JP2510701B2 - Ultra-equilibrium gas-containing water production equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Industrial Field of the Invention The present invention stabilizes a gas in excess to superequilibrium gas-containing water, ie, equilibrium conditions corresponding to saturation at any given temperature and pressure. The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing water contained in.

[Conventional technology]

It is well known that various gases can be dissolved in water and that any particular gas is always present in a unit volume of water under any given temperature and pressure in a well-defined maximum or saturation amount. In the case of oxygen, such data can be found, for example, in the “Standard Methods for Testing Water and Wastewater (Stan Water),” published and published by the American Public Health Association.
dard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wast
e Water) ”(edited by Mary Ann H. Frason
(16th edition)]. Chapter 421 of this book, including these tables, describes in detail how dissolved oxygen can be determined. Similar data can be found in other physics textbooks for other gases.

It is also known that water can become supersaturated by gas when it is vigorously mixed or sprinkled under a gas atmosphere or when the gas is introduced into water under high pressure. However, in such cases,
The excess amount of gas is not taken in by water in a stable condition, and when pressure or vigorous movement is completed, it bubbles out of the water within a short time.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing water with a stable uptake of oxygen, carbon dioxide or some other gas in water.

[Means for solving the problem]

According to the invention, a device for introducing gas into water, comprising:
A hollow container (1) having a substantially spherical upper part (2) and a narrow lower part (4) tapering according to the lower end and having circular symmetry with respect to an axis, and an upper part of an intermediate part of the container (1). A duct (13) extending obliquely from the container and forming an acute angle with the tangential plane of the container (1), a hollow element (21) having several tangential holes (24) and an outlet opening, a reaction chamber inner wall and the above A reaction chamber (15) having a pressure chamber formed between it and a hollow element (21) and having a tangential hole (24) communicating with said pressure chamber, and a pump (14) for forcedly circulating water. And the water inside the container (1) is
There is provided an apparatus which is connected in a closed loop state so as to flow in the order from the reaction chamber (15) and the duct (13) and circulate in the container (1) by pumping.

In the present invention, the gas means a substance in a gas phase at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and includes gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, helium and argon.

In the present invention, the water can be appropriately selected depending on the application, and for example, tap water, distilled water, deionized water or the like is used.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The general arrangement of the first aspect of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. The container 1 includes a substantially spherical upper portion 2 and an intermediate portion 3 having a substantially hyperbolic surface shape that tapers downward.
And an elongated, slightly tapered lower portion 4 with a hollow interior having a droplet shape. The upper part 2 and the intermediate part 3 are convex, and the lower part 4 is concave. Therefore, the middle part 3 and the lower part 4
A curved surface is formed between and. Inside the container 1 is a rotating shaft 5
Are arranged symmetrically around. In a preferred embodiment, the container 1 is made of glass which allows observation of the processes that occur therein. 3 ducts 6 on the upper wall of the upper part 2,
7 and 8 are provided in which the ducts 6 and 7 are sealed.

This arrangement includes a tank 9 filled with water. The cylindrical dish 10 is immersed in water from its opening side. The duct 11 forms the closed bottom of the dish 10. The flexible conduit 12 comprises a duct 8 and a dish 10 on top of the container 1.
It is connected to the duct 11 of.

The container 1 further has two openings. The duct 13 has an intermediate portion 2 at a substantial height where the container has a maximum diameter.
Extends diagonally from the upper part of the. The duct 13 makes an acute angle with the equatorial plane and the tangential plane of the container, respectively. Its axis points slightly inward and upward with respect to the interior direction of the container. These angles are usually less than 30 °. The second of these openings is below the open bottom of the lower part 4 of the container 1.

Between the lower end of the lower part 4 and the diagonal duct 13, a pump
14, a water recirculation path consisting of a reaction chamber 15 and three conduits 16, 17 and 18 is provided. Second design of reaction chamber 15
Shown in Figures and 3.

Reaction chamber 15 is open at one end 19 and opposite end 20
Comprising a cylindrical wall closed at. Within this cylinder a hollow element 21 is defined, which element has a circular rim 22 which is connected to the inside of the cylinder at the central part of the cylinder. The first part 23 of this element 21 has the form of a hollow paraboloid of revolution located in the closed chamber between the rim 22 and the closed end 20 of the reaction chamber 15. At the height of about 1/3 of the paraboloid 23, the element 21
A number of uniformly distributed tangential holes 24 are provided through the wall of the. In the illustrated example embodiment, this number is five. Extending from the closed end 20 of the reaction chamber 15 is a duct 25 slightly inclined with respect to the axis of the reaction chamber. The element 21 comprises a second part 26 communicating with the first part 23 in the plane of the rim 22 and this part has the form of a continuous hyperbola which is continuous as a short cylindrical duct 27. In the preferred embodiment, the reaction chamber 15 is made of glass.

Next, how the super-equilibrium gas-containing water is produced will be described using the apparatus shown in FIGS. The manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a shielding container (not shown) under an oxygen gas atmosphere.

First, the sealed cork of the duct 7 is opened and the container 1 is filled with 10 l of ordinary tap water (for example, procured in Zurich, Switzerland). The volume of the container 1 is such that the height of the water is about 2 inches above the duct 13. The duct 7 is closed, resealed, the pump 14 is started to allow water to flow through the system, so that any air present in the conduits 16, 17 and 18 and the reaction chamber 15 is also released into the space above the horizon. To
Next, the pump is stopped, the cock connected to the duct 6 is opened, and oxygen is introduced into the inner space of the dish 10 through the water in the tank 9. The supply of oxygen is sufficient to remove (extrude) air from the free space above the level of water in the dish 10, conduit 12 and vessel 1. After a while, tank 6
When the cock is closed, pure oxygen has filled the entire gas volume in vessel 1 and dish 10.

At this point, the height of the water in the dish 10 is equal to the height of the water in the tank 9.

In this arrangement, pump 14 is started. This pump has an output of 25 l / min. The conduits 16, 17 and 18 have an equal inner diameter of about 16 mm. The direction of flow is indicated by the arrow in FIG. As water is passed through the reaction chamber 15, it flows through the tangential holes 24 and a first vortex is formed in the first part 23 forming the hollow paraboloid of the element 21. The rotating water flow component first flows in the direction of the closed end of the paraboloid, from which it is reflected forward, combines with other front components, and rotates rapidly due to the exponentially tapered shape of element 21. The flowing water flows in the conduit 18 toward the container 1. The arrow 28 in FIG. 1 indicates that this water is rotating in the conduit 18. This water flows tangentially into the container 1 through the oblique inlet duct 13.

In the container 1, the water that was quiet earlier started to swirl,
A second spiral is formed. It takes some time (about 1-2 minutes) for the steady state formation of the spiral in the vessel 1.
The inventor has taken a number of photographs from the formation of spirals and FIGS. 5-7 illustrate some of these photographs.

As is clear from these figures, a tornado spiral is formed after various turns. In the spiral there is a substantially cylindrical central hollow part extending to the bottom of the lower part 4 of the container 1. The velocity of the water particles in the spiral is extremely high. The rotation speed at the top and maximum diameter of the spiral is about 50 rpm, and this velocity increases almost exponentially in the downward direction.
This velocity can be calculated by taking into account that the volume flowing at any height is constant, so that the velocity is proportional to the actual water cross section around the spiral.

Even if the swirl stabilizes in the container 1, the pump 14 continues to operate. After a while, the height of the water in the dish 10 starts to increase relative to the height of the water in the tank 9. This indicates that some of the oxygen present in the volume above the water was taken up by the circulating water.

FIG. 4 schematically shows how to calculate the amount of oxygen taken up by circulating water. The original water height in the dish is indicated by reference numeral 29. When the height increase is H, the cross-sectional area of the dish 10 is A. Oxygen uptake is V = A
It can be represented by × H.

It is known that the density of oxygen is d = 1.43 mg / cm ³ at 0 ° C. If you want to express oxygen consumption in mg, mg
The oxygen mass at is m = d × A × H. The unit of product in A × H should be cubic cm units.

This oxygen is taken up by the water volume. When expressing the relative amount of oxygen in the circulating water, Co × = d × A × H / Vw is calculated. This equation expresses the excess oxygen uptaken by water during the process in mg / l, given that the volume of water Vw is expressed in l.

Since ordinary tap water is practically saturated after free flowing water for a while, it is sufficiently considered that the tap water filled in the container 1 is almost saturated with dissolved oxygen. At room temperature this corresponds to a concentration of substantially 9 mg / l.

In the illustrated embodiment, the dish 10 has a diameter of 10 cm and the volume of water is Vw = 10 l. Substituting these data into the equation for oxygen concentration gives Co = 11.225H. H to cm
If measured in units, Co will be in mg / l at T = 0 ° C. At 20 ° C, Co is 10.46H.

 The total oxygen concentration is obtained by adding the starting concentration to the calculated value.

Table 1 below summarizes the measurement and calculation results of a series of tests conducted between May 13 and June 3, 1987.

The value of 9 mg / l in the first column of the total concentration column corresponds to the initial dissolved oxygen concentration of water.

FIG. 8 illustrates the data presented in Table 1. The test with water ended on June 3, 1987. At this point the pump was switched to leave only the closed system. The difference in height remained unchanged during the following 5 days. This indicated that the gas ingested by the circulating water was stably taken up in the water. The results show that there were no gas leaks in the device.

Container 5 is opened after the 5th day and oxygenated water is added under normal pressure.
Fill 0.1 liter and 0.2 liter vials.

Routine dissolved oxygen tests were performed on water taken from the oxygenated water at a temperature of 20.5 ° C with a Yellow Springs Instruments Co. Inc. Model 54 Oxygen Meter. The device showed a dissolved oxygen concentration of only 8.5 mg / l.

FIG. 9 shows a device similar to the device shown in FIG. The container 1, the pump 14 and the reaction chamber 15 are those used in the first embodiment. Tank 9 and dish 10 shown in FIG.
Instead of a gas source 30 to supply oxygen and a syringe (without needle)
Use 31. The gas source 30, the syringe 31, and the duct 8 are the conduit 12 (12a, 1a) provided with glass cocks 32, 33, and 34, respectively.
2b, 12c). Further, the duct 6 is connected to the conduit 35, the end of the conduit 35 is accommodated in a trap 36 containing water, and the trap 36 is connected to a glass cock 37.

First, the duct 7 is opened, 10 l of distilled water is filled in the container 1, and then the duct 7 is closed.

The glass cocks 32, 34 and 37 are opened and the pusher (piston) 31a of the syringe 31 is removed from the syringe 31. For a while, the glass cock 33 is opened to inject oxygen into the flow passage so as to expel the air existing inside. The pusher 31a is set on the syringe 31 so that the measuring scale becomes 200 ml. After the glass cock 33 is closed, the water level in the trap 36 is matched with the water level in the conduit 35, and the glass cock 37 is closed. When the pump 14 is started, the pressure inside the container 1 is reduced, the pressure inside the conduit 35 is also reduced, and the water level in the conduit 35 becomes higher than the water level in the trap 36. Pump twice a day
After stopping 14, the oxygen in the syringe 31 is pushed through the pusher 31a so that the water level in the trap 36 matches the water level in the conduit 35. When the oxygen in the syringe 31 is exhausted, the glass cock 34 is closed, the glass cock 33 is opened, and the gas source 30 and the syringe 31 are connected to inject oxygen into the syringe as described above. The series of measurement results thus obtained are shown below.
The measurement results are shown as the values measured every morning at 8:30.

At the end of the experiment, pump 14 was stopped and left unattended. There was no uptake or release of oxygen on the first day after the pump was stopped. 16 ml of oxygen was observed on the second day after the pump was stopped and 24 ml of oxygen was observed on the third day. There was no uptake or release of oxygen after the 4th day. From the 4th day, it can be said that the water containing the super-equilibrium gas became stable.

Next, the measurement results when carbon dioxide gas was used as the gas source instead of oxygen are shown below.

At the end of the experiment, pump 14 was stopped and left unattended. On the first day after the pump was stopped, carbon dioxide was not ingested or released. Emission of 2 ml of carbon dioxide was observed on the second day after the pump was stopped and 116 ml on the third day. From the 4th day onward, carbon dioxide was not ingested or released. From the 4th day, it can be said that the water containing the super-equilibrium gas became stable.

Next, FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the apparatus used to measure the stability of the water containing the super-equilibrium gas obtained above.

The Erlenmeyer flask 46 contains water containing super equilibrium gas, and the upper space is filled with air. This Erlenmeyer flask 46
It is placed on a stand 47 and can be heated by a burner 48 from below. The upper end of the Erlenmeyer flask 46 is sealed with a stopper. Further, a serpentine cooling tube 44 is provided in the upper part of the triangular flask 46. The serpentine cooling pipe 44 is constantly cooled by cooling water (not shown). The upper end of the flexible tube cooling pipe 44 is sealed with a stopper and is connected to the syringe 40 via a glass tube 42 and a silicon tube 41. First, set the piston on the scale "0". 20.8 when detecting oxygen in the atmosphere with a gas sighter for measuring oxygen concentration (manufactured by Gastec Co., Ltd.)
% Concentration was given. Next, as shown in FIG. 10, water containing superequilibrium gas (oxygen) is put into the triangular flask 46, and the burner 48
Boil for 1 hour. When boiled, the pusher of the syringe 40 is pushed back. The syringe 40 was removed, and the concentration of the air in the syringe 40 was measured with the same gas detector as described above. The measurement result is
It was 21.2%. From this, it can be said that oxygen taken into the superequilibrium gas-containing water is in a stable state. The same stability measurement test was performed on carbon dioxide.
The measuring instrument is a gas detector for measuring carbon dioxide concentration
Gas Tech). The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is
It was 0.03%. The concentration after boiling for 2 hours is 5.0%,
The concentration after boiling for 5 hours is 5.2% and 5.3 after boiling for 7 hours.
% And 5.3% after boiling for 9 hours (45.5 ml when converted from the total value of the spatial volume in FIG. 10). Therefore, the superequilibrium gas-containing water became stable after 7 hours from boiling.

Hereinafter, specific examples showing various uses and effects of the water containing superequilibrium gas according to the present invention will be described. For the sake of simplicity, the oxygen-rich water according to the invention is referred to below as "oxygenated water".

Example 1 Two drops of freshly collected human blood were placed on a clean glass plate. One drop of tap water was added to the first blood sample. The blood thus diluted became brighter in color and began to clot about 10 seconds after administration of water.

The second sample was diluted with one drop of oxidizing added water. Coagulation started and completed immediately and the blood color did not change.

 The respective dilutions of these blood samples were performed simultaneously.

This excellent coagulation stimulating property of oxygenated water was utilized in Ott's dental practice. Application of oxygenated water substantially reduces bleeding.

Example 2 An alcoholic beverage (Brandy) was given to 6 humans. The amount of alcohol in their blood was measured 1 hour after alcohol consumption. Average alcohol concentration measured is 1.3 ‰
(Changed between 1.25 and 1.38). Concentrations were expressed as the quotient of pure alcohol consumed and body weight multiplied by a distribution factor of 0.7 for men and 0.6 for women. In Switzerland this is the standard method of indicating alcohol concentration. The limit for operation is 0.8 ‰, and if this value is higher than about 2-3.5 ‰, humans become unconscious, and concentrations above about 4 ‰ can be fatal.

At the time when the sample was taken, each person was given 1 dl of oxygenated water produced from tap water using the apparatus shown in FIG.
Blood samples were taken again after about 1.5 hours and the alcohol concentration of these blood samples was measured. The average of these measurements was an alcohol concentration of 0.3 ‰, and the deviation among the tested humans was very small.

Their human reports after consuming oxygenated water made them feel better after about 30 minutes and gradually diminished the signs of alcohol effects. By the time blood samples were taken, they were completely silaf and completely restrained.

The normal rate of decrease in alcohol concentration in the blood is about 0 per hour.
It should be noted that it is 1 ‰. Comparing this normal value with the test result (decrease rate was 1.5% in time), the presence of 1 dl of oxygenated water increased the alcohol metabolism in the human body by about 7 times to a higher rate. I understand.

Example 3 Ten women with candidiasis due to the presence of Candida albicans were selected. The areas of illness were below the chest (6), between the fingers (3) and the genital and anal areas (3).

2 areas of disease and their vicinity within a 2 cm excess radius
Oxygenated water was smeared twice a day for a week. No other treatment was used.

Patients reported pain relief after about 3 days of treatment. The skin area had not yet healed by that time. The earliest healing was experienced below the chest area. It happened by about day 7 of treatment. The slowest healing was experienced between the fingers and at the tips of the fingers. In those cases, healing occurred by the end of days 10-12. For the genital and anal areas, healing was experienced 10 to 13 days later.

All patients were examined at 1 week and then 1 month after treatment. At one week's examination, there was a slight recurrence in one patient treated between the fingers. The area was turning red again. When the treatment was repeated for another 4 days, the patient was cured. She was healthy in the control after one month. Patients were cured in all other control tests.

Example 4 Seven male patients suffered from first grade frostbite (frostbite skin). The frostbite area was the hands and feet and in one case the ears.

The frostbite area was treated three times a day with a thin bacterial cloth presoaked in oxygenated water. After drying the water on the area,
The wound was tied with intact gauze. No other treatment other than vitamins was applied.

Severe pain began to decrease by the second or third day of treatment and stopped completely within an additional 3-5 days. Soon,
The natural color of the skin returned and in all cases was completely healed by day 10 of treatment.

Example 5 Absorbent cotton was placed on a Petri dish and 50 seeds of alfalaf palm were sown on it. The absorbent cotton was thoroughly immersed in oxygenated water. The wetness of the cotton was maintained by individual feeding of oxygenated water. After about 2 days, the germination rate was examined and it was found that 70% of the seeds germinated.
The germination rate was 50% with respect to the control using normal water without oxygenation. As a result, the immersion in oxygenated water is 20
It was found to lead to a high germination rate. Furthermore, when the growth rate was observed about 5 days later, the average growth was 23 mm in the control group.
It was found to be 28 mm compared to. Taking this into consideration, it was found that oxygenated water can be effective in promoting plant growth.

Example 6 This example relates to the effect of water comprising carbon dioxide according to the present invention. In the apparatus shown in FIGS.
The time was maintained, and oxygen was replaced with carbon dioxide. Absorbent cotton was placed on a petri dish and 50 seeds of Echinacea chinensis placed on it. This absorbent cotton was sufficiently dipped in water containing carbon dioxide. The wetness of the cotton was maintained by individual feeding of water containing carbon dioxide. After about 2 days, when the germination rate was examined,
It was found that 50% of the seeds germinated, which did not differ from the 50% germination rate in normal water. When the growth rate after about 5 days was observed, the average growth rate was 21 mm in average in the control group using normal water under the same conditions.
It turned out to be 25 mm. From these results, it was found that water containing carbon dioxide according to the present invention is effective in promoting plant growth.

The above examples are steady state excess amounts of gas according to the invention,
Especially water containing oxygen, air and carbon dioxide has many different fields of application, and shows that the results in these fields are surprisingly significant. Of course, there can be many more fields of application and many beneficial effects.

For such direct applications, the question may be whether overdosing of oxygenated water is possible. In human tissues, there is a control system that prevents hemoglobin from absorbing too much oxygen even if oxygen is provided in excess through the intestinal membrane. Excess oxygen can be dangerous only when inhaled through the lungs.

 Next, various aspects of the present invention will be listed.

1. the internal cross-sectional areas of the outlet part of the lower part of the vessel (4), that of the oblique duct (13) and of the conduits (16,17,18) in the feedback path are substantially equal, and their respective minimum A device according to claim 1 in which is at most 1: 3.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the oblique duct (13) is slightly inclined upwards.

3. A container (10) in which the upper part (2) of the container (1) is filled with gas to provide a supply of gas absorbed by the recirculated water
The device of claim 1 in communication with.

4. The reaction chamber (15) has an open cylindrical housing at one end and the element (21) has an open end in the form of a paraboloid of revolution facing the area opening. A first portion (23) and a second portion (26) having a curved contour with an open end that joins the first portion and defines the outflow opening, these two portions (23) , 26) has a common circular rim (22) joined to the intermediate region of the cylindrical housing, the tangential hole (24) being provided in the parabolic portion close to the rim, and cylindrical. The closed end (20) of the housing makes an acute angle with the axis of the cylinder to enter the pressure chamber to increase rotation of the water as it passes through the tangential holes. The device according to claim 1, comprising a duct (25).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the first embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the reaction chamber of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a top sectional view of the reaction chamber in the plane of the hole, and FIG. Explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring gas consumption, FIGS. 5 to 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the shape of the spiral in the start phase, the intermediate phase and the final phase in the spiral formation, and FIG. 8 is a relationship between time and oxygen uptake. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of an improved mode of the apparatus similar to that shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an apparatus for measuring stability. 1 ... Container, 14 ... Pump, 15 ... Reaction chamber, 16, 17, 18 ...
… Conduit, 24 …… Opening, 27 …… Duct.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A device for introducing gas into water, which is hollow and has a substantially spherical upper part (2) and a narrow lower part (4) which tapers along the lower end and which is circularly symmetric with respect to the axis. A container (1), a duct (13) extending obliquely from above the middle part of the container (1) and forming an acute angle with the tangential plane of the container (1), and several tangential holes (24), A reaction chamber having a hollow element (21) having an outlet opening and a pressure chamber formed between the reaction chamber inner wall and the hollow element (21), and a tangential hole (24) communicating with the pressure chamber. (15) and a pump (14) for forcedly circulating water, and the water inside the container (1) flows from the container (1) to the reaction chamber (15) and the duct (13) in this order. A device characterized in that it is connected in a closed loop to the container (1) for pump circulation.