JP2636187B2 - Polysaccharide-clay complex and its production method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polysaccharide / clay complex and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polysaccharide / clay composite useful as a packaging material, a packaging material, an agricultural material, or the like in consideration of global environmental conservation, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a packaging material, a packaging material, or an agricultural material, styrene foam (polystyrene),
Plastic materials such as styrene paper or vinyl sheets are widely and widely used because they are lightweight and inexpensive. However, most of plastic materials such as styrofoam (polystyrene), styrene paper and vinyl sheet are made from oil artificially mined from the deep crust.
Therefore, during incineration after use, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated, causing global environmental pollution.

Further, since these plastic materials are made of petroleum, they emit high heat at the time of incineration after use, thereby deteriorating and damaging the incinerator. In addition, these plastic materials are often left in rivers and beaches after use without being incinerated, and this has also been a major cause of environmental pollution. Under such circumstances, the emergence of materials compatible with the global environment that replace conventional plastic materials is a reality. For example, biodegradable and photodegradable plastic materials are being studied. However, the specific materials are still in the experimental stage, and it is expected that many years will pass before they can be put to practical use.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has a high affinity for the global environment, is easy to collect and reuse, and can be easily applied to natural soil when it is unavoidably disposed of. The aim is to provide a new alternative plastic material without any restrictions on raw material selection and production.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide selected from starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethylcellulose or a derivative thereof and a clay sol, Further, the present invention provides a polysaccharide / clay composite comprising a long fibrous or filamentous dried sol of a composite sol with an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers.

Further, the present invention also provides a method for producing a polysaccharide / clay composite, which comprises elongating the above-mentioned composite sol into a long fiber form and drying it.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a mixture of a natural polysaccharide such as starch, carboxymethylcellulose or sodium alginate or a derivative thereof and a clay sol as described above is dried to form a long fiber or filament. The composite can be used as a packaging material, a packaging material, an agricultural material, or the like, instead of a conventional plastic material, and its characteristics such as compression and bending strength can be easily controlled according to practical purposes and applications. It has been completed based on the findings.

[0008] In fact, the composite of the present invention is easy to produce and is a plastic substitute excellent in environmental friendliness. Starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethylcellulose as natural polysaccharides may be used alone or in combination in the present invention, and esters, ethers, hydrolysates, oligomers, polymers, etc., which are converted by conventional methods. Is also used as appropriate.

Further, as the clay used in the present invention,
For example, clays such as montmorillonite, saponite, beidellite, kaolinite, allophane, and bentonite, or synthetic clays obtained by chemically modifying or chemically modifying these clays are appropriately used.
In the present invention, a pigment and a fragrance can be added in addition to natural fibers such as pulp, hemp, and cotton dispersed in water depending on the use.

In general, in the composite sol of the present invention, the mixing ratio of each component to water and the mixing ratio are not strictly limited, but in order to obtain a complex having required characteristics, the solid-liquid ratio of the polysaccharide is required. Is 1: 5 to 25, more preferably about 1:10 to 20, and the solid-liquid ratio of the clay sol is 1: 5 to 30, more preferably 1: 5.
１５15, about natural fiber, its solid-liquid ratio is 1: 5
１ ： 1: 20, more preferably about 1: 5 to 1:15. Further, the weight ratio of the aqueous solution of polysaccharide: clay sol: natural fiber is preferably about 20 to 80:80 to 20: 0 to 20.

In addition, for the extension of the composite sol into long fibers, the dilution concentration of the composite sol with water is preferably about 1 to 15% from the viewpoint of production efficiency and ease of drying. The composite sol developed in a plane may be subjected to a pressure treatment and dried. This pressing makes it possible to change the properties of the composite after drying, such as the compression and bending strength.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

[0013]

EXAMPLE 1 Using carboxymethyl cellulose as a polysaccharide and montmorillonite as a clay, a polysaccharide-clay complex of the present invention was actually produced. That is, natural bentonite from Sazawa, Yamagata Prefecture is elutriated, only mineral particles of 2 μm or less are collected, the montmorillonite component is concentrated, and the interlayer ion of montmorillonite is replaced with Na ⁺ using an aqueous NaCl solution, which is then replaced with Na ^+. It was washed with water and air-dried to obtain a clay raw material.
This clay raw material and water were mixed lightly and mixed to form a clay sol having a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9, and left to stand for a day to ripen.

The carboxymethylcellulose used was a commercially available powder, weighed at a solid / liquid ratio of 1:19, mixed with water and dissolved. Then, the weight ratio of the carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution / clay sol becomes 50/50,
While heating, the carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution and the clay sol were mixed.

The obtained composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, and the diameter was 1 m.
It was formed into a 50 m long thread and dried in a dryer as it was. After drying, long fiber and filamentary polysaccharide / clay composites were obtained. This polysaccharide / clay composite had a strength and feel that could be spun.

Further, by changing the injection molding diameter and the concentration of the composite sol, the thickness of the fiber could be controlled. Example 2 An aqueous dispersion of natural fibers obtained by hydrotreating paper pulp to shorten fibers was adjusted to a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9.

The weight ratio of the carboxymethylcellulose / clay sol of Example 1 to the aqueous dispersion of natural fibers was 4
While heating, carboxymethylcellulose, a clay sol, and an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers were mixed so as to be 5/45/10. The obtained composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, and the diameter was 1 m.
It was molded into a 50-m long thread and dried as it was in the dryer.

After drying, long and filamentary polysaccharide / clay / natural fiber composites were obtained. The composite had a strength and feel that could be spun, and was more flexible than the composite obtained in Example 1. Furthermore, the thickness of the fiber could be controlled by changing the injection molding diameter and concentration of the composite sol. Example 3 A natural polysaccharide-clay complex of the present invention was produced using starch as a polysaccharide and montmorillonite as a clay.

That is, natural bentonite from Sazawa, Yamagata Prefecture was elutriated, only mineral particles of 2 μm or less were collected, the montmorillonite component was concentrated, and the interlayer ion of montmorillonite was replaced with Na ⁺ using an aqueous NaCl solution. It was washed with water and air-dried to obtain a clay raw material. This clay raw material and water were weighed and mixed to form a clay sol having a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9, and left to stand for 24 hours to mature.

The starch is a starch having a high gelatinization degree extracted from corn and is weighed at a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9 and mixed with water.
It was gelatinized by heating. The weight ratio of starch paste / clay sol is 70/30, 50/50, and 30/30.
While heating, the starch paste and the clay sol were mixed to obtain 70.

The obtained composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, and the diameter was 1 m.
It was molded into a 50-m long thread and dried as it was in the dryer. After drying, long fiber and filamentary polysaccharide / clay composites were obtained in all cases. Each of these composites had such strength and feel that they could be spun. Furthermore, by changing the injection molding diameter and concentration of the composite sol, the thickness of the obtained fiber could be controlled. Example 4 The starch paste and the clay sol of Example 3 were prepared, and the natural fibers obtained by shortening the paper pulp by hydrothermal treatment were mixed with water to adjust the solid / liquid ratio to 1: 9. .

The ratio of starch paste / clay sol / natural fiber aqueous dispersion is 45/45/10 and 30
The starch paste, the clay sol, and the natural fiber aqueous dispersion were mixed while heating so that the ratio became / 60/10. This composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, formed into a string having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 50 cm, and dried as it was in a dryer.

After drying, a long fiber or filamentary polysaccharide / clay / natural fiber composite was obtained in any ratio. Each of the composites had a strength and feel that could be spun, and had flexibility as compared with the composite obtained in Example 3. Furthermore, by changing the injection molding diameter and concentration of the composite sol, the thickness of the composite could be controlled. Example 5 A natural polysaccharide-clay complex of the present invention was produced using sodium alginate as a polysaccharide and montmorillonite as a clay.

That is, natural bentonite from Sazawa, Yamagata Prefecture was elutriated, only mineral particles of 2 μm or less were collected, the montmorillonite component was concentrated, and the montmorillonite interlayer ion was replaced with Na ⁺ using an NaCl aqueous solution. It was washed with water and air-dried to obtain a clay raw material. The clay raw material and water were weighed and mixed to form a clay sol having a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9, and left to stand for a day to ripen.

As the sodium alginate, a commercially available powder was used, weighed at a solid / liquid ratio of 1:19, mixed with water and dissolved. And the ratio of aqueous sodium alginate / clay sol is 50
The aqueous sodium alginate solution and the clay sol were mixed while heating so that the ratio became / 50. The obtained composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, formed into a string having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 50 cm, and dried as it was in a dryer.

After drying, long fiber and filament composites were obtained. This composite had such strength and feel that it could be spun. Furthermore, by changing the injection molding diameter and concentration of the composite sol, the thickness of the composite could be controlled. Example 6 A commercially available natural fiber obtained by shortening a paper pulp by hydrothermal treatment was mixed with water and adjusted to a solid / liquid ratio of 1: 9.

The ratio of the sodium alginate / clay sol of Example 5 to the aqueous dispersion of natural fibers was 45/45/1.
While heating so that it becomes 0, with sodium alginate,
The clay sol was mixed with an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers. The obtained composite sol was extruded with a syringe onto a flat aluminum plate having a bottom coated with a release agent, formed into a thread having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 50 cm, and dried as it was in a dryer.

After drying, a long fiber and filament composite was obtained. This composite had a strength and feel that could be spun, and was more flexible than the long-fiber and filamentary composites of sodium alginate clay obtained in Example 5. Furthermore, by changing the injection molding diameter and concentration of the composite sol, the thickness of the composite could be controlled.

[0029]

As described in detail above, the composite of the present invention uses only materials compatible with the global environment, and is easily replaced by natural soil when discarded. Further, the composite of the present invention can be used as it is or in a state of spinning in terms of its properties such as strength, thereby replacing a plastic material as a conventional packaging material.

Furthermore, the present invention can utilize natural polysaccharides and the like, and has very few restrictions on raw materials.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location C08L 5/04 LAW C08L 5/04 LAW

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. At least one selected from starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethylcellulose.
A polysaccharide / clay complex comprising a long fiber or filamentous dried sol of an aqueous solution of a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof and a clay sol or an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers. 2. The composite according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a dye and / or a fragrance is incorporated. 3. At least one selected from starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethylcellulose.
A method for producing a polysaccharide-clay composite, comprising: elongating a composite sol obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of a kind of polysaccharide or a derivative thereof with a clay sol, or an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers, and then drying. . 4. At least one selected from starch, sodium alginate and carboxymethylcellulose.
A polysaccharide-clay composite, comprising stretching an aqueous solution of a species of polysaccharide or a derivative thereof and a clay sol, or a composite sol obtained by further mixing an aqueous dispersion of natural fibers, into a fibrous form, applying pressure treatment, and drying Manufacturing method. 5. The method for producing a polysaccharide / clay composite according to claim 3, wherein at least one of a pigment and / or a fragrance is mixed with the composite sol.