JP2545920Y2 - Floor material - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a flooring substrate, a plywood in which veneers are laminated and bonded with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other, and a parallel plywood (LV.
L. ) Is used as a substrate, and flooring materials in which a decorative sheet such as a veneer is adhered to the surface of the plywood are known, and these plywoods can supply large-sized boards stably in large quantities.
In addition, it is widely used as a floor material substrate because of its excellent dimensional stability.

[0003]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this plywood
Due to the lamination and production of veneers made of natural wood stripped thinly, the issue of depletion of natural resources has become a major issue around the world, making it difficult to cut down the raw wood as a raw material and deteriorating the quality of the raw wood This makes it difficult to obtain a large amount of high quality veneer used for veneer, and it becomes difficult to supply a large amount of high quality plywood to the market. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an aspiration to provide an alternative to plywood as a flooring substrate.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been accomplished as a result of devise for the purpose of providing a flooring made of a novel laminate which can be used as a substitute for plywood.

That is, in the present invention, the surface wood veneer layer 1, the surface wood fiber layer 4, the middle wood veneer layer 2, the middle wood fiber layer 5, and the back wood veneer layer 3 are integrated in this order from the front side. And
In the floorboard in which male 5 and female 6 are formed on the side,
As the surface wood fiber layer 4 and the middle powder fiber layer 5, the hard layers 41, 42, having a higher specific gravity than the center layer in the thickness direction.
Using a wood fiber board obtained by a dry method having 51 and 52 on the front and back layers, the lower hard layer 42 of the surface wood fiber layer 4 on the upper surface of the male seed 5 and the upper hard layer 42 of the back wood fiber layer 5 on the lower surface. It is a floor material that has formed a fruit so that the layer 51 is located.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the laminated board of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the flooring of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the flooring of the present invention is:
From the front side, a surface wood veneer layer 1, a surface wood fiber layer 4, a middle wood veneer layer 2, a middle wood fiber layer 5, and a back wood veneer layer 3 are laminated and integrated in this order.

The wood veneers used for the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 2 and the back wood veneer layer 3 of the flooring material of the present invention are made of raw wood of softwood and hardwood, and are made of rotary lace and slicer. For example, a softwood veneer and a hardwood veneer obtained by cutting using a cutting device can be used. In the flooring material of the present invention, the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer veneer layer 2 and the back wood veneer veneer layer 3 are arranged such that the direction of the wood fiber of each veneer is parallel depending on the required performance. The layers are stacked so as to be orthogonal to each other.

When the layers are stacked so as to be parallel, they are preferably arranged so as to be parallel to the length direction of the floor material. By adopting such a fiber direction, the bending strength in the length direction as the floor material becomes extremely excellent, and in general, such as nailing construction on joists, the end in the length direction is formed by the underlying structural material. It becomes very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires bending strength in the longitudinal direction, such as a flooring material that is constructed to support.

Further, even when a local load is applied to the surface of the flooring material, as in the case where the flooring material is used as a sound-insulating flooring material having a cushioning material bonded to the back surface thereof, the flooring material does not bend partially and the entire flooring material is loaded. Can be held.

In general, a wooden veneer has a contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction which is 5 to 20 times larger than the contraction and expansion in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer by absorbing and releasing moisture.
The rate of change between the direction parallel to the fiber and the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction is significantly different. For this reason, by arranging the fiber directions of the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer veneer layer 2, and the back wood veneer veneer layer 3 in parallel, the fiber direction of the veneer is perpendicular to the fiber direction of moisture absorption and desorption. Only contraction-expansion movement will occur. Therefore, the floor material of the present invention does not warp in the length direction.

Further, even if warpage occurs in the width direction, since the dimensional ratio in the width direction is smaller than that in the length direction,
The effect of the contraction or expansion of the veneer on the warpage of the flooring material is very small, and no warping that is problematic occurs.

The surface wood veneer 1, the middle wood veneer 2 and the back wood veneer 3 may be made of the same veneer or of different thickness. By having the same plate thickness, the contraction and expansion in the width direction due to the absorption and release of moisture is balanced between the front surface and the rear surface, and warpage hardly occurs.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the surface wood veneer layer 1 can be thinner than the thickness of the back wood veneer layer 3. In general, the contraction and expansion of wood veneer due to the absorption and release of moisture is stronger than that of water absorption due to the release of water, and the warping of the flooring material is almost always caused by this contraction.

Therefore, by making the surface wood veneer layer 1 thinner than the back wood veneer layer 3, the force of contraction of both veneers due to the release of moisture is stronger on the back side. For this reason, the floor material shown in FIG. 2 is curved in an arch shape with the center portion lifted in the width direction due to the release of moisture, and the bending strength in the longitudinal direction is improved as compared with a conventional simple flat floor material. Even when a large load is applied, bending in the longitudinal direction hardly occurs.

On the other hand, when the fibers are laminated so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the surface wood veneer layer 1 and the back wood veneer layer 3
Are arranged in parallel, and the fiber directions of the intermediate wood veneer layer 2 are perpendicular to these fiber directions.

By arranging in this manner, the effect of suppressing the contraction and expansion of the veneer in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption is produced. The expansion becomes uniform, the dimensional stability of the laminate is excellent, and the floor is hardly warped.

[0017] Further, since the fiber direction of the veneer is orthogonal, the bending strength in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer is high, so that the floor material has excellent bending strength in the length direction and width direction. Is shown.

Further, it is preferable that the fiber directions of the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the back wood fiber layer 3 are arranged in parallel with the length direction of the floor material. By adopting such a fiber direction, the bending strength in the longitudinal direction as the floor material becomes excellent, and the longitudinal end is generally supported by the foundation structural material such as nailing on a joist set. It is very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires bending strength in the length direction, such as a flooring material to be constructed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wood fiber board used as the middle wood fiber layer 4 and the back wood fiber layer 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the middle wood fiber layer 4 as an example. 41, 42, and a wood fiber board having a three-layer structure obtained by integral molding with a central layer 43 formed therebetween, the upper side formed on the surface layer and the back face of the wood fiber board;
The lower hard layers 41 and 42 have an average specific gravity of 0.1 mm.
8 to 1.4 g / cm ³ , between which the central layer 4
3 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.75 g / cm ³ ,
The hard layers 41 and 42 have a specific gravity of at least 0.1 g / cm ³ or more, preferably 0.3 to 0.8 g, as compared with the specific gravity of the center layer 43.
/ Cm ³ preferably. Similarly, the back wood fiber layer 5 includes an upper hard layer 51, a lower hard layer 52, and a center layer 53.

Since the hard layers having higher specific gravity and higher tensile strength and compressive strength than the central layer are arranged on the front and back layers, the surface hardness is high and the scratch is hardly formed, and the plate material as a whole has excellent bending strength. In addition, a plate having a very small amount of deflection under a unit load is obtained.

Such a hard layer can be used to increase the water content of the wood fibers in the front and back layers during heating and pressing in the process of manufacturing the wood fiber board by the dry method, or to reduce the amount of the adhesive added to the wood fibers. By increasing the thickness, a layer having a locally higher specific gravity than other portions can be formed.

These wood fiber boards have a dimensional change rate per 1% of water content of 0.03-0.
Since it has an excellent stability of 04%, it has a function of suppressing the shrinkage and expansion of the wooden veneer layer, and provides a flooring material having excellent dimensional stability.

Further, the hard layer formed on the front and back layers of the wood fiber board has a higher water impermeability than the center layer, and thus has an effect of remarkably reducing the water absorption into the floor material. The dimensional change can be further reduced.

Also, by laminating the hard layers on the front and back surfaces of the respective wood fiber boards in a state where the hard layers are exposed, the wood fiber board having high specific gravity and high strength is adhered to the wood veneer with an adhesive. Therefore, the bonding strength of the bonding surface between the respective plate materials becomes very high.

Further, since the central layer having a low specific gravity is present between the hard layers having a high specific gravity as described above, the weight of the plate material is very light and the bending strength is excellent.

In addition, since the hard layer exposed on the front and back surfaces and the central layer disposed therebetween are formed as a single sheet material integrally formed by heating and pressing in the wood fiber board manufacturing process,
The hard layer and the center layer are integrally continuous with each other by entanglement of the wood fibers.
In the case where two plate members are formed, the problem of peeling between the plate members does not occur.

Further, the wood fiber board used in the present invention is used in a state where the hard layer is exposed on the front and back surfaces before lamination with the wood veneer. It is more excellent and preferable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hard layer 4 on the back side of the surface wood fiber layer 4 is formed on the upper surface of the middle wood veneer layer 2 as shown in FIG.
2 are arranged so as to remain, and a middle layer of wood fiber layer 5 is provided on the lower surface.
Is formed such that the front surface side hard layer 51 remains, so that the front and back surfaces of the male real become smooth, and the male real and the female real can be fitted smoothly. In addition, by sandwiching the veneer with the hard layer, the hard layer portion plays a role similar to the veneer cloth in the plywood, thereby strengthening the male body.

Further, in the flooring material of the present invention, the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 2 and the back wood veneer layer 3 are arranged so that the fiber direction thereof is parallel to the length direction of the flooring material. The hard layers formed on the front and back surfaces of the surface wood fiber layer 4 and the middle wood fiber layer 5 disposed between the wood veneers strengthen the bending strength in the longitudinal direction of the flooring material, and the hard layers are formed in both the width direction and the length direction. It shows excellent bending strength and plays the role of a veneer cloth in conventional plywood, and the flooring laminated with these has excellent bending strength especially in the longitudinal direction and has no problem in the width direction. is there.

Further, even when the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 2 and the back wood veneer layer 3 are arranged so that their fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the absorption is achieved by this arrangement. The effect of suppressing the contraction and expansion movement in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture release is produced, and the contraction and expansion in the length direction and width direction of the flooring material become even, and the dimensional stability as a laminate And a flooring material that is less likely to warp.

Further, since the fiber direction of the veneer is orthogonal, the bending strength in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer is high, so that the floor material has excellent bending strength in the length direction and the width direction. Is shown.

Further, it is preferable that the fiber directions of the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the back wood fiber layer 3 are arranged in parallel with the length direction of the floor material. By adopting such a fiber direction, the bending strength in the longitudinal direction as the floor material becomes excellent, and the longitudinal end is generally supported by the foundation structural material such as nailing on a joist set. It is very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires bending strength in the length direction, such as a flooring material to be constructed.

The wood fiber used as the raw material of the wood fiber board used as the surface wood fiber layer 4 and the back wood fiber layer 5 of the present invention is softwood such as pine, cedar, cypress, etc., or lauan, kapole, chestnut. Wood fibers obtained by cutting wood chips obtained by cutting parts or waste wood that cannot be used as planks or squares from hardwood such as poplar and wood, as well as sander dust and sawdust generated during the manufacture of wood fiber board In addition, waste materials such as chip dust can be mixed and used.

The wood fiber board used as the surface wood fiber layer 4 and the back wood fiber layer 5 of the present invention is formed by, for example, forming a wood fiber dried and dried by adding an adhesive in a manufacturing process of a dry wood fiber board. It is deposited on a screen conveyor by a device, the thickness is adjusted by a shaving rotor, the wood fiber mat is obtained by temporarily pressing, and then the wood fiber mat obtained by heating and pressing a fixed size mat cut to a certain size is obtained. Specific gravity fiberboard is used.

A nonwoven fabric in which water is applied or contained on the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed-size mat obtained in the same manner as above.
By placing a water-retaining sheet-like material such as paper or cloth and heating and pressing it, the water applied or contained in the sheet-like material is heated and pressed while being held in the wood fibers of the front and back layers. A hard layer having a very high specific gravity can be formed on the front and back surfaces.

As forming devices for depositing wood fibers on the screen conveyor, three forming devices for separately forming the back layer forming wood fibers, the middle layer forming wood fibers, and the surface layer forming wood fibers and depositing them on the screen conveyor. For example, adding 3 to 5% by weight of the adhesive to the center layer forming wood fiber and adding 1 to the surface layer forming wood fiber and the back layer wood fiber.
By heating and pressing after adding 0 to 30% by weight, the specific gravity of the hard layer can be increased and the strength can be improved in accordance with the above-described method of forming the hard layer using moisture.

In a similar forming apparatus,
2-8 as the back layer forming wood fiber and the surface layer forming wood fiber
The coating agent containing or containing the weight% sizing agent is supplied to the forming apparatus, and the back layer, the middle layer, and the surface layer
After laminating and stacking the layers of wood fibers, the content of the sizing agent in the surface layer and the back layer can be adjusted to 2% by weight or more by heating and pressing.

In this manner, the front and back surfaces of the wood fiber board are
A hard layer having higher specific gravity and higher water impermeability than the center layer is formed. In addition, since the specific gravity distribution occurs even in the hard layer of the obtained wood fiber board, sanding is performed as necessary, and the layer (surface) having a particularly high specific gravity among the hard layers is exposed to the surface, so that the water impermeability, Performance such as bending strength and deflection is further improved.

[0039]

[Effects of the Invention] The flooring material of the present invention uses a wood fiber board obtained by heating and pressing wood fibers, and the wood fiber layer is obtained by crushing or fibrillating a small-sized raw wood that cannot be used as a veneer. Since it can be obtained by using, resources can be used effectively and it can help to prevent natural destruction.

Further, the surface wood veneer layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 2 and the back wood veneer layer 3 are laminated so that the fiber directions thereof are parallel to each other. By being arranged in such a way, the bending strength in the longitudinal direction as the floor material becomes very excellent, and the longitudinal end is generally supported by the underlying structural material, such as nailing work on joists. Like flooring to be constructed

This is very suitable for use as a flooring material which requires bending strength in the length direction. In addition, such a fiber direction does not cause warping in the length direction of the flooring material due to absorption and release of moisture. Further, the wood fiber board laminated between the surface wood fiber layer and the middle wood fiber layer laminated between the three wood veneers described above has a water content of 1%.
The dimensional change rate per% is equal to 0 in the length direction and the width direction.
Since it has an excellent stability of 03 to 0.04%, the floor material has an effect of suppressing the contraction and expansion of the wooden veneer layer and has excellent dimensional stability.

Further, the hard layer formed on the front and back layers of the wood fiber board has a higher water impermeability than the center layer, and therefore has an effect of remarkably reducing water absorption into the board material. The change can be even smaller.

Further, in the male form formed on the side surface of the flooring material, the hard layer below the surface wood fiber layer is disposed on the upper surface centering on the middle wood veneer layer,
By forming the male fruit on the lower surface so that the upper hard layer of the middle wood fiber layer remains, the front and back surfaces of the male fruit become smooth, and the male fruit and the female fruit can be fitted smoothly.

Further, by sandwiching the veneer with the hard layer, the hard layer portion plays a role similar to the cross veneer in the plywood, thereby strengthening the male body. Furthermore, the flooring material of the present invention has a surface wood veneer layer, a middle wood veneer layer, and a backing wood veneer layer in which the bending strength in the longitudinal direction of the flooring material is enhanced, and the surface wood material disposed between the wood veneers. The hard layer formed on the front and back of the fiber layer and the middle wood fiber layer shows excellent bending strength in both the width direction and the length direction, and serves as a cross veneer in conventional plywood,
The floor material on which these are laminated is particularly excellent in bending strength in the longitudinal direction, and has no problem in the width direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the floor material of the present invention in the width direction.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction when the surface wood veneer layer 1 is similarly thinned.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the middle wood fiber layer 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Surface wood veneer layer, 2: Medium wood veneer layer, 3: Back wood veneer layer, 4: Surface wood fiber layer, 41: Lower hard layer, 4
2: upper hard layer, 43: center layer, 5: middle layer wood fiber layer,
51: upper hard layer, 52: lower hard layer, 53; central layer.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location E04F 15/04 9232-2E E04F 15/04 F

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] Claims: 1. A surface wood veneer layer, a surface wood fiber layer, a middle wood veneer layer, a middle wood fiber layer, and a back wood veneer layer are laminated and integrated in this order from the surface side, and male and female In the floorboard on which the fruit is formed, using a wood fiber board obtained by a dry method having a hard layer having a higher specific gravity than the center layer in the thickness direction on the front and back layers as a surface wood fiber layer and a middle wood fiber layer, A floor material formed so that the lower hard layer of the surface wood fiber layer is located on the upper surface of the upper layer and the upper hard layer of the back wood fiber layer is located on the lower surface. 2. The flooring material according to claim 1, wherein the surface wood veneer layer, the middle woody veneer layer and the backing wood veneer layer are laminated such that the fiber direction is parallel to the length direction of the flooring material. . 3. The flooring material according to claim 1, wherein the surface wood veneer layer, the middle wood veneer layer and the back wood veneer layer are laminated so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other.