JP2507322B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents
Liquid crystal displayInfo
- Publication number
- JP2507322B2 JP2507322B2 JP61107607A JP10760786A JP2507322B2 JP 2507322 B2 JP2507322 B2 JP 2507322B2 JP 61107607 A JP61107607 A JP 61107607A JP 10760786 A JP10760786 A JP 10760786A JP 2507322 B2 JP2507322 B2 JP 2507322B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- hue
- crystal display
- substrate
- display
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
- G02F1/1397—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell the twist being substantially higher than 90°, e.g. STN-, SBE-, OMI-LC cells
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の目的〕 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は複屈折制御型の液晶表示器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Object of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a birefringence control type liquid crystal display.
（従来の技術） 液晶表示器には動作モードによりTN型、DS型、ゲスト
・ホスト（GH）型、DAP型及び熱書き込み型のもの等多
くの種類があるが、腕時計、電卓及び計測器等を始め、
ほとんど多くはTN型液晶表示器が使われている。しかし
表示容量の増大化や表示面積の大型化の要求に伴い、TN
型液晶表示器ではコントラスト不足や視覚範囲の狭さ等
の問題が出てきており、新しい動作モードによる液晶表
示器の開発が急がれていた。(Prior Art) There are many types of liquid crystal displays such as TN type, DS type, guest host (GH) type, DAP type and thermal writing type depending on the operation mode, but there are watches, calculators, measuring instruments, etc. Started
Most of them use TN type LCD. However, with the demand for larger display capacity and larger display area, TN
-Type liquid crystal displays have problems such as lack of contrast and narrow visual range, and development of liquid crystal displays with new operation modes has been urgently needed.
そして近年、このような要求に応える液晶表示器とし
て、特開昭60−107020号公報に記載されているSBE型
（スーパーツイステッドバイアフリンジェンスエフェク
ト）等の複屈折制御型液晶表示器が注目されている。こ
れらの複屈折制御型液晶表示器の構成としては、少なく
とも片面側に透明電極が形成された透明基板を２枚対向
させ、周囲を封着してセルとし、セル内にネマティック
液晶を入れている。対向基板間の距離は４〜12μｍ程度
であり、ネマティック液晶としてはシクロヘキサン系、
エステル系、ビフェニール系及びピリジミン系液晶等が
使われている。ネマティック液晶の中にはカイラル剤が
添加され、液晶分子の分子軸が180゜から360゜、好まし
くは270゜の角度に、上下の基板間で捩られている。ま
た液晶分子は、基板上の配向層の働きにより、分子軸が
基板平面に対し１゜より大きい傾斜（プレチルト）を有
している。In recent years, as a liquid crystal display that meets such a demand, a birefringence control type liquid crystal display such as an SBE type (super twisted via fringes effect) described in JP-A-60-107020 has attracted attention. There is. The configuration of these birefringence control type liquid crystal displays is such that two transparent substrates each having a transparent electrode formed on at least one side are opposed to each other, the periphery is sealed to form a cell, and a nematic liquid crystal is put in the cell. . The distance between the opposing substrates is about 4 to 12 μm, and the nematic liquid crystal is cyclohexane-based,
Ester-based, biphenyl-based, and pyridimine-based liquid crystals are used. A chiral agent is added to the nematic liquid crystal, and the molecular axes of the liquid crystal molecules are twisted between the upper and lower substrates at an angle of 180 ° to 360 °, preferably 270 °. The liquid crystal molecules have an inclination (pretilt) whose molecular axis is larger than 1 ° with respect to the plane of the substrate due to the function of the alignment layer on the substrate.
そしてSBE型液晶表示器では、好ましくは基板の外側
の前面と後面に偏光板を配しており、前面偏光板の透過
軸が前面基板の配向方向に対して右回りに約30゜、背面
偏光板の透過軸が前面基板の配向方向に対して左回りに
約30゜或いは右回りに約60゜である場合が、最もよい構
成とされている。このうち前者の構成は非選択状態で明
るい黄色の表示、選択状態で黒の表示が得られ（イエロ
ーモード）、後者の構成は非選択状態で深い青色の表示
が得られ、選択状態で透過状態となる（ブルーモー
ド）。またその他の複屈折制御型の液晶表示器において
も、背景色は無彩色でないものとなる。In the SBE type liquid crystal display, preferably, polarizing plates are arranged on the front and rear surfaces outside the substrate, and the transmission axis of the front polarizing plate is about 30 ° clockwise with respect to the orientation direction of the front substrate, and the rear polarizing The best configuration is when the transmission axis of the plate is about 30 ° counterclockwise or about 60 ° clockwise with respect to the orientation direction of the front substrate. In the former configuration, a bright yellow display is obtained in a non-selected state, and a black display is obtained in a selected state (yellow mode). In the latter configuration, a deep blue display is obtained in a non-selected state, and a transparent state is obtained in a selected state. (Blue mode). Also in other birefringence control type liquid crystal displays, the background color is not achromatic.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） しかしながらこのような黄色の背景に黒の表示、或い
は青色の背景に白の表示であると、観察者の視感により
視認性評価が異なり、人によって色により視認性（コン
トラスト等）を低下していると評価する者がいた。また
従来のTN方式ではカラーフィルターを配設することによ
りカラー化が容易であるのに対し、この方式では表示が
着色しているためカラー化が不可能だった。(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, when such a black background is displayed on a yellow background or a white background is displayed on a blue background, the visibility is different depending on the visual sensation of the observer, and the color may vary depending on the person. Some people evaluated that visibility (contrast, etc.) was reduced. In addition, in the conventional TN method, colorization is easy by disposing a color filter, whereas in this method, the display is colored, so colorization is impossible.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明は、複屈折型の液晶表示器であり、干渉現象に
よる透過光或いは反射光の非選択時の色相と補色関係に
なりうる構成を加えている。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is a birefringence type liquid crystal display, and adds a configuration that can be in a complementary color relationship with the hue when the transmitted light or the reflected light due to an interference phenomenon is not selected.
具体的には例えば、イエローモードのときは青色偏光
板、ブルーモードのときは黄色偏光板を基板の少なくと
も一方の主面に備え、且つ点灯部分に偏光板の色相を脱
色するために、非点灯時に吸収がなく、点灯時に偏光板
の色相と補色の色相の吸収を有するネガ型の二色性染料
を混合してなる。なお、本発明におけるカラー偏光板
は、ニュートラル偏光板を染料等で着色したものを意味
する。Specifically, for example, a blue polarizing plate in the yellow mode and a yellow polarizing plate in the blue mode are provided on at least one main surface of the substrate, and non-lighting is performed in order to decolorize the hue of the polarizing plate in the lighting portion. A negative type dichroic dye that does not absorb light and absorbs the hue of the polarizing plate and the complementary hue when it is turned on is mixed. The color polarizing plate in the present invention means a neutral polarizing plate colored with a dye or the like.
（作 用） 干渉現象による透過光或いは反射光の非選択時の色相
と補色関係になりうる構成の働きにより、表示の着色を
打ち消すことができ、無彩色の背景に黒の表示の実現が
可能になる。(Operation) The coloring of the display can be canceled and the display of black on an achromatic background can be realized by the function of the structure that can complement the hue of the transmitted light or the reflected light when it is not selected due to the interference phenomenon. become.
（実施例） 以下本発明の詳細を図面を参照して説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, the detail of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す断面図である。同図
において、例えばガラス基板である第１及び第２基板
（１），（２）の第１主面（11），（22）側には、それ
ぞれ例えばITOからなる導電電極（３），（４）が形成
されており、第１及び第２基板（１），（２）は各々の
第１主面（11），（22）側が対向するように約７μｍの
間隔に保たれている。また第１及び第２基板（１），
（２）の第１主面（11），（21）側には、導電電極
（３），（４）を覆うようにそれぞれ配向層（５），
（６）が形成されており、その周囲は例えば紫外線硬化
型の接着剤からなる封着剤（７）により封止されてい
る。そして第１及び第２基板（１），（２）間には、ネ
ガ型黄色二色性染料とカイラル剤が添加されたネマティ
ック液晶（８）が挟持されていて、その分子軸はカイラ
ル剤の働きにより第１及び第２基板（１），（２）間で
180゜から360゜の範囲例えば270゜の捩れをもつととも
に、配向層（５），（６）の働きにより第１及び第２基
板（１），（２）の平面に対し、２゜より大きい角度例
えば20゜の角度の傾斜を有している。また第１基板
（１）の第２主面（12）側には青色偏光板（９）、第２
基板（２）の第２主面（22）側には偏光板（10）と反射
板（11）が被着されている。ここで青色偏光板（９），
（10）の配置角度は、偏光板（９），（10）の透過軸が
第１基板（１）の配向方向に対してそれぞれ右回りに約
30゜、左回りに約30゜となるようにしてある。こうして
所望のイエローモードのSBE型液晶表示器が得られる。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, conductive electrodes (3) made of, for example, ITO are provided on the first main surfaces (1 1 ) and (2 2 ) of the first and second substrates (1) and (2), which are glass substrates, respectively. , (4) are formed, and the first and second substrates (1) and (2) are kept at an interval of about 7 μm so that the first main surfaces (1 1 ) and (2 2 ) sides face each other. Is dripping Also, the first and second substrates (1),
On the first major surface (1 1 ) and (2 1 ) side of (2), the alignment layers (5) and (4) are respectively covered so as to cover the conductive electrodes (3) and (4).
(6) is formed, and the periphery thereof is sealed with a sealing agent (7) made of, for example, an ultraviolet curing adhesive. A nematic liquid crystal (8) containing a negative type yellow dichroic dye and a chiral agent is sandwiched between the first and second substrates (1) and (2), and the molecular axis of the nematic liquid crystal is a chiral agent. Between the first and second substrates (1) and (2)
It has a twist of 180 ° to 360 °, for example 270 °, and is larger than 2 ° with respect to the planes of the first and second substrates (1) and (2) by the action of the alignment layers (5) and (6). It has an inclination of, for example, 20 °. The second main surface (1 2) on the side blue polarizing plate of the first substrate (1) (9), second
The second main surface (2 2) of the substrate (2) and the reflector polarizer (10) (11) is deposited. Here, the blue polarizing plate (9),
The arrangement angle of (10) is about clockwise when the transmission axes of the polarizing plates (9) and (10) are each clockwise with respect to the orientation direction of the first substrate (1).
It is set to 30 ° and about 30 ° counterclockwise. Thus, a desired yellow mode SBE type liquid crystal display device is obtained.
この実施例では、干渉現象による反射光の非選択時の
色相即ち黄色と補色関係になりうる構成として、第１基
板（１）の第２主面（12）側に青色偏光板（９）を被着
させることにより、加法混色されて背景色を無彩色に
し、且つ点灯部分に帯びてしまう青味も黄色のネガ型二
色性染料により、無彩色背景に黒の表示を実現すること
ができる。この結果、観察者の視感の差による視認性評
価のばらつきをなくすことが可能になる。In this embodiment, a blue polarizing plate (9) is provided on the side of the second main surface (1 2 ) of the first substrate (1) as a structure that can have a complementary color relationship with the hue when reflected light is not selected due to the interference phenomenon, that is, yellow. The negative dichroic dye that is additively mixed to make the background color achromatic and has a yellowish bluish color that is tinged in the lighting part can realize black display on the achromatic background. it can. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the variation in the visibility evaluation due to the difference in the visual sense of the observer.
また第１図に示した実施例において、偏光板（10）の
配置角度をこの透過軸が第１基板（１）の配向方向に対
して右回りに約60゜となるように変更し、更に黄色の偏
光板（９）を第１基板（１）の第２主面（12）に被着
し、且つ背景色と同一の青色のネガ型二色性染料をネマ
ティック液晶（８）に加えることにより、所望のブルー
モードのSBE型液晶表示器が得られる。Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the arrangement angle of the polarizing plate (10) is changed so that the transmission axis is about 60 ° in the clockwise direction with respect to the orientation direction of the first substrate (1). A yellow polarizing plate (9) is applied to the second main surface (1 2 ) of the first substrate (1), and a blue negative dichroic dye having the same background color is added to the nematic liquid crystal (8). As a result, a desired blue mode SBE type liquid crystal display device can be obtained.
これはネガタイプの表示であるから、光シャッターと
しての役割を演じさせることができるとともに、カラー
フィルターを配設することにより従来のTN型液晶表示器
と同様にカラー表示が可能となる。Since this is a negative type display, it can play a role as an optical shutter, and by providing a color filter, color display can be performed as in the conventional TN type liquid crystal display.
なお今までは液晶表示器が反射型である場合について
述べたが、透過型であってもよく、このときは干渉現象
による透過光の非選択時の色相と補色関係になりうる構
成を加えればよい。Although the case where the liquid crystal display is of the reflective type has been described so far, it may be of the transmissive type, and in this case, if a configuration that can have a complementary color relationship with the hue when the transmitted light is not selected due to an interference phenomenon is added, Good.
以上説明したように本発明の液晶表示器は、干渉現象
による透過光或いは反射光の非選択時の色相と補色関係
になりうる構成を加えてなるので、視感による視認性の
差をなくし、受光タイプの表示器としては理想的な白の
背景に黒の表示を実現したり、SBE型では従来不可能で
あったカラー表示を行うことができる。As described above, the liquid crystal display of the present invention includes a configuration that can be in a complementary color relationship with the hue when the transmitted light or the reflected light is not selected due to the interference phenomenon, and thus eliminates the difference in visibility due to the visual sense. It is possible to realize black display on a white background, which is ideal for a light-receiving type display, and to perform color display, which was impossible with the SBE type.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す図である。 （１）……第１基板、（２）……第２基板 （８）……ネマティック液晶、（９），（10）……偏光
板FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. (1) …… First substrate, (2) …… Second substrate (8) …… Nematic liquid crystal, (9), (10) …… Polarizing plate
Claims (1)
び第２基板と、分子軸が前記第１及び第２基板の平面に
対し２゜より大きい傾斜を有し且つ前記第１及び第２基
板間で180゜から360゜の範囲の捩れをもって挾持されて
いるネマティック液晶と、前記第１及び第２基板の第２
主面側に偏光板とを備え、干渉現象による透過光或いは
反射光の非選択時の色相と補色関係になりうる構成を加
えた複屈折制御型の液晶表示器において、前記構成は前
記偏光板の少なくとも一方を前記色相と補色に着色し、
且つ前記ネマティック液晶に前記色相と同じ色相のネガ
型二色性染料を混合することにより得られ、背景及び表
示を白黒化することを特徴とする液晶表示器。1. A first and second substrate having a conductive electrode formed on a first main surface side, a molecular axis having an inclination of more than 2 ° with respect to a plane of the first and second substrate, and A nematic liquid crystal sandwiched between the first and second substrates with a twist in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, and a second liquid crystal of the first and second substrates.
A birefringence control type liquid crystal display having a polarizing plate on the main surface side, and having a configuration capable of forming a complementary color relationship with a hue of transmitted light or reflected light when non-selected due to an interference phenomenon. At least one of the hue and the complementary color,
A liquid crystal display, which is obtained by mixing a negative-type dichroic dye having the same hue as the hue with the nematic liquid crystal, and makes the background and display black and white.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61107607A JP2507322B2 (en) | 1986-05-13 | 1986-05-13 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61107607A JP2507322B2 (en) | 1986-05-13 | 1986-05-13 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62265620A JPS62265620A (en) | 1987-11-18 |
| JP2507322B2 true JP2507322B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=14463457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61107607A Expired - Lifetime JP2507322B2 (en) | 1986-05-13 | 1986-05-13 | Liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2507322B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63301020A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-12-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| JPS63301023A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-12-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| JPS63301021A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-12-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Color liquid crystal display element |
| JPH01137231A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-05-30 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5713429A (en) * | 1980-06-28 | 1982-01-23 | Hosiden Electronics Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| CH664027A5 (en) * | 1983-07-12 | 1988-01-29 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | LCD with twisted nematic crystal between support plates |
-
1986
- 1986-05-13 JP JP61107607A patent/JP2507322B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62265620A (en) | 1987-11-18 |
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