it is often necessary in cosmetics to treat highly viscous dispersions like facial cleansers.
このような高粘性液体に対する吸収機能を設計した不
織布はまだ十分に研究されていない。これまでになされ
た報告では、不織布の繊維間距離を大きくしたり（特開
昭62−181041号公報）、巨視的な孔を表面材に設置する
（特開昭62−125001号公報、特開昭62−125061号公報）
という考え方が代表的であった。しかしながら、これら
の表面材はあまりに吸収機能に重点を置きすぎた設計に
なっているために、表面材としてのより基本的な要件で
ある。肌に接触したときの感触、吸収層に対する被覆性
（適度な強度、毛羽立たない、遮蔽性）の点では改善し
なければならない点が多いため、まだまだ、実用的な水
準に達しているとはいえない。Nonwoven fabrics designed to absorb such high-viscosity liquids have not been sufficiently studied. According to reports made so far, the inter-fiber distance of the nonwoven fabric is increased (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-181104), and macroscopic holes are provided in the surface material (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-125001, (JP-A-62-125061)
The idea was typical. However, these facings are a more fundamental requirement for the facing because they are so designed that they place too much emphasis on the absorption function. There are many points that need to be improved in terms of the feel when touching the skin and the covering properties of the absorbent layer (moderate strength, lint-free, shielding properties), so it is still at a practical level Absent.
すなわち従来の不織布製造技術では、高粘性液体に対
する吸収性能と実用上適性な強力・風合いとを同時に満
足させることは非常に困難であった。That is, it is very difficult with the conventional nonwoven fabric manufacturing technology to simultaneously satisfy the absorption performance for a highly viscous liquid and the practically appropriate strength and texture.
従って、本発明は従来技術の欠点を有さず、以下の
及びに示す条件を満足させる不織布を得ることを目的
としたものである。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to obtain a nonwoven fabric which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and satisfies the following conditions.
少なくとも繊維ウェブの状態で繊維同志の絡み合い
が緩く、高粘性液体を通過させるに足る十分な繊維間距
離を持つこと。At least in the state of the fibrous web, the fibers are not entangled with each other, and have a sufficient inter-fiber distance enough to pass a highly viscous liquid.
繊維ウェブの形態（絡み合いが緩く、繊維間距離が
大きい）をできる限り維持しつつ、適正な強力・風合い
を与える繊維同志の固定を実現すること。Achieve the fixation of fibers giving appropriate strength and texture while maintaining the fibrous web form (loose entanglement, large inter-fiber distance) as much as possible.
さらに従来の不織布の上記条件に対する問題点を明確
にするために不織布を構造上３つに分類し、技術的背景
とともに以下に詳述する。Furthermore, in order to clarify the problem of the conventional nonwoven fabric with respect to the above conditions, the nonwoven fabric is classified into three structurally, and will be described in detail below with a technical background.
A. 繊維ステープル同志の絡合（絡み合い）による不織
布（絡合不織布）： カードにより形成された繊維ウェブを高速流体（水、
空気等）または針によりニードリングして得ることがで
きる。ニードリング方式に対応して、「ウォータジェッ
ト不織布」，「ニードルパンチ不織布」等と呼ばれる。A. Non-woven fabric (entangled non-woven fabric) by entanglement (entanglement) of fiber staples: The fiber web formed by the card is converted into a high-speed fluid (water,
Air, etc.) or needling with a needle. Corresponding to the needling method, it is called "water jet nonwoven fabric", "needle punched nonwoven fabric" or the like.
B. 繊維同志が組成樹脂の熱溶融により接着している不
織布（熱接着不織布）： これはさらに次のように分類される。B. Non-woven fabric in which fibers are bonded together by thermal melting of a resin composition (heat-bonded non-woven fabric): This is further classified as follows.
Ｂ−1. 捲縮をほとんど有さない繊維フィラメントが熱
接着していて、接着領域が巨視的に不連続に分布してい
る型。繊維を紡糸しながら積層してウェブを形成し、ピ
ンポイントヒートエンボス繊維同志を融着固定すること
により得ることができる。一般に、「スパンボンド不織
布」と呼ばれる。B-1. A type in which fiber filaments having almost no crimp are thermally bonded, and the bonded region is macroscopically discontinuously distributed. It can be obtained by laminating fibers while spinning them to form a web, and fusing and fixing the pinpoint heat-embossed fibers together. Generally, it is called "spunbond nonwoven fabric".
Ｂ−2. 繊維ステープル同志の接着溶融程度が大きく、
接着点が緊密かつ不規則に分布している型。繊維の融点
より高い温度のヒートローラーでカードにより形成され
た繊維ウェブを圧縮し、繊維同志を接着させることで得
ることができる。一般に「ヒートロール接着不織布」と
呼ばれる。B-2. The degree of adhesion and fusion between fiber staples is large,
A type in which adhesion points are tightly and irregularly distributed. It can be obtained by compressing a fibrous web formed by a card with a heat roller at a temperature higher than the melting point of the fibers and bonding the fibers together. It is generally called "heat roll bonded nonwoven fabric".
Ｂ−3. 繊維ステープル同志の接触点だけが溶融接着し
ていて、接着点密度が小さくかつ不規則に分布している
型。繊維の融点より高い温度の熱風をカードで形成され
た繊維ウェブに貫通し、繊維同志を接着させることで得
られる。一般に、「サクションヒートボンド不織布」と
呼ばれる。B-3. A type in which only the contact points of the fiber staples are melt-bonded, and the bonding point density is small and irregularly distributed. It is obtained by penetrating hot air having a temperature higher than the melting point of the fibers through the fiber web formed by the card and bonding the fibers together. Generally, it is called "suction heat bond nonwoven fabric".
C. 繊維ステープル同志がケミカルバインダにより接着
していて、接着点が緊密かつ不規則であるか、規則的に
不連続に分布している不織布： カードにより形成された繊維ウェブをバインダ溶液に
浸漬するか、ロールコーターでバインダを塗工すること
により得ることができる。一般に、「バインダ型不織
布」と呼ばれる。C. Non-woven fabric in which fiber staples are bonded by a chemical binder and the bonding points are tight and irregular, or are regularly discontinuous: a fiber web formed by a card is immersed in a binder solution Alternatively, it can be obtained by applying a binder with a roll coater. Generally, it is called “binder type nonwoven fabric”.
次に、以上の不織布についての問題点を検討する。 Next, the problems of the above nonwoven fabric will be examined.
スパンボンド不織布は条件に対して、本質的に非常
に小さな繊維間距離しか達成できない。Spunbond nonwovens can inherently achieve only very small interfiber distances for the conditions.
スパンボンド不織布では繊維の捲縮がほとんどなく、
フィラメントが積層しているために、繊維同志が立体的
に絡み合うことができず、繊維ウェブの嵩を出すことが
できないからである。さらに、繊維同志の接着点が巨視
的に不連続に分布するため、毛羽が立ちやすく、毛羽が
立たない程度に接着点の密度を高くすると、不織布全体
が硬くなる。この型の不織布では繊維間距離は40μ程度
が限界である。Spunbonded nonwoven fabric has almost no fiber crimp,
This is because, since the filaments are stacked, the fibers cannot be entangled three-dimensionally, and the bulk of the fiber web cannot be increased. Further, since the bonding points of the fibers are macroscopically discontinuously distributed, fluff is likely to be formed, and if the density of the bonding points is increased to such an extent that the fluff is not formed, the whole nonwoven fabric becomes hard. In this type of nonwoven fabric, the distance between fibers is limited to about 40 μm.
絡合不織布、ヒートロール接着不織布及びバインダ型
不織布は条件に対して非常に不利である。Entangled nonwovens, heat roll bonded nonwovens and binder type nonwovens are very disadvantageous for the conditions.
絡合不織布では、繊維同志の絡合を緊密にしなければ
不織布に適正な強度を付与することができないため、初
期の繊維ステープルウェブの緩い絡合を維持することが
本質的に困難である。絡合が緊密でも繊維間距離を上げ
るには、繊維の太さ（繊度）を大きくすることが有効だ
が、高繊度化すると絡合不織布の場合、不織布強度が著
しく低下する。また、絡合不織布では、吸収性物品着用
者の運動に伴う不織布表面の摩擦による毛羽抜けが上記
５種類の中では最も大きいことも実用化の困難な要因で
ある。In an entangled nonwoven fabric, it is essentially difficult to maintain a loose entanglement of the initial fiber staple web, since the nonwoven fabric cannot be given proper strength unless the entanglement of the fibers is tight. In order to increase the inter-fiber distance even when the entanglement is tight, it is effective to increase the thickness (fineness) of the fiber. However, when the entanglement is increased, the strength of the nonwoven fabric is significantly reduced. Further, in the case of the entangled nonwoven fabric, the fact that the fuzz loss due to friction of the surface of the nonwoven fabric due to the movement of the wearer of the absorbent article is the largest among the above five types is also a factor that makes practical use difficult.
ヒートロール接着不織布は圧熱下で繊維が溶融接着し
ているため、繊維間距離は繊維ウェブ状態に比べ著しく
低下している。また、熱がヒートローラーから繊維樹脂
を通して伝導するため、接着効率が悪く、不織布表面と
内部で接着の不均一の程度が大きいため、不織布強度と
風合いのバランスをとることが困難である。Since the fibers of the heat roll-bonded nonwoven fabric are melt-bonded under pressure, the distance between the fibers is significantly reduced as compared with the state of the fiber web. Further, since heat is conducted from the heat roller through the fiber resin, the bonding efficiency is poor, and the degree of non-uniformity of bonding between the surface and the inside of the nonwoven fabric is large, so that it is difficult to balance the strength and the hand of the nonwoven fabric.
バインダ型不織布では、バインダが繊維同志の接触点
ばかりでなく、繊維間を埋めるようにして分布するた
め、接着点が極めて緊密になり、結果として繊維間距離
は小さくなる。In the binder-type nonwoven fabric, the binder is distributed so as to fill not only the contact points between the fibers but also between the fibers, so that the bonding points become extremely tight, and as a result, the distance between the fibers becomes small.
以上、絡合不織布、ヒートロール接着不織布及びバイ
ンダ型不織布も現状では繊維間距離を40μ以上にするこ
とは極めて難しく、条件を満足することはできない。As described above, the entangled nonwoven fabric, the heat roll-bonded nonwoven fabric, and the binder-type nonwoven fabric are extremely difficult to make the interfiber distance at least 40 μm at present, and the conditions cannot be satisfied.
これに対しサクションヒートボンド不織布は、条件
、を同時に満たすという点では大いに可能性があ
る。即ち、サクションヒートボンド不織布は一般にカー
ドにより形成される繊維ステープルウェブを使用するの
で原理的に繊維間距離を大きくすることができ、かつ、
熱の伝達が不織布を通過する空気流体によるため繊維固
定の効率が高く、強力と風合いのバランスがとりやす
い。しかし、実際は他の不織布に比べ接着点密度が低い
ので、実用上適正な強力を得ようとすると、繊度を低く
せざるを得ず、結果として繊維間距離を上げることは困
難であった。In contrast, suction heat-bonded nonwoven fabrics have great potential in simultaneously satisfying the conditions. That is, since the suction heat bond nonwoven fabric generally uses a fiber staple web formed by a card, the distance between fibers can be increased in principle, and
Since the transfer of heat is due to the air fluid passing through the nonwoven fabric, the efficiency of fixing the fiber is high, and the balance between the strength and the feel is easy. However, since the bonding point density is actually lower than other nonwoven fabrics, in order to obtain practically appropriate strength, the fineness must be reduced, and as a result, it is difficult to increase the inter-fiber distance.
以上述べたように、従来の不織布材料では高粘性液体
を透過するだけの十分な繊維間距離と実用上適正な強力
と風合いを同時に満たす不織布は存在せず、従って、本
発明の目的とする吸収性物品を得ることができなかっ
た。As described above, in the conventional nonwoven material, there is no nonwoven fabric that simultaneously satisfies a sufficient inter-fiber distance enough to penetrate a highly viscous liquid and a practically appropriate strength and texture. Could not be obtained.
本発明者らは、このような従来の吸収性物品の表面材
として使用される不織布の欠点を改良すべく鋭意研究の
結果、通常の血液や尿など低粘性液体ばかりでなく、高
粘性の経血液、下痢便、化粧用洗顔クリーム等の高粘性
液体の透過性にも優れ、かつ、肌に接触したときの感触
が良く、吸収層に対する被覆性（適度な強度、毛羽立た
ない、遮蔽性）が良好な吸収性物品の表面材を見いだ
し、本発明を完成するに到った。The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to improve the drawbacks of the nonwoven fabric used as a surface material of such conventional absorbent articles. As a result, not only low-viscosity liquids such as ordinary blood and urine but also high-viscosity Excellent permeability to highly viscous liquids such as blood, diarrhea stool, and facial cleansing cream, and good touch when in contact with the skin, and good covering properties for the absorbent layer (moderate strength, lint-free, shielding) A good surface material for an absorbent article was found, and the present invention was completed.
即ち、本発明は、下記（１）及び（２）の条件を全て
満たす不織布を表面材として用いてなることを特徴とす
る吸収性物品を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides an absorbent article characterized by using a nonwoven fabric satisfying all of the following conditions (1) and (2) as a surface material.
（１） 平均繊維間距離が120μ以上である。(1) The average inter-fiber distance is 120 μ or more.
（２） 下記式（Ｉ）で示される不織布強力と繊維数密
度との比ｆ＊が1.2g・cm3以上である。(2) The ratio f * between the nonwoven fabric strength and the fiber number density represented by the following formula (I) is 1.2 g · cm 3 or more.
（式中、 F:不織布繊維配向に垂直な方向の強力（ｇ） V:不織布の体積（cm3） N:不織布中の繊維本数 を示す。） 吸収性物品の高粘性液体透過性を向上させるのに、最
も重要なことは、高粘性液体の中に含まれる繊維質物
質、未消化物質あるいは微粒子等が不織布を構成する繊
維間に目詰まりすることなく速やかに吸収層に透過する
ことであり、そのためには、繊維質物質、未消化物質あ
るいは微粒子等に対しては十分に大きい多数の繊維間空
隙をもたねばならない。繊維間空隙の尺度として、平均
繊維間距離Δをとるこができ、このΔが大きいほど、高
粘性液体透過性が向上する。具体的には、不織布の平均
繊維間距離Δが120μ以上あると、悪露のような高粘性
のゲル状液体ばがりでなく、下痢便のような水分中に固
形分が分散していて、流動しやすくかつ目詰まりしやす
い排泄液の透過も著しく改善されることがわかった。さ
らに、高月齢の赤ちゃんの下痢便のように量の多い排泄
液に対しては、Δは150μ以上あることが好ましく、透
過性をより安定に維持するには、Δが200μ以上あるこ
とが最も望ましい。なお、高粘性液体に対する透過性が
阻害されなければ、強度を補うことやデザインとしての
模様付与等を目的とした熱あるいは超音波等によるエン
ボス処理などによりミクロ的に平均繊維間距離が120μ
以下となる部分が存在してもよい。 (Where F: strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation of the nonwoven fabric (g) V: volume of the nonwoven fabric (cm 3 ) N: the number of fibers in the nonwoven fabric) Improves the high-viscosity liquid permeability of the absorbent article The most important thing is that fibrous substances, undigested substances or fine particles contained in the highly viscous liquid permeate the absorbent layer quickly without clogging between the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric. For that purpose, it is necessary to have a large number of inter-fiber voids which are sufficiently large for fibrous substances, undigested substances, fine particles and the like. As a measure of the interfiber voids, the average interfiber distance Δ can be taken, and the greater the Δ, the better the high-viscosity liquid permeability. Specifically, when the average inter-fiber distance Δ of the nonwoven fabric is 120 μ or more, not only a highly viscous gel-like liquid such as bad dew but solids are dispersed in water such as diarrhea stool, It has been found that permeation of excreted liquid which is easy to flow and clogs is also significantly improved. Furthermore, for a large amount of excreted fluid such as diarrhea stool of an aged baby, Δ is preferably 150 μ or more, and in order to more stably maintain the permeability, Δ is most preferably 200 μ or more. desirable. If the permeability to the high-viscosity liquid is not hindered, the average fiber-to-fiber distance is 120 μm microscopically by embossing with heat or ultrasonic waves for the purpose of supplementing the strength or providing a pattern as a design.
The following parts may be present.
ここで、平均繊維間距離Δを定義する。不織布の構造
の第１近似として、繊維がすべて等距離平行に配列して
いるモデルを考え、その繊維間距離を「平均繊維間距
離」とする。Here, the average inter-fiber distance Δ is defined. As a first approximation of the structure of the nonwoven fabric, consider a model in which all fibers are arranged in parallel at equal distances, and the inter-fiber distance is defined as “average inter-fiber distance”.
繊維ｉの繊度、不織布の坪量をそれぞれ、Diデニー
ル、w g/m2とすると、 ｗ＝W/S/10000,Di＝900000aidi これらを式（１）に代入して、式変形を行うと、 となる。 Fineness of fiber i, respectively a basis weight of nonwoven fabrics, D i deniers, when wg / m 2, by substituting w = W / S / 10000, D i = 900000a i d i These equations (1), wherein When you transform, Becomes
次に、このような繊維間距離の大きい不織布に適正な
強度を付与するのに、本発明者らは、これまでの技術の
なかでは繊維間距離を最も広い範囲で制御できるサクシ
ョンボンド不織布に着目した。この不織布において、繊
維間距離を大きくするには、繊度を大きくすることが非
常に有効であるが、同時に強力が低下する。これは、高
繊度化による繊維本数の低下に伴い、繊維同志の接着点
が低下するためである。そこで、高繊度化しても強力を
低下させないためには、繊維同志の接着強度を向上させ
ることが必要である。サクションヒートボンド不織布に
溶融繊維として使用される繊維（バインダ繊維）は、熱
風により溶融する低融点成分と溶融しないで繊維の捲縮
形態を維持するための高融点成分の少なくとも２相（多
くの場合、シース−コア（コアが高融点成分）、サイド
−バイ−サイド型である）をもたなければならない。こ
のうち、不織布の強力を制御するのは低融点成分であ
る。そこで、この低融点成分として、熱溶融後のバイン
ダ繊維同志の接着力が強くかつ樹脂自体が軟らかいポリ
エチレン樹脂を選び、より接着力をあげるために、分子
量を高く設定した。その尺度として、メルトフローレー
ト（MFR）を用い、MFRが可能な限り低い（＜10）ポリエ
チレン樹脂を選んだ。さらに、バインダ繊維内の低融点
成分の割合を可能な（熱溶融後の繊維形態が維持でき
る）限り増やした（＞断面積比55％以上）。このような
バインダ繊維を用いて、繊維ウェブを構成し、サクショ
ンヒートボンド方式により不織布を製造した結果、本発
明の目的を十分満たす不織布を得ることができた（実施
例１参照）。この不織布は、高粘性液体を透過するのに
有効な150μ程度の繊維間距離で、かつ従来の不織布に
比べ約２倍以上の強力を持ち、毛羽抜け、毛羽立ちがな
く、風合いも良い。Next, in order to impart appropriate strength to such a non-woven fabric having a large inter-fiber distance, the present inventors focused on a suction-bonded non-woven fabric that can control the inter-fiber distance in the widest range among the conventional techniques. did. In this nonwoven fabric, increasing the fineness is very effective in increasing the inter-fiber distance, but at the same time, the strength is reduced. This is because the number of fibers decreases due to the increase in fineness, and the bonding points between fibers decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the bonding strength between the fibers so that the strength is not reduced even when the fineness is increased. The fiber (binder fiber) used as the molten fiber in the suction heat-bonded nonwoven fabric has at least two phases (in many cases, a low-melting component that is melted by hot air and a high-melting component that maintains the crimped form of the fiber without being melted. , A sheath-core (core is a high melting point component), side-by-side type. Of these, the low melting point component controls the strength of the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, as the low melting point component, a polyethylene resin having a strong adhesive force between the binder fibers after heat melting and a soft resin itself was selected, and the molecular weight was set high to further increase the adhesive force. As a measure, the melt flow rate (MFR) was used and polyethylene resins with the lowest possible MFR (<10) were chosen. Further, the proportion of the low melting point component in the binder fiber was increased as much as possible (the fiber shape after hot melting could be maintained) (> 55% or more cross-sectional area ratio). A fibrous web was constructed using such a binder fiber, and a nonwoven fabric was produced by a suction heat bonding method. As a result, a nonwoven fabric sufficiently satisfying the object of the present invention was obtained (see Example 1). This non-woven fabric has a fiber-to-fiber distance of about 150 μ, which is effective for permeating a highly viscous liquid, has about twice or more the strength of a conventional non-woven fabric, has no fluff, no fluff, and has a good feel.
さて、本発明者らは、不織布の強力Ｆと平均繊維間距
離Δとのバランスを特定するために次の（Ｉ）に示すよ
うな式を採用した。The present inventors have adopted the following equation (I) to specify the balance between the strength F of the nonwoven fabric and the average inter-fiber distance Δ.
（式中、 F:不織布繊維配向に垂直な方向の強力（ｇ） V:不織布の体積（cm3） N:不織布中の繊維本数 を示す。） すなわち、不織布の繊維配向に垂直な方向の強力Ｆと
繊維数密度N/Vの比ｆ＊を高強力／高繊維間距離不織布
の尺度とするのである。（Ｉ）式は、ｆ＊が大きくなる
ほど繊維間距離が大きく（繊維密度が小さく）かつ強力
が大きいことを示す。不織布は一般に製造ライン方向に
繊維が配向するため、繊維配向方向に比べ繊維配向に垂
直な方向の強力の方が小さい。そこで不織布強力として
はより実際的な、繊維方向に垂直な方向の強力を採用し
た。 (Where F: strength in the direction perpendicular to the nonwoven fabric orientation (g) V: volume of the nonwoven fabric (cm 3 ) N: the number of fibers in the nonwoven fabric) That is, strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber orientation of the nonwoven fabric The ratio f * between F and the fiber number density N / V is used as a measure of the high strength / high inter-fiber distance nonwoven fabric. Equation (I) indicates that the larger the f * , the larger the inter-fiber distance (smaller fiber density) and the greater the strength. Since the fibers of a nonwoven fabric are generally oriented in the production line direction, the strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber orientation is smaller than that in the fiber orientation direction. Therefore, a more practical strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction was adopted as the nonwoven fabric strength.
（Ｉ）式の導出法を以下に示す。The method of deriving the formula (I) will be described below.
繊維ｉの繊度、不織布の坪量をそれぞれ、Di（デニー
ル）、ｗ（g/m2）とすると、 ｗ＝W/S/10000, Di＝900000aidi これらを式（２）に代入して、式変形を行うと、 となる。 Fineness of fiber i, respectively a basis weight of nonwoven fabrics, D i (denier), when w (g / m 2), w = W / S / 10000, D i = 900000a i d i them in equation (2) By substituting and transforming the formula, Becomes
本発明者らは、前述した高繊度強接着バインダ繊維を
用い、強力、繊維間距離を変えてサクションヒートボン
ド不織布を製造し、不織布の吸収性能、風合い、実用強
力、毛羽抜けとｆ＊との関係を調べ、従来の吸収性物品
用不織布と比較したところ、ｆ＊が大きいほど、高粘性
液体透過性が良好で、かつ、被覆性（適度な強度、毛羽
立たない、遮蔽性）に優れることがわかった。具体的に
は、本発明の目的を達成するには、ｆ＊は少なくとも1.
2g・cm3以上を必要とする。さらに安定した不織布強力
と高度な繊維間距離を維持するためには、好ましくは1.
5g・cm3以上、最も望ましくは2.0g・cm3以上あると良
い。The present inventors, using a high fineness strong adhesive binder fibers mentioned above, strong, by changing the distance between fibers to produce a suction heat-bonded nonwoven fabric, absorbing performance of the nonwoven fabric, texture, practical strength, down removal and f * and the The relationship was examined and compared with the conventional nonwoven fabric for absorbent articles, the larger the f * , the better the high-viscosity liquid permeability and the better the coating properties (moderate strength, lint-free, shielding properties). all right. Specifically, f * must be at least 1.
Requires 2 g · cm 3 or more. In order to maintain a more stable nonwoven fabric strength and a high fiber-to-fiber distance, preferably 1.
It is good to be 5 g · cm 3 or more, most preferably 2.0 g · cm 3 or more.
本発明の不織布は、製造法には限定されない。現時点
の技術レベルでは、サクションヒートボンド方式以外の
方法で、ｆ＊≧1.2（ｇ・cm3）の不織布を製造すること
は困難であるが、将来の技術進歩により、絡合のみで、
あるいは、フィラメント繊維のみで、ｆ＊≧1.2（ｇ・c
m3）を満たす不織布が製造できれば、本発明に記したと
同様の効果を発現する。The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not limited to a production method. At the current technical level, it is difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric of f * ≧ 1.2 (g · cm 3 ) by a method other than the suction heat bonding method, but due to future technological advances, only non-entanglement is required.
Alternatively, f * ≧ 1.2 (g · c
If a nonwoven fabric satisfying m 3 ) can be produced, the same effects as described in the present invention can be obtained.
ここでは、特に、本発明の不織布をサクションヒート
ボンド方式で製造する場合の詳細を記す。Here, the details of the case where the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is manufactured by the suction heat bonding method will be particularly described.
不織布の繊維組成の基本条件は、熱風により表面が溶
融しかつ繊維全体の捲縮構造が変化しにくく、かつ繊維
同志の熱接着力が強い樹脂からなる熱接着バインダ（熱
可塑性）繊維を含むことである。このような繊維の代表
的なものとして、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン等のポ
リオレフィン系、ポリエステル系、ナイロン６、ナイロ
ン66等のポリアミド系、ポリアクリロニトリル系等の樹
脂から、相対的に融点の高い樹脂と低い樹脂を組み合わ
せた、シース−コア型、スキン−コア型（コアを高融点
樹脂とする）、サイド−バイ−サイド型の複合繊維等を
挙げることができる。この中でさらに好ましいのは、樹
脂同志の溶融接着力が強く、樹脂自体が軟らかいポリエ
チレンを低融点樹脂とする複合繊維である。最も好まし
いのは、繊維自体の捲縮弾性が大きく安定しているポリ
エチレン−ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン−ポリエステ
ルの組み合わせからなる複合繊維である。また、さらに
接着力を上げるには、低融点樹脂の繊維１本内の割合を
大きくすることであるが、あまり大きいと、熱処理後の
繊維の捲縮形態が不安定となるので、80％以下であるこ
とが望ましい。また、低融点樹脂がポリエチレン系のバ
インダ繊維ではポリエチレン樹脂の熱溶融時の流動性が
小さい程接着力が強く接着点の変形が小さい（風合いが
良い）ので、メルトフロー値が15以下、望ましくは10以
下のポリエチレン樹脂を使用することが本発明の目的に
とって望ましい。さらに、低融点樹脂／高融点樹脂が相
溶性の高い組み合わせではバインダ繊維同志の接着力は
高いので、例えば低融点樹脂としてポリエチレン樹脂を
使用した場合は、高融点樹脂としてポリプロピレンを用
いたり、ポリエステルのような高弾性樹脂にポリエチレ
ン系樹脂をブレンドした樹脂を用いることが有効であ
る。The basic conditions of the fiber composition of the non-woven fabric are that the surface is melted by hot air, the crimped structure of the whole fiber is hard to change, and the heat bonding binder (thermoplastic) fiber made of resin with strong heat bonding force between the fibers is included. It is. Typical examples of such fibers include polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polyesters such as polyamide, nylon 6 and nylon 66, and resins such as polyacrylonitrile, which have relatively high and low melting points. , A sheath-core type, a skin-core type (core is a high melting point resin), a side-by-side type conjugate fiber, and the like. Of these, more preferred are composite fibers having a low melting point resin made of polyethylene, which is a resin having a strong melt adhesion and a soft resin itself. The most preferable is a conjugate fiber composed of a combination of polyethylene-polypropylene and polyethylene-polyester in which the crimp elasticity of the fiber itself is large and stable. Further, in order to further increase the adhesive strength, it is necessary to increase the ratio of the low melting point resin in one fiber. However, if it is too large, the crimped form of the fiber after heat treatment becomes unstable. It is desirable that In addition, in the case of a polyethylene-based binder fiber having a low melting point, the lower the fluidity of the polyethylene resin at the time of heat melting, the stronger the adhesive force, and the smaller the deformation of the bonding point (the better the texture). It is desirable for the purposes of the present invention to use no more than 10 polyethylene resins. Further, in a combination of low-melting-point resin / high-melting-point resin having high compatibility, the adhesive strength between the binder fibers is high. For example, when polyethylene resin is used as the low-melting-point resin, polypropylene is used as the high-melting-point resin, or polyester is used. It is effective to use a resin obtained by blending a polyethylene resin with such a high elasticity resin.
バインダ繊維と非バインダ繊維の混率は出来上がった
不織布がｆ＊≧1.2（ｇ・cm3）を満たしていれば、任意
に設定できる。ただし、現時点では、高強力及び高度な
羽根抜け防止性が要求される紙おむつ用途では、バイン
ダ繊維の混率は70％以上あると良いし、最も望ましくは
100％あることである。風合いがより重視される生理用
ナプキン、化粧綿用途では、バインダ繊維の混率は最低
50％あれば良い。不織布の層を、強力を付与する層と風
合い／嵩高の機能を付与する層に分けると目的とする吸
収性物品に効率的に機能を発現させるこおができる。具
体的には、 生理用ナプキン用途／化粧綿用途ではバインダ繊維
の混率を、強力を付与する層の70％以上にし、風合い／
嵩高を付与する層では非バインダ繊維の混率を40％以上
にすることが有効である。The mixing ratio of the binder fiber and the non-binder fiber can be arbitrarily set as long as the completed nonwoven fabric satisfies f * ≧ 1.2 (g · cm 3 ). However, at present, for disposable diapers that require high strength and a high degree of prevention of blade detachment, the mixing ratio of the binder fiber is preferably 70% or more, and most preferably.
That is 100%. For sanitary napkins and cotton fabrics where texture is more important, the blending ratio of binder fiber is the lowest.
50% is fine. When the nonwoven fabric layer is divided into a layer that imparts strength and a layer that imparts texture / bulk function, the intended absorbent article can efficiently exhibit its function. Specifically, for sanitary napkin applications / cosmetic cotton applications, the mixing ratio of the binder fiber should be 70% or more of the layer that gives strength,
It is effective to make the mixing ratio of the non-binder fibers 40% or more in the layer giving bulkiness.
紙おむつ用途では、強力を付与する層では風合いが
悪化しない程度の高繊度バインダ繊維を主体とし、風合
い／嵩高を付与する層では相対的に強力付与層よりも大
きな繊度の繊維を主体とすることが有効である。In disposable diaper applications, the layer that imparts strength is mainly composed of high-fineness binder fibers that do not deteriorate the texture, and the layer that imparts texture / bulkness is mainly composed of fibers that are relatively finer than the layer that imparts strength. It is valid.
不織布の毛羽抜けは、非バインダ繊維の混率が大きい
ほど多くなるので、これらの繊維の混率が不織布の各層
で少なくとも50％以下であることが好ましい。ポリエチ
レン系のバインダ繊維とポリプロピレン繊維、非晶性ポ
リエステル系バインダ繊維とポリエステル繊維とは相溶
性が高いので、これらを混在させた不織布の層では、バ
インダ繊維の混率は30％あれば毛羽抜け防止は達成でき
る。Since the fuzz loss of the nonwoven fabric increases as the mixing ratio of the non-binder fibers increases, it is preferable that the mixing ratio of these fibers be at least 50% or less in each layer of the nonwoven fabric. Polyethylene binder fiber and polypropylene fiber, and amorphous polyester binder fiber and polyester fiber are highly compatible. Therefore, in a nonwoven fabric layer in which these are mixed, if the mixture ratio of the binder fiber is 30%, the fluff can be prevented from coming off. Can be achieved.
不織布の繊維間距離を大きくするためには、繊維の捲
縮形態も重要である。上述のバインダ繊維あるいは非バ
インダ繊維に何らかのバイラテラル構造をもたせ立体捲
縮を付与したものは、スタフィングボックスなどにより
通常の機械捲縮だけが付与されたものに比べ、同重量の
ウェブを形成したときの繊維間空隙が大きく風合いが良
いという点でより好ましい。In order to increase the inter-fiber distance of the nonwoven fabric, the crimped form of the fibers is also important. The above-mentioned binder fiber or non-binder fiber has a bilateral structure and is provided with a three-dimensional crimp, and a web having the same weight is formed as compared with the case where only a normal mechanical crimp is provided by a stuffing box or the like. This is more preferable in that the space between fibers at that time is large and the texture is good.
繊維の太さは、120μ以上に規定されている平均繊維
間距離に比べ十分小さければ自由に選ぶことができ、そ
の目安として平均繊維間距離の15％以下であることが好
ましい。ただし、不織布の強度及び風合いを考慮すると
10デニールは越えないことが望ましい。また、現時点の
繊維技術ではあまり細いと不織布全体の嵩を維持した不
織布を構成することが困難であり、前述のような繊維を
使用する場合は２デニール以上の繊度であることが好ま
しい。The thickness of the fiber can be freely selected as long as it is sufficiently smaller than the average inter-fiber distance specified to be 120 μ or more, and is preferably 15% or less of the average inter-fiber distance. However, considering the strength and texture of the nonwoven fabric
It is desirable not to exceed 10 denier. In addition, it is difficult to form a nonwoven fabric that maintains the bulk of the entire nonwoven fabric if it is too thin with the current fiber technology. When the above-mentioned fibers are used, the fineness is preferably 2 denier or more.
不織布の坪量は、ｆ＊が1.2g・cm3以上であれば、ど
のように設定しても良いが、吸収層に対する被覆性及び
吸収性物品を製造する際の工程性を考慮すると、５〜50
g/m2の間に設定することが望ましい。The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric may be set in any manner as long as f * is 1.2 g · cm 3 or more. However, in consideration of the covering property to the absorbent layer and the processability in manufacturing the absorbent article, the basis weight is 5%. ~ 50
It is desirable to set it between g / m 2 .
また形成された不織布には適度な親水性が付与されて
いることが必要である。たとえば、レーヨンのような表
面が親水性をもつ繊維の使用によって不織布に親水性が
付与されてもよい。ただし吸収速度が大きくかつ不織布
表面のべたつき感や吸収層からの液戻りを抑えるには、
表面が親水性でかつ内部が疎水性であるような繊維の割
合が多いほど良く、最も望ましくは、このような繊維10
0％で不織布が構成されることである。表面が親水性
で、かつ内部が疎水性であるような繊維は、たとえば、
ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン系
繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、ポリアクリ
ロニトリル系繊維等の疎水性合成繊維の表面に、界面活
性剤による処理、親水基をもつモノマーあるいは親水基
をもつポリマーなど親水基をもつ化学物質を化学結合さ
せる化学的表面改質、あるいはプラズマ加工等による物
理的表面改質を施して、表面を親水性にして得ることが
できる。なお、化学的表面改質は、親水基をもつ化学物
質が繊維表面と結合していてもよいし、親水基をもつ化
学物質同志が結合して架橋し繊維表面を覆っていてもよ
い。より直接的には、スキン部は親水性繊維でコア部は
疎水性繊維であるようなスキン−コア型複合繊維を使用
してもよい。また、上述の疎水性合成繊維の表面改質
は、不織布形成前に繊維状態で実施してもよいし、不織
布形成工程中で実施してもよい。これらの表面親水状態
の中では、液の透過前は適度な親水性を設定でき液透過
後には液と共に脱落して疎水性表面が露出するか、親水
性が低下しその部分の吸収層からの液戻りの制御効果に
優れる界面活性剤処理によるものが最も好ましい。Further, it is necessary that the formed nonwoven fabric is provided with appropriate hydrophilicity. For example, hydrophilicity may be imparted to the nonwoven fabric by using fibers having a hydrophilic surface such as rayon. However, in order to suppress the stickiness of the nonwoven fabric surface and the liquid return from the absorption layer, the absorption rate is large,
The greater the proportion of fibers whose surface is hydrophilic and whose interior is hydrophobic, the better, most preferably such fibers 10
That is, the nonwoven fabric is composed of 0%. Fibers having a hydrophilic surface and a hydrophobic interior are, for example,
Surfaces of hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as polyolefin-based fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and polyacrylonitrile-based fibers are treated with a surfactant, and a hydrophilic group such as a monomer having a hydrophilic group or a polymer having a hydrophilic group is applied. The surface can be made hydrophilic by performing a chemical surface modification for chemically bonding chemical substances to be carried out or a physical surface modification by plasma processing or the like. In the chemical surface modification, a chemical substance having a hydrophilic group may be bonded to the fiber surface, or a chemical substance having a hydrophilic group may be bonded and crosslinked to cover the fiber surface. More directly, a skin-core type composite fiber in which the skin portion is a hydrophilic fiber and the core portion is a hydrophobic fiber may be used. Further, the surface modification of the hydrophobic synthetic fiber described above may be performed in a fiber state before forming the nonwoven fabric, or may be performed during the nonwoven fabric forming step. In these surface hydrophilic states, an appropriate hydrophilicity can be set before the liquid permeates, and after the liquid permeates, it falls off with the liquid to expose the hydrophobic surface, or the hydrophilicity is reduced and the part of the surface from the absorbing layer is reduced. Most preferred is a surfactant treatment which is excellent in controlling the liquid return.
本発明の吸収性物品は、吸収層の下面及び側面を必要
であれば防漏層で覆い、その表面を上記の如き特定の条
件を満たす不織布で覆うことにより製造される。The absorbent article of the present invention is manufactured by covering the lower surface and side surfaces of the absorbent layer with a leak-proof layer if necessary, and covering the surface with a nonwoven fabric satisfying the above-mentioned specific conditions.
本発明の吸収性物品に用いられる吸収層及び防漏層の
材料は特に限定されず、従来公知の吸収物品に用いられ
ているものが使用できる。The materials of the absorbent layer and the leak-proof layer used in the absorbent article of the present invention are not particularly limited, and those used in conventionally known absorbent articles can be used.
本発明の吸収性物品は生理用ナプキン、産褥用ナプキ
ン、紙おむつ、化粧綿等に使用できるが、ここでは量及
び粘度が他に比べはるかに大きい排泄液を対象とする紙
おむつを中心にして、以下、実施例及び比較例により、
本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。The absorbent article of the present invention can be used for sanitary napkins, puerperal napkins, disposable diapers, cotton swabs, etc. According to Examples and Comparative Examples,
The present invention will be described in more detail.
実施例１〜14及び比較的１〜10 表１及び２に示す種々の繊維、組成、製造方法を用い
て製造した不織布から下記方法により吸収性物品を作製
し、その性能を以下に示す方法により試験した。Examples 1 to 14 and comparatively 1 to 10 Various fibers, compositions, and nonwoven fabrics manufactured using the manufacturing methods shown in Tables 1 and 2 were used to produce absorbent articles by the following method, and the performance was evaluated by the method shown below. Tested.
結果を表１及び表２に示す。 The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
＜測定サンプル＞ 測定用サンプルとしては、比較的1,2,3は市販の紙お
むつを用いた。<Measurement Samples> As the measurement samples, commercially available disposable diapers were relatively used for 1, 2, and 3.
実施例及び比較例4,6,7,8,9,10の不織布は全てサクシ
ョンヒートボンド方式で製造した不織布を用い、比較例
５の不織布は、ポリプロピレンステープルで製造したウ
ェブをアクリル系バインダで接着して製造したものを用
い、市販の使い捨ておむつ（商品名メリーズ、花王
（株）製）及び市販の生理用ナプキン（商品名ロリエ、
花王（株）製）の不織布を取り除き、代わりにこれらの
不織布を載せたものをそれぞれ使い捨て紙おむつ及び生
理用ナプキンを想定した吸収性物品として用いた。The nonwoven fabrics of Examples and Comparative Examples 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 all use nonwoven fabrics manufactured by a suction heat bonding method, and the nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Example 5 are obtained by bonding a web manufactured by polypropylene staples with an acrylic binder. Using commercially available disposable diapers (trade name: Merize, manufactured by Kao Corporation) and commercial sanitary napkins (trade name: Laurier,
The nonwoven fabric manufactured by Kao Corporation was removed, and the nonwoven fabric on which these nonwoven fabrics were placed was used as an absorbent article assuming a disposable disposable diaper and a sanitary napkin.
比較例6,7、実施例1,2,3は、まず実施例３の不織布を
製造し、厚みをセット（種々のクリアランスを設定）し
たプレートの間に不織布を挟みバインダ繊維の融点より
低い約50〜70℃で一定時間処理することで、比較例6,
7、実施例1,2,3の平均繊維間距離を調整した。In Comparative Examples 6 and 7, and Examples 1 and 2, first, the nonwoven fabric of Example 3 was manufactured, and the nonwoven fabric was sandwiched between plates having a set thickness (various clearances). By treating at 50 to 70 ° C. for a certain time, Comparative Example 6,
7. The average inter-fiber distance of Examples 1, 2, and 3 was adjusted.
表１及び２において、不織布製造法の略記号は、次の
意味をもつ。In Tables 1 and 2, the abbreviations for the nonwoven fabric production method have the following meanings.
WN:ウォータニードリング方式 SPB:スパンボンド方式 HRB:ヒートロール接着方式 CBB:ケミカルバインダ接着方式 SHB:サクションヒートボンド方式 ＜試験方法＞ （１） 厚み： 50mm×50mmの加圧プレートを不織布にのせ、2.5g/cm2
圧下での不織布の厚みをダイヤルゲージ式厚み計（PEAC
OCK製）で測定する。ただし、不織布はバインダ繊維の
融点より低い温度（約50〜70℃）で一定時間処理するこ
とで、厚みを完全に回復した状態にする。WN: Water needling method SPB: Spun bond method HRB: Heat roll bonding method CBB: Chemical binder bonding method SHB: Suction heat bonding method <Test method> (1) Thickness: A 50 mm x 50 mm pressure plate is placed on the nonwoven fabric. 2.5g / cm 2
The thickness of the nonwoven fabric under pressure can be measured using a dial gauge thickness gauge (PEAC
OCK). However, the non-woven fabric is treated at a temperature lower than the melting point of the binder fiber (about 50 to 70 ° C.) for a certain period of time so that the thickness is completely recovered.
（２） 不織布強力： 繊維配向に垂直な方向に幅50mmのサンプルを切り出
す。引張試験機によりチャック間距離100mmで繊維配向
に垂直な方向に引っ張った時の破断強力を測定する。(2) Nonwoven fabric strength: A sample with a width of 50 mm is cut out in a direction perpendicular to the fiber orientation. Using a tensile tester, measure the breaking strength when pulled in a direction perpendicular to the fiber orientation at a distance between the chucks of 100 mm.
（３） 表面液流れ： 紙おむつ想定;45度に傾斜したサンプル表面上に、
上方1cmより、試験液3gを1g/秒で排出する。不織布表面
を試験液が流れた長さを測定する。試験液として、次の
３種類を使用した。(3) Surface liquid flow: paper diaper assumed; on the sample surface inclined at 45 degrees,
Discharge 3 g of the test solution at 1 g / sec from 1 cm above. The length of the test liquid flowing on the nonwoven fabric surface is measured. The following three types were used as test liquids.
Ａ…粘度1c.p.の低粘性液体。尿を想定した。A: Low viscosity liquid with a viscosity of 1 c.p. Urine was assumed.
Ｂ…小麦粉を水に分散させてつくった粘度250c.p.の人
工軟便 Ｃ…小麦粉を水に分散させてつくった粘度10c.p.の人工
下痢便 生理用ナプキン想定;45度に傾斜したサンプル表面
上に、上方1cmより、試験液を10g/分で滴下させ滴下点
からサンプル内部に吸収された点までの不織布表面上を
流れた距離を測定した。試験液としてつぎの３種類を使
用した。B: Artificial loose stool with viscosity 250 c.p. made by dispersing flour in water C: Artificial diarrhea stool with viscosity 10 c.p. made by dispersing flour in water Assumed sanitary napkin; sample inclined at 45 degrees The test liquid was dropped at 10 g / min from 1 cm above the surface, and the distance from the dropping point to the point where it was absorbed inside the sample was measured on the nonwoven fabric surface. The following three types were used as test liquids.
Ａ…粘度10c.p.の低粘性液体。低粘性経血を想定した。A: Low viscosity liquid with a viscosity of 10 c.p. Low viscosity menstrual blood was assumed.
Ｂ…試験液ＡをCMCで増粘させた粘度350c.p.の高粘性液
体。悪露を想定した。B: High viscosity liquid with a viscosity of 350 c.p. obtained by thickening test liquid A with CMC. Assumed bad dew.
表面液流れはいずれも、短い法が排泄液の流動を抑
え、横漏れに対する防漏力の高いことを示す。In all cases, the surface liquid flow indicates that the short method suppresses the flow of the excreted liquid and has a high leak-proofing ability against side leakage.
（４） 戻り量： 紙おむつ想定；試験液A 150gをサンプルに注入し、
一定時間後に加圧させ、内部より不織布を通って戻って
くる試験液量を測定した。(4) Return amount: Disposable diaper assumed; 150 g of test solution A was injected into the sample,
After a certain period of time, the pressure was increased, and the amount of the test liquid returning from inside through the nonwoven fabric was measured.
生理用ナプキン想定；試験液A 10gをサンプルに注
入し、一定時間後に加圧させ、内部より不織布を通って
戻ってくる試験液量を測定した。Assumed sanitary napkin; 10 g of test solution A was injected into the sample, pressurized after a certain period of time, and the amount of test solution returning from inside through the nonwoven fabric was measured.
この戻り量が小さいほど、表面でのべとつきが少な
く、使用感がよく、ふき取り効果に優れる。The smaller the amount of return, the less stickiness on the surface, the better the feeling of use, and the better the wiping effect.
（５） 毛羽抜け： スポンジを巻いた荷重（15g/cm2）で不織布表面を摩
擦した時に不織布より抜けてスポンジに付着した繊維の
量の程度を評価した。(5) Fluff removal: The degree of the amount of fibers which came off from the nonwoven fabric and adhered to the sponge when the surface of the nonwoven fabric was rubbed with a load (15 g / cm 2 ) wound around the sponge was evaluated.
評価基準は、 ３級…繊維がほとんど認められない ２級…繊維抜けが目立つが、繊維玉はない １級…繊維抜けが著しく、繊維玉が多い （６） 肌ざわり： 不織布表面の柔らかさと肌触りについて官能評価し
た。The evaluation criteria are as follows: Grade 3 ... Fiber is hardly recognized. Grade 2 ... Fiber dropout is noticeable, but there is no fiber ball. Grade 1 ... Fiber dropout is remarkable and there are many fiber balls. (6) Texture: Softness and softness of nonwoven fabric surface Was evaluated organoleptically.
３級…柔らかく、肌ざわりが良い。3rd grade… Soft and soft.
２級…やや硬く、ざらつき感があるが、使用は可能。Grade 2… Slightly hard and rough, but usable.
１級…硬く、ざらざらして、肌触りが悪く使用できな
い。Class 1: Hard, rough, and uncomfortable to use.
（７） 平均繊維間距離及びｆ＊： F,L,w,αi,Di,liを測定して、既に導いた式により計
算する。(7) Average inter-fiber distance and f * : F, L, w, α i , D i , l i are measured and calculated by the formulas already derived.
スパンボンド不織布は繊維長がほぼ無限大であるが、
不織布の構成を考慮して、繊維長5.1cmの繊維が連結し
ていると考え、li＝5.1として計算した。Spunbonded nonwoven fabric has almost infinite fiber length,
In consideration of the configuration of the nonwoven fabric, it was considered that fibers having a fiber length of 5.1 cm were connected, and calculation was performed with l i = 5.1.
＜結 果＞ 表１及び表２から明らかな如く、比較例1,2,3,5に示
すような従来の吸収性物品用不織布は、不織布強力が大
きくても、平均繊維間距離が小さく、結果として、ｆ＊
が小さい。そのため、高粘性液（試験液Ａ）の吸収性は
良好であるが、高粘性液体（試験液B,C）の透過性は悪
い。 <Results> As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, the conventional nonwoven fabrics for absorbent articles as shown in Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, and 5 have a small average inter-fiber distance even when the nonwoven fabric strength is large. As a result, f *
Is small. Therefore, the high viscosity liquid (test liquid A) has good absorbency, but the high viscosity liquid (test liquids B and C) has poor permeability.
比較例４に示すように従来のサクションヒートボンド
不織布では、平均繊維間距離を上げると不織布強力が低
下する（熱処理温度をバインダ繊維の融点ぎりぎりまで
下げねばならない）ため、毛羽抜けが多かった。As shown in Comparative Example 4, in the conventional suction heat-bonded nonwoven fabric, when the average inter-fiber distance was increased, the strength of the nonwoven fabric was reduced (the heat treatment temperature had to be reduced to just below the melting point of the binder fiber), so that there was much fuzz.
比較例6,7は平均繊維間距離が120μ未満のため高粘性
液体（試験液B,C）の表面液流れが悪い（試験液Ｂ（下
痢便程度）の表面液流れが150mmを切ることが最低要件
である）。In Comparative Examples 6 and 7, since the average fiber-to-fiber distance was less than 120 μm, the surface liquid flow of highly viscous liquids (test liquids B and C) was poor (the surface liquid flow of test liquid B (about diarrhea stool) was less than 150 mm). Is the minimum requirement).
比較例８は実施例と同じ繊維を使用して、ｆ＊が1.2
未満の不織布を製造したため、強力が強く、厚みの薄い
（従って平均繊維間距離の小さい）不織布となり、硬く
て風合が悪い。Comparative Example 8 uses the same fiber as the example, and has f * of 1.2.
Since a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of less than 30% is manufactured, the nonwoven fabric has a high strength and a small thickness (thus, a small average inter-fiber distance), and is hard and has a poor feeling.
比較例９は従来のバインダー繊維を使用したためｆ＊
が1.2を越えることができない。1.2に近づけるには強力
を増大させるため熱処理条件をハードにしなければなら
ず、風合が悪化する。Comparative Example 9 uses f * because a conventional binder fiber was used .
Cannot exceed 1.2. In order to approach 1.2, the heat treatment conditions must be made hard to increase the strength, and the feeling deteriorates.
サクションヒートボンド方式で不織布を製造すると、
熱処理条件がハード（熱処理温度がバインダ繊維の融点
よりかなり大きく、風速が強い）な時は、強力が大き
く、厚み（平均繊維間距離）の小さな物ができる。比較
的10は、熱処理条件のハードすぎる場合の代表例で、実
施例と同じ繊維組成でも平均繊維間距離が低く、風合い
が悪いため吸収性物品用として使用できない。When fabricating nonwoven fabric by suction heat bond method,
When the heat treatment conditions are hard (the heat treatment temperature is much higher than the melting point of the binder fiber and the wind speed is strong), a product having a large strength and a small thickness (average inter-fiber distance) is formed. Comparative example 10 is a typical example in which the heat treatment conditions are too hard. Even with the same fiber composition as in the examples, the average fiber-to-fiber distance is low and the hand is poor, so that it cannot be used for absorbent articles.
実施例１〜14に示すように、平均繊維間距離及びｆ＊
が本発明に規定する範囲にあると、不織布強力、高粘性
液体透過性、被覆性のバランスのとれた吸収性物品を構
成することができる。As shown in Examples 1 to 14, the average inter-fiber distance and f *
Is within the range specified in the present invention, it is possible to constitute an absorbent article having a good balance of nonwoven fabric strength, high viscous liquid permeability, and coatability.
Claims (1)
不織布を表面材として用いてなることを特徴とする吸収
性物品。 （１） 平均繊維間距離が120μ以上である。 （２） 下記式（Ｉ）で示される不織布強力と繊維数密
度との比ｆ＊が1.2g・cm3以上である。 （式中、 F:不織布繊維配向に垂直な方向の強力（ｇ） V:不織布の体積（cm3） N:不織布中の繊維本数 を示す。）1. An absorbent article characterized by using a nonwoven fabric satisfying all of the following conditions (1) and (2) as a surface material. (1) The average inter-fiber distance is 120 μ or more. (2) The ratio f * between the nonwoven fabric strength and the fiber number density represented by the following formula (I) is 1.2 g · cm 3 or more. (Where F: strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation of the nonwoven fabric (g) V: volume of the nonwoven fabric (cm 3 ) N: number of fibers in the nonwoven fabric)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184944A JP2851642B2 (en) | 1989-07-18 | 1989-07-18 | Absorbent articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184944A JP2851642B2 (en) | 1989-07-18 | 1989-07-18 | Absorbent articles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0349758A JPH0349758A (en) | 1991-03-04 |
| JP2851642B2 true JP2851642B2 (en) | 1999-01-27 |
Family
ID=16162086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1184944A Expired - Lifetime JP2851642B2 (en) | 1989-07-18 | 1989-07-18 | Absorbent articles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2851642B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6689317B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2020-04-28 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | Absorbent body of absorbent article |
-
1989
- 1989-07-18 JP JP1184944A patent/JP2851642B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0349758A (en) | 1991-03-04 |
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