JP2612522B2 - Tunnel lining method and tunnel lining structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method and a tunnel lining structure using a metal lining body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cast-in-place lining method (ECL method, Extruded Concrete Lining Method) in which a lining structure becomes a reinforced concrete structure has recently been put into practical use instead of a conventional general method using a segment of precast concrete. . 9 to 12 show a conventional ECL.
The procedure of an example of the construction method will be described.

In this ECL method, a reinforced basket 52 is installed between an excavated tunnel inner surface 50 and an inner formwork 51, and concrete 53 is cast, thereby forming a reinforced concrete lining structure. The shield machine 54 is provided with a concrete press jack 56 for pressurizing concrete, in addition to the propulsion jack 55, and the propulsion reaction force is taken into account by the inner formwork 51 and the concrete press reaction force to make the shield machine 54 excavate.
The concrete press jack 56 is capable of swinging, thereby swinging the rebar cage 52, and ensuring the fluidity of the concrete while the shield machine 54 is propelled.

[0004]

According to the ECL method, the lining structure is a reinforced concrete structure in close contact with the ground.
Although there is an advantage that land subsidence can be reduced by suppressing loosening of the ground, it has the following problems. A. Since a series of operations from tunnel excavation to lining are performed at once in a narrow space of the face, face work (assembly of rebar, moving, assembling, and demolding of the inner formwork) is in a competitive relationship, hindering workability. Result. The reasons are as follows. (1) Rebar assembly time is long. (2) Since the rebars in the axial direction need to be connected, it is necessary to protrude the rebar for the wrap length from the innermost formwork toward the face. (3) Equipment for demolding and moving the inner formwork is required. (4) A concrete transportation and casting device is required.

B. Since the lining laid with the face will be shared with the tunnel body as it is, care must be taken to avoid the following and secure the construction accuracy. (5) The lining thickness decreases due to meandering. (6) Decrease in fluidity of concrete inside reinforced lining. (7) Cracks occurred on the lining concrete surface when removing the inner mold. (8) Cracking of lining concrete caused by continuous casting of concrete.

C. Other disadvantages include the following. (9) Because the concrete is pressed in the axial direction, the lining concrete that is hardening moves. (10) Since the concrete is pressurized in a state in which the rebar corresponding to the wrap length is protruded from the innermost mold at the front end toward the face, the concrete with good fluidity easily leaks into the machine. (11) Concrete is easily turned to the face side of the shield machine during curved construction. (12) It is necessary to select concrete that has good fluidity and filling properties at the time of casting and hardens quickly after casting. (13) For concrete, for a long time during the casting work time,
It is required to have a composition with little slump reduction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional ECL method, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for a formwork for placing concrete, to omit various operations related thereto, and to assemble and install reinforcing bars. Tunneling can be expected to have various effects such as a reduction in the thickness of the lining and a choice of concrete to be used, in addition to a drastic improvement in the workability by reducing the competing work at the face. An object of the present invention is to provide a lining method and a tunnel lining structure.

[0008]

According to the tunnel lining method of the present invention, joints 6 and 7 are formed on the outer periphery of the inner and outer flanges 4 and 5 of the metal frame 2 and the inner frame surface of the metal frame 2 is iron plate. The metal lining body 1 closed with the metal plate 3 and the outer frame surface is opened is used. By engaging the joints 6 and 7 of the metal lining 1 in the shield machine 20, a gap space 16 is formed between the metal frames 2 and 2, and the outer surface of the metal lining 1 is opened. Metal plate 3
Concrete is poured from the concrete pouring opening 8 provided in the metal frame 2, and concrete is also poured into the gap space 16 through the concrete filling port 14 provided in the webs 9 and 10 of the metal frame 2 from the concrete filling portion 24. ,
Further, the shield excavator 20 is excavated to bring the concrete into close contact with the ground from the concrete filling portion.

The tunnel lining structure of the present invention is a tunnel lining structure using a metal lining body 1 in which an inner frame surface of a metal frame 2 is closed with a metal plate 3 such as an iron plate and an outer frame surface is opened. The joints 6 and 7 are formed on the outer periphery of the inner and outer flanges 4 and 5 of the metal frame 2, the concrete plate 8 is provided in the metal plate 3, and the webs 9 and 10 of the metal frame 2 are provided.
Provided with a concrete spout 14 in the metal lining 1
(2) The gap space (16) is formed between the metal frames (2) by engaging the joints (6) and (7) of the metal lining. It is characterized in that concrete is poured from the opening 8 and concrete is also poured into the gap space 16 from the concrete filling portion 24 through the concrete pouring hole 14, and concrete is brought into close contact with the ground from the concrete filling portion 24. And

[0010]

According to the present invention, the metal lining corresponds to a conventional segment and also serves as a formwork for placing concrete. When press-fitting concrete into the concrete filling portion surrounded by the metal frame of the metal lining body, and taking a propulsion reaction force with the metal lining body to excavate the shield excavator,
Since the skin plate of the shield machine gradually opens the outer open surface of the metal lining, the concrete adheres to the ground from the concrete filling part, and the adhesion with the ground is extremely good and solid, In addition, the metal lining body is buried as it is, and it becomes a kind of high-strength steel reinforced concrete lining structure. Since the joints formed on the inner and outer flanges of the metal frames are engaged with each other, and concrete is poured from the concrete filling portion into the gap space between the metal frames. Bolts are not required for joining each other, and the joints are made of high-strength steel reinforced concrete like other parts.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of one metal lining (tunnel lining) 1 according to the present invention. This lining body 1 has a metal frame 2 which is rectangular as a whole and which is entirely curved in the circumferential direction of the tunnel in accordance with the tunnel cross section to be constructed, and a metal plate 3 such as an iron plate is integrally formed in the frame. The inner frame surface (curved inner surface) of the metal frame 2 is closed by the metal plate 3, and the outer frame surface (curved outer surface) is entirely open.

As shown in FIG. 2, the metal frame 2 is H-shaped or I-shaped.
Joint portions 6 and 7 which are symmetrical steps are formed on the outer peripheral portions of the inner and outer flange portions 4 and 5. At the center of the metal plate 3 is provided a concrete casting opening 8 made of a pipe. Further, a plurality of reinforcing bars 11 are arranged between the webs 9 and 10 facing the metal frame 1 in the tunnel axis direction, and one of the webs 12 and 13 facing the one web 9 in the tunnel circumferential direction is provided on one of the webs 12 and 13. , Each of which has a plurality of concrete outlets 14. In addition,
The reinforcing bar 11 may be omitted.

The metal linings 1 are assembled by joining them in the tunnel axial direction and the tunnel circumferential direction as will be described later. In the assembly, as shown in FIG. 1 and the joint portions 6 and 7 of the metal lining 1 adjacent to each other in the tunnel circumferential direction are engaged. In this case, a sealing material 15 is interposed between the joints 6 and 7.

When the cross section of each part of the metal frame 2 is H-shaped or I-shaped, a gap space 16 is formed between adjacent metal lining bodies 1 in the tunnel axial direction, and similarly, in the tunnel circumferential direction. A gap space is also formed between adjacent metal linings 1. The gap space 16 is filled with concrete through a concrete spout 14 as described later.

If the joints 6 and 7 are formed into a concave-convex fitting form as shown in FIG. 3, the joining between the metal linings 1 becomes more reliable.

Next, the metal lining 1 shown in FIGS.
The tunnel lining method of the present invention constructed by using the method will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG.
As the shield machine 20 used in the construction method of the present invention, a conventional shield construction machine using a conventional segment can be used as it is. However, in the present invention, the metal lining 1
Since bolts and nuts are not required for joining each other, it is easy to introduce an automatic segment assembling apparatus.

[0017] The metal lining 1 is made of an
1. Skin plate 2 of shield machine 20 gripped by 1
2 and is joined to the existing metal lining 1 as shown in FIG. 5 as shown in FIG.
It is supported by a dedicated self-propelled support device 23 as needed from the inside of 0. When the metal lining body 1 is installed in this way,
The open outer frame surface is closed by the skin plate 22, and a concrete filling portion 24 surrounded by the metal frame 2 is formed for each metal lining 1 as shown in FIG. Since the metal linings 1 are joined together by restricting their movement in and out of the tunnel by the joints 6 and 7, fastening by bolts and nuts is not always necessary. It is also conceivable to perform

Then, concrete 24 is poured into the concrete filling section 24 through the concrete placing opening 8. Then, when the concrete 25 is filled in the concrete filling portion 24 and the concrete is also filled in the gap space 16 through the concrete pouring port 14, the press-in of the concrete from the concrete placing port 8 is continued as shown in FIG. The shield excavator 20 is propelled by taking the reaction force of the propulsion jack 26 to the metal lining body 1. In this case, since the propulsion reaction force is taken only from the metal lining body 1, the concrete does not move.

When the shield excavator 20 is propelled, the skin plate 22 gradually opens the concrete filling portion 24 (the closed outer frame surface of the metal lining body 1 is opened). Filling section 2
From 4 is further injected into the ground around the tunnel. And
The pressurization from the concrete casting port 8 is applied to the skin plate 2
The concrete can be made denser by continuing until the required time even after the rear end of the metal lining body 1 comes off from the metal lining body 1.
The existing metal lining 1 after the concrete casting is also supported by the support device 23 until the concrete reaches a predetermined degree of hardening.

The tunnel lining structure thus constructed is a kind of steel-framed reinforced concrete structure in which the metal frame 2 and the reinforcing bar 11 are buried, and the inner surface thereof is made of a sealing material 1.
At 5, the gap is stopped and the entire surface is covered with the continuous metal plate 3.

The shape of the metal lining 1 is not limited to a rectangular shape. In the case of a metal lining for a curved section of a tunnel, the width in the tunnel axis direction is one side and the other side in the tunnel circumferential direction. The shape can be variously shaped, such as a different trapezoidal shape, a large dome shape as a whole, or the like. Further, the position and number of the concrete pouring holes 8 are also appropriate.

[0022]

The effects of the present invention are listed below. (1) In order to cast concrete as a form of embedding and closing a metal lining body in which the inner frame surface of a metal frame made of steel or the like is closed with a metal plate such as an iron plate and the outer frame surface is opened,
Unlike the conventional ECL method, there is no demolding / moving work of the inner formwork and rebar assembling work, so that the construction cycle can be significantly shortened. (2) Competitive work at the face can be reduced, and workability can be dramatically improved. (3) Bolts and nuts are not necessarily required for assembling the metal lining body. Therefore, the shield excavator for the normal shield method is used as it is, or the bolt and nut fastening device and the bolt and nut supply device are excluded therefrom. It is not necessary to specially manufacture the shield machine,
It is economical.

(4) In addition to the excellent cross-sectional performance of the metal lining body, the tunnel lining structure is a kind of steel-framed reinforced concrete structure in which a metal frame and a reinforcing bar are buried. The lining thickness can be reduced, and it is particularly effective for large depths and large diameters. (5) A high-quality lining structure that has high adhesion to the ground, is dense, and has high water blocking properties.

(6) Since the lining thickness can be reduced, the outer diameter of the shield machine can be made smaller than that of the shield machine using the conventional ECL method, and the amount of excavated soil and the mechanical cost can be reduced. it can. (7) Since concrete is cast on site in units of metal lining, it is not necessary to use continuous concrete, sufficient hardening time for concrete can be secured, or concrete that emphasizes workability can be selected. There are advantages.

(8) In the conventional ECL method, since the concrete is pressed in the axial direction during the propulsion of the shield machine and the propulsion reaction force is also taken from the concrete, there is a disadvantage that the hardening concrete moves. According to the present invention, concrete is press-fitted from a concrete placing hole provided in a metal plate of a metal-lined body, and the propulsion reaction force is taken only from the metal-lined body. (9) It is possible to effectively use both the properties of the concrete and the properties of the metal lining, to expect a synergistic effect, and to freely select the rigidity. (10) Since the shape of the metal lining can be freely selected and the concrete is cast in place in units of the metal lining,
Curve construction is also easy. (11) Since the joints formed on the inner and outer flanges of the metal frames are engaged with each other between the metal lining bodies, and concrete is poured from the concrete filling portion into the gap space between the metal frames. Bolts are not required for joining the lining bodies to each other, and the joints can be made of high-strength steel-framed reinforced concrete like other parts. (12) When concrete is press-fitted from a concrete pouring hole provided in a metal plate of a metal lining body, concrete can be poured into a concrete filling portion surrounded by a metal frame, and further, a gap between the concrete filling portion and the metal frame can be obtained. Concrete can also be cast in the gap space of, so that concrete can be cast efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a tunnel lining used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a joint portion between the tunnel lining bodies.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another example of the above.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an example of a method of the present invention constructed using a normal shield machine.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a construction procedure of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a next operation of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the next operation of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction procedure of a conventional ECL method.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the next operation of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the next operation of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the next operation of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal lining body 2 Metal frame 3 Metal plate 6 Joint part 7 Joint part 8 Concrete pouring port 14 Concrete spout 16 Gap space 20 Shield excavator 22 Skin plate 24 Concrete filling part

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsushi Sonoda 2-58-8 Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Intra-company (72) Inventor Susumu Tsuruoka 2-58-8 Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (72) Inventor Hiroshi Nakura 2-5-8 Kitaaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Intra-company group (56) References JP-A-1-125500 (JP, A) JP-A-1-187291 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A metal lining body in which a joint portion is formed on the outer periphery of an inner and outer flange portion of a metal frame, an inner frame surface of the metal frame is closed with a metal plate such as an iron plate and an outer frame surface is opened, A gap space is formed between the metal frames by engaging the joints of the metal linings in the shield machine, and the metal plate is provided on the metal plate at the concrete filling portion where the outer surface of the metal lining is open. Concrete is poured from the concrete pouring opening, and concrete is also poured from the concrete filling portion into the gap space through a concrete pouring hole provided on the web of the metal frame, and further a shield excavator is excavated. A tunnel lining method characterized by bringing concrete into close contact with the ground from the concrete filling section. 2. A tunnel lining structure using a metal lining body in which an inner frame surface of a metal frame is closed with a metal plate such as an iron plate and an outer frame surface is opened, and a joint is provided on the outer periphery of inner and outer flange portions of the metal frame. A metal pouring hole is provided in the metal plate, and a concrete pouring hole is provided in the web of the metal frame. A gap space is formed between the frames, concrete is poured from the concrete pouring opening into the concrete filling portion where the outer surface of the metal lining is open, and the gap is passed through the concrete pouring hole from the concrete filling portion. Tunnel lining structure, wherein concrete is poured into the space, and concrete is brought into close contact with the ground from the concrete filling portion. .