JP2791861B2 - Current collector horn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has an object to reduce aerodynamic noise generated from a horn of a pantograph or other current collecting device installed on a roof of a railway vehicle.
The present invention relates to an improved vehicle capable of coping with a high-speed traveling of 300 km / h or more.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as a current collector installed on a roof of a railway vehicle for taking in current from a trolley wire, a sliding plate 21 which comes into contact with the trolley wire as shown in FIG. A current collector 20 having a pantograph-type structure in which a mounted current collector 22 is supported by a link mechanism 23 having a rhombic shape so as to be able to move up and down.

As shown in FIG. 25, a current collector boat 32 having a sliding plate 31 in contact with a trolley wire is mounted on an upper surface thereof, and a columnar support portion 33 for supporting the current collector boat 32 is adapted to cope with high-speed traveling. A low-aerodynamic sound-type current collector 30 configured as follows.

[0004]

By the way, in both of the current collectors 20, 30, the horns 24, 34 which are normally curved downward are provided on both sides of the sliding plates 21, 31.
Are mounted so as to protrude to the side. Horn 24,
Reference numeral 34 is required to guide a crossover provided above a branch point (point switching point) of the track, but since it protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle, it is from here. The generated aerodynamic noise is loud and contributes to railway noise.

Since the main component of the noise generated by the horn is considered to be in the Eors sound due to the generation of the Karman vortex, it is considered that the aerodynamic noise can be reduced by suppressing the generation of the Karman vortex by some means. Can be Therefore, conventionally, a method of forming rectangular shallow cutouts at appropriate intervals on the lower surface of the horn (see FIG. 3), a method of fixing a large number of wires to the lower half surface of the horn at short intervals by welding or the like (see FIG. 4), etc. To reduce the aerodynamic noise,
At present, it has not achieved sufficient results.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of improving the noise derived from a horn when a vehicle is running. That is, an air passage penetrating substantially in parallel is formed.

[0007]

The horn according to the present invention has a clear aerodynamic sound as compared with the conventional horn (see FIG. 5) and the conventional improved horn (see FIGS. 3 and 4), as proved by a wind tunnel experiment described later. Demonstrates the effect of reducing It is presumed that this is because the formation of the ventilation path in the horn suppresses the generation of Karman vortices formed on the rear side of the horn with respect to the traveling direction during traveling of the vehicle. However, the details of the mechanism are unknown.

[0008]

【Example】

[Embodiment 1] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a horn according to the present invention, wherein (A) is a front view, (B) is a bottom view,
FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along line (A) and (B) of FIG. Horn H ₁ shown in the figure, there is fabricated a curved rod-shaped with a relatively lightweight metal such as aluminum, cross-section is circular, the tip portion 1 is formed in a spherical shape. Dimensions, cross-sectional diameter of about 27 mm, the protruding length _{s 1} from mounting base 2 to the side of about 525 mm, hanging length _{t 1} to the tip portion 1 from the mounting base 2 is set to about 259mm .

[0009] The present invention horn H ₁ is characterized in that the vent hole 3 penetrating the side surface is formed a number. The ventilation hole 3 has a hole diameter of about 5 mm and a drilling interval of about 15 mm.

[Wind Tunnel Experiment 1] In order to confirm the effect of reducing the aerodynamic noise of the horn according to the present invention, a wind tunnel experiment was conducted in the manner described below. The specimen, using the present invention horn H ₁ shown in FIG. 1, as a comparative example, by padding 9 each vent 3 as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) (B) the air passage at both ends The two openings 3a having a width of about 1 mm are reduced (Reference Example H ₂ ). As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, cutouts 4 having a width of 35 mm and a depth of 6 mm are formed on the lower surface at intervals of 35 mm. formed ones (conventional refinement _H 3), FIG. 4 (a) the wire 5 diameter of about 3mm below half as (B) obtained by fixing at 7.5mm intervals (conventional refinement _{H 4)} and Figure 5 those basic mode with no added processing shown at all (conventional horn H ₅₎
Was used.

As shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B), the method of measuring the aerodynamic noise is almost the same as when the sample horn H is attached to the fixing jig 11 provided at the upper ends of the columns 10 and 10 to the current collector. A distance d from the wind tunnel opening 12 to the horn H having a length of a = 400 mm and a width of b = 480 mm is fixed while being fixed in the same state.
From the lower edge 12a of the wind tunnel opening 12
Is set so that the height c to the upper end surface h is 340 mm. And 300k / h from the wind tunnel entrance 12 of the blower 12
m wind to Horn H, wind tunnel 12 to the side of Horn H
The aerodynamic noise is measured by the microphone 14 placed at a position 2000 mm away from the central axis.

The experimental results are shown in Table 1 and the graphs in FIGS. Table 1 shows the values (unit: dB) obtained by measuring the aerodynamic sound generation level in the frequency range of 25 to 10 kHz for each one-third octave band, and the graphs created based on Table 1 are shown in FIGS. It is. In addition,
FIG. 7 shows the horn H ₁ (□) of the present invention and the conventional horn H ₅ (●).
Comparison with FIG. 8 Reference Example H _{2 (△)} and compared with the conventional horn H _5, 9 example improved conventional to form a notch H _{3 (▲)}
When compared with the conventional horn H _5, FIG. 10 is shown a comparison of another conventional refinement H ₄ which is fixed to the wire and _(▲ black square ▼) and conventional horn H _5. The vertical axis of the graph is the aerodynamic sound level (unit: dB), and the horizontal axis is one-third octave band frequency (unit: Hz).

[0013]

[Table 1]

As can be easily understood from these graphs, the level of the aerodynamic noise generated from the horn according to the present invention is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional horn. In particular, since the level drop in a harsh and high frequency region is remarkable, the user feels that the noise is reduced in terms of hearing more than the actual measurement value.

[0015] In contrast, from the graph of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, any of the conventionally improved example H ₃ and H _4, it can be seen that the improvement of the noise is not significantly achieved.

[0016] Note that the graph of FIG. 8, when the horn H ₂ was reduced much the opening area of the vent hole 3 formed in the horn consists of reducing the effects of aerodynamic noise can not be exhibited, not performed substantial ventilation It is supposed to be.

[Embodiment 2] In addition to the above, the shape of the horn may be the one shown in FIG. This horn H
_As shown in FIG. 6C, which is a cross-sectional view taken along line (b)-(b) of FIG. To describe the dimensional relationship of the horn H _6,
A long circular cross section width 35 mm, thickness 16 mm, the protruding length _{s 2} of about 600mm from the mounting base 2 to the side, hanging length _{t 2} to the tip portion 1 from the mounting base 2 is approximately 259
mm. In addition, a ventilation hole 3 penetrating the side surface
Has a hole diameter of about 5 mm and an interval of perforations of about 15 mm.

[Wind Tunnel Test 2] An experiment for confirming the aerodynamic noise reduction effect of the horn according to the second embodiment was performed in the same manner as in the wind tunnel test 1 described above. The test piece is shown in FIG.
The horn H _{6 of} the present invention shown in FIG.
The air holes 3 shown in FIG.
The horn H ₇ in which the distance between the horns is doubled (30 mm) and the number of horns is reduced to about half, and as a comparative example, the horn H ₇ shown in FIG.
The opening 9 is reduced to two holes 3a having a width of about 1 mm by using the same padding 9 as in Example ₈ (Reference Example H8). As shown in FIG. 14, a notch 4 having a width of 35 mm and a depth of 6 mm is provided on the lower surface as shown in FIG. 35m
those formed with m intervals (conventional refinement _H 9), any processing shown in those fixing the wire 5 having a diameter of 3mm at 7.5mm intervals in lower half (conventional refinement _{H 10)} and 16 as shown in FIG. 15 Additionally not even those basic mode (conventional horn H ₁₁₎
Was used.

The experimental results are shown in Table 2 and the graphs in FIGS. Note that FIG. 17 is a comparison of the present invention horn _{H 6} and (□) compared with the conventional horn _{H 11} (●), 18 applications _{H 7} of the present invention the horn and (○) and conventional horn _{H 11,} FIG. 19 compared to the conventional horn _{H 11} reference example _{H 8} (△),
FIG. 20 shows a comparison between the conventional improved example H ₉ (▲) having a cutout portion and the conventional horn H _11, and FIG. 21 shows another conventional improved example H ₁₀ (▲ black square ▼) and a conventional horn H ₁₁ to which a wire is fixed. Is shown. The vertical axis of the graph is the aerodynamic sound level (unit: dB), and the horizontal axis is the third octave band frequency (unit: Hz), as in the graphs of FIGS.

[0020]

[Table 2]

[0021] While as will be readily appreciated from these graphs, are all by improvement of the noise in the reference example H ₈ and Conventional refinement H _9, H ₁₀ not sufficiently achieved,
Horn H ₆ according to the present invention exhibits excellent effects in reducing the aerodynamic noise. Not only that, even in the horn H ₇ minus the vents half an application example of the present invention, it can be seen that reduction of the aerodynamic sound is sufficiently fulfilled. In other words, if the hole diameter of the ventilation holes is secured to some extent, it can be said that the aerodynamic noise can be reduced even if the formation interval of the ventilation holes is set to be considerably large, and this also means that the strength of the horn is maintained. It is advantageous for

[Other Embodiments] The embodiments of the present invention can be variously modified. First, regarding the ventilation holes formed in the horn, the size, the number, the formation interval, and the like may be appropriately set based on the relationship between the size and the strength of the horn. Regarding also the shape, or not necessarily be circular, for example, as the horn H ₁₂ shown in FIG. 22, the vent holes 3 and oval, or although not shown as elliptical, mix them It is also possible to do.

In the above embodiment, the horn is made solid. However, as shown in FIG. 1D, the horn may have a hollow structure, and a ventilation pipe 3b may be attached to a place where a ventilation path is formed. Conceivable.

Further, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of, by laminating interposed a spacer 7, if integrated in a state spaced appropriate intervals, it is possible to configure the horn H ₁₃ with wide ventilation passage 8 opening areas . The vertical cross section with respect to the longitudinal direction of the horn H ₁₃ in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. (B), it is possible to say that it is substantially rectangular.

In addition, various applications are also conceivable for the basic shape of the horn. For example, the basic shape of the horn may be tapered from the mounting base to the tip, or the cross-sectional shape may be made elliptical. The present invention does not hinder various modifications according to the embodiments of the present invention, such as stainless steel, duralumin, etc., in addition to aluminum.

[0026]

As is apparent from the above description, the horn according to the present invention exerts an excellent effect of reducing aerodynamic noise, and therefore greatly contributes to the improvement of noise due to vehicle running. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a horn according to the present invention, in which (A) is a front view, (B) is a partially omitted bottom view,
(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line (a) ─ (a) of FIG.
(D) is a sectional view showing an embodiment in the case of a hollow structure.

2A and 2B show a reference example of a horn manufactured by modifying the horn of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a front view and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view.

3A and 3B show a conventional improved example, in which FIG. 3A is a front view, and FIG. 3B is a bottom view.

4A and 4B show an improved example of a different aspect of the related art, in which FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG. 4B is a partially omitted bottom view.

5A and 5B show a conventional horn, in which FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a bottom view.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a procedure of conducting a wind tunnel experiment for confirming the aerodynamic noise reduction effect of the present invention,
(A) is a front view of the experimental situation, and (B) is a plan view of the same situation.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, showing a comparison between the horn of the present invention (□) and the conventional horn (●).

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, in which a reference example horn (△) is compared with a conventional horn (●).

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, showing a comparison between a conventional improved example (▲) and a conventional horn (●).

FIG. 10 is a graph showing measurement results of aerodynamic sound levels, in which another conventional improved example (black square) and a conventional horn (●).
It is shown by comparing with.

11A and 11B show a second embodiment of the horn according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 11A is a front view, FIG. 11B is a bottom view partially omitted, and FIG. It is sectional drawing in the line)-(b).

FIG. 12 is a front view showing an application example of the horn of the present invention.

13A and 13B show a reference example horn manufactured by modifying the horn of the present invention, wherein FIG. 13A is a front view and FIG. 13B is a partially enlarged view.

14A and 14B show a conventional improved example, in which FIG. 14A is a front view and FIG. 14B is a bottom view.

15A and 15B show an improved example of a different aspect of the related art, in which FIG. 15A is a front view, and FIG. 15B is a bottom view partially omitted.

16A and 16B show a conventional horn, wherein FIG. 16A is a front view and FIG. 16B is a bottom view.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, showing a comparison between the horn of the present invention (□) and the conventional horn (●).

FIG. 18 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, in which an application example horn (○) of the present invention is compared with a conventional horn (●).

FIG. 19 is a graph showing measurement results of aerodynamic sound levels, comparing the reference example horn (△) with the conventional horn (●).

FIG. 20 is a graph showing a measurement result of an aerodynamic sound level, which shows a comparison between a conventional improved example (）) and a conventional horn (●).

FIG. 21 is a graph showing measurement results of aerodynamic sound levels, in which another conventional improved example (black square) and a conventional horn (●).
It is shown by comparing with.

FIGS. 22A and 22B show different embodiments of the horn according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 22A is a front view and FIG. 22B is a bottom view.

23A and 23B show still another embodiment of the horn according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 23A is a front view, and FIG. 23B is a cross-sectional view taken along line (C)-(C) of FIG. .

FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a conventional pantograph-type current collector.

FIG. 25 shows a conventional airfoil current collector,
(A) is a front view of a state where it is attached to the roof of a railway vehicle,
(B) is a plan view.

[Explanation of symbols]

H ₁ Horn of the present invention 1 Tip 2 Mounting base 3 Vent

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A horn provided on both sides of a sliding plate in a current collector installed on a roof of a railway vehicle, wherein a ventilation path penetrating substantially parallel to a traveling direction of the vehicle is formed. A horn for a current collector, wherein: 2. The horn according to claim 1, wherein the horn has a circular, oval, elliptical, or substantially rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.