JP2024173519A - Airplane earplugs - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを緩和し得る飛行機用耳栓に関する。 The present invention relates to earplugs for airplanes that can relieve ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure.
飛行機の機内は、高度によらず気圧を一定に維持するべく緩衝空間がなされているが、離着陸時の気圧の変化は避けられない。このため、飛行機の離着陸時に耳の痛みを訴える乗客が多い。その原因は中耳と外部環境、すなわち機内との相対的な気圧変化に、耳の持つ緩衝空間機能が追従できないためであると考えられている。 The interior of an airplane is designed to provide a buffer space to maintain a constant air pressure regardless of altitude, but changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing are unavoidable. For this reason, many passengers complain of ear pain during takeoff and landing. The cause is thought to be that the ear's buffer space function cannot keep up with the relative changes in air pressure between the middle ear and the external environment, i.e., the cabin of the airplane.
そこで、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを緩和し得る所謂飛行機用耳栓が提案された（特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３）。 As a result, so-called airplane earplugs have been proposed that can alleviate ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3).
しかし、従来の飛行機用耳栓には、装着性が不良であったり、構成が複雑であったり、急激な気圧変化への対応が不十分であったりするなどの問題があった。ここで、装着性とは、外耳道に対する装着感（フィット感）と外耳道を塞ぐ性能（密閉性）とを含む概念である。 However, conventional earplugs for airplanes have problems such as poor fit, complicated structure, and insufficient response to sudden changes in air pressure. Here, fit is a concept that includes the fit to the ear canal and the ability to block the ear canal (sealing).
本発明の目的は、装着性が良好であり、構成が単純であり、且つ、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和し得る飛行機用耳栓を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to provide an earplug for airplanes that is easy to wear, has a simple structure, and can effectively relieve ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing of an airplane.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の飛行機用耳栓は、外耳道への挿入端と反挿入端とに開口した連通空間を有する耳栓体と、前記連通空間を通気可能に塞ぐ通気抵抗手段と、を有する。前記耳栓体は、柔軟性及び弾力性を有する軟質ウレタンフォーム、発泡エラストマー又は低反発ゴムである。前記通気抵抗手段は、前記挿入端側に設けられた第１通気抵抗部材と、前記反挿入端側に設けられた第２通気抵抗部材と、を有する。前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第２通気抵抗部材との間に、前記連通空間の一部からなる緩衝空間が形成される。 In order to solve the above problems, the earplug for airplanes of the present invention has an earplug body having a communication space that opens at an end inserted into the ear canal and an end opposite to the insertion, and an airflow resistance means that closes the communication space to allow air to pass through. The earplug body is made of soft urethane foam, foamed elastomer, or low-resilience rubber that has flexibility and elasticity. The airflow resistance means has a first airflow resistance member provided on the insertion end side and a second airflow resistance member provided on the opposite end side. A buffer space consisting of a part of the communication space is formed between the first airflow resistance member and the second airflow resistance member.
本発明によれば、装着性が良好であり、構成が単純であり、且つ、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和し得る飛行機用耳栓を実現することができる。 The present invention makes it possible to realize airplane earplugs that are easy to wear, have a simple structure, and can effectively relieve ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing of an airplane.
以下、本発明を実施形態について添付図面を参照しつつ説明する。 The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
［第１実施形態］
［構成］
図１に示すように、第１実施形態の飛行機用耳栓（以下、単に「耳栓」とも称する。）１０は、外耳道（不図示）に挿入される耳栓体２０を有する。耳栓体２０は、柔軟性及び弾力性を有する軟質ウレタンフォームである。耳栓体２０の素材の最も好適な例としては、低反発発泡ポリウレタンを挙げることができる。低反発発泡ポリウレタンからなる耳栓体２０は、圧縮されると変形し、圧縮されなくなると、元の形状にゆっくりと戻る。耳栓体２０は、外耳道の内壁に気密に密着する。これにより、高い密閉性と共に良好な装着感が得られる。耳栓体２０は、非通気性である。
[First embodiment]
[composition]
As shown in FIG. 1, the first embodiment of an airplane earplug (hereinafter, simply referred to as "earplug") 10 has an earplug body 20 that is inserted into the ear canal (not shown). The earplug body 20 is a soft urethane foam having flexibility and elasticity. The most suitable example of the material for the earplug body 20 is low-resilience polyurethane foam. The earplug body 20 made of low-resilience polyurethane foam deforms when compressed, and slowly returns to its original shape when no longer compressed. The earplug body 20 hermetically adheres to the inner wall of the ear canal. This provides a high level of sealing and a good fit. The earplug body 20 is non-breathable.
耳栓体２０は、外耳道への挿入端２０ａから反挿入端２０ｂに連通した連通空間２１を有する。連通空間２１の両端２１ａ、２１ｂは、挿入端２０ａと反挿入端２０ｂとに開口している。連通空間２１の横断面は円形である。 The earplug body 20 has a communication space 21 that communicates from the insertion end 20a into the ear canal to the non-insertion end 20b. Both ends 21a, 21b of the communication space 21 open to the insertion end 20a and the non-insertion end 20b. The cross section of the communication space 21 is circular.
連通空間２１には、連通空間２１を通気可能に塞ぐ通気抵抗手段３０が設けられている。通気抵抗手段３０は、耳栓体２０の挿入端２０ａ側に設けられた第１通気抵抗部材３１と、反挿入端側２０ｂに設けられた第２通気抵抗部材３２と、を有する。第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間には、連通空間２１の一部である緩衝空間４０が形成されている。第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、不織布製である。第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、耳栓体２０から容易に分離しないように、接着などの方法で耳栓体２０に固定されている。 The communication space 21 is provided with an airflow resistance means 30 that blocks the communication space 21 to allow air to pass through. The airflow resistance means 30 has a first airflow resistance member 31 provided on the insertion end 20a side of the earplug body 20 and a second airflow resistance member 32 provided on the opposite insertion end side 20b. A buffer space 40, which is a part of the communication space 21, is formed between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. The first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 are made of nonwoven fabric. The first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 are fixed to the earplug body 20 by a method such as adhesion so that they do not easily separate from the earplug body 20.
［作用効果］
以下、耳栓を耳（外耳道）に装着した状態における鼓膜側を耳栓の内側と称し、耳の外を耳栓の外側と称する。
[Action and Effect]
Hereinafter, the side of the eardrum when the earplug is placed in the ear (ear canal) will be referred to as the inside of the earplug, and the outside of the ear will be referred to as the outside of the earplug.
耳栓１０は、耳栓体２０を細く丸めた状態（つぶした状態）で外耳道に挿入することにより、容易に耳（外耳道）に装着することができる。外耳道に挿入した当初は、耳栓体２０と外耳道の内面との密着度は不完全であっても、耳栓体２０が元の形状（つぶす前の形状）に戻ろうとする過程で、外耳道の内面に完全に密着する。これにより、外耳道は耳栓１０により閉塞される。 The earplug 10 can be easily fitted to the ear (ear canal) by inserting the earplug body 20 into the ear canal in a thin, rolled (flattened) state. When the earplug body 20 is first inserted into the ear canal, it does not fit completely to the inner surface of the ear canal. However, as the earplug body 20 tries to return to its original shape (the shape before it was flattened), it fits completely to the inner surface of the ear canal. This causes the ear canal to be blocked by the earplug 10.
耳栓１０を外耳道に挿入する際、耳栓体２０が細く丸めた状態とされることにより、緩衝空間４０が塞がれるため、連通空間２１の通気性は一時的に阻害されるが、変形していない（つぶされていない）第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２が存在することにより、耳栓体２０が元の形状に戻ろうとする過程で、緩衝空間４０は塞がれた状態から塞がれていない状態になる。これにより、連通空間２１の通気性が回復する。 When the earplug 10 is inserted into the ear canal, the earplug body 20 is rolled into a thin ball, blocking the buffer space 40 and temporarily impeding the breathability of the communication space 21. However, due to the presence of the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 that are not deformed (not crushed), the buffer space 40 goes from a blocked state to an unblocked state as the earplug body 20 tries to return to its original shape. This restores the breathability of the communication space 21.
耳栓１０は、飛行機の離着陸時に、飛行機搭乗者の両耳（外耳道）に装着される。飛行機の離着陸時には、耳栓１０の外（機内）の気圧は急激に変化するが、耳栓１０の内側（鼓膜側）と外側（機内側）とは第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２により仕切られているので、飛行機用耳栓１０の内側と外側との気圧差により第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２を通して徐々に徐々に空気が移動することになる。これにより、急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みが緩和される。 The earplugs 10 are placed in both ears (ear canals) of the airplane passenger when the airplane takes off or lands. When the airplane takes off or lands, the air pressure outside the earplugs 10 (inside the airplane) changes suddenly, but because the inside (eardrum side) and outside (inside the airplane) of the earplugs 10 are separated by the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, the difference in air pressure between the inside and outside of the airplane earplugs 10 causes air to move gradually through the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. This relieves ear pain caused by the sudden change in air pressure.
より詳細には、飛行機の離陸時には、耳栓１０の外（機内）の気圧が急激に低下していく。その結果、耳栓１０の外側と緩衝空間４０内との気圧差により、緩衝空間４０内の空気が第２通気抵抗部材３２を通して耳栓１０の外側へ移動する。このとき、緩衝空間４０内から耳栓１０の外側への空気の移動は、第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。このため、緩衝空間４０内の気圧変化が緩和される。そして、緩衝空間４０内の気圧が耳栓１０の内側よりも低下するため、耳栓１０の内側の空気は、第１通気抵抗部材３１を通して緩衝空間４０へ移動する。このとき、耳栓１０の内側から緩衝空間４０内への空気の移動は、第１通気抵抗部材３１の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。そして、耳栓１０の内側から緩衝空間４０内へ移動した空気は、第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗により緩衝されつつ、耳栓１０の外側へゆっくりと移動する。すなわち、飛行機の離陸時における耳栓１０の外（機内）の急激な気圧低下は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗のみならず、緩衝空間４０内の気圧変化により緩衝される。これにより、耳栓１０の内側の気圧低下は非常にゆっくりとしたものとなるため、飛行機の離陸時の急激な気圧低下による耳の痛みが緩和される。 More specifically, when an airplane takes off, the air pressure outside the earplug 10 (inside the plane) drops rapidly. As a result, due to the difference in air pressure between the outside of the earplug 10 and the inside of the buffer space 40, the air in the buffer space 40 moves to the outside of the earplug 10 through the second airflow resistance member 32. At this time, the movement of air from the inside of the buffer space 40 to the outside of the earplug 10 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the second airflow resistance member 32 and becomes slow. Therefore, the change in air pressure in the buffer space 40 is mitigated. And because the air pressure in the buffer space 40 is lower than the inside of the earplug 10, the air inside the earplug 10 moves to the buffer space 40 through the first airflow resistance member 31. At this time, the movement of air from the inside of the earplug 10 to the buffer space 40 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31 and becomes slow. The air that moves from inside the earplug 10 into the buffer space 40 moves slowly to the outside of the earplug 10 while being buffered by the airflow resistance of the second airflow resistance member 32. That is, the sudden drop in air pressure outside the earplug 10 (inside the plane) when the plane takes off is buffered not only by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, but also by the change in air pressure inside the buffer space 40. This causes the air pressure inside the earplug 10 to drop very slowly, mitigating ear pain caused by the sudden drop in air pressure when the plane takes off.
一方、飛行機の着陸時には、耳栓１０の外（機内）の気圧が急激に上昇していく。その結果、耳栓１０の外側と緩衝空間４０内との気圧差により、耳栓１０の外側の空気が第２通気抵抗部材３２を通して緩衝空間４０内へ移動する。このとき、耳栓１０の外側から緩衝空間４０内への空気の移動は、第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。このため、緩衝空間４０内の気圧変化が緩和される。そして、緩衝空間４０内の気圧が耳栓１０の内側よりも上昇するため、緩衝空間４０内の空気は、第１通気抵抗部材３１を通して耳栓１０の内側へ移動する。このとき、緩衝空間４０内から耳栓１０の内側への空気の移動は、第１通気抵抗部材３１の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。すなわち、飛行機の着陸時における耳栓１０の外（機内）の急激な気圧上昇は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗のみならず、緩衝空間４０内の気圧変化により緩衝される。これにより、耳栓１０の内側の気圧上昇は非常にゆっくりとしたものとなるため、飛行機の着陸時の急激な気圧上昇による耳の痛みが緩和される。 On the other hand, when the airplane lands, the air pressure outside the earplug 10 (inside the plane) rises rapidly. As a result, due to the difference in air pressure between the outside of the earplug 10 and the inside of the buffer space 40, the air outside the earplug 10 moves into the buffer space 40 through the second airflow resistance member 32. At this time, the movement of air from the outside of the earplug 10 into the buffer space 40 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the second airflow resistance member 32 and becomes slow. Therefore, the change in air pressure in the buffer space 40 is mitigated. And because the air pressure in the buffer space 40 is higher than the inside of the earplug 10, the air in the buffer space 40 moves into the inside of the earplug 10 through the first airflow resistance member 31. At this time, the movement of air from the buffer space 40 to the inside of the earplug 10 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31 and becomes slow. That is, the sudden increase in air pressure outside the earplugs 10 (inside the plane) when the plane lands is buffered not only by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, but also by the change in air pressure inside the buffer space 40. This causes the air pressure inside the earplugs 10 to rise very slowly, mitigating ear pain caused by the sudden increase in air pressure when the plane lands.
このように、第１実施形態によれば、柔軟性及び弾力性を有する耳栓体２０に連通空間２１を設け、その連通空間２１に第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２を設けて、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間に緩衝空間４０を形成した単純な構成により、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和し得る装着性の良好な飛行機用耳栓１０を実現することができる。 In this way, according to the first embodiment, a communication space 21 is provided in a flexible and elastic earplug body 20, a first airflow resistance member 31 and a second airflow resistance member 32 are provided in the communication space 21, and a buffer space 40 is formed between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. This simple configuration makes it possible to realize an airplane earplug 10 that is easy to wear and can effectively alleviate ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing of an airplane.
ここで、飛行機用耳栓の装着性につきより詳細に説明する。
従来の飛行機用耳栓は、固形型と呼ばれるものしか実用化されていなかったため、装着性にばらつきが生じやすいという問題があった。すなわち、外耳道の大きさは、大人と子供、あるいは性別によっても異なるため、例えば、大人の男性の耳には良好にフィットさせて装着できる飛行機用耳栓であっても、女性や子供の耳には大きすぎて、外耳道の奥深くまで挿入できなかったり、痛みを感じさせたりする場合がある。このため、従来の飛行機用耳栓は、大人用と子供用とを用意し、更には大人用でも男性用と女性用とを用意し、それらを使用者によって使い分けなければならい。また、外耳道は、同一人でも左右で寸法・形状が異なるため、例えば、左耳には良好に装着できても、右耳には良好に装着できないといったことも起こり得る。このように、従来の飛行機用耳栓は、使用者ごとに装着性にばらつきが生じやすいため、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを緩和するという機能（気圧緩衝機能）を良好に発揮し得るとは限らなかった。
Here, the fit of airplane earplugs will be explained in more detail.
Conventional earplugs for airplanes have only been put to practical use in the form of solid earplugs, which means that the fit of the earplugs varies between adults and children, or between different genders. For example, an airplane earplug that fits well in an adult male's ear may be too large for a female or child's ear, and may not be inserted deep into the ear canal or may cause pain. For this reason, conventional airplane earplugs must be prepared for adults and children, and even for adults, earplugs for men and women must be prepared, and these must be used according to the user. In addition, the dimensions and shapes of the earplugs differ between the left and right ear canals of the same person, so that, for example, even if the earplugs fit well in the left ear, they may not fit well in the right ear. Thus, conventional airplane earplugs tend to vary in fit between users, and therefore do not necessarily perform well in their function of relieving ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing (air pressure buffering function).
これに対し、第１実施形態の飛行機用耳栓１０は、耳栓体２０が柔軟性及び弾力性を有する軟質ウレタンフォーム（最も好適には低反発発泡ポリウレタン）であることにより、大人、子供及び性別に関係なく、あらゆる人の耳（外耳道）に良好にフィットさせて装着できる。そして、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び緩衝空間４０の存在により、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和することができる。 In contrast, the first embodiment of the airplane earplug 10 has an earplug body 20 made of soft urethane foam (most preferably low-resilience polyurethane foam) that is flexible and resilient, so that it can be worn with a good fit in the ear (ear canal) of anyone, regardless of gender, whether adult or child. Furthermore, the presence of the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the buffer space 40 can effectively alleviate ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing of an airplane, etc.
このような、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和することができる発泡型（フォームタイプ）の飛行機用耳栓は、本発明によって初めて実現され得る。 The present invention is the first to develop foam-type airplane earplugs that effectively relieve ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing.
［第２実施形態］
以下の説明では、既に説明した構成要素と構造的に又は機能的に共通する構成要素については、同一符号を付してその説明を適宜省略する。
［構成］
[Second embodiment]
In the following description, components that are structurally or functionally common to components already described will be given the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
[composition]
図２に示すように、第２実施形態の耳栓５０の連通空間２１には、通気抵抗手段３０が設けられている。通気抵抗手段３０は、耳栓体２０の挿入端２０ａ側に設けられた第１通気抵抗部材３１と、反挿入端側２０ｂに設けられた第２通気抵抗部材３２と、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間に設けられた第３通気抵抗部材３３とを有する。第１通気抵抗部材３１と第３通気抵抗部材３３との間には、連通空間２１の一部である第１緩衝空間４１が形成されている。第３通気抵抗部材３３と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間には、連通空間２１の一部である第２緩衝空間４２が形成されている。第３通気抵抗部材３３は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２と同じく不織布製である。第３通気抵抗部材３３は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２と同じく、耳栓体２０から容易に分離しないように、接着などの方法で耳栓体２０に固定されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the communication space 21 of the earplug 50 of the second embodiment is provided with an airflow resistance means 30. The airflow resistance means 30 has a first airflow resistance member 31 provided on the insertion end 20a side of the earplug body 20, a second airflow resistance member 32 provided on the opposite insertion end side 20b, and a third airflow resistance member 33 provided between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. A first buffer space 41, which is a part of the communication space 21, is formed between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the third airflow resistance member 33. A second buffer space 42, which is a part of the communication space 21, is formed between the third airflow resistance member 33 and the second airflow resistance member 32. The third airflow resistance member 33 is made of nonwoven fabric, just like the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. The third airflow resistance member 33, like the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, is fixed to the earplug body 20 by adhesive or other methods so that it does not easily separate from the earplug body 20.
［作用効果］
耳栓５０は、飛行機の離着陸時に、飛行機搭乗者の両耳（外耳道）に装着される。飛行機の離着陸時には、耳栓５０の外（機内）の気圧は急激に変化するが、耳栓５０の内側（鼓膜側）と外側（機内側）とは第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３により仕切られているので、耳栓５０の内側と外側との気圧差により第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３を通して徐々に徐々に空気が移動する。これにより、急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みが緩和される。
[Action and Effect]
The earplugs 50 are placed in both ears (ear canals) of an airplane passenger during takeoff and landing. During takeoff and landing, the air pressure outside the earplugs 50 (inside the aircraft) changes suddenly, but since the inside (eardrum side) and the outside (inside the aircraft) of the earplugs 50 are separated by the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33, air gradually moves through the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33 due to the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the earplugs 50. This relieves ear pain caused by the sudden change in air pressure.
より詳細には、飛行機の離陸時には、耳栓５０の外（機内）の気圧が急激に低下していく。その結果、耳栓５０の外側と第２緩衝空間４２内との気圧差により、第２緩衝空間４２内の空気が第２通気抵抗部材３２を通して耳栓５０の外側へ移動する。このとき、第２緩衝空間４２内から耳栓５０の外側への空気の移動は、第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。このため、第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧変化が緩和される。そして、第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧が第１緩衝空間４１内よりも低下するため、第１緩衝空間４１内の空気は、第３通気抵抗部材３３を通して第２緩衝空間４２内へ移動する。このとき、第１緩衝空間４１内から第２緩衝空間４２内への空気の移動は、第３通気抵抗部材３３の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。そして、第１緩衝空間４１内の気圧が耳栓５０の内側よりも低下するため、耳栓５０の内側の空気は、第１通気抵抗部材３１を通して第１緩衝空間４１へ移動する。このとき、耳栓５０の内側から第１緩衝空間４１内への空気の移動は、第１通気抵抗部材３１の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。そして、耳栓５０の内側から第１緩衝空間４１内へ移動した空気は、第３通気抵抗部材３３及び第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗及び第２緩衝空間４２の気圧変化により緩衝されつつ、耳栓１０の外側へゆっくりと移動する。すなわち、飛行機の離陸時における耳栓１０の外（機内）の急激な気圧低下は、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３の通気抵抗のみならず、第１緩衝空間４１及び第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧変化により緩衝される。これにより、耳栓５０の内側の気圧低下は非常にゆっくりとしたものとなるため、飛行機の離陸時の急激な気圧低下による耳の痛みが緩和される。 More specifically, when the airplane takes off, the air pressure outside the earplug 50 (inside the plane) drops rapidly. As a result, due to the difference in air pressure between the outside of the earplug 50 and the inside of the second buffer space 42, the air in the second buffer space 42 moves to the outside of the earplug 50 through the second airflow resistance member 32. At this time, the movement of air from the inside of the second buffer space 42 to the outside of the earplug 50 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the second airflow resistance member 32 and becomes slow. Therefore, the change in air pressure in the second buffer space 42 is mitigated. And, since the air pressure in the second buffer space 42 is lower than that in the first buffer space 41, the air in the first buffer space 41 moves into the second buffer space 42 through the third airflow resistance member 33. At this time, the movement of air from the first buffer space 41 into the second buffer space 42 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the third airflow resistance member 33 and becomes slow. Since the air pressure in the first buffer space 41 is lower than that inside the earplug 50, the air inside the earplug 50 moves to the first buffer space 41 through the first ventilation resistance member 31. At this time, the movement of air from the inside of the earplug 50 to the first buffer space 41 is buffered by the ventilation resistance of the first ventilation resistance member 31, and is slowed down. The air that moves from the inside of the earplug 50 to the first buffer space 41 moves slowly to the outside of the earplug 10 while being buffered by the ventilation resistance of the third ventilation resistance member 33 and the second ventilation resistance member 32 and the change in air pressure in the second buffer space 42. In other words, the sudden drop in air pressure outside the earplug 10 (inside the aircraft) when the airplane takes off is buffered not only by the ventilation resistance of the first ventilation resistance member 31, the second ventilation resistance member 32, and the third ventilation resistance member 33, but also by the change in air pressure in the first buffer space 41 and the second buffer space 42. This allows the air pressure inside the earplugs 50 to drop very slowly, mitigating ear pain caused by the sudden drop in air pressure when the plane takes off.
一方、飛行機の着陸時には、耳栓５０の外（機内）の気圧が急激に上昇していく。その結果、耳栓５０の外側と第２緩衝空間４２内との気圧差により、耳栓５０の外側の空気が第２通気抵抗部材３２を通して第２緩衝空間４２内へ移動する。このとき、耳栓５０の外側から第２緩衝空間４２内への空気の移動は、第２通気抵抗部材３２の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。このため、第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧変化が緩和される。そして、第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧が第１緩衝空間４１内よりも上昇するため、第２緩衝空間４２内の空気は、第３通気抵抗部材３３を通して第１緩衝空間４１内へ移動する。このとき、第３緩衝空間４３内から第１緩衝空間４１内への空気の移動は、第３通気抵抗部材３３の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。このため、第１緩衝空間４１内の気圧変化が緩和される。そして、第１緩衝空間４１内の気圧が耳栓１０の内側よりも上昇するため、第１緩衝空間４１内の空気は、第１通気抵抗部材３１を通して耳栓１０の内側へ移動する。このとき、第１緩衝空間４１内から耳栓１０の内側への空気の移動は、第１通気抵抗部材３１の通気抵抗により緩衝され、ゆっくりとしたものとなる。すなわち、飛行機の着陸時における耳栓５０の外（機内）の急激な気圧上昇は、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３の通気抵抗のみならず、第１緩衝空間４１及び第２緩衝空間４２内の気圧変化により緩衝される。これにより、耳栓５０の内側の気圧上昇は、第１実施形態よりもゆっくりとしたものとなるため、飛行機の着陸時の急激な気圧上昇による耳の痛みがより緩和される。 On the other hand, when the airplane lands, the air pressure outside the earplug 50 (inside the plane) rises rapidly. As a result, due to the difference in air pressure between the outside of the earplug 50 and the inside of the second buffer space 42, the air outside the earplug 50 moves into the second buffer space 42 through the second airflow resistance member 32. At this time, the movement of air from the outside of the earplug 50 into the second buffer space 42 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the second airflow resistance member 32 and becomes slow. Therefore, the change in air pressure in the second buffer space 42 is mitigated. Then, since the air pressure in the second buffer space 42 is higher than that in the first buffer space 41, the air in the second buffer space 42 moves into the first buffer space 41 through the third airflow resistance member 33. At this time, the movement of air from the third buffer space 43 into the first buffer space 41 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the third airflow resistance member 33 and becomes slow. Therefore, the change in air pressure in the first buffer space 41 is mitigated. Since the air pressure in the first buffer space 41 is higher than that inside the earplug 10, the air in the first buffer space 41 moves to the inside of the earplug 10 through the first airflow resistance member 31. At this time, the movement of air from the first buffer space 41 to the inside of the earplug 10 is buffered by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31, and is slowed down. In other words, the sudden increase in air pressure outside the earplug 50 (inside the aircraft) when the airplane lands is buffered not only by the airflow resistance of the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33, but also by the change in air pressure in the first buffer space 41 and the second buffer space 42. As a result, the air pressure inside the earplug 50 rises more slowly than in the first embodiment, and the pain in the ear caused by the sudden increase in air pressure when the airplane lands is further alleviated.
このように、第２実施形態によれば、柔軟性及び弾力性を有する耳栓体２０に連通空間２１を設け、その連通空間２１に第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３を設けて、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第３通気抵抗部材３３との間に第１緩衝空間４１を形成し、第３通気抵抗部材３３と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間に第２緩衝空間４２を形成した単純な構成により、飛行機の離着陸時等における急激な気圧変化による耳の痛みを良好に緩和し得る装着性の良好な耳栓５０を実現することができる。 In this way, according to the second embodiment, a communication space 21 is provided in the flexible and elastic earplug body 20, and a first airflow resistance member 31, a second airflow resistance member 32, and a third airflow resistance member 33 are provided in the communication space 21, forming a first buffer space 41 between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the third airflow resistance member 33, and a second buffer space 42 between the third airflow resistance member 33 and the second airflow resistance member 32. This simple configuration makes it possible to realize an earplug 50 that is easy to wear and can effectively alleviate ear pain caused by sudden changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing of an airplane, etc.
［第３実施形態］
［構成］
図３に示すように、第３実施形態の耳栓６０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２とを互いに連結する棒状部材（連結部）３４を有している。第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間の相対距離（互いの位置）は棒状部材３４により一定に保たれる。
[Third embodiment]
[composition]
3, the earplug 60 of the third embodiment has a rod-shaped member (connecting portion) 34 that connects the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. The relative distance between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 (their positions relative to each other) is kept constant by the rod-shaped member 34.
［作用効果］
第３実施形態の耳栓６０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第２通気抵抗部材３２との相対距離を規定する棒状部材３４を有しているので、耳栓体２０の連通空間２１内に、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２を正確に設けることができる。これにより、緩衝空間４０の容積が一定の個体差のない耳栓６０を容易に実現できる。その他の作用効果は、第１実施形態と同様である。
[Action and Effect]
The earplug 60 of the third embodiment has a rod-shaped member 34 that determines the relative distance between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, so that the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 can be accurately disposed within the communication space 21 of the earplug body 20. This makes it easy to realize an earplug 60 in which the volume of the buffer space 40 is constant and there is no individual difference. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
［第４実施形態］
［構成］
図４に示すように、第４実施形態の耳栓７０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３を互いに連結する棒状部材（連結部）３５を有している。第１通気抵抗部材３１と第３通気抵抗部材３３との間の相対距離及び第３通気抵抗部材３３と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間の相対距離は棒状部材３５により一定に保たれる。棒状部材３５は、第３通気抵抗部材３３を貫通する部材であっても、第１通気抵抗部材３１と第３通気抵抗部材３３との間の部分（連結部）と第３通気抵抗部材３３と第２通気抵抗部材３２との間の部分（連結部）とに分割された部材であってもよい。
[Fourth embodiment]
[composition]
4, the earplug 70 of the fourth embodiment has a rod-shaped member (connecting portion) 35 that connects the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33 to one another. The relative distance between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the third airflow resistance member 33 and the relative distance between the third airflow resistance member 33 and the second airflow resistance member 32 are kept constant by the rod-shaped member 35. The rod-shaped member 35 may be a member that penetrates the third airflow resistance member 33, or may be a member that is divided into a portion (connecting portion) between the first airflow resistance member 31 and the third airflow resistance member 33 and a portion (connecting portion) between the third airflow resistance member 33 and the second airflow resistance member 32.
［作用効果］
第４実施形態の耳栓７０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３の相対距離を規定する棒状部材３５を有しているので、耳栓体２０の連通空間２１内に、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３を正確に設けることができる。これにより、第１緩衝空間４１及び第２緩衝空間４２の容積がそれぞれ一定の個体差のない耳栓７０を容易に実現できる。その他の作用効果は、第２実施形態と同様である。
[Action and Effect]
The earplug 70 of the fourth embodiment has a rod-shaped member 35 that determines the relative distances between the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33, so that the first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33 can be accurately disposed within the communication space 21 of the earplug body 20. This makes it possible to easily realize an earplug 70 in which the volumes of the first buffer space 41 and the second buffer space 42 are each constant and there is no individual difference. Other functions and effects are similar to those of the second embodiment.
［第５実施形態］
［構成］
図５に示すように、第５実施形態の耳栓８０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２を収容した筒体８１を有している。筒体８１は、耳栓体２０よりも硬い（すなわち、変形し難い）部材である。この場合、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、気圧差による空気の移動を緩衝する機能を発揮し得るものであれば、不織布製の部材である必要はなく、容易に変形し得るものであってもよい。第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、圧着又は接着により筒体８１に固定されている。すなわち、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２と筒体８１とは互いに一体化した部材（通気抵抗手段）である。筒体８１は、接着などの方法で耳栓体２０に固定されている。
[Fifth embodiment]
[composition]
As shown in FIG. 5, the earplug 80 of the fifth embodiment has a cylindrical body 81 that houses the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32. The cylindrical body 81 is a member that is harder (i.e., less deformable) than the earplug body 20. In this case, the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 do not need to be made of nonwoven fabric, and may be easily deformed, as long as they can perform the function of cushioning the movement of air due to the air pressure difference. The first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 are fixed to the cylindrical body 81 by crimping or bonding. That is, the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 and the cylindrical body 81 are members (airflow resistance means) that are integrated with each other. The cylindrical body 81 is fixed to the earplug body 20 by a method such as bonding.
［作用効果］
第５実施形態の耳栓８０は、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２を収容した比較的硬い筒体８１を有しているので、耳栓体２０の変形による緩衝空間４０の閉塞を防止し、緩衝空間４０の容積が一定の個体差のない耳栓８０を容易に実現できる。その他の作用効果は、第１実施形態と同様である。
[Action and Effect]
The earplug 80 of the fifth embodiment has a relatively hard tubular body 81 that houses the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32, which prevents blockage of the buffer space 40 due to deformation of the earplug body 20, and easily realizes an earplug 80 with a constant volume of the buffer space 40 without individual differences. Other functions and effects are similar to those of the first embodiment.
［その他の実施形態］
本発明は上記実施形態に限定されない。耳栓１０、５０、６０、７０、８０は、飛行機搭乗時以外の使用、例えば、超高層ビルのエレベータ搭乗時、パラシュート使用時、新幹線など高速鉄道車両のトンネル突入時、等、気圧が急激に変化する状況一般での使用に好適である。耳栓体２０の形状（型）は、上記実施形態に示した弾丸型に限らずベル型であってもよい。耳栓体２０は、複数のフランジを有するものであってもよい。第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３は、不織布に限らず、例えば、綿、ガラスウール、スポンジ（連続気孔多孔質体）であってもよい。
[Other embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The earplugs 10, 50, 60, 70, and 80 are suitable for use in situations other than when boarding an airplane, such as when boarding an elevator in a skyscraper, when using a parachute, when entering a tunnel on a high-speed railway vehicle such as a Shinkansen, and other situations where the air pressure changes suddenly. The shape (type) of the earplug body 20 is not limited to the bullet type shown in the above embodiment, but may be a bell type. The earplug body 20 may have multiple flanges. The first airflow resistance member 31, the second airflow resistance member 32, and the third airflow resistance member 33 are not limited to nonwoven fabric, but may be, for example, cotton, glass wool, or sponge (open-pore porous body).
また、上記実施形態では、耳栓体２０の素材として軟質ウレタンフォームを示したが、耳栓体２０の素材として発泡エラストマー又は低反発ゴムを採用することも可能である。 In addition, in the above embodiment, soft urethane foam was used as the material for the earplug body 20, but it is also possible to use foamed elastomer or low-resilience rubber as the material for the earplug body 20.
また、第２実施形態では、３つの通気抵抗部材すなわち、第１通気抵抗部材３１、第２通気抵抗部材３２及び第３通気抵抗部材３３を有する耳栓５０を例示したが、通気抵抗部材の数は４つ以上であってもよい。通気抵抗部材の数は４つ以上である場合も、それらを互いに連結する連結部を有することが望ましい。 In the second embodiment, an earplug 50 having three airflow resistance members, i.e., a first airflow resistance member 31, a second airflow resistance member 32, and a third airflow resistance member 33, is exemplified, but the number of airflow resistance members may be four or more. Even when the number of airflow resistance members is four or more, it is desirable to have a connecting portion that connects them to each other.
また、第５実施形態では、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２が一つの筒体８１に収容されているが、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、各々別々の筒体に収容されてもよい。この場合、緩衝空間４０の部分には筒体が存在しないため、第５実施形態の耳栓８０よりも全体として柔軟な耳栓を実現し得る。 In addition, in the fifth embodiment, the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 are housed in a single cylinder 81, but the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 may each be housed in a separate cylinder. In this case, since there is no cylinder in the buffer space 40, it is possible to realize an earplug that is more flexible overall than the earplug 80 of the fifth embodiment.
また、第５実施形態において、第１通気抵抗部材３１及び第２通気抵抗部材３２は、製造時に筒体８１と一体として形成されてもよい。 In addition, in the fifth embodiment, the first airflow resistance member 31 and the second airflow resistance member 32 may be formed integrally with the cylindrical body 81 during manufacturing.
１０ 飛行機用耳栓
２０ 耳栓体
２０ａ 挿入端
２０ｂ 反挿入端
２１ 連通空間
２１ａ 端
２１ｂ 端
３０ 通気抵抗手段
３１ 第１通気抵抗部材
３２ 第２通気抵抗部材
３３ 第３通気抵抗部材
３４ 棒状部材（連結部）
３５ 棒状部材（連結部）
４０ 緩衝空間
４１ 第１緩衝空間
４２ 第２緩衝空間
５０ 飛行機用耳栓
６０ 飛行機用耳栓
７０ 飛行機用耳栓
８０ 飛行機用耳栓
８１ 筒体
10 Airplane earplug 20 Earplug body 20a Insertion end 20b Anti-insertion end 21 Communication space 21a End 21b End 30 Airflow resistance means 31 First airflow resistance member 32 Second airflow resistance member 33 Third airflow resistance member 34 Rod-shaped member (connecting portion)
35 Rod-shaped member (connecting portion)
40 Buffer space 41 First buffer space 42 Second buffer space 50 Airplane earplugs 60 Airplane earplugs 70 Airplane earplugs 80 Airplane earplugs 81 Cylindrical body
Claims (6)
前記連通空間を通気可能に塞ぐ通気抵抗手段と、を有し、
前記耳栓体は、柔軟性及び弾力性を有する軟質ウレタンフォーム、発泡エラストマー又は低反発ゴムであり、
前記通気抵抗手段は、
前記挿入端側に設けられた第１通気抵抗部材と、
前記反挿入端側に設けられた第２通気抵抗部材と、を有し、
前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第２通気抵抗部材との間に、前記連通空間の一部からなる緩衝空間が形成されている、飛行機用耳栓。 an earplug body having a communication space opening at an end inserted into the ear canal and an end opposite to the insertion;
and a ventilation resistance means for blocking the communication space in a ventilation manner,
The earplug body is made of soft urethane foam, foamed elastomer, or low-resilience rubber having flexibility and elasticity,
The airflow resistance means is
A first airflow resistance member provided on the insertion end side;
A second airflow resistance member provided on the opposite end side of the insertion end,
an air gap formed between the first airflow resistance member and the second airflow resistance member, the air gap being a buffer space defined by a portion of the communication space;
前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第２通気抵抗部材との間に設けられた第３通気抵抗部材を有し、
前記緩衝空間は、
前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材との間に形成された第１緩衝空間と、
前記第２通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材との間に形成された第２緩衝空間と、を有する、請求項１または２に記載の飛行機用耳栓。 The airflow resistance means is
A third airflow resistance member is provided between the first airflow resistance member and the second airflow resistance member,
The buffer space is
a first buffer space formed between the first airflow resistance member and the third airflow resistance member;
3. The earplug for use on an airplane according to claim 1, further comprising a second buffer space formed between the second airflow resistance member and the third airflow resistance member.
前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第２通気抵抗部材とを、両者の間の相対距離を保ちつつ互いに連結する連結部を有する、請求項１に記載の飛行機用耳栓。 The airflow resistance means is
2. The earplug for use on an airplane according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting portion that connects the first airflow resistance member and the second airflow resistance member to each other while maintaining a relative distance between them.
前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材とを、前記第１通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材との間の相対距離を保ちつつ互いに連結する連結部、及び前記第２通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材とを、前記第２通気抵抗部材と前記第３通気抵抗部材との間の相対距離を保ちつつ互いに連結する連結部を有する、請求項３に記載の飛行機用耳栓。 The airflow resistance means is
4. The earplug for use on an airplane according to claim 3, further comprising a connecting portion that connects the first air-flow resistance member and the third air-flow resistance member to each other while maintaining a relative distance between the first air-flow resistance member and the third air-flow resistance member, and a connecting portion that connects the second air-flow resistance member and the third air-flow resistance member to each other while maintaining a relative distance between the second air-flow resistance member and the third air-flow resistance member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023091994A JP2024173519A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Airplane earplugs |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023091994A JP2024173519A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Airplane earplugs |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2024173519A true JP2024173519A (en) | 2024-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023091994A Pending JP2024173519A (en) | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-02 | Airplane earplugs |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5623122U (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1981-03-02 | ||
| JPS5988148A (en) * | 1982-11-11 | 1984-05-22 | アサオカ株式会社 | Ear plug |
| JP2000166963A (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-20 | Issei Suzuki | Earplugs |
| JP2000201964A (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Issei Suzuki | Waterproof earplug |
| JP2002200109A (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-16 | Masao Sakai | Earplug, attaching instrument to earphone and earphone |
| US20180000649A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-01-04 | Zhuhai Zorosy Technology Co., Ltd. | Earcap and earplug |
-
2023
- 2023-06-02 JP JP2023091994A patent/JP2024173519A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5623122U (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1981-03-02 | ||
| JPS5988148A (en) * | 1982-11-11 | 1984-05-22 | アサオカ株式会社 | Ear plug |
| JP2000166963A (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-20 | Issei Suzuki | Earplugs |
| JP2000201964A (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Issei Suzuki | Waterproof earplug |
| JP2002200109A (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-16 | Masao Sakai | Earplug, attaching instrument to earphone and earphone |
| US20180000649A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-01-04 | Zhuhai Zorosy Technology Co., Ltd. | Earcap and earplug |
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