JP2682729B2 - Refrigerant heating type air conditioner and starting method thereof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a refrigerant heating type air conditioner provided with a refrigerant heater having a combustion burner on the outdoor heat exchange side.

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional refrigerant heating type air conditioner (for example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-33817) has a structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 81 is a compressor, 82 is a four-way valve, 83 is an indoor heat exchanger, 84 is a pressure reducing mechanism, and 85 is an outdoor heat exchanger, which are annularly connected to form a refrigeration cycle. Reference numeral 86 is a refrigerant heater arranged in parallel in the refrigeration cycle via the first electromagnetic valve 87, and this refrigerant heater 86 is equipped with a heating source 86a such as a burner for heating the refrigerant. Reference numeral 88 is a second solenoid valve that controls the pressure reducing mechanism 84. 89 is a compressor 81
Is a third solenoid valve that controls the communication between the discharge pipe and the suction pipe.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the conventionally proposed refrigerant heating type air conditioner has the following problems. That is, in the configuration of FIG. 5, when the refrigerant heating operation is performed, the refrigerant is the compressor.
81, a four-way valve 82, an indoor heat exchanger 83, a first electromagnetic valve 87, a cycle of flowing into the refrigerant heater 86 and returning to the compressor 81, and compression from the compressor 81 through a third electromagnetic valve 89. It constitutes two cycles of the return to the aircraft 81. At this time, the second
Since the solenoid valve 88 of the
Do not pass 85. That is, during the refrigerant heating operation using the refrigerant heater 86, the first solenoid valve 87 is opened and the second solenoid valve 88 is closed.
The third solenoid valve 89 is opened to form a refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant does not flow into the outdoor heat exchanger 85. Here, when the refrigerant heating operation using the refrigerant heater 86 is started, the first solenoid valve 87 is opened at the same time as the start of the refrigerant heating operation, and the second solenoid valve is opened.
When 88 is closed and the third solenoid valve 89 is opened, the outdoor heat exchanger 85
The refrigerant accumulated in the pipes in the vicinity of it or in the vicinity of it is confined as it is, and as a result, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant heating operation is being performed is insufficient, and not only the prescribed refrigerant heating operation cannot be obtained. It causes a decrease in heating capacity and a sharp rise in temperature of some refrigerants. Therefore, when starting the refrigerant heating operation, the solenoid valves 87, 88,
It is necessary to perform a refrigerant recovery operation in which all 89 are closed for a certain period of time and the refrigerant that has accumulated in the outdoor heat exchanger 85 and the pipes in the vicinity thereof is recovered during a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant heating operation is performed. Therefore, there is a problem that the heating rise time is long.

Further, during the refrigerant heating operation, the heat source for heating is supplied by a heat source such as a burner, and the compressor 81 performs only the work of circulating the refrigerant. However, the compressor 81 has a problem that the electric input is high even when the compressor 81 is operated under a low load.

When a large amount of refrigerant gas is present around the refrigerant pump when the refrigerant pump is used at the time of heating start-up, the refrigerant pump has a small displacement volume, so it is difficult for the refrigerant pump to start circulating the refrigerant immediately. There was a problem. Further, if the refrigerant pump always sucks the refrigerant gas at the time of starting, there is a problem that the sliding portion is worn.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant heating type air conditioner that has better start-up characteristics and can reduce electric input.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the refrigerant heating type air conditioner of the present invention is at least a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger,
A pressure reducing mechanism, an indoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, and a refrigerant heater are provided, and the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant heater, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected in a ring by pipes, A first check valve that allows a refrigerant to flow only in a direction from the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger is provided in a part of a pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and A first solenoid valve is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant pump, and the refrigerant flows only in a direction from the refrigerant heater to the four-way valve in a part of a pipe connecting the refrigerant heater and the four-way valve. A second check valve for enabling
The check valve has an inlet side and an outlet side connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor via second and third electromagnetic valves, respectively, and the suction side of the compressor is connected to a fourth electromagnetic valve and A cooling circuit is configured by connecting to the pipe that connects the outdoor heat exchanger and the first electromagnetic valve through the four-way valve in sequence, and a third reverse valve that is opposite to the first check valve is formed. A stop valve and a pressure reducing mechanism connected in series with the third check valve are connected in parallel with the first check valve.

Furthermore, the present invention is, in the above-mentioned configuration, provided with a gas-liquid separator in the middle of a pipe connecting the first check valve and the outdoor heat exchanger,
The gas side outlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first electromagnetic valve are sequentially connected, and the liquid side outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the outdoor side by a pipe provided with a fifth electromagnetic valve. The heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve are connected to a pipe.

Further, the present invention is, in each of the above-described configurations, provided with a fourth check valve in parallel with the refrigerant pump to allow the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the outdoor heat exchanger to the refrigerant heater.

Furthermore, the starting method of the present invention, in each of the refrigerant heating type air conditioners, first starts using the compressor at the time of starting the refrigerant heating operation, starts the refrigerant pump at the time when the refrigeration cycle becomes stable, and operates both in parallel. Then, the second solenoid valve on the suction side of the compressor is closed to discharge the refrigerant inside the compressor, and then the third solenoid valve on the discharge side is closed to stop the compressor. The operation is switched to the operation of the refrigerant pump alone.

Effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention can improve the heating start-up characteristic by constantly using the outdoor heat exchanger as a subcooler even during the refrigerant heating operation and eliminating the need for the refrigerant recovery operation when the heat transfer operation is started. Further, by using the gas-liquid separator, the recovery of the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant pump can be well maintained, and it is possible to sufficiently cover the small refrigerant capacity, and the pressure loss caused by the liquid refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger. It can be eliminated, and by installing a check valve in the refrigerant pump,
The problem that the refrigerant pump always sucks the refrigerant gas at the time of starting and the sliding part is worn can be solved.

In addition, since the refrigerant is conveyed by the compressor only at the time of start-up and stable start-up is performed, and after the operation is stable, the operation is performed by the refrigerant pump of low electric input, so that inexpensive and comfortable heating performance can be obtained.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is a decompression mechanism, 5
Is an outdoor heat exchanger, 6 is a refrigerant heater, 7 is a refrigerant pump,
9,10 are the first, second and third check valves respectively 11,12,13,1
4 is the first, second, third and fourth solenoid valves,
The refrigerant pump 7, the refrigerant heater 6, the four-way valve 2, the indoor heat exchanger 3, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 are sequentially connected in an annular pipe, and further,
A first check valve 8 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the indoor heat exchanger 3 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is provided in a part of a pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Further, a first electromagnetic valve 11 is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the refrigerant pump 7, and the refrigerant heater 6 is connected to the four-way valve 2 in a part of a pipe connecting the refrigerant heater 6 and the four-way valve 2. Is provided with a second check valve 9 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction of, and the inlet side and the outlet side of the second check valve 9 are provided with second and third solenoid valves 12 and 13, respectively. Connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 1 via
Further, the suction side of the compressor 1 is connected to a pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the first solenoid valve 11 via the fourth solenoid valve 14 and the four-way valve 2 one after another to form a cooling circuit, The third check valve 10 opposite to the first check valve 8 and the pressure reducing mechanism 4 connected in series with the third check valve 8 are connected in parallel to the first check valve 8. ing.

Next, the operation of the refrigerant heating type air conditioner having this configuration will be described. At the start of refrigerant heating and heating, the first solenoid valve 11 is open, the second solenoid valve 12 is open, the third solenoid valve 13 is open, and the fourth solenoid valve 14 is closed. If the compressor 1 is started in this state, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 will be discharged by the third solenoid valve.
13, through the four-way valve 2, the indoor heat exchanger 3, the first check valve 8, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the first electromagnetic valve 11, the refrigerant pump 7, the refrigerant heater 6, the second electromagnetic valve 12 The circuit returning to the compressor 1 circulates. At this time, the refrigerant pump 7 is configured to allow the refrigerant to pass through it. The refrigerant heated in the refrigerant heater 6 by the burner or the like exchanges heat (heats) with the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 3, and most of the refrigerant is condensed. The refrigerant that could not be condensed is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and returns to the refrigerant heater 6. When the cycle becomes stable within a few minutes after starting, first the refrigerant pump 7 is started, the rotation speed of the refrigerant pump 7 is adjusted, the combined operation with the compressor 1 is performed, and then the operation of stopping the compressor 1 is performed. That is, the second solenoid valve 12 on the suction side of the compressor 1 is closed. Then, since the compressor 1 continues to operate, the refrigerant inside the compressor is discharged. After that, the third solenoid valve 13 on the discharge side of the compressor 1 is closed and at the same time the compressor 1 is stopped. Then, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pump 7 to the refrigerant heater 6, the second check valve 9, the four-way valve 2, the indoor heat exchanger 3, the first check valve 8, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and the first solenoid valve 11. Will be cycled sequentially. This eliminates the need for the refrigerant recovery operation and realizes a refrigerant heating and heating circuit with low electric input.

For cooling operation, the first solenoid valve 11 is closed, the second solenoid valve 12 is opened, the third solenoid valve 13 is opened, the fourth solenoid valve 14 is opened, and the four-way valve 2 is simply switched to the normal operation. Since the circuit configuration is the same as the circuit configuration, the description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 21 is a compressor, 22 is a four-way valve, 23 is an indoor heat exchanger, 24 is a decompression mechanism, and 25
Is an outdoor heat exchanger, 26 is a refrigerant heater, 27 is a refrigerant pump, 2
8,29,30,31 are the first, second, third and fourth check valves respectively, and 32,33,34,35 are the first, second, third and fourth solenoid valves respectively. , Refrigerant pump 27, refrigerant heater 26 and four-way valve 22
And the indoor heat exchanger 23 and the outdoor heat exchanger 25 are sequentially connected in an annular pipe, and further, the indoor heat exchanger 23 to the outdoor heat exchanger are connected to a part of the pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger 23 and the outdoor heat exchanger 25. A first check valve 28 that allows the flow of the refrigerant only in the direction toward 25 is provided, and further, a first check valve 28 is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 25 and the refrigerant pump 27.
And a second check valve for allowing the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the refrigerant heater 26 to the four-way valve 22 in a part of the pipe connecting the refrigerant heater 26 and the four-way valve 22. 29,
Further, the inlet side and outlet side of the second check valve 29 are connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 21 via the second and third electromagnetic valves 33 and 34, respectively, and the suction side of the compressor 21 is further connected. The fourth solenoid valve
The outdoor heat exchanger 25 and the first
To form a cooling circuit by connecting the solenoid valve 32 to a solenoid valve 32, and connected in series with the first check valve 28, a third check valve 30 in the opposite direction, and the third check valve. The pressure reducing mechanism 24 is connected in parallel to the first check valve 28, and further, the refrigerant is allowed to flow only in the direction from the outdoor heat exchanger 25 to the refrigerant heater 26.
The check valve 31 is provided in parallel with the refrigerant pump 27. The operation is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the refrigerant pump 27 does not suck the refrigerant gas, and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 41 is a compressor, 42 is a four-way valve, 43 is an indoor heat exchanger, 44 is a pressure reducing mechanism, and 45 is
Is an outdoor heat exchanger, 46 is a refrigerant heater, 47 is a refrigerant pump, 48
Is a gas-liquid separator, 49, 50 and 51 are first, second and third check valves respectively, and 53, 54, 55, 56 and 57 are first, second and third respectively.
The fourth and fifth solenoid valves, the refrigerant pump 47 and the refrigerant heater.
46, the four-way valve 42, the indoor heat exchanger 43, the gas-liquid separator 48, and the fifth electromagnetic valve 57 are sequentially connected in an annular pipe, and the gas-liquid separator is further connected.
The gas side outlet of 48 is connected to the pipe connecting the fifth solenoid valve 57 and the refrigerant pump 47 with the pipe having the outdoor heat exchanger 45 on the way.
Further, a first check valve 49 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in a direction from the indoor heat exchanger 43 to the gas-liquid separator 48 in a part of a pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger 43 and the gas-liquid separator 48. And a first electromagnetic valve 53 between the refrigerant pump 47 and the intersection of the outdoor heat exchanger 45 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 57, and the refrigerant heater.
A second check valve 50 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the refrigerant heater 46 to the four-way valve 42 is provided in a part of the pipe that connects the four-way valve 46 and the four-way valve 42, and the second check valve is further provided. Compressor 4 is provided on the inlet side and the outlet side of 50 through second and third solenoid valves 54 and 55, respectively.
The suction side of the compressor 41 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 41, and the suction side of the compressor 41 is sequentially passed through the fourth solenoid valve 56 and the four-way valve 42 to connect the outdoor heat exchanger 45 and the fifth solenoid valve 57 to each other. The first check valve is configured by connecting to a pipe connecting to the first solenoid valve 53 to form a cooling circuit.
The third check valve 51 and the depressurization mechanism 44 connected in series with the third check valve 51 are connected in parallel to the first check valve 49.

Next, the operation of the refrigerant heating type air conditioner having this configuration will be described. At the start of refrigerant heating and heating, the first solenoid valve 53 is open, the second solenoid valve 54 is open, the third solenoid valve 55 is open, the fourth solenoid valve 56 is closed, and the fifth solenoid valve 57 is open. It is said. When the compressor 41 is started in this state, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 causes the third electromagnetic valve 55, the four-way valve 42, the indoor heat exchanger 43, the first check valve 49, the gas-liquid separator 48, The circuit returning to the compressor 41 is circulated through the fifth electromagnetic valve 57, the outdoor heat exchanger 45, the first electromagnetic valve 53, the refrigerant pump 47, the refrigerant heater 46, and the second electromagnetic valve 54. At this time, the refrigerant pump 47 is configured to allow the refrigerant to pass through it. Refrigerant heater 46 by burner etc.
The refrigerant heated inside heat-exchanges (heats) with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 43, and most of it is condensed. The refrigerant in the state where the gas and the liquid are mixed enters the gas-liquid separator 48, and the gas-liquid is separated therein, the gas solvent is separated from the gas pipe above the gas-liquid separator 48, and the liquid refrigerant is separated into the gas-liquid. It comes out of the liquid pipe at the bottom of the container 48. The gas refrigerant is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 45, merges with the liquid refrigerant coming from the liquid pipe of the gas-liquid separator 48 to the fifth electromagnetic valve 57, and passes through the refrigerant pump 47 to the refrigerant heater 46. Come back. When the cycle becomes stable within a few minutes after starting, first the refrigerant pump 47 is started, the rotation speed of the refrigerant pump 47 is adjusted, the combined operation with the compressor 41 is performed, and then the operation of stopping the compressor 41 is performed. That is, the second solenoid valve 54 on the suction side of the compressor 41 is closed. Then, the compressor 41 discharges the refrigerant inside the compressor because it continues to operate. After that, the third solenoid valve 55 on the discharge side of the compressor 41 is closed, and at the same time, the compressor 41 is stopped. Then, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pump 47 to the refrigerant heater 46, the second check valve 50, the four-way valve 42, the indoor heat exchanger 43, the first check valve 49, the gas-liquid separator 48, the outdoor heat exchanger 45, and The circuit including the fifth solenoid valve 57 and the first solenoid valve 53 is circulated. This eliminates the need for the refrigerant recovery operation and realizes a refrigerant heating and heating circuit with low electric input. Also, gas-liquid separator
Due to 48, the recovery of the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant pump 47 can be favorably maintained, a small solvent capacity can be sufficiently covered, and the pressure loss due to the liquid refrigerant all flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 45 can be eliminated.

Regarding the cooling operation, the first solenoid valve 53 is closed, the second solenoid valve 54 is opened, the third solenoid valve 55 is opened, the fourth solenoid valve 56 is opened,
Since the fifth circuit is the same as the normal circuit configuration only by closing the fifth solenoid valve 57 and switching the four-way valve 42, the description is omitted.

FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 61 is a compressor, 62 is a four-way valve, 63 is an indoor heat exchanger, 64 is a decompression mechanism, and 65
Is an outdoor heat exchanger, 66 is a refrigerant heater, 67 is a refrigerant pump, 68
Is a gas-liquid separator, 69, 70, 71 and 72 are first, second, third and fourth check valves respectively, and 73, 74, 75, 76 and 77 are respectively first, second and third , A fourth and a fifth solenoid valve, a refrigerant pump 67, a refrigerant heater 66, a four-way valve 62, an indoor heat exchanger 63, and a gas-liquid separator.
68 and the fifth solenoid valve 77 are sequentially connected in an annular pipe connection.
The gas side outlet of the gas-liquid separator 68 is connected to the pipe connecting the fifth solenoid valve 77 and the refrigerant pump 67 with a pipe having an outdoor heat exchanger 65 on the way, and further the indoor heat exchanger 63 and the gas-liquid separator are connected. A first check valve 69 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the indoor heat exchanger 63 to the gas-liquid separator 68 is provided in a part of the pipe that connects the vessel 68, and the indoor heat exchanger 65 and The first electromagnetic valve 73 is provided between the intersection of the fifth electromagnetic valve 77 and the refrigerant pump 67, and the refrigerant heater is provided in a part of the pipe connecting the refrigerant heater 66 and the four-way valve 62.
A second check valve 70 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the 66 to the four-way valve 62 is provided. Further, the inlet side and the outlet side of the second check valve 70 are provided with second and third sides, respectively. Connected to the suction side and discharge side of the compressor 61 via solenoid valves 74 and 75,
For cooling, the suction side of is connected to the pipe connecting the intersection of the outdoor heat exchanger 65 and the fifth solenoid valve 77 and the first solenoid valve 73 through the fourth solenoid valve 76 and the four-way valve 62 in sequence. A third check valve 71, which constitutes a circuit and is opposite to the first check valve 69, and the third check valve 71.
Of the pressure reducing mechanism 64 connected in series with the check valve of the first check valve 69.
And a fourth check valve 72 that allows the refrigerant to flow only from the first electromagnetic valve 73 to the refrigerant heater 66 in parallel with the refrigerant pump 67. The operation is the same as that of the third embodiment, so the explanation is omitted.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, the refrigerant recovery operation at the time of starting the heat transfer operation is not required to improve the heating start-up characteristic, and the transfer of the refrigerant is performed by the compressor only at the time of start-up for stable start-up. After measuring and stabilizing, a low electric input refrigerant pump can provide inexpensive and comfortable heating performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 are refrigerant circuit diagrams of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing the first, second, third, and fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner showing a conventional example. 1,21,41,61 …… Compressor, 2,22,42,62 …… Four-way valve, 3,23,4
3,63 …… Indoor heat exchanger, 4,24,44,64 …… Decompression mechanism, 5,2
5,45,65 …… Outdoor heat exchanger, 6,26,46,66 …… Refrigerant heater, 7,27,47,67 …… Refrigerant pump, 48,68 …… Gas-liquid separator.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducing mechanism, an indoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, a refrigerant heater, the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant heater, the four-way valve, and the indoor heat. The exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected to each other in a circular pipe, and a part of the pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger is provided only in the direction from the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger. A first check valve for allowing the flow of refrigerant is provided, a first electromagnetic valve is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant pump, and a part of a pipe connecting the refrigerant heater and the four-way valve. Is provided with a second check valve that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the refrigerant heater to the four-way valve, and an inlet side and an outlet side of the second check valve are second and third, respectively. Is connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor via the solenoid valve of Side via the fourth solenoid valve and the four-way valve sequentially, and a circuit for cooling by connecting to a pipe connecting the said outdoor heat exchanger of the first solenoid valve, said first
Refrigerant heating type air conditioner in which a third check valve in the opposite direction to the check valve and a pressure reducing mechanism connected in series with the third check valve are connected in parallel to the first check valve. 2. A gas-liquid separator is provided in the middle of a pipe connecting the first check valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the gas-side outlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first solenoid valve are connected. The liquid-side outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve by a pipe having a fifth solenoid valve in the middle. Refrigerant heating type air conditioner. 3. The air-cooling type heating air according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth check valve provided in parallel with the refrigerant pump to allow the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the outdoor heat exchanger to the refrigerant heater. Harmony machine. 4. The refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the refrigerant heating operation is started, first the compressor is started and the refrigeration cycle is stabilized. After the process of operating the refrigerant pump and operating both in parallel, the second electromagnetic valve on the suction side of the compressor is closed to discharge the refrigerant inside the compressor, and then the third on the discharge side.
A method for starting a refrigerant heating type air conditioner in which the solenoid valve is closed, the compressor is stopped, and the operation of the refrigerant pump alone is switched to.