JP2023018481A - CONTROLLER, CONTROL PROGRAM, CONTROL METHOD, AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To stabilize a power generation device that is prone to fluctuations, such as a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device. Also, to simultaneously suppress the output of a large-capacity storage battery and suppress the battery capacity of a high-output storage battery. [Solution] A controller controls the charging and discharging of a first storage battery and a second storage battery based on the generated power of the power generation device so as to suppress the rate of change in the power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and the power grid, the first storage battery having a battery capacity larger than the battery capacity of the second storage battery, and the charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the second storage battery. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a controller, control program, control method, and power supply system.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a method of smoothing the power of a natural energy power generator using two types of storage batteries.

JP 2011-234563 A

It is conceivable to use both a large-capacity storage battery and a high-power storage battery. Since a large-capacity storage battery is used, the battery capacity of a high-power storage battery can be suppressed. On the other hand, a large-capacity storage battery is difficult to obtain a large charging/discharging power (output) like a high-output storage battery. It is also required to suppress the output of large-capacity storage batteries.

An object of the present invention is to stabilize power generators that tend to fluctuate, such as solar power generation and wind power generation. Another object of the present invention is to simultaneously suppress the output of a large-capacity storage battery and suppress the battery capacity of a high-output storage battery.

A controller according to one aspect suppresses the rate of change in power transfer between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and the power network based on the power generated by the power generation device. and a controller that controls charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery, the first storage battery having a battery capacity larger than that of the second storage battery, and the charging and discharging control comprising: It includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery.

A control program according to one aspect suppresses a rate of change in power transfer between a power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power network based on power generated by the power generation device. A control program for executing a process for controlling charging and discharging of a first storage battery and a second storage battery, wherein the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than that of the first storage battery, The charge/discharge control includes charging/discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery.

A control method according to one aspect suppresses a rate of change in power transfer between a power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power network based on the power generated by the power generation device. A control method for controlling charge/discharge of a first storage battery and a second storage battery, wherein the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than that of the first storage battery, and the charge/discharge control is and charging/discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charging/discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging/discharging power of the second storage battery.

A power supply system according to one aspect includes a power generation device, a first storage battery connected to the power generation device, a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and based on the power generated by the power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery; and a controller for controlling charge/discharge of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so as to suppress a rate of change in electric power transfer between the power grid and the second storage battery; has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery, and the charge/discharge control is such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery, It includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to stabilize a power generator that tends to fluctuate, such as solar power generation and wind power generation. In addition, it is possible to achieve both suppression of the output of the large-capacity storage battery and suppression of the battery capacity of the high-output storage battery.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the example of schematic structure of the electric power supply system 100 in which the controller 4 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is used. 4 is a diagram showing an example of electric power PG of a power generator G; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of electric power P1 of storage battery 11. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of electric power P2 of storage battery 21. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 of a linking point 3; 3 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 and charge/discharge power amount of a storage battery 11; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of a storage battery 21 and charging/discharging power amount; FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of a comparative example. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3E of a comparative example; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P2E and charge/discharge power amount of a storage battery 21E of a comparative example; 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of electric power P1 of storage battery 11. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of electric power P2 of storage battery 21. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 of a linking point 3; 3 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 and charge/discharge power amount of a storage battery 11; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of a storage battery 21 and charging/discharging power amount; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of a target value of power P1 based on averaged power PG; 3 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of electric power P2 of storage battery 21. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 of a linking point 3; 3 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 and charge/discharge power amount of a storage battery 11; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of a storage battery 21 and charging/discharging power amount; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of shift of power P1 of storage battery 11. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of shift of power P1 of storage battery 11. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of schematic structure of 100 A of electric power supply systems in which the controller 4A which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is used. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a plan for a target value of electric power P1 of storage battery 11. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of loads; FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a controller 4B according to a modification; It is a figure which shows the example of the hardware constitutions of a controller.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same elements, functions, processes, etc. are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100 using a controller 4 according to the first embodiment. The power supply system 100 includes a power generation device G, a storage battery system 1, a storage battery system 2, a connection point 3, a controller 4, and a power line W.

First, the power line W and the connection point 3 will be described. The power line W connects the power generation device G, the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2, and the linking point 3. Unless otherwise specified, the power line W is assumed to be an AC power line. AC power shall refer to active power.

A connection point 3 is a connection point between the power line W and the power grid 9 . Power is exchanged between the power generation device G, the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2 , and the power grid 9 via the linking point 3 . The transferred power is shown as power P3. In the power P3, it is assumed that the power going to the power grid 9 is positive. An example of the power grid 9 is a commercial power grid (commercial grid), in which case the power supply system 100 may operate in cooperation with the power grid 9 .

Power generation by the power generation device G includes power generation using natural energy. Examples of natural energy include wind energy, solar energy, etc. In this case, the power generation device G includes a wind power generation device, a solar power generation device, and the like. The power generated by the power generation device G, more specifically, the power directed from the power generation device G to the power line W is referred to as power PG and shown in the figure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the power PG of the power generator G. As shown in FIG. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates time t, and the vertical axis of the graph indicates power (kW). A time change of the power PG in a certain time period is exemplified. As shown in FIG. 2, the generated power PG changes moment by moment.

A rate of change is used as an index representing the time change of electric power. The rate of change indicates the rate of change in the power value for each unit period, and is represented, for example, by the ratio (%) of the amount of change in the power value with respect to the rated power (rated output) of the generator G. It is assumed that the unit period of the short-cycle stable target is generally 1 minute, and the rate of change is %/minute.

When only the power PG of the power generator G is supplied to the power line W, a large change speed of the power PG appears as it is as a change speed of the power P3 of the linking point 3 . From the viewpoint of the stability of the power grid 9, etc., suppression of the change speed of the power P3 at the linking point 3 is required. One of the purposes of the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2 is to suppress this rate of change, in other words, to stabilize the power generator.

Storage battery system 1 includes storage battery 11 , PCS 12 , terminal 13 , and battery controller 14 . The storage battery 11 charges and discharges with the power line W via the PCS 12 . The PCS 12 is a bidirectional power conversion device that converts the power from the storage battery 11 into AC power and supplies it to the power line W, or converts the AC power from the power line W into DC power and supplies it to the storage battery 11 . The PCS 12 is also called a Power Conditioning System, Power Converter, or the like. The charge/discharge power of the storage battery 11 via the PCS 12 is referred to as power P1 and illustrated. It is assumed that the power P1 has a positive discharge power.

A terminal 13 is an output terminal of the storage battery system 1 and provides connection between the PCS 12 and the power line W. FIG. The battery controller 14 controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 by controlling the PCS 12 . For example, the battery controller 14 gives the PCS 12 an output command value. The output command value defines, for example, the magnitude and direction (charging or discharging) of the power P1. In addition, the battery controller 14 monitors the power P<b>1 at the terminal 13 and monitors the SOC (State Of Charge) and remaining capacity of the storage battery 11 . Battery controller 14 is configured to be communicable with controller 4 . An example of the unit of SOC is %, and an example of the unit of remaining capacity is Ah, Wh, and the like. Henceforth, the SOC and the remaining capacity may be read appropriately as long as there is no contradiction, and one of the SOC and the remaining capacity may be understood to include the other.

Storage battery system 2 includes storage battery 21 , PCS 22 , terminal 23 , and battery controller 24 . These elements are the same as the corresponding parts of the storage battery system 1, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 is shown as power P2. It is assumed that the discharge power is also positive for the power P2.

The storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 are a first storage battery and a second storage battery having different characteristics. The storage battery 11 is a large-capacity storage battery, and the storage battery 21 is a high-power storage battery. A large-capacity storage battery is characterized in that it is easy to obtain a large amount of charge/discharge power (battery capacity), but it is difficult to obtain a large amount of charge/discharge power (output) compared to a high-power storage battery. Compared to large-capacity storage batteries, high-power storage batteries are characterized by being able to easily obtain a large amount of charge/discharge power, but being difficult to obtain a large amount of charge/discharge power. Since it is well known that there are storage batteries with different characteristics, further detailed description will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the storage battery 11 has a battery capacity larger than that of the storage battery 21 . In addition, the controller 4 controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 so that the maximum charging/discharging power (maximum output) of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21 . The maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 11 here indicates the maximum absolute value of the power P1. The maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 indicates the maximum absolute value of the power P2.

The controller 4 controls the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2 . Controller 4 includes acquisition unit 41 , calculation unit 42 , charge/discharge control unit 43 , and storage unit 44 .

The acquisition unit 41 acquires information necessary for controlling the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2 . For example, the acquisition unit 41 acquires power information. An example of power information is a power value or the like, which is measured, monitored, or the like by a power measuring device or the like (not shown). Examples of power include power PG of the power generator G, power P1 of the storage battery 11, power P2 of the storage battery 21, power P3 of the linking point 3, and the like. For example, information on the power PG is transmitted from the power generator G to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41 . Information on the power P1 and the power P2 is transmitted from the battery controller 14 and the battery controller 24 to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41 . Information on the power P3 is transmitted from the linking point 3 to the controller 4 and is acquired by the acquisition unit 41 . Moreover, the acquisition part 41 acquires storage battery information. Examples of the storage battery information are the SOC of the storage battery 11 and the SOC of the storage battery 21 . For example, the SOC of the storage battery 11 and the SOC of the storage battery 21 are transmitted from the battery controller 14 and the battery controller 24 to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41 .

The calculation unit 42 calculates a target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 and a target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 41 . Details will be described later.

The charge/discharge control unit 43 controls charge/discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of the power P<b>1 and the target value of the power P<b>2 calculated by the calculation unit 42 . For example, the charge/discharge control unit 43 transmits to the battery controller 14 an output command value for the PCS 12 corresponding to the target value of the power P1. The battery controller 14 gives the received output command value to the PCS 12 . The PCS 12 charges and discharges the storage battery 11 according to the given output command value. Electric power P1 of storage battery 11 approaches the target value. Also, the charge/discharge control unit 43 transmits to the battery controller 24 an output command value of the PCS 22 corresponding to the target value of the electric power P2. The battery controller 24 gives the received output command value to the PCS 22 . The PCS 22 charges and discharges the storage battery 21 according to the given output command value. Electric power P2 of storage battery 21 approaches the target value.

The charging/discharging control by the charging/discharging control unit 43 is performed at intervals equal to or shorter than the above-described unit period (1 minute, etc.) of the changing speed. Examples of the charge/discharge control interval are several seconds, ten and several seconds, several tens of seconds, and one minute. Note that the calculation interval by the calculator 42 may be the same as the charge/discharge control interval.

The storage unit 44 stores various information necessary for control by the controller 4 . A control program 441 is exemplified as information stored in the storage unit 44 . The control program 441 is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed in the controller 4 . In addition, the storage unit 44 stores power information, storage battery information, and the like acquired by the acquisition unit 41 and stores information necessary for calculation by the calculation unit 42 .

The calculator 42 will be described in detail. The calculator 42 includes a first calculator 421 and a second calculator 422 . The first calculator 421 calculates a target value of the power P1. Second calculator 422 calculates a target value for power P2. The first calculator 421 and the second calculator 422 calculate the target value of the power P1 and the target value of the power P2 so as to suppress the change speed of the power P3 of the linking point 3 . In the following, it is assumed that the rate of change is suppressed to 1%/min or less.

The first calculator 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 at the linking point 3 within a range in which the magnitude of the power P1 does not exceed the set value. The set value is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 . When the magnitude of the target value of the power P1 exceeds the set value in calculation, the first calculator 421 calculates the same magnitude of power as the set value as the target value of the power P1. Thereby, the target value of the power P1 is limited (fixed) to the set value. A case where the set value is 400 kW will be described below as an example.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the target value of the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11. As shown in FIG. The target value of power P1 is calculated so as to suppress the rate of change of power P3 within a range in which the magnitude of power P1 does not exceed 400 kW, that is, within a range of ±400 kW. When the power P1 exceeds +400 kW in calculation, +400 kW is calculated as the target value of the power P1. If the power P1 is lower than -400 kW in calculation, -400 kW is calculated as the target value of the power P1.

Returning to FIG. 1 , the second calculator 422 calculates the total power of the power PG and the target value of the power P1 calculated by the first calculator 421 . This total power is the power P3 after the rate of change is suppressed by the power P1, and corresponds to the power P3 when it is assumed that the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is absent.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. In FIG. Compared to the original power PG (FIG. 2), the rate of change is considerably suppressed. However, during the period in which the target value of power P1 is limited to the set value, suppression of the rate of change is still insufficient. That is, the rate of change is not suppressed below 1%/min.

Returning to FIG. 1 , the second calculation unit 422 further reduces the rate of change in the total power between the power PG and the target value of the power P1, that is, the rate of change in the power P3 after being suppressed by the power P1. Calculate the target value of P2.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the target value of the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21. As shown in FIG. The target value of the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to further suppress the rate of change during the period in which the rate of change was not sufficiently suppressed in FIG. 4 described above.

Returning to FIG. 1 , the charge/discharge control unit 43 performs charge/discharge control of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of the power P<b>1 and the target value of the power P<b>2 calculated by the calculation unit 42 . That is, the charge/discharge control unit 43 charges/discharges the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 . More specifically, the charge/discharge control unit 43 controls the rate of change of the power P3 within a range in which the magnitude of the power P1 does not exceed a set value (a value smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21). , the storage battery 11 is charged and discharged. Then, charge/discharge control unit 43 charges/discharges storage battery 21 so as to further suppress the change speed of electric power P3 after being suppressed by storage battery 11 .

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the power P3 of the linking point 3. As shown in FIG. Power P1 and power P2 both suppress the rate of change of power P3 at arbitrary time t. That is, the rate of change is suppressed to 1%/min or less.

The maximum charging/discharging electric power and battery capacity of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 which are charge/discharge controlled as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within the range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is approximately 1500 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +70 kWh and approximately −1430 kWh.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21 is about 930 kW because the power P2 varies between about +480 kW and about -930 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is approximately 270 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +0 kWh and approximately -270 kWh.

The maximum charging/discharging power of 400 kW of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charging/discharging power of about 930 kW of the storage battery 21 . Moreover, the battery capacity of about 270 kWh required by the storage battery 21 is smaller than the battery capacity of about 1500 kWh required by the storage battery 11 . Therefore, the battery capacity (charge/discharge power amount) of the storage battery 21 can be suppressed while suppressing the output (maximum charge/discharge power) of the storage battery 11 . This effect will be further described using a comparative example.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a comparative example. The power supply system 100E according to the comparative example differs from the power supply system 100 (FIG. 1) described above particularly in that the storage battery system 1 is not included. An "E" has been added to the number of some elements in power supply system 100E. In the power supply system 100E, the rate of change of the power P3E at the linking point 3E is suppressed only by the power P2E of the storage battery 21E of the storage battery system 2E.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3E of a comparative example. The charge/discharge of the storage battery 21E is controlled with the electric power P2E that suppresses the rate of change of the electric power P3E.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2E and charge/discharge power amount of the storage battery 21E of the comparative example. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21E is about 1270 kW because the power P2E varies between about +820 kW and about -1270 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21E is approximately 600 kWh because the amount of charge/discharge power varies from approximately +0 kWh to approximately -600 kWh. The battery capacity of about 600 kWh required by the storage battery 21E of the comparative example is considerably larger than the battery capacity of about 270 kWh required by the storage battery 21 previously described with reference to FIG.

With reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 again, the cause of the increase in the charge/discharge power amount (required battery capacity) of the storage battery 21E will be considered. For example, from the time t1 to the time t2, due to the time change of the power PG being considerably large, the gradient state continues in which the difference between the power PG and the power P3E of the linking point 3E becomes large. Continuation of the gradient state here means that the gradient difference (positive difference or negative difference) with the same sign continues. As a result of such a difference continuing, the state in which the electric power P2E is in the same direction (the charging direction in this example) continues, and the battery capacity required by the storage battery 21E increases. In the power supply system 100 according to the embodiment, the storage battery 11 bears the capacity for suppressing the gradient. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is reduced accordingly. Therefore, as described above, it is possible to suppress not only the output of the storage battery 11 but also the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 .

<Temporary stop of storage battery 11>
Based on the findings described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, even if charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is stopped when the gradient state does not continue for a long time, the effect of suppressing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 can be obtained. . Such charge/discharge control may be performed by the charge/discharge control unit 43 .

For example, when the first calculation unit 421 of the calculation unit 42 determines that the state in which the gradient state does not continue for a long time (non-gradient state) continues for a certain period of time, the first calculation unit 421 calculates the target value of the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11 as zero. . A threshold decision may be used to determine whether the non-gradient condition persists. For example, when the rate of change of the electric power PG of the power generation device G remains below the threshold for a certain period of time, the first calculator 421 determines that the non-gradient state continues. For example, when the average gradient for 10 minutes is 10% or less, charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 may be suspended. The size of the threshold and the length of the fixed period may be set arbitrarily.

As a result of the first calculation unit 421 calculating the target value of the power P1 as zero as described above, the charge/discharge control unit 43 controls the charge/discharge of the storage battery 11 so that the power P1 becomes zero. During this time, charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is temporarily stopped. That is, the charging/discharging control unit 43 suspends charging/discharging of the storage battery 11 when the rate of change of the electric power P3 has continued for a certain period of time.

After a certain amount of time (the length may be set arbitrarily) has passed after the start of stopping, or when the continuation of the gradient state starts again, the first calculator 421 calculates the power P3 in the same manner as before. A target value of the power P1 is calculated so as to suppress the rate of change. The charge/discharge control unit 43 charges and discharges the storage battery 11 . A specific example will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 17. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the target value of the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11. As shown in FIG. Time t3 is a time later than time t2 in FIG. 10 described above. The non-gradient state continues for a certain period of time and reaches time t3. At time t3, the target value of power P1 is calculated as zero. This calculation is repeated until time t4. At time t4, the target value of power P1 is again calculated within the range of ±400 kW.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. In FIG. In the period in which the target value of the power P1 is limited to the set value or the period in which it is calculated as zero, the suppression of the rate of change is still insufficient.

The second calculator 422 is the same as before. Second calculator 422 calculates the target value of power P2 so as to further suppress the rate of change of power P3 after being suppressed by power P1.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the target value of the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21. As shown in FIG. The target value of the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to further suppress the rate of change during the period in which the rate of change was not sufficiently suppressed in FIG. 13 described above.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the power P3 of the linkage point 3. As shown in FIG. Power P1 and power P2 both suppress the rate of change of power P3 at arbitrary time t.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within the range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is approximately 530 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +110 kWh and approximately −420 kWh.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21 is 930 kW because the power P2 varies between about +480 kW and about -930 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is approximately 330 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +0 kWh and approximately −330 kWh.

The battery capacity of approximately 330 kWh required by the storage battery 21 is smaller than the battery capacity of approximately 530 kWh required by the storage battery 11 . Even if the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is temporarily stopped in the non-gradient state in this way, the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 can still be suppressed.

<Cancel gradient with storage battery 11 as long-period storage battery>
Returning to FIG. 1 again, the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11, which is a large-capacity storage battery, is used for smoothing in a relatively long cycle (long cycle), and the charging and discharging of the storage battery 21, which is a high-power storage battery, is used in a relatively short cycle. It may be used for smoothing at (short period). In this case, it can be said that the storage battery 11 is a long-cycle storage battery and the storage battery 21 is a short-cycle storage battery. It can be said that the storage battery system 1 is a long-cycle storage battery system, and the storage battery system 2 is a short-cycle storage battery system.

For example, the first calculator 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 based on the power PG of the power generator G for each predetermined period. The predetermined period is a period longer than the previously described unit period (such as one minute) of the rate of change, and is, for example, a period of several minutes, several ten minutes, several tens of minutes, several hours, or the like.

In one embodiment, the first calculator 421 may calculate the target value of the power P1 based on the averaged power PG of the power generator G. A period for obtaining one average value corresponds to the predetermined period. Although the averaging method is not particularly limited, for example, exponential averaging, interval averaging, moving average, etc. may be used. Exponential averaging requires less memory capacity than other averaging methods, and is characterized by being able to easily follow sudden changes. The interval average tends to show the tendency when the same change continues for a long time, and has the feature that the data processing load after averaging is small. A moving average is typically used when the same change continues for a long time. The first calculator 421 calculates the averaged power PG.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of the target value of power P1 based on averaged power PG. The first calculator 421 calculates a target value of the power P1 in calculation for suppressing fluctuations in the averaged power PG as the power P1c. The power P1c can also be said to be a candidate value for the target value of the power P1. A case where the set value is 400 kW will be described below as an example.

Power P1c varies over a wide range from about 1140 kW to about -510 kW. As described above, for example, when the set value is 400 kW, the first calculator 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 within a range of ±400 kW (within the range of the set value). When the magnitude of power P1c exceeds 400 kW, the target value of power P1 may be fixed at the set value. When the non-gradient state continues for a certain period of time, the target value of power P1 may be calculated as zero. Calculation methods other than these are also possible. In the form illustrated here, the first calculator 421 shifts the magnitude of the target value of the power P1 when the magnitude of the power P1c exceeds 400 kW. A specific description will be given below.

In one embodiment, the first calculator 421 keeps the target value of the power P1 to change over time in the same manner as the change over time of the power P1c, while the target value of the power P1 does not exceed the set value. , to shift the magnitude of the target value of the power P1. In this example, the time variation corresponds to the time variation of the averaged power PG. For example, the first calculator 421 shifts the magnitude of power by giving an offset corresponding to the amount of shift when the magnitude of power exceeds 400 kW. When the magnitude of the power after the shift exceeds 400 kW again, the first calculator 421 gives a further offset at that timing. For example, the power value thus obtained is calculated as the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 .

In the example shown in FIG. 18, the magnitude of the target value of power P1 shifts to zero at times t11 to t15. Specifically, at times t14 and t15, the target value of the power P1 shifts from around +400 kW to zero. For example, an offset of -400 kW is provided at each of those times. From time t11 to time t13, the target value of power P1 shifts from around -400 kW to zero. For example, at each of those times an offset of +400 kW is provided.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generator G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. In FIG. Although large fluctuations for each predetermined period have been smoothed out, the rate of change with a period shorter than the predetermined period as a unit period has not yet been suppressed.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the target value of the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21. As shown in FIG. A target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3.

The charge/discharge control unit 43 may perform charge/discharge control of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of the power P1 and the target value of the power P2 calculated as described above. For example, the charging/discharging control unit 43 controls the charging/discharging of the storage battery 11 based on the power PG for each predetermined period longer than the unit period of the rate of change of the power P3. Then, the charge/discharge control unit 43 controls charge/discharge of the storage battery 21 based on the power PG for each unit period. At this time, the charge/discharge control unit 43 shifts the magnitude of the power P1 so that the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 does not exceed the set value while continuing the time change of the power P1.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the power P3 of the linkage point 3. As shown in FIG. Power P1 and power P2 both suppress the rate of change of power P3 at arbitrary time t.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within the range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is approximately 800 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +280 kWh and approximately -520 kWh.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 and the charge/discharge power amount. The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21 is about 1120 kW because the power P2 varies between about +960 kW and about -1120 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is approximately 380 kWh because the charge/discharge power varies between approximately +0 kWh and approximately -380 kWh.

Therefore, even if the storage battery 11 is used as a long-cycle storage battery or the magnitude of the power P1 is shifted within the range of the limit value, it is possible to suppress the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 while suppressing the output of the storage battery 11. can be done. The reason why the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 is suppressed even by the shift of the power P1 is that the storage battery 11 is controlled to charge and discharge so as to continue the time change according to the time change of the power PG of the power generator G. , since it bears the capacity to constrain the gradient.

An example in which the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 is shifted to zero has been described above. Various other shifts are possible. For example, the magnitude of the power P1 may shift to such a magnitude that the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 are reversed. This point will also be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. FIG.

24 and 25 are diagrams showing an example of shifting the power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. An upper limit power P1 _UL and a lower limit power P1 _LL are exemplified as setting values. The upper limit power P1 _UL defines the upper limit of the power P1. The lower limit power P1 _LL defines the lower limit of the power P1.

In the example shown in FIG. 24, the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11 changes over time so as to create a gradient from negative to positive. The power P1 shifts to the power P1 _-U at the timing when the power P1c exceeds the upper limit power P1- _UL . As a result, the required charging/discharging power amount for making the storage battery 21 go from negative to positive can be suppressed.

In the example shown in FIG. 25, the power P1 is time-varying to create a positive to negative gradient. The power P1 shifts to the power P1- _L at the timing when the power P1c falls below the lower limit power P1- _LL . As a result, the required charge/discharge capacity for making the storage battery 21 move from positive to negative can be suppressed.

It is the slope that is important, not the absolute value. If the values of P1 _LL and P1 _UL are in the charge direction, the amount of charging power of the storage battery 11 can be increased, and if the values of P1 _LL and P1 _UL are in the direction of discharging, the amount of discharge power of the storage battery 11 can be increased. can be done. Thereby, the storage capacity of the storage battery 11 can also be controlled and suppressed.

The magnitudes (absolute values) of the upper limit power P1 _UL and the lower limit power P1 _LL may be the same or different. The power P1 _U after the shift shown in FIG. 24 may be a value smaller than the upper limit power P1 _UL . Power P1 _U may be less than or equal to zero. When the power P1 _U is less than zero, the magnitude of the power P1 shifts to such a magnitude that the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is reversed. The power P1 _L after the shift shown in FIG. 25 may be a value larger than the lower limit power P1 _LL . Power P1 _L may be greater than or equal to zero. When the power _P1L is greater than zero, the magnitude of the power P1 shifts to such a magnitude that the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is reversed.

<Second embodiment>
In the second embodiment, charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 are systematically controlled based on prediction.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100A using a controller 4A according to the second embodiment. The controller 4A includes an acquisition unit 41A, a calculation unit 42A, and a storage unit 44A instead of the acquisition unit 41, the calculation unit 42, and the storage unit 44, and a planning unit 45, as compared with the controller 4 (FIG. 1). is further included.

The acquisition unit 41A also acquires information necessary for predicting the power PG of the power generator G, in addition to the power information and storage battery information described above. An example of such information is weather information, such as information indicating wind power, amount of solar radiation, temperature, etc. for each hour or time zone. Weather information and the like are acquired via an external network (not shown), for example.

The planning unit 45 plans a target value for the electric power P2 of the storage battery 21 . For example, the planning unit 45 predicts the future electric power PG of the power generation device G based on the weather information and the like acquired by the acquisition unit 41A. More specifically, the planning unit 45 calculates a predicted value of the electric power PG of the power generator G for each future time or time slot. Various known techniques for power generation prediction may be used.

The planning unit 45 plans a target value of the power P1 that suppresses fluctuations in the calculated predicted value of the power PG of the power generator G. FIG. For example, the planning unit 45 plans the target value of the power P1 for each planned time slot based on the predicted value of the power PG for each planned time slot. The planned time slot can correspond to the predetermined period in the first embodiment described above. The length of each planning window need not be the same. For example, the target value of the electric power P1 for each planned time period such as 15 minutes and 30 minutes is planned for 24 hours, 48 hours, and the like.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a plan for the target value of electric power P1 of storage battery 11. In FIG. Time t21 to time t22, time t22 to time t23, time t23 to time t24, time t24 to time t25, time t25 to time t26, time t26 to time t27, time t27 to time t28 and time t28 to time t29, Corresponds to the planned time period. A target value of power P1 that suppresses fluctuations in power PG is planned based on the predicted value of power PG for each planned time period.

In this example, the target value of the power P1 is planned to change with a constant slope with respect to time over the planned time period for each planned time period, or is planned to have a constant magnitude. Planned to have. From time t23 to time t24 and from time t27 to time t28, the target value of power P1 is planned to change with a positive slope. From time t21 to time t22 and from time t25 to time t26, the target value of power P1 is planned to change with a negative slope. From time t22 to time t23, from time t24 to time t25, from time t26 to time t27, and from time t28 to time t29, the target value of power P1 is planned to have a constant magnitude.

The planning unit 45 shifts the magnitude of the target value of the electric power P1 while continuing the change over time so that the magnitude does not exceed the set value. As the shift method, a method similar to that of the first calculator 421 of the calculator 42 in the first embodiment described above may be used. For example, from time t21 to time t22, the target value of power P1 continues to have a negative slope and shifts so as not to fall below -400 kW. From time t23 to time t24, the target value of power P1 continues to have a positive slope and shifts so as not to exceed +400 kW.

Note that there can of course be planned time periods such as time t25 to time t26 and time t27 to time t28 in which the target value of the power P1 does not shift. Further, since the target value of the power P1 is constant from time t22 to time t23, from time t24 to time t25, from time t26 to time t27, and from time t28 to time t29, the target value of power P1 does not shift.

Returning to FIG. 26, the calculator 42A differs from the calculator 42 (FIG. 1) in that it includes a first calculator 421A instead of the first calculator 421. FIG. For example, the first calculator 421A calculates the target value of the power P1 planned by the planner 45 as it is as the target value of the power P1. The first calculation unit 421A may be omitted, in which case the planning unit 45 also functions as the first calculation unit 421A.

The second calculator 422 calculates a target value of the power P2 that suppresses the change speed of the power P3 of the linkage point 3 . The charge/discharge control unit 43 controls charge/discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the calculation result of the calculation unit 42A. The details are the same as in the first embodiment, so the description will not be repeated.

The storage unit 44A stores various information necessary for control by the controller 4A. A control program 441A is exemplified as information stored in the storage unit 44A. The control program 441A is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed by the controller 4A. In addition, the storage unit 44A stores power information, storage battery information, weather information, and the like acquired by the acquisition unit 41A, and stores information necessary for planning by the planning unit 45 and calculation by the calculation unit 42. or

In the power supply system 100A as well, the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11 continues to change over time and shifts so that the magnitude does not exceed the set value. Therefore, both suppression of the output of the storage battery 11 and suppression of the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 can be achieved.

In the power supply system 100A, the target value of the power P1 may be planned to change with a constant slope or to have a constant magnitude for each planned time period. . This also has the effect of avoiding complicated control, for example. This effect is obtained even when the power P1 is not shifted, and in this sense, a form in which the power P1 is not shifted can also be one of the forms of the power supply system 100A.

In one embodiment, control may be performed in consideration of the SOC of the storage battery. For example, the planning unit 45 may plan the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 so that the SOC of the storage battery 21 at the end of the planned time period is close to the target SOC (target value of remaining capacity). It can also be said that this is a plan in which the power of the storage battery 21 is covered by the storage battery 11 . The end of the planned time period may be several seconds, several tens of seconds, several minutes, or the like, before the end time of the planned time period. An example target SOC is about 50%. The possibility of maximally utilizing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 increases. For example, lithium-ion batteries tend to deteriorate when left near full charge, so increasing the frequency of charging and discharging near SOC 50% increases the possibility of suppressing the progression of storage battery deterioration.

Planning unit 45 may re-plan the target value of electric power P2 for the next planned time period based on the actual SOC of storage battery 21 at the end of the planned time period. The possibility that the SOC of storage battery 21 at the end of the next planned time period will be close to the target SOC increases. The re-planning of the target value of the power P2 for the next planned time period may include re-planning the target value of the power P1 for 24 hours, 48 hours, etc. from that point in time.

In one embodiment, charging and discharging of the storage battery 21 may be controlled so that the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is as small as possible within the allowable range. For example, even if charge/discharge control is adopted in which the rate of change of power P3, which is smaller than ±1%/min, is intentionally brought closer to +1%/min or -1%/min, and the power P2 of storage battery 21 is reduced accordingly. good. Since the magnitude of the electric power P2 is suppressed, the battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 can be further suppressed. In addition, by suppressing charging and discharging of the storage battery 21, progress of deterioration can be suppressed.

<Modification>
The technology disclosed is not limited to the above embodiments. Some modifications will be described. In one embodiment, loads (demands) that consume power may be included in the power supply system. This will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of loads. A load connected to the power line W and consuming power from the power line W is referred to as a load L and illustrated. Examples of loads L are houses, factories, and the like. The power consumed by the load L is referred to as power consumption PL and is illustrated. Information on the power consumption PL is also transmitted from, for example, the load L to the controller and acquired.

At least part of the power PG of the generator G is consumed by the load L. The remaining power (PG-PL) is power that can be supplied to the power grid 9 via the linking point 3 . By treating this power in the same manner as the power PG described above, it is possible to suppress the change speed of the power P3 at the linking point 3 . To the extent that there is no contradiction, the power PG of the power generation device G may be read as power obtained by subtracting the power PL of the load L from the power PG of the power generation device G.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the power supply system includes one storage battery system 1 and one storage battery system 2 has been described. However, the power supply system may include a plurality of storage battery systems 1 or may include a plurality of storage battery systems 2 . The controller may individually control charging and discharging of the plurality of storage battery systems 1 , and may individually control charging and discharging of the plurality of storage battery systems 2 . Individual control may include unit control. In the number control, the number of storage batteries to be charged and discharged is also controlled.

In one embodiment, a trained model may be used to calculate target values for power P1 and power P2. This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a controller 4B according to a modification. The controller 4B differs from the controller 4 (FIG. 1) in that it includes a calculation unit 42B and a storage unit 44B instead of the calculation unit 42 and the storage unit 44, and further includes a learning unit 46.

A control program 441B, a trained model 442, and training data 443 are exemplified as information stored in the storage unit 44B. The control program 441B is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed in the controller 4B. For example, when data (input data) corresponding to the information acquired by the acquisition unit 41 is input, the learned model 442 outputs data (output data) corresponding to the target values of the power P1 and the power P2. The target values of the power P1 and the power P2 to which the output data correspond are the same as the target values of the power P1 and the power P2 calculated by the calculator 42 (FIG. 1) described above.

The learned model 442 is trained (machine learning, etc.) using the training data 443 so as to output output data when input data is input. An example of training data 443 is a dataset that combines input and output data. The data set may be prepared using past charge/discharge control data of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 performed in the power supply system, experimental data, simulation data, and the like.

The calculator 42B uses the learned model 442 to calculate the target values of the power P1 and the power P2. Calculation unit 42B acquires output data obtained by inputting input data to learned model 442 as target values of power P1 and power P2.

The charge/discharge control unit 43 controls charge/discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target values of the power P1 and the power P2 calculated (acquired) by the calculation unit 42B.

The learning unit 46 learns the trained model 442 using the training data 443 stored in the storage unit 44B. This allows the trained model 442 to be generated and the trained model 442 to be updated based on the latest training data 443 . Note that the learning unit 46 and the training data 443 may be provided outside the controller 4B (for example, an information processing device such as a server device (not shown)). In this case, a trained learned model 442 generated outside the controller 4B is provided to the controller 4B and used.

Although not shown, the learned model may also be used for planning the target value of the power P1 by the planning unit 45 of the controller 4A (FIG. 26).

In one embodiment, the functionality of battery controller 14 of battery system 1 may be incorporated into controller 4 . The simplification of the structure of the storage battery system 1, etc. are attained. The functionality of the battery controller 24 of the battery system 2 may be incorporated into the controller 4 . The simplification of the structure of the storage battery system 2, etc. are attained.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a controller; A computer or the like having the illustrated hardware configuration functions as the controller 4, controller 4A, or controller 4B described above. Here, the controller 4 will be described as an example. The illustrated controller 4 includes, as a hardware configuration, a communication device 4a, a display device 4b, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 4c, a memory 4d, and a processor 4e, which are interconnected via a bus or the like.

The communication device 4a is a network interface card or the like, and enables communication with other devices. The display device 4b is, for example, a touch panel or a display. The HDD 4c functions as a storage unit 44 and stores a control program 441, for example.

The processor 4e causes the computer to function as the controller 4 by reading the control program 441 from the HDD 4c or the like and developing it in the memory 4d. The functions of the controller 4 include the functions of the acquisition unit 41, the functions of the calculation unit 42, the functions of the charge/discharge control unit 43, and the like, as described above.

The control program 441 can be distributed via a network such as the Internet. The control program 441 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a hard disk, flexible disk (FD), CD-ROM, MO (Magneto-Optical disk), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), etc., and is read by a computer. can be executed by reading from

The techniques described above are specified, for example, as follows. One of the technologies disclosed is a controller. As described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 and the like, the controller 4 controls the power generation device G and the storage battery 11 (first storage battery) and the storage battery 21 (second storage battery) and the power grid 9, the power P3 (transmission and reception power) at the connection point 3 is controlled so as to suppress the rate of change (rate of change in power value per unit period). 11 and storage battery 21 are controlled to be charged and discharged. The storage battery 11 has a battery capacity larger than that of the storage battery 21 . The charge/discharge control includes charging/discharging the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 .

In the controller 4 described above, charging and discharging of the two types of storage batteries, the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21, is controlled so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 at the linking point 3. FIG. The generator can be stabilized. Moreover, the storage battery 11 has a battery capacity larger than that of the storage battery 21 . The maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 11 is controlled to be smaller than the maximum charging/discharging power of the storage battery 21 . The storage battery 11 used in this manner is a large-capacity storage battery. The storage battery 21 is a high-power storage battery. As described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 and the like, while suppressing the output of the storage battery 11 (maximum charge/discharge power), the battery capacity (charge/discharge power amount) of the storage battery 21 is higher than when the storage battery 11 is not used. can be suppressed. It is possible to achieve both suppression of the output of the storage battery 11 (large-capacity storage battery) and suppression of the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 (high-output storage battery).

The charge/discharge control by the controller 4 is performed within a range in which the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 does not exceed a set value set to a value smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 (for example, within a range of ±400 kW). charging and discharging the storage battery 11 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3; and charging and discharging the storage battery 21 so as to further suppress the rate of change in the electric power P3 after being suppressed by the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11. , may include For example, in this manner, while suppressing the output of the storage battery 11, the rate of change of the electric power P3 can be suppressed.

As described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 17 and the like, the charge/discharge control by the controller 4 temporarily suspends the charge/discharge of the storage battery 11 in response to the fact that the rate of change of the electric power P3 is less than the threshold for a certain period of time. May include stopping. As described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 and the like, the continuation of the gradient state caused by the increase in the rate of change of the power PG can be a factor in increasing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 . In the other non-gradient state, that is, in a state where the rate of change of the power P3 is less than the threshold (somewhat small), even if the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is stopped, the necessary battery capacity of the storage battery 21 does not become so large. Therefore, even if charging/discharging of the storage battery 11 is temporarily stopped, it is still possible to suppress the output of the storage battery 11 and suppress the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 .

As described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 25 and the like, the charge/discharge control by the controller 4 is based on the power PG of the power generator G for each predetermined period longer than the unit period (the period serving as the reference for the rate of change). , controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11, and controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery 21 based on the power PG of the power generator G for each unit period. In this manner, the storage battery 11 can be used as a long-cycle storage battery, and the storage battery 21 can be used as a short-cycle storage battery.

As described with reference to FIGS. 18, 24, and 25, the discharge control by the controller 4 keeps the power P1 of the storage battery 11 changing with time while the power P1 of the storage battery 11 increases to the above-described level. It may include shifting the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 so as not to exceed the set value (time t11 to time t15). The shift of the magnitude of the power P1 in this case may include shifting the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 to zero or to a magnitude at which charging and discharging are reversed. For example, the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11 can be shifted in various ways as described above, and by doing so, the battery capacity of the storage battery 11 can also be suppressed.

As described with reference to FIG. 18 and the like, the time change of the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11 may be a time change according to the time change of the averaged electric power PG of the power generator G. For example, in this way, the actual time change of the power PG of the power generator G can be reflected in the time change of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 .

As described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27 and the like, the time change of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 is a time change corresponding to the predicted time change of the power PG of the power generation device G, and is a time change corresponding to at least one predetermined period of time. It may be a time change that changes with a constant slope over the (planned time period) (time t21 to time t22, time t23 to time t24, time t25 to time t26, time t27 to time t28, time t29 to time t30). By using such a simple time change as the time change of the electric power P1 of the storage battery 11, for example, complicated control can be avoided.

As described with reference to FIG. 1 and the like, power generation by the power generation device G may include power generation using natural energy. The storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 can suppress the rate of change in the power PG of the power generator G, and the power can be supplied to the power network 9 .

The control program 441 described with reference to FIG. 1 etc. is also one of the disclosed technologies. The control program 441 causes the computer to execute control (processing) by the controller 4 . The power supply system 100 is also one of disclosed technologies. The power supply system 100 includes a power generation device G, a storage battery 11, a storage battery 21, and a controller 4. With these control programs 441 and power supply system 100, as described above, the power generator can be stabilized, and both the output of storage battery 11 and the battery capacity of storage battery 21 can be suppressed. .

The control processing, that is, the control method executed by the controller 4 is also one of the disclosed technologies. The control method is based on the power PG of the power generation device G, the power generation device G, the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 connected to the power generation device G, and the change in the power P3 (transfer power) of the connection point 3 between the power network 9 The charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 are controlled so as to suppress the speed. The storage battery 21 has a battery capacity smaller than that of the storage battery 11 . The charge/discharge control includes charging/discharging the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the storage battery 21 . Also by this control method, as described above, it is possible to stabilize the power generation device and simultaneously suppress the output of the storage battery 11 and suppress the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 .

1 storage battery system 11 storage battery 12 PCS
13 Terminal 14 Battery Controller 2 Storage Battery System 21 Storage Battery 22 PCS
23 terminal 24 battery controller 3 link point 4 controller 41 acquisition unit 42 calculation unit 421 first calculation unit 422 second calculation unit 43 charge/discharge control unit 44 storage unit 441 control program 442 learned model 443 training data 45 planning unit 46 learning unit G power generator P1 power P2 power P3 power PG power PL power consumption

Claims (11)

Based on the generated power of the power generation device, the first power generation device is controlled so as to suppress the rate of change in power transfer between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and the power network. charging and discharging the storage battery and the second storage battery,
is a controller,
The first storage battery has a battery capacity larger than the battery capacity of the second storage battery,
The charge/discharge control charges/discharges the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. including
controller. The charge/discharge control is
so as to suppress the rate of change within a range in which the magnitude of the charge/discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value set to a value smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. charging and discharging the first storage battery;
charging and discharging the second storage battery so as to further suppress the rate of change after being suppressed by charging and discharging the first storage battery;
including,
The controller of Claim 1. The charging/discharging control includes suspending charging/discharging of the first storage battery in response to the state in which the rate of change is less than a threshold continues for a certain period of time.
3. A controller according to claim 1 or 2. The rate of change indicates the rate of change of the power value per unit period,
The charge/discharge control is
controlling charging and discharging of the first storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device for each predetermined period longer than the unit period;
controlling charging and discharging of the second storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device for each unit period;
including,
The controller of Claim 1. The charging/discharging control keeps the charge/discharge power of the first storage battery changing with time, and the charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. Shifting the magnitude of the charge and discharge power of the first storage battery so as not to exceed the set value set to the value,
The shifting includes shifting the magnitude of charge/discharge power of the first storage battery to zero or a magnitude at which charge/discharge is reversed,
5. A controller as claimed in claim 4. The time change in the charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is a time change corresponding to the averaged time change in the power generated by the power generation device.
6. A controller as claimed in claim 5. The time change of the charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is a time change corresponding to the predicted time change of the generated power of the power generation device, and changes with a constant slope over at least one of the predetermined periods. is time-varying,
6. A controller as claimed in claim 5. Power generation by the power generation device includes power generation using natural energy,
A controller according to any one of claims 1-7. to the computer,
Based on the generated power of the power generation device, the first power generation device is controlled so as to suppress the rate of change in power transfer between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and the power network. charging and discharging the storage battery and the second storage battery,
A control program for executing a process,
The second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery,
The charge/discharge control charges/discharges the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. including
control program. Based on the generated power of the power generation device, the first power generation device is controlled so as to suppress the rate of change in power transfer between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and the power network. charging and discharging the storage battery and the second storage battery,
A control method comprising:
The second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery,
The charge/discharge control charges/discharges the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. including
control method. a power generator;
a first storage battery connected to the power generator;
a second storage battery connected to the power generator;
The first storage battery and the second storage battery are arranged so as to suppress the rate of change in power transfer between the power generation device, the first storage battery, the second storage battery, and the power network based on the power generated by the power generation device. a controller that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery of 2;
with
The second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery,
The charge/discharge control charges/discharges the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that the maximum charge/discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charge/discharge power of the second storage battery. including
power supply system.

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