JP2631454B2 - Hole processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for performing processing such as drilling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tapping has been mounted on a drilling machine via a special jig, and simple threading has been performed. In this case, since an external force in the direction of the tap axis is applied at the time of the screw cutting operation, it is difficult to cut the screw with high precision,
There is a problem that an accident of breaking a tap frequently occurs. Automatic threading devices exist as large numerically controlled machine tools, but are expensive. If the feed of the spindle of the drilling machine is automatically controlled, a simple automatic tapping device can theoretically be configured, but the feed control is difficult and the configuration cannot be simplified.

[0003] Conventionally, when stepping drilling is performed using a tabletop drilling machine, it is performed manually, but the operation is troublesome. The automatic device has a problem that the structure is complicated, large, and expensive.

[0004]

Therefore, according to the present invention, high-precision thread cutting or stepping drilling is performed using a device having a simple structure such as a drilling machine without applying external force to a tap. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a hole and a relatively inexpensive hole drilling apparatus which can automatically perform such a thread cutting operation and a stepping drill operation with a simple structure.

[0005]

In the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a motor-driven main shaft 7 equipped with a tool such as a tap 9 and a drill 49 is vertically movable along a guide column 2 so as to be vertically movable. The main shaft 7 is suspended on one end of the balance wire 10, the middle of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12, and the balance weights 13 and
42, 43, and the balance weights 13, 42,
43 is balanced with its own weight on the main shaft 7 side, the return weights 16, 44 are suspended above and below the balance weights 13, 42, 43 by the suspension wires 20 connected to the hoist 23 so as to be able to move up and down, and the return weights 16, 44 are balanced. By putting on and off the weights 13, 42 and 43, the weight balance with the own weight of the main shaft 7 is adjusted, the main shaft 7 is controlled to move up and down, and the tools 9 and 49 are cut into the workpiece W. A hole processing method of pulling out and pulling out was adopted.

A motor-driven main shaft 7 having a tap 9 mounted thereon is vertically supported along the guide column 2 so as to be vertically movable. The main shaft 7 is hung on one end of a balance wire 10, and the middle of the balance wire 10 is pulled by a pulley. The balance weight 13 is hung on the other end side, the balance weight 13 is balanced with the own weight of the main shaft 7 side, and the return weight 16 is lifted above the balance weight 13 by the suspension wire 20 connected to the hoisting machine 23. The spindle 7 can be lifted up and down freely so that it can be placed on and released from the balance weight 13, and the spindle 7 can be moved for a short time at the initial time when the tap 9 cuts into the workpiece W.
, The return weight 16 is separated from the balance weight 13 while the tap 9 performs the threading operation on the workpiece W, and the axial external force on the tap 9 is cut off. Was reversed and pulled out of the workpiece W, the return weight 16 was hung on the balance weight 13, and the tapping method of breaking the balance with the main shaft 7 and pulling up the tap 9 was adopted.

In order to carry out the tapping method, a motor-driven main shaft 7 equipped with a tap 9 is vertically supported on a lifting arm 4, and the lifting arm 4 is supported vertically up and down along the guide column 2. And lift arm 4
, One end of the balance wire 10 is hooked, the intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12 on the guide column 2, and the balance weight 13 is hung on the other end, and the balance weight 13 is fishing on its own weight on the lifting arm 7 side. In addition, a return weight 16 is arranged above the balance weight 13, and the return weight 16 is hung up and down by a suspension wire 20 connected to a hoist 23 so that the return weight 16 can be placed on and separated from the balance weight 10. While the tap 9 performs the threading operation on the workpiece W, the return weight 16 is changed to the balance weight 1 so that no external force in the axial direction is applied to the tap 9.
3 at a distance above and after the threading operation is completed,
When the tap was reversed and it came out of the screw hole, the return weight 16 was placed on the balance weight 13 to break the balance, and the winder 23 was controlled so that the tap 9 was pulled up to constitute a tapping device.

In the present invention, a motor-driven main shaft 7 having a tap 9 mounted thereon is supported vertically vertically movable along the guide column 2, and the main shaft 7 is hung on one end of a balance wire 10. Pulley 11 in the middle of 10,
12, a balance weight 13 is hung on the other end side, the balance weight 13 is balanced with the own weight of the main shaft 7, and the hoist 2 is placed above the balance weight 13.
The return weight 16 is hung up and down freely by the suspension wire 20 leading to the balance weight 13 and the return weight 16 is balanced weight 13
The balance weight 13 was lifted up by the return weight 16 only for a short period of time when the tap 9 was cut into the workpiece W by allowing the balance weight 13 to be put on and separated from the workpiece, and to be engaged with the balance weight 13 during the ascent process. In this state, after the weight of the main shaft 7 is applied to the tap 9, the return weight 16 is floated on the balance weight 13 while the tap 9 performs the thread cutting operation on the workpiece W, and the tap 9 is moved.
After cutting off the external force in the axial direction with respect to
When the tap 9 is reversed and comes out of the screw hole, the return weight 16 is hung on the balance weight 13 and
A tapping method of lifting the tap 9 while breaking the balance with the side can be adopted.

In the present invention, in order to carry out the above-mentioned method, a motor-driven main shaft 7 equipped with a tap 9 is vertically supported on a lifting arm 4, and the lifting arm 4 is vertically movable along the guide column 2. And the lifting arm 4
, One end of the balance wire 10 is hooked, the intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12 on the guide post 2, and the balance weight 13 is hung on the other end, and the balance weight 13 is fishing on its own weight on the lifting arm 4 side. Then, a return weight 16 is arranged above the balance weight 13, and the return weight 16 is suspended by a suspending wire 20 connected to a hoisting machine 23 so as to be able to move up and down, and is placed on and separated from the balance weight 13. The hoisting machine 23 is driven by a motor 27 to wind up or release the hanging wire 20 by engaging and disengaging the clutch 25, and furthermore, the vertical position of the tap 9 is adjusted. Position detection means using an encoder 14 or the like for detection is provided, and the phase of the return weight 16 and the balance weight 13 is adjusted. A limit switch 19 for detecting the position is provided, and after the apparatus is started, the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is started at an appropriate time, and the hoisting machine 23 performs the hoisting operation of the hanging wire 20 to return the balance weight 13 together with the return weight 16. Is lifted, the tap 9 is lowered, and when the position detecting means 14 detects that the tip of the tap 9 has reached the processing start position where it comes into contact with the workpiece W, the winding machine is set for a predetermined short biting time set in advance. 2
By continuing the hoisting operation of No. 3, the hoisting machine 23 is stopped in a state where the self-weight in the axial direction is applied to the tap 9 and the tap 9 is bitten by the workpiece W, and then the balance arm 4 and the balance weight are connected. 13 and cut off the axial external force to the tap 9 during the threading operation, and the position detecting means 1 detects that the tap 9 has reached a predetermined threading depth.
4, the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is rotated in the reverse direction to remove the tap 9 from the screw hole, and when the position detecting means 14 detects that the tap 9 has been removed, the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged and the suspension wire 20 is disconnected. Release and return weight 1
The tapping device was configured by providing a control device 29 for controlling each part so that the tap 9 was raised by dropping the 6 on the balance weight 13 and lowering the tap.

In the present invention, the motor-driven main shaft 7 on which the drill 49 is mounted is vertically supported on the elevating arm 4, and the elevating arm 4 is vertically slidably supported along the guide column 2. 4, one end of the balance wire 10 is locked, an intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11, 12 on the guide column 2, and the other end is provided with a main weight 42 that balances the total weight of the balance wire 10 with its own weight on the lifting arm 4 side. The pressurizing weight 43 is suspended, and a return weight 44 is disposed above the pressurizing weight 43. The return weight 44 is hung up and down by the suspending wire 20 connected to the hoisting means, and is placed on the pressurizing weight 43. Together with the main weight 42, and the winding means drives the motor 27 to engage and disengage the clutch 25 to wind the suspension wire 20. Together is configured to release this, providing a position detecting means for further detecting the vertical position of the drill 49, the return weight 44 and the main weight 42, the limit switch 4 for detecting the relative position of the pressure weight 43
5 and 46, the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is started at an appropriate time after the start of the apparatus, and the hoisting means performs the hoisting operation of the suspending wire 20, and the return weight 44 is lifted together with the pressurizing weight 43 to drill. 49 is lowered, and the drill 49 is drilled in a state where it is pressed against the workpiece W by applying its own weight in the axial direction of the weight difference of the pressing weight 43 to the workpiece W, and the hole is drilled in the workpiece W. When the position detecting means detects that the depth has reached the depth obtained by dividing the depth by the preset number of times of stepping, the clutch of the winding means is released to release the hanging wire, and the return weight is used as the main weight 42 and the pressurized weight. By dropping it on 43 and lowering it, pull out the drill 49 and drill this hole,
The drilling device was constituted by providing a control device 29 for controlling each part so as to form a hole having a predetermined depth by repeating the operation of pulling out the drill 49 a predetermined number of times.

[0011]

In the boring apparatus according to the present invention, the hoist 2
3 and return weights 16 and 44
, And weights 13, which balance with the own weight of the spindle 7 side,
By returning the weights 16 and 44 on and off the 42 and 43, the main shaft 7 is controlled to move up and down, and the tools 9 and
The hole 49 such as tapping or stepping drilling is performed by cutting or removing 49 from the workpiece W.

In the tapping device of the present invention, when the tapping device is manually operated, the spindle 7 is pushed down by hand and the tap 9
Starts the spindle drive motor 6 before abuts on the workpiece W, and further pushes down the tap 9 to stop biting the workpiece W. During this time, when the balance weight 16 rises and the return weight 16 separates from the limit switch 19, the winding means 23 operates to raise the return weight 16, and when the return weight 16 contacts the limit switch 19, the operation of the winder 23 stops. . Therefore, the return weight 16 rises following the balance weight 13 so as to always be at a position floating from the balance weight 13, and maintains the balance between the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 side. For this reason, when the manual depression of the tap 9 is stopped, no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. In this state, the tap 9 descends while cutting the workpiece W with its own lead. When a screw having a predetermined depth is formed, when the spindle drive motor 6 is reversed, the tap 9 is pulled out of the screw hole by its own lead. Then, the lifting wire 23 is released from the hoisting machine 23, the return weight 16 is dropped on the balance weight 13, the balance with the tap 9 is broken, and the tap 9 is pulled up from the workpiece W. A predetermined thread depth of the tap 9 is detected by the position detecting means provided with the encoder 14 and the like, and subsequent operations such as release of the suspension wire 20 and reverse rotation of the spindle drive motor 6 can be automatically controlled.

When automatically operating the tapping device of the present invention, the device is started with the return weight 16 resting on the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 at the top.
The control device 29 connects the clutch 25 to operate the hoist 23 and raises the return weight 16. The return weight 16 engages with the balance weight 13 on the way up,
With this, the tap 9 rises and the tap 9 descends. At this time, the operation of the limit switch 19 is ignored,
3 continues the operation. The drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 holding the tap 9 starts rotating while the tap 9 is moving down. When the position detecting means provided with the encoder 14 and the like detects the position where the tap 9 contacts the workpiece W, after a predetermined short time elapses, the control device 29 stops the hoisting machine 23 and returns the return weight 16 and the balance weight 13 Stop rising. From this point, the control state is such that the hoisting machine 23 is operated when the limit switch is turned off, and the hoisting machine 23 is stopped when the limit switch is turned on.
Follow 3 After the tap 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W, the weight of the main shaft 7 is applied to the tap 9 in a short time when the balance weight 13 rises, and the tap 9 is pressed against the workpiece W. During this time, the tap 9 bites about one thread of the screw into the workpiece W, and then the main shaft 7 side has the balance weight 1
3 and the external force on the tap 9 disappears. In this state, the tap 9 continues to rotate and descends while cutting the workpiece W with its own lead. When the position detecting means detects that the tap 9 has reached the predetermined threading depth, the control device 29 reverses the spindle drive motor 6 and the tap 9 comes out of the screw hole of the workpiece W with its own lead. When the position detecting means detects that the tap 9 has come out of the screw hole, the control device 29 releases the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23, returns to the position on the balance weight 13, and returns the weight 1
6 is dropped, the balance is broken, the tap 9 is raised, and the thread cutting is completed.

In the drill device of the present invention, when the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is started after the start of the device, the hoist 23 winds the suspension wire 20 and returns the weight 44.
And the pressurizing weight 43 are lifted, the weight balance with the weight 42 is broken, and the drill 49 is lowered.
The hole is drilled while being pressed against the workpiece W by applying its own weight in the axial direction of the weight difference. The depth of the hole is determined by the controller 29
When the position detecting means detects that the predetermined depth set in advance has reached the depth obtained by dividing the same by the previously set stepping number, the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged, and the hanging wire 20 is released. By dropping the return weight 44 and the pressurized weight 43 onto the weight 42 and lowering the same, the drill 49 is pulled out from the hole, and operations such as oil supply and chip removal are performed. Is repeated a predetermined number of times to form a hole having a predetermined depth.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1 to 3, two guide columns 2, 2 are erected on a base 1. An upper frame 3 is horizontally fixed to the upper ends of the guide columns 2. An elevating arm 4 is vertically slidably engaged with the guide columns 2 and 2. The upper limit position of the lifting arm 4 is regulated by a stopper 5 provided on the upper part of the guide column 2.

A main shaft 7 which is normally and reversely rotated by a motor 6 is vertically supported by the lifting arm 4. A tap holder 8 is fixed to a lower end of the main shaft 7. A tap 9 is mounted on the tap holder 8. One end of a balance wire 10 for suspending the lifting arm 4 is locked to the lifting arm 4. The wire 10 is pulled up onto the upper frame 3 and the pulley 1
1 and 12 hang down to the opposite side of the main shaft 7, and the other end is locked to the balance weight 13. The lifting arm 4 and the balance weight 13 are balanced in weight. Pulley 1
1 is provided with a rotary encoder 14 for counting the number of rotations in order to detect the position of the tap 9.

The balance weight 13 has a vertically protruding guide pin 15 on which the wire 10 is locked. The guide pin 15 slidably penetrates the support plate 17 of the return weight 16. Guide pin 15
The contact plate 1 for stopping the relative elevation of the support plate 17
8 is fixed, and a limit switch 19 is fixed to the lower surface thereof. The limit switch 19 is for monitoring the return weight 16 so as to constantly maintain a state of floating above the balance weight 13. The limit switch 19 turns on when the return weight 16 comes into contact, and turns off when the return weight 16 separates.

One end of the suspension wire 20 is locked to the return weight 16. The wire 20 is pulled up onto the upper frame 3, and the other end is locked by a hoisting pulley 24 of a hoisting machine 23 fixed on the upper frame 3 via a pulley 21. The hoisting pulley 24 is connected to a shaft 26 via a clutch 25 (FIG. 3). The shaft 26 is rotated by a motor 27. Therefore, after the wire 20 is wound by the hoisting pulley 24, the clutch 25 is disengaged and the return weight 16 can be lowered by its own weight. The motor 27 is controlled to stop when the limit switch 19 is turned on and start when the limit switch 19 is turned off.

The return weight 16 is the balance weight 1
3 and is arranged so as to be separated from or separated from it. When the return weight 16 is placed on the balance weight 13, the weight balance with the lift arm 4 is lost, and the balance weight 13 is lowered, and the lift arm 4
Rises. Also, the return weight 16 is raised,
After the support plate 17 contacts the contact plate 18, the balance weight 13 and the like are lifted, and the lifting arm 4 side descends by its own weight.

On the base 1, a processing table 28 is provided. The processing table 28 can fix the workpiece W with a jig and freely position it on a horizontal plane.

The tapping device is controlled by a control device 29 as shown in FIG. An input unit 30 for setting the depth of the screw hole and a workpiece W
Timer 3 to set the biting time of tap 9 for
1 are connected.

In this tapping apparatus, the workpiece W is fixed on the processing table 28, the tip of the tap 9 is placed on the lower hole of the workpiece W, and the processing start point set push button 32 is pressed to control the processing start point. It is stored in the device 29. In addition, while inputting the numerical value of the depth of the screw hole into the input unit 30, the biting time of the tap 9 with respect to the workpiece W is input to the timer 31,
That is, the time required to cut approximately one thread of the screw is set.

Now, it is assumed that the return weight 16 rests on the balance weight 13 and the lift arm 4 is at the raised position. When the start push button 33 is pressed, the control device 29
Operates the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 via the motor contactor 34, connects the clutch clutch 25 via the clutch contactor 35,
Pull up. The return weight 16 rises and the contact plate 18
, The balance weight 13 is pulled up, and the lifting arm 4 is lowered. At this time, the operation of the limit switch 19 is ignored. The position of the lifting arm 4 is detected by the encoder 14 and the control device 29. The encoder 1 indicates that the tap 9 has reached a predetermined position near the machining start point.
When the detection is made at 4, the control device 29 controls the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 to decelerate the elevating arm 4 and feed it intermittently so that the tap 9 does not collide with the workpiece W. At the same time, the control device 29 rotates the motor 6 forward via the inverter 36.

When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has reached the machining start point, that is, the contact position with the workpiece W, the timer 31 is operated and after a lapse of a set time, the control device 29 causes the motor of the hoisting machine 23 to operate. 27 is stopped. After this point, the control mode is a control mode in which the motor 27 operates when the limit switch 19 is turned off, and stops when the limit switch 19 is turned on. During this set time, the tap 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W and stops descending, whereas the balance weight 13 rises.
The tap 9 bites into the workpiece W while being pressed against the workpiece W by its own weight, such as the lifting arm 4 and the main shaft 7, and cuts approximately one screw thread. Tap 9 by this bite
Slightly lowers, the tap 9 side and the balance weight 13 side balance again, and the tap 9 is in a state where no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. Thereafter, the tap 9 descends by its own lead while cutting the screw by the rotation, while the return weight 16
Is repeatedly raised and stopped by turning on and off the limit switch, and constantly maintains a state of floating from the balance weight 13, so that no extra force is applied to the tap 9.

When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has been threaded by the set depth, the control device 29
The motor 6 is reversed, and the tap 9 is pulled out of the screw hole by its own lead by the reverse rotation. When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has returned to the machining start point, the control device 2
In step 9, the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged, the return weight 16 is lowered on the balance weight 13, the balance is lost, and the lifting arm 4 is raised. When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has reached the predetermined position, the control device 29 stops the motor 6. The elevating arm 4 moves up and comes into contact with the stopper 5 to stop.

When the tapping device is manually operated, the control device 29 is switched to the manual mode, the handle is operated by hand, the tap 9 is pushed down, and the spindle drive motor 6 is started before contacting the workpiece W. Let it. Tap 9
Is pressed down, and when it bites into the workpiece W, the pressing is stopped. During this time, the balance weight 13 rises. The balance weight 13 rises and the return weight 16 becomes
When the control device 29 is turned off at a distance from the limit switch 19, the control device 29 starts the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23, raises the return weight 16, and the limit switch 19
When N, the motor 27 is controlled to stop. Therefore, the return weight 16 follows the balance weight 13 and rises so as to be floating from the balance weight 13, and maintains the balance between the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 side. For this reason, when the manual depression of the tap 9 is stopped, no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. In this state, the tap 9 moves down while cutting the workpiece W by itself. When a screw having a predetermined depth is formed, the spindle drive motor 6 is rotated in the reverse direction to remove the tap 9 from the screw hole, then the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged, the hanging wire is released, and the return weight 16 is balanced weighted. 13, the tap 9 is lifted from the workpiece W while breaking the balance with the tap 9 side. It is also possible to detect a predetermined threading depth of the tap 9 by a position detecting means provided with the encoder 14 and the like, and to automatically control the subsequent reverse rotation of the motor 6 and release operation of the hanging wire.

In the illustrated embodiment, the processing table 2
8 is independent of the control device 29.
9 to fix and position the workpiece W in the control device 2
By controlling at step 9, a series of operations can be completely automated. In addition, a vibration cutting device (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-776) in which the main shaft is rotated and finely vibrated in the forward and reverse rotation directions at a high speed while vertically vibrating in accordance with the pitch of the screw
9), a more precise screw can be formed quickly. If tap 9 is worn,
The tap 9 cannot cut into the workpiece by a predetermined depth within the time set by the timer 31. Therefore, the cut depth is detected by the encoder 14, and when the control device 29 detects that the cut depth is not cut within the set time, the wear alarm device of the tap 9 is operated to prompt the exchange of the tap 9. can do.

FIG. 4 shows a drill device for performing stepping drilling. This drill device is equipped with a drill 49 instead of the tap 9 in the tapping device described above, and is provided with a stepping input unit 41 for setting the number of steppings instead of the timer 31, and the balance weight 13 is connected to the main weight 42. It is divided into a pressurizing weight 43, a return weight 44 is provided thereon, and limit switches 45, 46 for controlling the positions of the weights 43, 44 are provided. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 5 shows weights 42, 43,
44 are shown in detail.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, the main weight 42 is
The return weight 44 is hung on the hanging wire 20 and is hung on the wire 10. The main weight 42 has a vertically protruding guide pin 47, and the wire 10 is locked at the upper end thereof. The guide pin 47 slidably penetrates a pressing weight 43 located above the main weight 42 and a return weight 44 located above the pressing weight 43. A contact plate 18 for stopping the relative rise of the return weight 44 is fixed to an upper portion of the guide pin 47, and a limit switch 46 is fixed to a lower surface thereof. The limit switch 46 is for monitoring the return weight 44 and the pressurizing weight 43 so as to maintain the state of floating above the main weight 42. The limit switch 46 is turned on when the return weight 44 comes into contact, and turned off when the return weight 44 comes off.
FF. The weight on the lifting arm 4 side (main shaft 7 side) and the total weight of the main weight 42 and the pressing weight 43 are balanced.

The return weight 44 can be raised by winding the wire 20 by the hoisting pulley 24, and can be lowered by its own weight by disengaging the clutch 25. The motor 27 is controlled to stop when the limit switch 46 is turned on and start when the limit switch 46 is turned off.

The pressure weight 43 is provided with a vertically protruding suspension pin 48, and is connected to the return weight 44 via the suspension pin 48 so as to be movable up and down within a predetermined range. That is, the suspension pin 48 slidably penetrates the return weight 44 and is prevented from falling down by the flange 50 at the upper end. Therefore, when the return weight 44 rises and is separated from the pressure weight 43 by a predetermined distance, the return weight 44 engages with the flange 50 of the pin 48 and can rise together with the return weight 44.

The return weight 44 is disposed so as to rest on the pressure weight 43 or to move upward therefrom. When the return weight 44 is placed on the main weight 42 together with the pressure weight 43, the weight balance with the lifting arm 4 side (main shaft 7 side) is lost, and the weight 4
2, 43, 44 are lowered, and the lifting arm 4 (main shaft 7) is raised. After the return weight 44 is lifted and comes into contact with the contact plate 18, the main weight 42 is also lifted, and the lifting arm 4 side is lowered by its own weight.

In this drill device, the tip of the drill 49 is brought into contact with the workpiece W on the processing table 28 and the processing start point set push button 32 is pressed, and the processing start point is set in the control device 29.
To memorize. In addition, while inputting the depth of the hole to be cut into the input unit 30 as a numerical value, the desired stepping frequency is input and set into the stepping input unit 41.

Now, as shown in FIG. 6A, it is assumed that the return weight 44 and the pressing weight 43 are placed on the main weight 42, and the lifting arm 4 is at the raised position. When the start push button 33 is pressed, the control device 29 operates the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 via the motor contactor 34, connects the clutch clutch 25 via the clutch contactor 35, and raises the return weight 44.
The return weight 44 rises and lifts the pressure weight 43 via the suspension pin 48, and comes into contact with the contact plate 18. The lifting of the pressurizing weight 43 causes the weight balance to collapse, and the lifting arm 4 descends by its own weight. At this time, the operation of the limit switch 46 is ignored. The position of the lifting arm 4 is detected by the encoder 14 and the control device 29. When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has reached a predetermined position near the machining start point, the control device 29 causes the hoist 23
The motor 27 is controlled to decelerate the elevating arm 4 and intermittently feed it so that the drill 49 does not collide with the workpiece W. At the same time, the control device 29 rotates the motor 6 via the inverter 36.

The drill 49 is at the processing start point, that is, the workpiece W
When the encoder 14 detects that the contact position has been reached, the control device 29 stops the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23. After this point, the control mode is a control mode in which the hoist motor 27 operates when the limit switch 46 is OFF, and stops when the limit switch 46 is ON. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
3 moves away from the main weight 42 together with the return weight 44, so that the drill 49 is pressed against the workpiece W due to the weight difference between the main weight 42 and the weight of the lifting arm 4, the main shaft 7, etc. To cut holes. The depth of the hole is
When the encoder 14 detects that the set depth has been reached by dividing the set depth by the number of steps, the control device 29 disconnects the clutch 25, releases the wire 20, and returns the return weight as shown in FIG. 44 and the pressurizing weight 43 are dropped onto the main weight 42, and the drill 49 is raised together with the arm 4 to pull it out of the hole, thereby refueling and removing cutting chips.
When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has returned to the stepping start position, the control device 29
And the wire 20 is wound up again, and the same drilling and drilling operations as above are repeated by the set number of stepping times to form a hole having a set depth. When the last stepping operation is completed, the return weight 44
Then, the pressing weight 43 is lowered onto the main weight 42, and the drill 49 is raised. When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has reached the predetermined position, the control device 29 stops the motor 6. The elevating arm 4 moves up and comes into contact with the stopper 5 to stop.

The operation of the limit switch 45 is ignored during automatic operation. When performing only automatic driving,
The return weight 44 and the pressure weight 43 are integrally formed, and the lifting operation of the drill 49 can be controlled only by raising and lowering the weight.

When the drill device is operated semi-automatically, when the control device 29 is switched to the semi-automatic mode, the operation of the limit switch 46 is initially ignored, and the control of the hoist motor 27 when the limit switch 45 is ON and the stop when OFF is performed. Mode. Therefore, when the drill 49 is manually pushed down, the pressurizing weight 43 and the main weight 42 are integrally pulled up by the wire 10, but the return way 44 is also wound up by the motor 27 and rises, and the balance state shown in FIG. Keep. When the drill 49 abuts on and aligns with the workpiece W, when the spindle drive motor 6 is started, the hoisting motor 27 is started and the pressurizing weight 43 is pulled up together with the return weight 44, and the weight balance is lost and the drill 49 Is applied to the workpiece W, and the workpiece W is punched. After the start of the motor 6, the state of raising the return weight is monitored by the limit switch 46. That is, the hoist motor 27 stops when the limit switch 46 is turned on, and starts when the limit switch 46 is turned off, and the pressurized state of the drill 49 is maintained. The subsequent stepping operation is the same as the automatic operation.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hole drilling method capable of easily performing threading and stepping drilling using a device having a simple structure such as a drilling machine. In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a relatively simple and relatively inexpensive hole drilling device capable of automatically performing such threading and stepping drilling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a tapping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the tapping device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of control of a tapping device.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of control of a drill device.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a weight of the drill device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of a weight of the drill device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Guide pillar 4 Lifting arm 6 Motor 7 Main shaft 9 Tap 10 Balance wire 11 Pulley 12 Pulley 13 Balance weight 14 Encoder (position detecting means) 16 Return weight 23 Hoisting machine (Hoisting means) 20 Suspension wire 27 Motor 25 Clutch 19 Limit Switch 29 Control device W Workpiece

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A motor-driven main shaft with a tool mounted thereon is vertically supported along a guide column so as to be vertically movable, and this main shaft is hung on one end of a balance wire, and an intermediate portion of the balance wire is hooked on a pulley. The balance weight is suspended, the balance weight is balanced with the own weight of the main spindle, the return weight is suspended above the balance weight by a suspending wire connected to the hoisting means so as to be able to move up and down freely, and the return weight is placed on the weight or floated. By adjusting the balance between the balance weight and the spindle's own weight by engaging the balance weight with the balance weight in the ascent process and raising the spindle, the spindle is controlled to move up and down and the external force required for cutting is applied. A hole cutting method, wherein a tool is cut into or pulled out of a workpiece. 2. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported along a guide column so as to be vertically movable, the main shaft is suspended at one end of a balance wire, an intermediate portion of the balance wire is hung on a pulley, and the other end is mounted on a pulley. A balance weight is suspended, and the balance weight is balanced with the own weight of the main spindle. The return weight is suspended above the balance weight by a suspending wire connected to a hoisting means so that the return weight can be lifted up and down so that the balance weight can be placed on and off the balance weight. During the initial short time when the tap cuts into the workpiece, an external force is applied to the spindle in the axial direction only for a short time.While the tap performs the threading operation on the workpiece and returns to the screw hole, the return weight is released on the balance weight, and After the external force in the axial direction is cut off and the screw cutting operation is completed, the tap is reversed and the screw is removed from the screw hole. Hang it on the balance weight,
A tapping method characterized by raising the tap while breaking the balance with the spindle side. 3. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported by a lifting arm, and the lifting arm is vertically movably supported along a guide post, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the lifting arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide post, suspend the balance weight at the other end, and balance this with the own weight of the lifting arm side,
A return weight is arranged above the balance weight, and the return weight is suspended by a suspending wire connected to a hoisting means so that the return weight can be lifted and lowered so that the return weight can be placed on and separated from the balance weight. The return weight was placed above the balance weight at intervals so that no external force was applied to the tap while returning to the screw hole after the operation was completed.After the completion of the threading operation, the tap was reversed and pulled out from the screw hole. A tapping device characterized in that a return weight is placed on a balance weight to break the balance, and a winding means is controlled so as to raise a tap. 4. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported along a guide column so as to be vertically movable, and the main shaft is suspended at one end of a balance wire, an intermediate portion of the balance wire is hung on a pulley, and the other end is mounted on a pulley. A balance weight is suspended, the balance weight is balanced with the own weight of the main spindle side, and the return weight is suspended above and below the balance weight by a suspension wire connected to a winding means so as to be able to move up and down freely, and the return weight is placed on and separated from the balance weight. In addition, the balance weight is engaged with the balance weight during the ascending process so that it can be lifted up as a unit. After the return weight is lifted on the balance weight, the external force on the tap in the axial direction is cut off. In the state, perform the screw cutting operation, after the completion of the screw cutting operation, reverse the tap and pull out from the screw hole, then suspend the return weight on the balance weight,
A tapping method characterized by raising the tap while breaking the balance with the spindle side. 5. A motor-driven spindle having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported by a lifting arm, and the lifting arm is vertically movably supported along a guide post, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the lifting arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide post, suspend the balance weight at the other end, and balance this with the own weight of the lifting arm side,
A return weight is arranged above the balance weight, and the return weight is suspended by a suspending wire connected to the hoisting means so as to be able to be lifted and lowered, and can be placed on or separated from the balance weight, and can be engaged with the balance weight during the ascent process to be pulled up integrally. In this manner, the winding means is configured to wind or release the hanging wire by engaging and disengaging the clutch by driving a motor, and further comprises a position detecting means for detecting the vertical position of the tap, as well as a return weight and a balance weight. A limit switch is provided to detect the relative position of the device, and after starting the device, the drive motor of the main shaft is started at an appropriate time, and the hoisting means performs the hoisting operation of the hanging wire, and the balance weight is lifted together with the return weight, and the tap is lifted. And lower the tap so that the tip of the tap contacts the workpiece. When the position detecting means detects that the position has been reached, the winding operation of the winding means is continued for a predetermined short biting time, so that the tap is pressed against the workpiece by applying its own weight in the axial direction. Stopping the hoisting operation of the hoisting means in the retracted state causes the tap to bite into the workpiece, then balances the lifting arm side with the balance weight, and cuts off the axial external force on the tap during the threading operation. When the position detecting means detects that the tap has reached a predetermined threading depth, the drive motor of the main shaft is reversed to raise the tap,
When the position detecting means detects that the tap has returned to the predetermined position, the clutch of the hoisting means is disengaged to release the hanging wire, and the return weight is dropped on the balance weight and lowered to raise the tap. A tapping device provided with a control device for controlling the tapping. 6. The tapping device according to claim 4, wherein the position detecting means includes a rotary encoder connected to a shaft of a pulley on which the hanging wire is hung. 7. The balance weight has a guide pin vertically penetrating through a support plate of the return weight so as to be slidable. The balance wire is locked to an upper end of the guide pin, and a guide wire is provided. The limit switch is fixed to the upper part of the pin, and it turns ON when the return weight contacts.
The tapping device according to claim 4, wherein the tapping device is turned off when it is separated, and interlocks with the hoisting means so as to maintain a state in which the return weight is constantly floating above the balance weight. 8. A motor-driven spindle equipped with a drill is vertically supported on a lifting arm, and the lifting arm is vertically movably supported along a guide post, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the lifting arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide pole, suspend the main weight and pressure weight that balance the total weight of the lifting arm on the other end with the total weight, and arrange the return weight above the pressure weight. Then, this is suspended by a lifting wire connected to the hoisting means so as to be able to move up and down freely, and can be placed on the pressurizing weight, or can be hoisted on the main weight together with the pressurizing weight. The suspension wire is wound up or released by cutting, and a position detecting means for detecting the vertical position of the drill is provided. A limit switch is provided to detect the relative positions of the weight, the main weight, and the pressurizing weight. After the device is started, the drive motor of the main shaft is started at an appropriate time, and the winding means performs the winding operation of the hanging wire and returns. The weight is lifted together with the pressing weight, the drill is lowered, and the weight of the pressing weight in the axial direction is applied to the drill, and the drill is drilled in a state where the drill is pressed against the workpiece W while the drill is being pressed. When the position detecting means detects that the depth has reached the depth obtained by dividing the predetermined depth by the preset number of steps, the clutch of the winding means is released to release the hanging wire, and the return weight is changed to the main weight. The drill is pulled up by dropping it on the pressurizing weight and lowered, and the drilling and drilling up operations are repeated a predetermined number of steps. So returned,
A drill device comprising a control device for controlling each part so as to form a hole having a predetermined depth.