JP2818999B2 - Transdermal drug applicator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transdermal drug applicator.
And the electrode configuration used with this applicator.
In particular, animals attached to control systems
Or a drug that can be attached to human skin in an operative relationship
Agent applicator. In particular, this app
The present invention relates to a device in which a locator is provided in a watch body. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of administering a drug, an electric
Through animal or human skin using electrophoresis or electroosmosis
And then supply the drug. This is the solution
Or cause drug molecules in suspension to receive an electric field
To supply drug molecules to the body.
You. In the case of electrophoresis, it has the same charge as the ionic molecule
Electrode is on the solution next to the skin where the drug is placed
Ions repel and migrate through the skin into the bloodstream
You. On the other hand, in the case of electroosmosis, the aqueous solution is drawn to the negative electrode.
And cause a current to flow through the porous membrane. These two
Has a similar end effect, but
Electrochemical process, transdermal drug or other drug
Injections or donations can be done separately or independently.
It can be done upright. This type of transdermal drug
The applicator is formed including the reservoir and the patient's skin
Medicine by supplying current to the electrical circuit
You. According to such an applicator, drug supply to a patient
For a long time at a constant speed while maintaining a stable state
Or it is best applied on demand. In addition, this
Such devices include U.S. Pat. Nos. 385,556,486,486.
902, 588, 479, 2,493, 155, 2, 2
67,162,2,784,715,3,163,16
6, 3,289,671,3,547,107,3,6
77,268,4,008,721,4,141,35
9,4,239,046,4,166,457,4,2
39,052,4,290,878,4,164,22
6, 4,362,645, 4,273,135,4,2
43,052,4,325,367,4,367,74
5, 4,419,091, 4,474,570,4,4
06,658, 4,314,554 and other foreign countries
Patents include EPA 0060452, DE 290
202183, DE 3225748, EPA 005
8920 and UK 2104388. [0003] However, the drug delivery
The beneficial effect of administration is that the patient sometimes activates the drug delivery mechanism.
If you forget to do it, it will decrease. Therefore, drug delivery
Salaries are often paid in hospitals. Meanwhile, the patient
Uncontrolled operation of the mechanism may lead to irregular drug supply.
is expected. For this reason, machines that automatically supply drugs
Danger due to misuse or being forced to go to hospital
There was a problem that sometimes accompanied. Therefore, the present invention
The main purpose of attaching a drug applicator to the patient's skin
Power on and off times automatically
A predetermined, variable controlled speed
Or electrophoresis or electrolysis at preprogrammed time intervals.
Provide a system for supplying and stopping drugs by permeation
Is to provide. Another object of the invention is to provide one or more
The drug reservoir is attached to the patient's skin and
Electrophoresis and / or
Supplies one or more drugs by electroosmotic injection
Activate power supply to install and stop supply
Be programmed to give
Provide a system including a computer mechanism capable of
That is. Another object of the invention is to provide a closed loop feed.
By providing bag system or according to actual requirements
The patient or patient can be
The patient, including the response to physical and chemical changes experienced
To provide a system that responds to drug supply control
You. [0004] In order to achieve the above object,
The transdermal drug applicator of the present application has the following components.
At least one drug into the bloodstream through the skin
A drug attached to a living body for supply,
Transdermal drug applicator that can replenish
Control the delivery of one drug through the skin
For moving to the living body
Computer components, which are arranged in a reusable manner
Said computer component comprising a possible assembly
Provides electrical energy to the drug applicator and
Power supply for passing current to the at least one drug
A drug reservoir containing the computer component
A relocatable drug reservoir, which is relocatable to the
A medicine cartridge having the medicine reservoir,
A reservoir is provided below the computer component
A permeable surface that comes into contact with the skin of the living body
For example, the medicine reservoir is located below the computer component.
When provided, from the computer component to the drug
Current flow through the reservoir and the skin of the organism
It has a switch means for creating. The present invention also provides
The computer components are arranged in a wristwatch housing
Or the computer component is a program
Have a possible computer, or the reservoir is
It has a permeable membrane that comes into contact with the skin of the individual. There is also
Alternatively, the reservoir has a filling tube and the
The computer component has a hole for inserting the filling tube.
The filling tube is provided at its outer end with the drug reservoir.
In order to introduce replacement medicine by syringe
It is possible to refill the medicine in the medicine reservoir
It has a self-sealing that can be pierced. Again
The reusable assembly and the drug cart
Ridge pairs and the drug cartridge is reused
Under said computer component of a possible assembly
It is arranged to lie down. Next, the present invention is based on the premise of the present invention and relates to the present invention.
Technology (hereinafter referred to as “related technology”) and examples of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows related art transdermal drugs
It is a figure showing the operation principle of a medicine applicator. FIG. 1 and FIG.
With reference to FIG. 2, the applicator 10 is
It comprises a jacket 12 having an edge 16 along the circumference. A
The predicator 10 is connected to another electrophoresis unit described later.
Central part and its outer periphery for housing
Any shape or size as long as it is along the edge
Can be formed. For example, square, rectangle, oval
Any shape according to shape, circle, etc. or specific location of skin
I can make it. As you can see in Figure 2, here
The applicator 10 is attached to the surface of the patient's skin 18.
However, the raised portion 14 of the jacket 12 has
There are several layers. The first layer is where the drug to be delivered is skin 18
Is a microporous or semi-permeable membrane 22 that moves through it.
The membrane 22 is not necessary depending on the properties of the medicine reservoir.
No. The second layer is a flexible layer containing the drug to be administered.
A pad 24 or other type of drug reservoir. This
As can be understood from the technology, the above-mentioned United States
Drugs as indicated in one or more of the patents
Reservoir 24 contains selected drug in solution or suspension
Impregnated pads or gels. Also,
Walls should be able to prevent drug leakage under ambient conditions
Although dense, when electrophoresis is used,
Under the influence of an applied electric field, such as charged particles or ions.
Porous enough to allow the transfer of such drugs. For example,
Applicator packing for transport or storage, temperature change
Leakage under ambient conditions as a result of motion and puncture of the reservoir.
If this occurs, it is appropriate to use a microporous membrane.
is there. In this case, whether or not the membrane 22 is used,
Is largely dependent on the nature of the drug used.
You. The medicine reservoir 24 is a pouch containing a liquid medicine.
Rather than a porous material impregnated with a drug.
Is also good. [0007] The third layer on the drug reservoir 24 is
Connection that can be incorporated as one side of the battery 28
Point 26. Contact 26 can be made of any conductive material, preferably
The applicator 10 fits snugly against the skin surface
It is desirable to be able to do this. Applicable for this type
Properties are well known in the art and may be conductive,
Or non-ionic polymers. Carbon addition or
Surface metallized plastics can also be used for this purpose
it can. [0008] The battery 28 constituting the next layer is a specific medicine.
The desired voltage necessary to obtain the electrokinetic action
Consists of a group of cells internally connected in series to obtain
Can be achieved. Battery 28 orientation selected
It depends on whether the charged particles of the drug are positive or negative. If the particles are dissolved
If the liquid or suspension is negatively charged, the skin
Since it becomes positive with respect to the contact 26 and attracts ions, the contact
26 is connected to the negative side of the battery 28. About electroosmosis
For example, the pH of the drug solution is not so important
More flexibility in design and construction
You. In addition, solvents can be concentrated to fairly high concentrations.
You. This requires high ionic fluidity and lower concentrations
In contrast to ionic solutions that need to be
is there. Therefore, here, both types of drug delivery systems
Is considered. These are within the scope of the invention
But the system you use should be based on the drug you choose
It is. Both systems can be combined. Ma
Maximize the efficiency of results or provide nonionic drugs
Use them simultaneously to increase the feed rate and feed rate
Can also be. For battery 28, the desired working voltage
In order to obtain
It can be arranged and connected in series using battery cells.
it can. In addition, today,
Very thin and have a large surface area with respect to thickness
A battery formed from a flexible conductive polymer sheet
Is being developed. Such a plastic bag
One of the batteries is "Battery Today".
Today) ”, Autumn Issue 1981, pp. 10, 11 and
And 22. Using such a battery
At times, the cells may be tilted as shown schematically in FIG.
Sheets can be stacked so that they are arranged in series
You. Of course, the battery will ultimately follow the desired
Degree, voltage and current density required for specific application, discharge time
Make a selection after considering such factors. On the battery 28
Has a configuration similar to that of the contact 26 and has a battery
Another contact 32 electrically connected to the other side of
Can be [0010] A jacket 1 that wraps all the layers of the applicator 10
2 is a carbon impregnated polymer or surface metallized plastic.
Formed from a flexible conductive plastic material such as
It is. The insulating material 34 includes the sidewalls of the raised portion 14 and the
The space between the various layers is filled. The applicator 10 is placed on the skin 18 for connection.
Edge 16 so that good electrical contact is obtained.
A conductive adhesive material 36 is applied to the lower side. With the above configuration, roughly speaking,
From one side of the battery, the jacket 12, adhesive material 36, skin
18, microporous membrane 22, drug reservoir 24 and battery 28
A complete electrical circuit back is formed. The configuration described above
FIG. 3 shows a configuration of an electric circuit formed by the method.
In FIG. 3, the circuit corresponds to the structure shown in FIGS.
This is schematically indicated by a number. The battery 28 includes a contact 32, a jacket 12 and
And connected to the skin 18 via an adhesive layer 36. Battery
On the other side 28, a contact 26, a drug reservoir 24 and a membrane 22 are formed.
Connected to the skin 18 to complete the circuit. Resistance Re
ff together with the drug reservoir 24 and the membrane 22 together with the skin 1
8, adhesive layer 36, jacket 12, battery 28 and its connection
Represents the effective resistance of the complete circuit including points 26 and 32
You. In this type of system, one of the goals is to
Very low to inject slowly over a long period of time
To create a specific current flow. Skin under membrane 22
0.0001 A / cm of the skin surface ² That low current is specific
Is a typical current chosen to administer a given drug.
The electrical resistance of the skin to the current is on the order of 6-9 KΩ
And the distance between multiple points on the skin where electrical contact is made
Is roughly irrelevant. This is the skin electricity
Resistance is the resistance to the penetration of most of the current into the body
Current flows through the body fluid with extremely low electrical resistance.
Because it is Thus, the current at the indicated speed is
To make it, according to Ohm's law,
The total resistance of the circuit that uses the
About 360 KΩ. This resistance, or the actual
The effective resistance Ref is one component or battery resistance.
Components of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, including resistors, electrodes, jacket material, etc.
Can be made by a combination of In addition,
And if desired, during the operating time of the applicator.
In order to keep the current constant, introduce a constant current limiter.
The electric body 26 or a circuit that would be convenient to do so
Formed integrally with and as part of any other part of
can do. Further, as schematically shown in FIG.
The locator 10 indicates that the injection of the medicine is performed after a predetermined time or some time
To ensure that the dose stops after the dose of drug has been administered
Devices can be incorporated. This is a programmable
By using an integrated circuit
By inserting an integrator such as a
And can be achieved. Known in the art
As shown, the cell 38 comprises a pair of electrodes, one of which
On top is a coating of the material to be transferred to the other electrode. Original
A predetermined time has elapsed or provided based on the thickness of the coating film
After an integrated current representing the desired amount of drug to be
When the stick material adheres, the internal resistance increases significantly. This
This reduces the amount of current and results in the cessation of drug transfer.
You. Such devices can be used during drug application, or
Predetermine the amount of drug to be provided as described above
Can be used for Cell 38 has a relatively high resistance
A high-resistance device necessary for the operation of the applicator 10.
Many can be provided. Cell 38 is made as part of contact 32
Or between the contact 32 and the jacket material 14.
You can enter. In addition, feel the person receiving the drug,
Provide a device for gradually flowing current so as not to give a sense.
You can come. FIGS. 1 to 4 show the structure of the applicator 10.
And liquid crystal display (LCD) 50 incorporated in circuit
It is shown. The LCD 50 is a part of the applicator 10.
The display state changes only with a specified current. You
In other words, the completed circuit in which a constant current flows
The prescribed dose of the drug is transdermally administered to the user,
CD is optically displayed to positively display the drug administration status
I do. (1) Conductivity that causes shortage of constant current
Disconnection of the circuit where the lip may come off the skin surface,
(2) Battery exhaustion or its failure, or (3) Drug
In the case of exhaustion, the liquid crystal display on the LCD changes,
Notify the user that no other medication has been administered.
In this way, the user is given the drug properly
A clear and positive indication of whether or not
Can be Use if drug is not administered properly
One simply removes the device and installs a new one. new
The new LCD works as soon as it is installed properly.
You. In addition, instead of LCD, light emitting diode (LED)
Can also be used. With the display 50,
And the skin 18, the adhesive layer 36, the jacket 12, the battery 28,
Indicator 50, contacts 32 and 26, filled drug reservoir
24, film 22 complete circuit is formed by resistance Ref
You. In addition, as described later, in order to indicate a drug administration state.
Digital or analog programmable
A pewter display may be used. In this case, the skin
Failures such as missing contacts or weak batteries
In the case of tuning, the device may be audible or mechanical (vibration).
B) Give a warning to the patient. Referring to FIG. 5, another for display 50 is shown.
An enlarged cross-sectional view of Example 60 is shown. The indicator 50 is
It comprises upper and lower layers 61 and 62 of an electrically conductive polymer. Layer 61
And 62 are non-conductive polymer end caps (not shown)
At the same time, a medicine reservoir 63 is formed. The upper layer 61 is less
Either have one transparent part or are all transparent
You. A solution or gel 64 is stored in the medicine reservoir 63.
Containing an electrochemically conductive photoluminescent material
You. Further, one layer of silica fine particles 65 is stored in the medicine reservoir 63.
Disposed to form a non-conductive layer between layers 61 and 62.
You. Conductors 66 and 67 are connected to the battery and the connection, respectively.
Provided to complete point 24 and the circuit. Electrochemically phototropic or elemental
The trochromic material is caused by the passage of current through the material
Change color or appearance. The drug reservoir 63 has a transparent
Color change material visible to the user through the clear upper layer 61
Is satisfied. As a suitable electrochemical phototropic material
Granted, for example, to Ravally et al. On March 22, 1977
US Patent No. 4,013,414 issued to
There are ion change sensitive indicating dyes that have been shown. display
By providing 50 with a highly polar state,
The color change of the ion change-sensitive dye as described above is detected.
That informs the patient that the drug is being administered.
Let me. The color response or the light shining due to the change
Coloring and bending of chemical and dye materials, constant current of this device
Display by using to produce a change in rate
It can also act as a vessel. Suitable for the above dye materials
For example, Hoff et al.
United States Patent No. 4,36, granted February 7,
No. 2,645. The applicator 10 has various sizes in advance.
And formed into a shape and sealed in a plastic pouch.
And a protective lace is attached to the exposed side. Specific application examples
Various drugs can be incorporated into
The battery can be changed according to the amount of current flowing. Mochi
Of course, the electrical direction of each battery is determined by the drug.
Before using this device, remove the protective cord and
Data on the desired skin, such as behind the ear, or with mucous membranes.
Place in contact. When the applicator is placed in this way,
The flow flows and at the same time the movement of the drug is started. The applicator described herein may be used.
Depending on what was previously impossible or practical
Not for a long time with considerable control and accuracy
It became possible for the first time to perform drug treatment. This app
The cost of treatment using a cater
It is said that it can be treated economically by wide use
The effect can be sufficiently reduced. In addition, display
Has so far been obtained in drug dispensers that are inserted into the body.
Aggressive assurance to the user
You. On the other hand, a circuit configuration as shown in FIG.
The signal is fed back to the amplifier 94 in a loop.
A third electrode 86 may be provided. This third electrode 86
Is used as a control prog to sense the need for drug administration
Can be. Here, 76 is a microporous membrane, 78 is a drug reservoir, 8
2 is a battery, 87 is the surface of the third electrode 86, 90 'is
The skin 92 is an adhesive. Such an electrode or professional
The arm may be of any conventional type, for example ion-sensitive
Yes, in the body or in the blood to regulate certain drugs
A suitable enzyme on its surface 87 to detect the specific drug
It is fixed. This medicine can be used, for example,
Testing to determine the requirements for urine or a particular drug.
It can be any other element you want to put out. Thus, simply
The increased feedback generated by the pure feedback loop circuit
The width signal is used to achieve a requested drug delivery system.
Drug administration can be administered on request.
Thus, control can be performed to some extent. The enzyme used is
Can detect the concentration of certain drugs in the body you want to control.
Wear. Enzyme detection and detection of specific chemicals in the body
The charge and signal generated in the polar prog indicate that
To regulate to the desired level, the applicator battery
As much as necessary to provide control signals to the road.
You. Of course, the electrodes are used to measure the signal measured by the probe.
Certain semiconductors that receive, amplify and transmit and / or
It incorporates a field effect transistor. Alternatively, the electrode 86 is applied to the skin or mucous membrane
Body parameters that can be detected directly or indirectly in
Data may be detected. these
Examples of body parameters of skin temperature, skin conductivity
Rate, pulse rate, capillary dialysis (capilla)
ry dialization). Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG.
Alternatively, the structure of the applicator 100 is fixed to the skin 102.
Are shown. As shown in the figure,
Element 104A indicates the first electrode, and includes an air gap.
It is isolated and separated from the second electrode by a space. FIG.
The gap, as best shown in
Can be made from impermeable non-conductive materials such as
A "weir" 106 is shown as appropriate. Weir 106
Such barriers or electrode failures are maintained while maintaining pole separation.
Sweat or other material that collects under or adjacent to the wall means
Eliminates any "short circuit" effects between the electrodes that can be caused by moisture
A seal against the skin so that it can be removed
You. Element 108 is a wrapping material similar to jacket 12 of FIGS.
It is. However, this wrapping material can be
110 and a constant current device 112 connected in series (this is a constant current
Current diode can be used as appropriate).
Lead wires or conductors on the first and second electrodes respectively.
A separate conductive terminal or film element 11 to be disposed
4A and 114B.
Need not be. Preferred elements include carbonized plastic.
Foil or other conductive film such as metallized mylar
Can be made from [0025] Along the bottoms of the first and second electrodes
The membrane 116 is optional, such as the element 22 of FIGS.
And has adhesive and, preferably, gel-like properties.
Consisting of a semi-permeable microporous membrane element. Weir 106 is preferred
Alternatively, the applicator device protrudes beyond membrane 116
To form an effective weir-like seal between the separation electrodes
A suitable impermeable insulating material formed as described above. this
Thus, the weir 106 is impermeable to drugs, water, etc.
As well as non-conductive. The drug matrix also comprises a drug reservoir
The second electrode 104B, which can be formed, is a microporous lower membrane.
116 and the conductive element 114B. Applique
A low-concentration electrolyte solution is placed on the first electrode of the
No suitable drug matrix or reservoir 118
Porous membrane 116 and preferably another semipermeable upper membrane 20
Between the other (upper) high concentration drug matrix
Alternatively, a medicine reservoir 122 is formed. The first electrode of the patch
The above configuration helps in optimal drug administration.
To maintain a predetermined gradient of concentration and desired pH.
Becomes easier. FIG. 9 shows an electrical outline of the related art.
The number 124 is generated by the power source or the battery 110.
The resulting current flow is indicated by phantom lines. In addition, this figure
All "active" electrodes or drugs with similar internal structure
Yet another application consisting of three separate electrodes that are reservoirs
3 schematically shows the data structure or modification, with three electrodes
Identified by the letters 126A, 126B and 126C.
You. For example, the skin 1 coming out of the medicine reservoir 126A
Reference arrow A leading to 02 transdermally administers the drug by electroosmosis
Used to supply. On the other hand, drug reservoirs 126B and
Reference arrows that come out of C and 126C and reach skin 102, respectively.
B and C are positive ions by iontophoresis or electrophoresis.
Used to deliver percutaneously and negative ions, respectively.
Can be Related art devices include electroosmosis, electrophoresis and electrophoresis.
For drug delivery through the skin, such as by iontophoresis and iontophoresis
Use some or all of the electrokinetic phenomena
be able to. Electroosmosis distributes liquid from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.
Such mass transfer processes are based on drug concentration levels.
It should also be recognized that
You. On the other hand, iontophoresis can be performed on either positive or negative electrodes.
Occurs, and generally at low concentrations and with controlled pH.
Requires high dilution. Therefore, as described above, FIGS.
Although the electrode structure is shown, the same structure is used on both sides.
And therefore, as shown, the left
In contrast to the poles and the active electrode on the right, both sides and
Also consist of "active" electrodes. Such applications
According to the data structure, one or both sides of the patch are on one side of the patch
Provides the iontophoretic drug, and the other side electrophoretically transfers the drug.
Can be provided. In addition, several electrokinetic phenomena
Electrical / chemical so that they occur simultaneously or sequentially at the same electrode
Can be configured and arranged. Dress
The passage of electrical current to the
Because both cause physical and chemical changes,
These changes may lead to one electrokinetic mechanism of drug delivery.
Forbidden or inactive and activate the other electrokinetic phenomenon
Can be Such physical and chemical changes
Changes the drug delivery rate in a time-dependent manner without changing the current.
Can be used to change As clearly shown in FIG.
Can be manufactured to the same size and / or shape for convenience.
It is the same size (or same shape)
No need. Similarly, the bottom peripheral element 128 is
Adhesive sheet around the periphery of the applicator, similar to element 34
These electrodes and
The applicator structure is actually similar to the device of FIGS.
A real “edge” area or skin electrode
I don't see it. Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
You. Unexplained parts are the same as the related technologies described above.
Make the same configuration. This applicator is shown in FIG.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view, and FIG.
Attach a strap to the patient's body, shown as neck 132
Computer shown or attached like a bracelet
Integrated into the integrated control and mounting system 130
ing. Show the invention upside down for clarity
Figure 10 contains three parts: extended
Drug applicator 134; system control and power requirements
Watch body 136 containing element; and holding system
Attach the strap, especially on the pair of sides of the watch body 136
String buckle 138 and string buckle fastening
Part 140. Applicator 134 is a drug to be explained
Part of the drug applicator system. Applicator 13
4 is the bottom side of the watch body 136 and the string buckle 1
38 and the strap buckle stopper 140 at the bottom side.
Remove covering backing sheet 142 from above cater 134
Removable by the adhesive layer 141 exposed by the
Supplied. The bottom side of the applicator 134 is shown in FIG.
It adheres to the patient's skin 144 as closely as possible. Applique
The watch 134 is formed in the shape of a watch main body 136 and its string.
ing. As shown in FIG. 12, the string buckle portion 138
Is a tongue 1 connected to the buckle 146 and the end of the buckle part.
48 and the tongue 148 is
It is adapted to be inserted into one of a series of holes 150.
12 and 13 show digital readout of time
A liquid crystal display (LCD) 152 is shown. FIGS. 12 and 13 show the watch main body 136 and
4 shows the internal shape of the applicator 134. Watch body 136
The inside of is described first. The watch casing 154
A display window 156 located at the top of the main body 136;
The watch body 136 is wrapped except for the other holes described later.
You. The upward pointing liquid crystal display (LCD) 152
The top layer of the watch body 136 just below the window 156
Occupy, the computer component 158 is
Occupy the layer below. Computer component 158 includes:
Make special program instructions related to the transdermal application of drugs.
Computer configuration of the hardware
Element is included. Buttons 174 and 176 are
The sides of the watch body 136 that join to the side where the parts are joined
Buttons 178 and 180 are on opposite sides
Attached to. Buttons 174, 176, 178, 1
80 constitutes a switch means, a computer component
158 is controlled.
You. That is, buttons 174, 176, 178 and / or 1
Reference numeral 80 denotes a case where the medicine reservoirs 186A and 186B described later are
Computer 158 when installed below the computer 1
Activate the program in 58 to allow the drug to flow into the body.
The above current flow is created. FIG.
Control button 1 intended to receive two forks
Shown is the arrangement of holes 160 adjacent to 74 and 176. Step
The lug 162 is a pre-pro
It is coupled to a gram system (not shown). clock
Of the computer component layer 158
Located just below. Applicator battery 1
66 is located on the layer immediately below the watch battery. Ap
The locator battery 166 is associated with the reservoir 134.
Drug applicator being tightened and about to explain
• Provides power to operate the system. feed
The back electrode 168 (the feed electrode described above with reference to FIG. 8)
The back or electrode 86) (as in the back of the applicator)
Right below the battery 166 and in the center of the watch body 136
Will be arranged. Hole formed in the bottom of the watch casing 154
, The electrode of the applicator to the battery 166
Contact access is given. As shown in FIG. 13, the drug applicator is
Opposing positive and negative applicator patches 182A and 1
82B, each of which, as shown,
The method described on the positive and negative sides of the battery 166 of the predicator.
Are electrically connected to each other,
Perform pole functions. As best shown in FIG.
In addition, two separate positive and negative drug reservoirs 186A and 186
B is the applicator patch 18 of the applicator 134
2A and 182B.
Patch 182A and 182B
It has a buckle part 138 and a string buckle stopper part 140.
You. Non-conductive neutral part in the middle of the applicator 134
190 includes applicator patches 182A and 182B
Are separated. Positive and negative reservoirs 186A and 186B
Are the upper layers of one or more specific drugs, respectively.
One or more of the same drugs as 192A and 192B
There are concentration underlayers 194 and 194. Drug reservoir 186A
And 186B may each contain a different drug
Alternatively, they may each contain the same drug. Also, drugs
Only one of the drug reservoirs 186A or 186B
And on the other hand non-drug properties that act as electrodes of opposite charge
May be accommodated. The upper layers 192A and 192B
The lower layers are respectively formed by semipermeable membranes 196A and 196B.
194A and 194B. Application
The lower portions of the patches 182A and 182B are shown in FIG.
And microporous, similar to membrane 22 described above with respect to FIG.
Semipermeable membranes 198A and 198B, through which
Thus, the drug moves and is absorbed through the skin 144. Flexible conductive layers 200A and 200B
Are positive and negative drug reservoirs 186A and 186B, respectively.
And a programmable controller or computer
158 extending between the positive and negative terminals. Conductive layer 200A
And 200B are each preferably a lower layer 194
A and 194B are located approximately in the middle of the
Neutral from positive and negative electrode positions from 186A and 186B
Alternatively, it extends to the central portion 190. In neutral section 190
The highly conductive connectors 204A and 204B are
The wire 20 embedded in the top of the watch casing 154
6A and 206B, the mesh layer 200A and
Connect the inner end of 200B to the positive and negative terminals of computer 158
I do. The applicator system includes a negative reservoir.
186B contains a negative ion drug and a positive drug reservoir 18
In 6A, a positive ion drug acting by electroosmosis or
Neutral ionic drugs can be accommodated. Conductive layer 20
0A and 200B preferably exit from the fabric
Conductive carbon fibers woven with conductive hair trichomes
It is made of fiber. Alternatively, the flexible layer 200A and
200B is a flexible conductive material with conductive carbon particles added.
Made from sex strands. Applicator battery
166, one terminal of the computer 158,
Layer 200A, membrane 196A, drug reservoir 186A, patient
Skin 144, drug reservoir 186B, membrane 196B, conductive
Mesh layer 200B, connector 204B, conductor 206
B, the other end of the computer 158 and the battery 166
The electrical circuit leading to the child is thus formed. Ba
Between the batteries 164 and 166 and the computer 158
Are not shown for simplicity of illustration. Negative
A negatively ionized drug is supplied to the drug reservoir 186B.
And the iontophoresis causes the drug to
It is repelled by the skin 144. Positive drug reservoir 186A was positively ionized.
When the drug is supplied, the drug is
It is repelled through the patient's skin 144 from the positive side. There
Is the positive drug reservoir 186A,
Provide a neutral drug so that the drug migrates into the patient's skin 144.
You can also pay. The impermeable sealing layers 202A and 202
B represent high concentrations of reservoir drugs 192A and 192, respectively.
Applicator patch 18 to partially wrap 2B
2A and 182B top and outside and edge (FIG. 13)
Extend not shown). Layers 202A and 2
02B is a non-conductive central portion 190 and a semi-permeable bottom film 19;
8A and 198B, and a drug reservoir 186A and
Completely wrap 186B. The adhesive layer 141 is formed of an adhesive (shown in FIG.
Is not connected to the seal layers 202A and 202B.
The strap covering part is fixed on the upper side of the neutral part 190.
138 and 140 and the underside of the watch casing 154
Are fixed. Watch body 136 and strap 138
And 140 allow the watch body 136 to be reusable
Finally, it can be removed from the applicator 134. Third or feedback detector 16
8 is, as best shown schematically in FIG.
It is in electrical contact with computer 158. In FIG.
As can be seen, leads 208A and 208B are
Replace applicator patches 182A and 182B with batteries.
166 and the computer 158 (in FIG.
Integrator 210 and programmable controller 212
Are electrically connected to the respective positive and negative sides. Lead
Line 216 programs the third feedback detector 168.
Connect to ramble controller 212. Power or
Current from battery 166 is applied to lead 208A,
Locator patch 182A, skin 144, applicator
・ Patch 182B, lead wire 208B, programmable
The controller 212 and the battery
Return to Teri 166. Detector 168 is a skin control unit 218
And have. Contact layer 218 detects patient skin changes
A pH sensor or an ion sensitive electrode
Good. Layer 218 sends the detected change to third electrode 168.
Chemical or physical surface of the skin 144
Target change can be detected. The third electrode 168 is
Control signal via lead 216
This is fed back to the controller 212. Detect drug request
Knowing this request, the programmable controller 212
Is the primary function of the feedback detector 168.
Function. Detector 168 is preferably ion sensitive
And the layer 218 is regulated in the body or in the blood
It is possible to provide an appropriate enzyme to detect a specific drug to be used.
Wear. Sugar and insulin are typical for regulation
It is an example of a typical medicine. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
You. Unexplained parts are the same as the related technologies described above.
Make the same configuration. FIG. 15 is an exploded view showing the outline of the configuration.
It is a perspective view. FIG. 15 shows a refillable applicator or
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention in which a patch is arranged in the watch body.
You. Patch reservoirs can be refilled or
Is a drug car for disposal that can be placed inside the watch body
It may be part of a bridge. The applicator system 340 includes an LC
A watch body 342 having a D343,
Similar computer 158 and computer battery
Computer assembly and co
And a computer battery (both not shown)
It is. The watch body 342 is shown as a cylindrical shape for the sake of explanation.
But any other shape, such as mentioned earlier
May be square or rectangular. Drug reservoir 3
44 includes a microporous membrane 348 that contacts the skin 350 of the patient.
Have. The medicine stored in the medicine reservoir 344 is
Through the skin 350 of the individual. Drug reservoir 344
Can be formed in various shapes. Drug reservoir 34
4 extends outwardly in contact with the jacket 352 and the skin 350.
Existing circular lower edge or conductive flange 35
And 4. The applicator battery 356 is
Disposed within the watch body 342 over the drug reservoir 344;
You. The applicator battery 356 is mounted upside down
And bottom electrical contact layers 358 and 360. Of FIG.
Under the outer edge of the flange portion 354, such as the adhesive 36
A conductive adhesive layer (not shown) is indicated by phantom line 364
The current being applied is a semipermeable drug reservoir membrane 348, skin 350
And flow from the flange 354.
You. Of course, in this embodiment of the invention, the drug delivery
In a similar way to control the
Bull computer (not shown) and current regulating means
May be used. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
In addition, the "hat-shaped with hat" assembly is attached to the bottom of the watch body 342.
Can be removed in cartridge form. Franc
The hook 354 is used when the watch is attached to the watch body during use.
The bottom wall of the meter main body 342. The current 364 causes the film 348 to
Flows on placement on skin 350 Drug cartridge
Is like a claw provided around the flange portion 354, for example.
By various means or snap-on connectors
Thereby, it can be appropriately fixed to the timepiece body. String 3
66 and 368 are connected to the watch body 342 as shown.
Can be physical, attach to watch body separately
Can also. Extends upward from the top wall of the drug reservoir 344
The switch means 369 matches with the plurality of recesses of the watch body.
The drug reservoir 344 is connected to the computer 158.
When installed under the computer,
Actuate the gram to create the current flow described above. Sui
The position of the latch means 369 is stored in the medicine reservoir 344.
Is predetermined by the type of drug. Or,
A conductive bar appropriately provided in front of the medicine reservoir 344;
Using the code 371, the medicine stored in the medicine reservoir
So you can activate the programmed response
You. Other fruits for refilling the drug from the drug reservoir
In the embodiment, as shown by a virtual line in FIG.
Includes an elongated fill tube 370. Upper surface 372
Has an LCD 343. The filling tube 370 is
Hold refill of depleted drug in drug reservoir 344
Can be penetrated by the needle of the syringe 378 shown in phantom lines
Self-sealing ties made of rubber or similar material
It has a top cover 376 of the pump. The programmable computer included in the watch body
One example of a monitoring device that can be combined with a
It may be a measuring device. Such devices, for example,
The Yoga watch uses LEDs and LEDs to measure your heart rate (pulse)
Use a phototransistor to measure the skin temperature.
It is well known that a mister can be used.
Yes, it's old. Light emitting diode (LED),
Vertical light tube formed in the neutral part 190 of the predicator
On the watch body. Tube bottom opening
Is in direct contact with the patient's skin and the light reflected from the skin is
The change in reflected light is measured by a cell (not shown)
Used to calculate beats. The mounting means is not limited to the following structure.
However, it can take any appropriate configuration including this.
Wear. I.e. headband, arm or leg bang
, Bracelet or watch strap, body belt, etc.
it can. The applicator is between the mounting means and the skin or mucous membrane
Other configurations include vaginal or human body cavities
There is a tampon insert or similar device used for
You. According to such a configuration, the applicator means is
A-like element (this may include some of the elements of the device)
May be detachably or permanently attached to the
The applicator means itself is actually arranged around the core
Or it may be wrapped. As described above, according to the present invention, transdermal
According to the drug applicator, the drug dispensing
Computer means with a program
Automatically administers the optimal amount at the optimal time according to the drug
can do.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a transdermal drug applicator according to the related art. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, showing the transdermal drug applicator attached to the skin. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electric circuit incorporated in the transdermal drug applicator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 4 is another example of the circuit shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of another example of the display. FIG. 6 is an electrical schematic of a circuit implementing a third or feedback electrode and applicator. FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of another drug applicator embodying electrodes arranged side-by-side and isolated. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is an electrical schematic diagram illustrating a circuit implementing three active electrodes, such as the active electrode structure shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective bottom view of the timer and the mounting system of the drug applicator according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the timer and mounting system shown in FIG. 10 mounted on a patient's wrist. FIG. 12 is a view taken along the line 14-14 in FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is a view taken along the line 15-14 in FIG. 12; FIG. 14 is a schematic electric circuit of the example shown in FIGS. 10 to 13; FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a watch body with a replaceable applicator having another refillable medicine reservoir shown in phantom, according to one embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYMBOLS 10 Applicator 12 Jacket 14 Raised portion 16 Edge 18 Skin 22 Semi-permeable membrane 24 Drug reservoir 26 Contact 28 Battery 32 Contact 36 Adhesive layer 38 Cell 50 LCD 60 Display 61 Layer 62 Layer 63 Drug reservoir 64 Gel 66 Conductor 67 Conductor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Sanford Rosen 10028 New York East 86th Street 64, New York, United States 64 (56) References JP-A-60-60860 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A61N 1/30

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A transdermal drug applicator that can be replenished with at least one drug through the skin, wherein the drug is replenished to the body for delivering at least one drug into the bloodstream through the skin, comprising: A reusable assembly having a computer component for controlling the movement of the drug applicator, the computer component movably disposed on the living body; the computer component providing electrical energy to the drug applicator. A drug reservoir comprising a power supply for passing an electrical current to a given skin; a drug reservoir containing at least one drug, the drug cartridge having a relocatable drug reservoir relocatable below the computer component. Said drug reservoir is provided when said drug reservoir is provided below said computer component; A permeable surface for contacting the skin of the living body; flowing from the computer component through the drug reservoir and the skin of the living body when the drug reservoir is provided below the computer component; A switch means for creating a current flow; 2. The transdermal drug applicator of claim 1, wherein the computer component is located in a wristwatch housing. 3. The transdermal drug applicator of claim 1, wherein the computer component comprises a programmable computer. 4. The transdermal drug applicator of claim 1, wherein the drug reservoir has a permeable membrane that contacts the patient's skin. 5. The drug reservoir has a filling tube, the computer component has a hole for inserting the filling tube, and the filling tube has, at its outer end, a syringe for refilling the drug into the drug reservoir. 2. The transdermal drug applicator of claim 1, wherein the transdermal drug applicator has a pierceable self-seal that allows the drug reservoir to be refilled by being ruptured for introduction. 6. The reusable assembly and the medication cartridge form a pair, and the medication cartridge is positioned to lie below the computer component of the reusable assembly.
A transdermal drug applicator as described.