JP2023505865A - 光検出モジュール - Google Patents
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- A61B5/024—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
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- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
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- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14552—Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
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- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
- G01J3/4412—Scattering spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
- G02F1/0155—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction modulating the optical absorption
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
- A61B2562/0238—Optical sensor arrangements for performing transmission measurements on body tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B2562/16—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
- A61B2562/164—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors the sensor is mounted in or on a conformable substrate or carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12035—Materials
- G02B2006/12061—Silicon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12121—Laser
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12142—Modulator
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4246—Bidirectionally operating package structures
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
- G02F1/025—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction in an optical waveguide structure
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/225—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
- G02F1/2257—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure the optical waveguides being made of semiconducting material
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Abstract
Description
・非侵襲的な温度測定:中核体温測定(例えば、モジュールのASICに含まれ得る温度予測アルゴリズムを含めることによる)
・皮膚温度測定(例えば、反射率測定及び温度予測アルゴリズム)
・皮膚膚温度勾配測定(例えば、複数のソース検出器の分離を使用する)
・統合されたPPG、SPO2、及び温度(例えば、PPG用の青色または緑色LED等の光源、500~650nm波長範囲を含み得るSPO2測定用の適切な波長の光源)
・より広い波長範囲にわたる測定(例えば、Siプラットフォーム及びSiNプラットフォームの両方を含むPIC上のシリコンフォトニクスと、より広い波長範囲を有する複数のレーザとの実装による)、及び、
・誘導ラマン測定(例えば、複数のレーザ内のポンプレーザ及びプローブレーザの実装による)
いくつかの実施形態において、分光法で使用するための光トランシーバチップの全体的なレイアウトが図4~9に示される。図4~8は、本発明のPICの様々な例のブロック図を示す。PICは、異なる波長の複数のレーザを含み、これらは、適切なマルチプレクサ(MUX)によって共有される導波路に統合及び接続されてよい。これらのレーザは、1150nm~2500nmの広範な近赤外線及び短波赤外線の波長にわたる波長出力を生成するために一度に1つずつ駆動されてよい。マルチプレクサは、例えば、AWG、エシェル格子、MMI、またはカスケードMZIベースのマルチプレクサであってよい。図6及び8に概略的に、また、図22、51、52、及び53に示されるように、出射光の一部は、(例えば、Yブランチカプラ、MMIカプラ、または方向性カプラ等の適切なカプラによって)そらされて、コヒーレント検出器の局部発振器として働いてよく、これはまた、受信した後方散乱光(すなわち、例えば、PIC上の共有された導波路内に結合された後方散乱光の一部)も受信してよい。受信された後方散乱光はまた、発射ファセットが受信した後方散乱光も受信するように使用される場合、マルチプレクサと発射ファセットを接続する導波路から適切なカプラによってそらされてよい。受信された後方散乱光を受信するために発射ファセットを使用することによって、(皮膚表面下の)照らされる体積がサンプルされる体積(そこから後方散乱される)と一致する程度を増やす、または、放射光学部品及び収集光学部品を簡単にする利点を有し得る。レーザは、(例えば、レーザ駆動電流を変更することによって)チャープされてよい、または位相もしくは振幅変調されてよく、それによって、無線周波数ビート信号がコヒーレント検出器で形成されて、ホモダインまたはFMCW検出スキームを可能にし、これらのスキームは、信号対ノイズ比の増加、またはドップラー偏移の検出を介した試料の距離、速度、もしくは振動を測定する能力を提供する。当然ながら、光学機能は、複数のチップにわたってよい。例えば、レーザは、別個のチップ上にあってよく、別個の送信チップ及び受信チップがあってよい。インターロゲート光は、複数のレーザビームを多重化することによって構成された単一のビーム出力であってよい。デバイスのパワー出力及び個々の波長の相対的なパワーは、可変光減衰器(VOA)または変調器によって制御されてよい。デバイスの出力は、複数のビームを有してよく、それによって、複数の被分析物または被分析物のセットの分析を可能にし得る。各ビームは、複数の波長の光を含み得る。
図19~43に関して記載する本発明の以下の実施形態は特に、温度の非侵襲的な測定のためのデバイス及び方法に関する。詳細には、それらは、シリコン光集積回路に対応する波長での非侵襲的な温度測定に関する。しかし、当然ながら、これらの実施形態に関して設定された光検出モジュールは、他の測定にも使用することができる。
いくつかの実施形態では、1つまたは複数のLED(広帯域光源)、または2つ以上の特異的な波長半導体発光体(VCSELSまたはFPレーザ)は、酸素飽和度、一酸化炭素ヘモグロビン、メトヘモグロビン、及び分画酸素飽和度を測定するために、シリコンフォトダイオードと併せて使用される。
・等吸収点:530nm、545nm、570nm、584nm
・ピーク/谷:515nm、540nm、562nm、577nm、600nm
・波長識別のために個々のPDに狭い帯域幅のスペクトルフィルタを有するPDアレイ
・スペクトルフィルタは、ダイシング前にウエハレベルでモノリシックに堆積された、または別個の基板上に成長、ダイシング、及び転写印刷された誘電薄膜スタックDBRフィルタであってよい。
・薄膜スタックDBRフィルタは、マイクロレンズの表面に堆積、または他の方法で適用されてよく、次に、PDに別個に適用される。
・逆バイアス共鳴空洞LED(RCLED)は、共鳴空洞フォトダイオード(RCPD)として使用することができる。
・あるいは、小型分光計は、波長識別に使用することができる。
・PPG
・心拍
・心拍変動
・血圧
・酸素飽和度
・総ヘモグロビン
・一酸化炭素ヘモグロビン
・メトヘモグロビン
・脳酸素測定
・筋酸素測定
・中核体温
・局部体温
・皮膚水分量
・全身水分量
・血中アルコール検出
・皮膚癌スクリーニング/特性評価
・乳酸検出
・グルコース監視
Claims (27)
- ウェアラブルデバイスに適した光検出モジュールであって、
シリコンまたは窒化シリコン送信器光集積回路(PIC)を含み、前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)は、
各々が他のレーザの波長とは異なる波長で動作する複数のレーザと、
光変調器、光マルチプレクサ(MUX)、及び、追加の光操作素子のうちの1つまたは複数を含む光操作領域と、
前記複数のレーザから生じる光のための1つまたは複数の光出力部と、
を含む、光検出モジュール。 - 前記追加の光操作素子が、パワータップ、1つまたは複数のレンズ、1つまたは複数のパワースプリッタ、1つまたは複数のフィルタ、1つまたは複数のミラー、及び1つまたは複数の偏光回転子のうちの1つまたは複数を含む、請求項1に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記複数のレーザが、前記PICにハイブリット集積されるIII-V RSOAゲイン、レーザチップまたはクーポンを有する1つまたは複数のレーザを含み、前記III-V RSOAまたはレーザ導波路の光モードが前記PICの1つまたは複数の導波路にエッジ結合される、請求項1または2の記載の光検出モジュール。
- 複数のLEDをさらに含み、前記LEDは、前記複数のレーザとは異なる波長で動作し、各LEDは、前記複数のLEDを構成する他のLEDの波長とは異なる波長で動作する、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光操作領域が、前記光検出モジュールの前記複数のレーザの全てからの光を単一の光出力部で結合するためのミラーを含む、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 1つまたは複数の光検出器をさらに含む、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光集積回路(PIC)が送受信器光集積回路(PIC)であるように、前記光検出器が前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)に配置される、請求項6に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出器が、前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)とは別個に配置される、請求項6に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出器が、前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)と共有される同じ基板上に垂直に集積及び搭載される別個のチップに配置される、請求項8に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出器が、前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)の横のキャリアに配置される、請求項8に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出器が、前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)から光信号を受信して、コヒーレント検出器として動作する検出器を含む、請求項6から10のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)の光出力部が、前記光検出器につながる光入力部から横方向にずれている、請求項6から11のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 単一の導波路が、送信導波路及び受信器導波路として働く、請求項7に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出器は、複数含まれており、前記複数の光検出器の各々は、異なる波長範囲で動作する、請求項6から13のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- シリコンベースのプラットフォームが、窒化シリコン導波路を含む、請求項1から13のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 1つまたは複数のレーザドライバ、1つまたは複数の変調器ドライバ、1つまたは複数の位相コントローラ、1つまたは複数のTIA、1つまたは複数のパワー管理IC、マルチプレクサ回路、1つまたは複数のマイクロコントローラユニット(MCU)、1つまたは複数のFPGAのうちの1つまたは複数をさらに含む、請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- シリコン導波路及びSiN導波路の両方を含む、請求項1から16のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記複数のレーザは、フリップチップダイボンディングまたはマイクロ転写印刷によって前記PICに配置される、請求項1から17のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記送信器光集積回路(PIC)の前記複数のレーザが、ポンプレーザとプローブレーザの1つまたは複数の対を含み、前記ポンプレーザとプローブレーザの対の各々は、検出器と共に動作してラマン分光計を形成するように構成される、請求項1から18のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記複数のレーザは、単一のポンプレーザと複数のプローブレーザとを含み、前記プローブレーザの各々は、対象の共鳴に対応する波長を有する、請求項1から18のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記複数のレーザが、複数のプローブレーザを含み、
前記複数のプローブレーザの各々は、固定波長レーザである、請求項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。 - 前記複数のレーザが、調整可能ポンプレーザを含む、請求項19から21のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記複数のレーザが、ラマン分光法のための少なくとも1対のポンプレーザ及びプローブレーザを含み、また、対になっていない複数のレーザを含む、請求項19から22のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記光検出モジュールが、経時的な関数として記録を行うように構成された光検出器と、ラマン反射スペクトルに対応する波長範囲にわたって掃引するように構成された調整可能プローブレーザとを含む、請求項17から23のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記1つまたは複数の光検出器またはLEDが、1つまたは複数のマイクロレンズのそれぞれの下に配置される、請求項3から24のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 前記マイクロレンズの1つまたは複数が、DBRフィルタの薄膜スタックを含む、請求項25に記載の光検出モジュール。
- 吸水ピークに対応する波長で取得された反射率データに、事前に訓練されたアルゴリズムを適用して、反射率測定値を予測温度に変換するように構成されたプロセッサを含む、請求項1から26のいずれか1項に記載の光検出モジュール。
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US20220370010A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
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