JP2023004477A - Probe for three-dimensional coordinate measurement device and three-dimensional coordinate measurement device equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device and a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device including the same are provided, which enable physical quantities to be measured over a wide range of an object to be measured without requiring user skill. A probe (200) is configured to be portable by a user and includes a main body (250), a stylus (211) and a grip (230). A plurality of markers eq captured by the movable camera 120 of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 are provided on the main body 250 . The stylus 211 has a contact portion that indicates a measurement point by contacting the object to be measured, and is attached at predetermined positions with respect to the plurality of markers eq. The grip portion 230 is configured to be grippable by the user. The grip portion 230 is provided with an operation portion configured to be operable by the user who grips the grip portion 230 . The grip part 230 is connected to the body part 250 so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RA. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention is used in a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus for calculating the coordinates of a measuring point on an object to be measured, and includes a probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus for contacting an object to indicate a measuring point, and the same. It relates to a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device.

A probe having a contact portion is used in a contact-type three-dimensional coordinate measuring device. The contact portion of the probe is brought into contact with the object to be measured, and the contact position between the object to be measured and the contact portion is calculated. A plurality of locations on the measurement object are calculated to measure the dimensions of the desired portion of the measurement object.

A three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus described in Patent Literature 1 includes a mounting table, a probe, and an imaging section. The contact portion of the probe is brought into contact with the object to be measured placed on the mounting table. Image data is generated by capturing an image of a plurality of markers provided on the probe by the imaging unit. The coordinates of the contact position between the object to be measured and the contact portion are calculated based on the image data.

JP 2015-194452 A

In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus described above, the mounting table and the imaging section are integrally held by the holding section so that the area above the mounting table is imaged by the imaging section. Furthermore, the imaging unit is arranged obliquely above the mounting table, and is fixed so that the imaging area faces obliquely downward toward the mounting table. According to this configuration, the positional relationship between the object to be measured placed on the placing table and the imaging section is stabilized.

With the object to be measured placed on the mounting table, the part whose coordinates can be measured among the plurality of parts of the object to be measured moves the contact part in a state where the imaging part images a plurality of markers of the probe. Limited to accessible range. Therefore, depending on the shape and size of the measurement object, the range of the measurable portion of the measurement object may vary greatly depending on the skill of the user.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus and a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus having the same, which enable physical quantities to be measured over a wide range of an object to be measured without requiring user's skill. That is.

(1) A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to the first invention is used in a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device that calculates the coordinates of a measurement point on an object to be measured based on a plurality of measurement markers imaged by an imaging unit. a probe configured to be portable by a user for indicating a measurement point, the main body having a plurality of measurement markers arranged so as to be imaged from a predetermined direction; The indicator is attached at a predetermined position with respect to the measurement marker to indicate the measurement point, the grip is configured to be grippable by the user and defines the gripping posture of the user, and the grip is rotatably connected to the body portion about a predetermined rotation axis, and the gripping portion rotates about the rotation axis via the connection portion to grip according to the prescribed gripping posture. The plurality of measurement markers are arranged in different orientations when the part is grasped by a user.

In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus described above, the measuring point is indicated by the indicating portion of the probe. At this time, a plurality of measurement markers on the main body are imaged. The coordinates of the indicated measurement point are calculated based on the image data obtained by imaging and the positional relationship between the plurality of measurement markers and the indicating section. Therefore, in order to obtain the coordinates of a desired measurement point on the object to be measured, the plurality of measurement markers must be positioned within the field of view of the imaging unit and face the imaging unit when indicating the measurement point. .

In the probe described above, the grip portion rotates around the rotation axis at the connecting portion. Thereby, when the grip is gripped by the user according to the defined grip posture, the plurality of measurement markers are arranged in different orientations when the grip rotates. Therefore, it becomes possible to measure the physical quantity over a wide range of the object to be measured without requiring the user's skill.

(2) The main body portion may have a marker surface on which a plurality of measurement markers are arranged, and the connection portion may be provided on the opposite side of the main body portion to the marker surface. In this case, the grasping portion is prevented from entering the field of view of the imaging portion when imaging the plurality of measurement markers. Therefore, reduction of the measurement range is suppressed.

(3) The rotation axis of the connection part is provided along the marker surface, and the grip part is gripped by the user in accordance with the specified gripping posture by rotating the grip part around the rotation axis via the connection part. sometimes configured to be transitionable between a first state in which the marker face faces a first direction and a second state in which the marker face faces a second direction different from the first direction may be

In this case, the direction in which the marker surface faces is selectively switched between the first direction and the second direction according to the rotation of the grip. Therefore, by switching between the first state and the second state according to the usage state of the user, it is possible to facilitate the task of indicating the measurement point.

(4) The gripping section may have an operating section that receives an operation input related to measurement by the user, and the gripping posture may be defined by the arrangement of the operating section. In this case, by rotating the grip in an appropriate direction, the operation of the operating portion is facilitated. Thereby, it becomes possible to indicate the measurement point appropriately. As a result, it becomes possible to measure the physical quantity over a wide range of the object to be measured without requiring the user's skill.

(5) The grip section has a first angular position for directing the plurality of measurement markers to the imaging section facing the user, and a first angular position for directing the plurality of measurement markers to the imaging section located laterally of the user. It may be rotated to a second angular position. In this case, convenience for the user using the probe is improved.

(6) A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to the second aspect of the present invention is used in a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device that calculates coordinates of measurement points on an object to be measured based on a plurality of measurement markers imaged by an imaging unit. A probe that can be carried by a user to indicate a measurement point, and has a body portion having a plurality of measurement markers and a contact portion that indicates the measurement point by contacting an object to be measured. a stylus attached at predetermined positions with respect to a plurality of measurement markers in a main body; a gripping portion configured to be grippable by a user; and an operation portion configured to be operable by a person, and the grip portion is connected to the body portion so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis.

In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus described above, the contact portion of the probe contacts an arbitrary portion of the object to be measured to indicate the measurement point. At this time, a plurality of measurement markers on the main body are imaged. The coordinates of the designated measurement point are calculated based on the image data obtained by imaging and the positional relationship between the plurality of measurement markers and the contact portion. Therefore, in order to obtain the coordinates of a desired measurement point on the object to be measured, the plurality of measurement markers must be positioned within the field of view of the imaging unit and face the imaging unit when indicating the measurement point. .

Here, the state of the position and orientation of the main unit when a plurality of measurement markers are positioned within the field of view of the imaging unit and face the imaging unit is called a measurable state. In the probe described above, even if it is difficult for the user to bring the main body into a measurable state while the grip is at one rotation angle, by changing the rotation angle of the grip from the one rotation angle, , it becomes easy to bring the main body into a measurable state. Alternatively, even if it is difficult for the user to operate the operation unit by setting the main unit to a measurable state while the grip is at one rotation angle, the rotation angle of the grip is changed from the one rotation angle. By doing so, the operation of the operation unit becomes easier. Thereby, it becomes possible to indicate the measurement point appropriately. As a result, it becomes possible to measure the physical quantity over a wide range of the object to be measured without requiring the user's skill.

(7) The operation section is composed of a plurality of buttons arranged in a predetermined arrangement, and the grip section rotates around the rotation axis so that the plurality of buttons are arranged in the first arrangement relationship with respect to the main body section. It is configured to be able to shift between a certain first arrangement state and a second arrangement state in which the arrangement of the plurality of buttons with respect to the main body has a second arrangement relationship different from the first arrangement relationship. good too.

In general, in a probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device, depending on the relationship between the position and orientation of the main body and the arrangement of the plurality of buttons provided on the probe, the operability of the plurality of buttons is significantly degraded. Sometimes. According to the above configuration, by shifting the grip portion between the first arrangement state and the second arrangement state, the arrangement relationship of the plurality of buttons with respect to the main body portion is changed to the first relationship and the second relationship. You can switch. Therefore, even if the operability of the plurality of buttons deteriorates when the main body is placed in the measurement-ready state, the user can easily adjust the positional relationship of the arrangement of the plurality of buttons with respect to the main body by switching the state of the grip. can be changed to Thereby, it is possible to improve the operability of the plurality of buttons.

(8) The grip may incorporate a battery that supplies power to the plurality of measurement markers. The battery has a relatively large weight among the multiple components that make up the probe. As a result, when the battery is accommodated in the grip, the center of gravity of the probe as a whole is positioned at or near the grip. Thereby, the user can stably operate the probe by gripping the grip portion.

(9) The probe further includes a notification display unit provided in the main body so as to notify the user whether or not the plurality of measurement markers are present within the imaging field of the imaging unit; may be positioned closer to the stylus than the connection portion to which the grip is connected.

In this case, the notification display section is positioned closer to the stylus than the grip section. That is, the notification display portion is located near the contact portion. As a result, the user can point the measurement point by bringing the contact portion into contact with the desired portion of the object to be measured while viewing the notification display portion.

(10) The notification display section includes a first display section and a second display section, and the first display section and the second display section are provided so as to face different directions at different portions of the main body section. may be

In this case, even if it is difficult for the user to visually recognize the first display unit when operating the probe, if the user can visually recognize the second display unit, the plurality of measurement markers are present within the imaging field of the imaging unit. It is possible to easily grasp whether or not to Further, even if it is difficult for the user to visually recognize the second display unit when operating the probe, if the user can visually recognize the first display unit, the plurality of measurement markers are present within the imaging field of the imaging unit. It is possible to easily grasp whether or not Therefore, the operability of the probe is improved when indicating the measurement point.

(11) A three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a probe for the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device, an imaging unit that captures images of a plurality of measurement markers of the probe, and a plurality of measurements captured by the imaging unit. A three-dimensional coordinate measuring device, comprising: a calculating unit that calculates coordinates of a measuring point indicated by the contact unit based on measurement image data representing an image of the marker.

The three-dimensional coordinate measuring device includes the probe described above. Thereby, it is possible to measure the physical quantity over a wide range of the object to be measured without requiring the user's skill.

According to the present invention, physical quantities can be measured over a wide range of objects to be measured without requiring user skill.

1 is a schematic diagram showing one usage example of a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of use of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention; 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an imaging head and a processing device; FIG. 1 is a front view of an imaging head; FIG. It is a rear view of an imaging head. It is a one side view of an imaging head. 4 is a plan view of an imaging head; FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the imaging head showing a state in which the casing is removed; FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the imaging head taken along line AA of FIG. 4; (a) is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the reference member of FIG. 9, and (b) is a bottom view of the reference member. FIG. 4 is a bottom view and a side view of the bottom of the head; 2A and 2B are a plan view and a side view of the head pedestal of FIG. 1; FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of a probe; FIG. FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the probe viewed in one direction; FIG. 11 is an external perspective view of the probe viewed in another direction; FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of the probe in which the grip portion is in the second state, viewed in one direction; FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of the probe in which the grip portion is in the second state, viewed in another direction; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user measures a measurement object using a probe whose grip portion is in the first state; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user measures a measurement target using a probe whose grip portion is in a second state; FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of the probe showing the internal structure of the main body. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the probe for explaining the outline of the internal structure of the main body; 4 is a flow chart showing the flow of measurement processing by the body control circuit of FIG. 3; 4 is a flow chart showing the flow of measurement point coordinate calculation processing. 4 is a flow chart showing the flow of tracking processing by the body control circuit of FIG. 3; FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of a probe according to another embodiment; FIG. 26 is an external perspective view of the probe when the grip portion is rotated 90° from the state of the probe in FIG. 25;

[1] Basic Configuration and Usage Example of Three-Dimensional Coordinate Measuring Device FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one usage example of a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 according to this embodiment is mainly composed of an imaging head 100, a probe 200, a processing device 300 and a holding section 800. As shown in FIG.

The holding portion 800 includes an installation portion 810 , a mounting table 820 and a head base 830 . The installation portion 810 has a flat plate shape extending in one direction, and is installed on an installation surface such as the upper surface of a table. Also, the installation portion 810 is made of aluminum, iron, an alloy thereof, or the like, and has high rigidity. A mounting table 820 is provided at one end of the installation section 810 . The mounting table 820 of this example is an optical surface plate having a substantially rectangular shape, and is connected to the upper surface of the installation section 810 so that the short sides thereof are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the installation section 810 (the direction in which the installation section 810 extends). ing. The length L1 of the long side of the mounting table 820 is, for example, about 450 mm, and the length L2 of the short side of the mounting table 820 is, for example, about 300 mm. The mounting table 820 may have a square shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape. A measuring object S is placed on the placing table 820 .

A head pedestal 830 is provided at the other end of the installation portion 810 . The head pedestal 830 of this example is configured such that a bottom portion (hereinafter referred to as a head bottom portion) 101 of the imaging head 100 can be attached and detached. The imaging head 100 is fixed to the installation section 810 and the mounting table 820 while the head bottom section 101 is mounted on the head base 830 . On the other hand, with the head bottom portion 101 removed from the head base 830, the imaging head 100 is separated from the installation portion 810 and the mounting table 820 as indicated by the white dotted arrow in FIG.

Probe 200 is configured to be portable by a user. The probe 200 is provided with a contact portion 211a. The user brings the contact portion 211a of the probe 200 into contact with a desired portion of the measurement object S in order to indicate the measurement point. As a result, the contact portion 211a designates the measurement point, and the contact portion of the measurement object S with the contact portion 211a is designated as the measurement point.

A movable camera 120 is provided inside the imaging head 100 . A plurality of markers eq (FIG. 14, etc.) provided on the probe 200 and described later are imaged by the movable camera 120 . The imaging head 100 is also connected to the processing device 300 via a cable CA. The processing device 300 is, for example, a personal computer, to which a main body display section 310 and a main body operation section 320 are connected. In the processing device 300, the measurement points on the measurement object S are determined based on image data (hereinafter referred to as measurement image data) obtained by imaging the probe 200 with the movable camera 120 and reference image data described later. Coordinates are calculated. By calculating the coordinates of one or more measurement points on the measurement object S, the physical quantity of the measurement object S is measured based on those calculation results.

When the user moves the probe 200, the orientation of the field of view of the movable camera 120 follows the movement of the probe 200, as indicated by thick solid arrows a1 and a2 in FIG. That is, the orientation of movable camera 120 changes so that probe 200 is positioned within the imaging field of view of movable camera 120 as probe 200 moves. Movable camera 120 according to the present embodiment has a depth of field that covers at least the space above mounting table 820 when the field of view for imaging is directed toward mounting table 820 . Therefore, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 has a wide measurable area including the space above the mounting table 820 . Therefore, the range of positions and postures of the probe 200 required to measure the physical quantity of the measurement object S is expanded.

As described above, according to the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, with the imaging head 100 mounted on the head pedestal 830, the measurement object S mounted on the mounting table 820 Physical quantities can be measured. On the other hand, the convenience of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 will be improved if the physical quantity can be measured even for the measurement object S that is not placed on the placement table 820 . Therefore, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment further includes a reference stand for fixing the imaging head 100 on an installation surface such as a floor surface, in addition to the above configuration. A usage example of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 using a reference stand will be described.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another usage example of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 1 further includes a reference stand 900. As shown in FIG. The reference stand 900 is a tripod and consists of a head base 911 and legs 912 . The head pedestal 911 is provided at the upper end portion of the leg portion 912, and is configured so that the head bottom portion 101 of the imaging head 100 can be attached and detached like the head pedestal 830 of the holding portion 800 in FIG. In this example, the imaging head 100 removed from the holding section 800 in FIG. 1 is mounted on the head base 911 of the reference stand 900 .

According to the reference stand 900 described above, the user U moves the imaging head 100, for example, on the floor so that the measurement object S set on the processing machine 9 is positioned within the depth of field of the movable camera 120. can be fixed on top. The processing machine 9 is, for example, a processing device such as a lathe, a milling machine, or an electric discharge machine. Alternatively, the user U can fix the imaging head 100 on the floor, for example, so that the measurement object S placed on the floor is positioned within the depth of field of the movable camera 120. . Therefore, the user U can measure the physical quantity of the measurement object S that is not mounted on the mounting table 820 of FIG. It can be carried out. Also in this example, when the user U moves while carrying the probe 200, the direction of the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 follows the movement of the probe 200, as in the example of FIG. The configuration of each part of the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 will be described in detail below.

[2] Configurations of Imaging Head 100 and Processing Device 300 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing configurations of the imaging head 100 and processing device 300 . 4 is a front view of the imaging head 100, and FIG. 5 is a rear view of the imaging head 100. FIG. 6 is a side view of the imaging head 100, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the imaging head 100. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the imaging head 100 has a configuration in which a plurality of components are accommodated within a casing 90. As shown in FIG. 8 is an external perspective view of the imaging head 100 with the casing 90 removed, and FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the imaging head 100 taken along line AA in FIG.

(1) Imaging head 100
First, the configuration of the imaging head 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the imaging head 100 includes a reference camera 110, a movable camera 120, a marker drive circuit 130, a rotation drive circuit 140, a head control circuit 150, a wireless communication circuit 160, a communication circuit 170, and a bird's-eye view camera. Includes camera 180 and reference member 190 . These structures are accommodated in the casing 90 shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 while being supported by any one of the fixed connecting portion 20, the support member 30 and the movable member 40 indicated by two-dot chain lines in FIG. .

Each of reference camera 110, movable camera 120, and overhead camera 180 includes a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor capable of detecting infrared rays as an imaging device. Base camera 110, movable camera 120, and overhead camera 180 are provided with substrates 111, 121, and 181 on which CMOS image sensors are mounted, respectively. In FIG. 3, a plurality of circuits (140, 150, 160, 170) surrounded by thick dotted lines are applied to various elements mounted on the substrates 111, 121, 181 of the reference camera 110, the movable camera 120 and the overhead camera 180 during operation. It has a relatively high calorific value. In the following description, one or a plurality of substrates on which the rotation drive circuit 140, head control circuit 150, wireless communication circuit 160 and communication circuit 170 are mounted will be collectively referred to as heat generating substrate GS.

As shown in FIGS. 4-7, the casing 90 is composed of a lower casing 91, an upper casing 92 and a substrate casing 93. As shown in FIGS. The lower casing 91 has a substantially cylindrical shape, is fixed to the head bottom portion 101 of the imaging head 100, and extends upward from the head bottom portion 101 by a certain distance. An upper casing 92 is provided above the lower casing 91 . The upper casing 92 has a substantially bell shape and is rotatable in a horizontal plane together with a support member 30 (FIG. 8), which will be described later.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 4, part of the upper casing 92 is formed with a rectangular opening 92S that extends vertically from the vicinity of the upper end of the upper casing 92 to the central part thereof. Rectangular opening 92S guides the imaging field of view of movable camera 120 to the outside of casing 90 . The upper casing 92 is formed with two air intakes HA1 on both sides of the rectangular opening 92S and near the lower end of the upper casing 92. As shown in FIG.

A bird's-eye view camera window 91W is formed in a part of the outer peripheral surface of the lower casing 91 . The bird's-eye camera window 91W guides the field of view of the bird's-eye camera 180 to the outside of the casing 90 . In the following description, one direction in which the bird's-eye view camera window 91W faces is referred to as the front of the imaging head 100 . Further, the direction opposite to the above one direction with respect to the imaging head 100 is referred to as the rear of the imaging head 100 . In addition to the bird's-eye view camera window 91W, two intake sections LA1 are formed near the front portion and the lower end portion of the lower casing 91 .

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a substrate casing 93 is connected to a rearward portion of the outer peripheral surface of the lower casing 91 (the latter half portion). The substrate casing 93 includes a first accommodation portion 93a and a second accommodation portion 93b. The first accommodating portion 93 a has a box shape extending from the rear half of the lower casing 91 to the rear of the imaging head 100 . The second housing portion 93b is formed to protrude upward from a portion of the upper surface of the first housing portion 93a.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the substrate casing 93, the internal space of the first accommodating portion 93a and the internal space of the second accommodating portion 93b communicate with each other. In addition, the internal space of the first accommodating portion 93a and the internal space of the lower casing 91 communicate with each other. On the other hand, the internal space of the lower casing 91 and the internal space of the upper casing 92 are partitioned by the upper fixed plate 22 described later, so they do not communicate with each other.

As indicated by thick dotted lines or solid lines in FIGS. 5, 6 and 9, the heat-generating substrate GS is accommodated inside the substrate casing 93 from the lower portion of the first accommodating portion 93a to the upper portion of the second accommodating portion 93b. be. On the other hand, a plurality of substrates (substrates 111, 121, 181, etc.) having lower heat generating properties than the heat generating substrate GS are accommodated in the lower casing 91 or the upper casing 92. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, an exhaust portion LA2 is formed in the lower portion of the rear end of the first accommodating portion 93a of the substrate casing 93. As shown in FIG. An exhaust fan LF is provided inside the first housing portion 93a so as to be adjacent to the exhaust portion LA2. The exhaust fan LF exhausts the atmosphere inside the lower casing 91 and the substrate casing 93 to the outside of the imaging head 100 through the exhaust part LA2. At this time, the air outside the imaging head 100 flows into the lower casing 91 from the two air intakes LA1 in FIG. As a result, a smooth air flow is generated from the front of the imaging head 100 toward the rear of the imaging head 100 through the internal spaces of the lower casing 91 and the substrate casing 93, as indicated by a plurality of outline arrows f1 in FIG. In this case, the heat-generating substrate GS accommodated in the substrate casing 93 is located downstream of the lower casing 91 in the flow of air inside the lower casing 91 and the substrate casing 93 . This reduces the entry of heat generated by the heat-generating substrate GS into the internal space of the lower casing 91 . Furthermore, since the heat generated by the heat generating substrate GS does not stay in the inner space of the lower casing 91, the heat generated by the heat generating substrate GS is suppressed from being transmitted to the inner space of the upper casing 92 through the inner space of the lower casing 91. be.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the upper part of the upper casing 92, an exhaust part HA2 is formed on the opposite side of the rectangular opening 92S with respect to the center of the upper casing 92 in plan view. An exhaust fan HF is provided inside the upper casing 92 so as to be adjacent to the exhaust section HA2. The exhaust fan HF exhausts the atmosphere inside the lower casing 91 to the outside of the imaging head 100 through the exhaust part HA2. At this time, the air outside the imaging head 100 flows into the upper casing 92 from the two air intakes HA1 in FIG. As a result, as indicated by a plurality of white arrows f2 in FIG. 6, air flows smoothly from the two air intakes HA1 of the lower casing 91, through the internal space of the upper casing 92, and obliquely upward from the lower part of the upper casing 92. Occur. In this case, heat generated in the substrate 43 on which the movable camera 120 or the marker drive circuit 130 is mounted, which is housed in the upper casing 92 as will be described later, smoothly flows upward in the lower casing 91. , is discharged to the outside of the lower casing 91 .

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , the fixed joint 20 includes a lower fixed plate 21 , an upper fixed plate 22 , a plurality of (eg, four) struts 23 and a hollow support shaft 24 . The lower fixing plate 21 has a disk shape and is fixed on the upper surface of the head bottom portion 101 using screws. An upper fixing plate 22 is provided above the lower fixing plate 21 via a plurality of struts 23 . The upper fixed plate 22 has a disc shape like the lower fixed plate 21 . A circular opening is formed in the central portion of the upper fixing plate 22 . A hollow support shaft 24 is fixed on the upper surface of the upper fixing plate 22 using screws so as to surround the central opening of the upper fixing plate 22 . The lower casing 91 is attached to any member that constitutes the fixed connection portion 20 .

In the fixed connecting portion 20, a bird's-eye view camera 180 is provided in the space between the lower fixing plate 21 and the upper fixing plate 22 together with various substrates (substrates with lower heat generation than the heat generating substrate GS) except for the heat generating substrate GS. ing. 9, a reference camera 110 is provided on the lower fixing plate 21 so as to extend from substantially the center of the lower casing 91 through the opening of the upper fixing plate 22 to the inside of the hollow support shaft 24. As shown in FIG. In this state, the imaging field of view of the reference camera 110 faces upward. In this embodiment, the optical axis 110 c of the optical system of the reference camera 110 coincides with the central axis of the hollow support shaft 24 .

On the lower fixing plate 21 and on the upper fixing plate 22, in addition to the various substrates and the reference camera 110 described above, a support member 30, which will be described later, is rotated around the central axis of the hollow support shaft 24 (for the head bottom portion 101). A horizontal rotation mechanism 141 is provided for rotating in a plane parallel to the top surface. The horizontal rotation mechanism 141 includes, for example, a motor and various power transmission members.

As shown in FIG. 8 , a support member 30 is provided on the hollow support shaft 24 of the fixed connecting portion 20 . The support member 30 includes a rotating base 31 and a pair of support frames 32,33. The rotating pedestal 31 has an opening in the center, and supports the hollow support shaft 24 via a cross roller bearing CB (FIG. 9) so that the support member 30 can rotate around the central axis of the hollow support shaft 24. attached to the top end. The upper casing 92 is attached to one of the members that constitute the support member 30 . When the support member 30 rotates with respect to the hollow support shaft 24, the upper casing 92 rotates together with the support member 30 relative to the lower casing 91 (see the thick dashed-dotted line arrow in FIG. 7).

A pair of support frames 32 and 33 are formed to extend upward from one side and the other side of the rotary base 31 while facing each other. A movable member 40 is provided between the pair of support frames 32 and 33 at a position spaced apart from the rotary pedestal 31 by a predetermined distance.

The movable member 40 is supported by the support frames 32 and 33 so as to be rotatable (tiltable with respect to the horizontal plane) around a rotation axis 30c passing through the mutually facing portions of the pair of support frames 32 and 33. . In this embodiment, the rotation axis 30c is orthogonal to the optical axis 110c of the reference camera 110 (FIG. 9) and the center axis of the hollow support shaft .

Near the upper end of the support frame 33, a tilt rotation mechanism 143 is attached to a portion located on the rotation shaft 30c on the side opposite to the movable member 40. As shown in FIG. The tilt rotation mechanism 143 includes, for example, a motor and various power transmission members. The tilt rotation mechanism 143 rotates the movable member 40 around the rotation shaft 30c.

The movable member 40 is formed in a substantially square flat tubular shape and has an upper surface 41 and a lower surface 42 . A movable camera 120 and various substrates accompanying the movable camera 120 are fixed on the movable member 40 . In this state, the optical axis 120 c ( FIG. 9 ) of the optical system of the movable camera 120 is parallel to the upper surface 41 of the movable member 40 . A board 43 on which the marker driving circuit 130 of FIG. 3 is mounted is provided at the upper end of the movable member 40 so as to block the opening at the center thereof.

As shown in FIG. 9, inside the movable member 40 is provided a reference member 190 having a plurality of markers ep (FIG. 3). 10(a) is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the reference member 190 of FIG. 9, and FIG. 10(b) is a bottom view of the reference member 190. FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b), the reference member 190 includes a light emitting substrate 191, a diffusion plate 192, a glass plate 193 and a diffuse reflection sheet 195. FIG. The light emitting substrate 191, the diffusion plate 192 and the glass plate 193 are laminated in this order from top to bottom. A diffuse reflection sheet 195 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the laminate.

A plurality of light emitting elements L are mounted over the entire lower surface of the light emitting substrate 191 . Each light emitting element L is, for example, an infrared LED (light emitting diode). A marker driving circuit 130 drives a plurality of light emitting elements L on the light emitting substrate 191 . Thereby, the plurality of light emitting elements L emit light.

The diffusion plate 192 is a plate member made of resin, for example, and diffuses the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements L while transmitting the light downward. The diffuse reflection sheet 195 is a strip-shaped sheet member made of resin, for example, and diffuses the light directed toward the side (outside) of the reference member 190 from the plurality of light emitting elements L while reflecting the light inward.

The glass plate 193 is a plate member made of, for example, quartz glass or soda glass. A mask 194 having a plurality of circular openings is provided on the lower surface of the glass plate 193 . The mask 194 is, for example, a chromium mask formed on the lower surface of the glass plate 193 by sputtering or vapor deposition.

With the above configuration, the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements L and diffused by the diffusion plate 192 and the diffuse reflection sheet 195 is emitted below the reference member 190 through the plurality of circular openings of the glass plate 193 and the mask 194. . In this manner, a plurality of self-luminous markers ep corresponding to the plurality of circular openings are formed.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10B, the plurality of markers ep are arranged in a matrix on the lower surface (plane) of the reference member 190 at regular intervals. Among the plurality of markers ep, the central marker ep and one marker ep separated from the central marker ep by a predetermined distance have an identification mark (in this example, a dot) for distinguishing from the other markers ep. is attached. These identification marks are formed by portions of mask 194 . In the following description, when distinguishing two markers ep with identification marks from a plurality of markers ep, the central marker ep including the identification marks is called a first marker ep1. Also, the other marker ep including the identification mark is called a second marker ep2.

In the above configuration, the reference member 190 is attached to the movable member 40 so that the downward facing markers ep are positioned within the imaging field of view of the reference camera 110 . Further, the reference member 190 is arranged so that when the upper surface 41 and the lower surface 42 of the movable member 40 are perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis 110c of the reference camera 110, the first marker ep1 is positioned on the optical axis 110c. It is attached to the movable member 40 .

When the support member 30 rotates on the fixed connection part 20 and when the movable member 40 rotates around the rotation axis 30c, the reference camera 110 captures the reference member 190 to obtain a plurality of markers ep. Image changes. Therefore, for example, assume that the image obtained when the support member 30 and the movable member 40 are in a predetermined reference posture changes. In this case, based on the positional relationship between the first marker ep1 and the second marker ep2 in the image, it is possible to determine how much the support member 30 has rotated from the reference posture. Further, it is possible to obtain how much the movable member 40 has rotated from the reference posture based on the distortion that occurs in the arrangement of the plurality of markers ep in the image.

As described above, the movable camera 120 and the reference member 190 are integrally fixed to the movable member 40 . Accordingly, the position and orientation of movable camera 120 with respect to base camera 110 are determined based on image data (hereinafter referred to as base image data) obtained by imaging a plurality of markers ep of reference member 190 with base camera 110. It is possible to calculate

Between the movable member 40 and the rotating base 31, an imaging space rs (FIG. 9) including the imaging field of the reference camera 110 from the reference camera 110 to the reference member 190 is optically and spatially visible from the outside of the imaging space rs. A bellows 50 is provided to block the flow.

The upper end of the bellows 50 of this example is joined to the lower surface 42 of the movable member 40 , and the lower end of the bellows 50 is joined to the upper surface of the rotating base 31 . Accordingly, when the support member 30 rotates in the horizontal plane, the bellows 50 also rotates together with the support member 30 .

Further, the bellows 50 of this example has a substantially square cylindrical shape, and when the movable member 40 is rotated by the tilt rotation mechanism 143, the bellows 50 is deformed to follow the rotation, thereby optically and spatially isolating the imaging space rs. It is configured to be able to maintain a state. Furthermore, the bellows 50 is provided so that it does not interfere with the imaging field of view of the reference camera 110 when deformed following the rotation of the movable member 40 .

Such a configuration prevents light from entering the imaging space rs from outside the imaging space rs. Further, even when the motor or the like generates heat around the imaging space rs, the generated heat is prevented from entering the imaging space rs. This prevents the atmosphere of the imaging space rs from fluctuating. Therefore, since a plurality of markers ep are captured with high accuracy, the position and orientation of movable camera 120 with respect to reference camera 110 can be calculated with high accuracy. Further, according to the above configuration, the atmosphere in the internal space of the bellows 50 is stabilized by spatially isolating the internal space of the bellows 50 from the external space.

In the imaging head 100, as shown in FIG. 8, the center of gravity of the portion provided between the pair of support frames 32 and 33 (mainly including the movable member 40 and the movable camera 120) is positioned on the rotation axis 30c. is desirable. This stabilizes the rotation of the movable member 40 around the rotation shaft 30c. In addition, in the imaging head 100, the center of gravity of the portion that rotates with respect to the fixed connecting portion 20 (mainly including the support member 30, the movable member 40, and the movable camera 120) is located on the optical axis 110c of the reference camera 110. is desirable. This stabilizes the rotation of the support member 30 about the optical axis 110c. Moreover, the driving force required to rotate the support member 30 and the movable member 40 can be reduced. As a result, the load on the drive unit such as the motor is reduced. In this example, weights Wa and Wb are attached to a pair of support frames 32 and 33 of the support member 30 for adjusting the center of gravity position of the portion that rotates with respect to the fixed connecting portion 20 .

The bird's-eye view camera 180 provided on the fixed connection portion 20 is provided on the fixed connection portion 20 so that its imaging field of view faces the front of the imaging head 100 . The angle of view of overhead camera 180 is larger than the angles of view of reference camera 110 and movable camera 120 . Therefore, the imaging field of view of overhead camera 180 is larger than the imaging fields of reference camera 110 and movable camera 120 .

In the tracking process described later, the overhead camera 180 is used to image the probe 200 over a wide range. In this case, for example, even if the probe 200 is moved and the probe 200 is out of the imaging field of the movable camera 120, the probe 200 is imaged by the bird's-eye camera 180, resulting in image data obtained by imaging (hereinafter referred to as bird's-eye image). data) can be used to identify the rough position of the probe 200 . Based on the specified position, the position and orientation of movable camera 120 are adjusted so that probe 200 is positioned within the imaging field of view of movable camera 120 .

Also, in this example, the substrate casing 93 is connected to the lower casing 91 so as to be out of the imaging field of view of the overhead camera 180 . This prevents the board casing 93 from limiting the range that can be captured by the bird's-eye view camera 180 .

11 is a bottom view and a side view of the head bottom portion 101, and FIG. 12 is a top view and a side view of the head seat 830 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the head bottom portion 101 has an annular bottom surface 102 and an annular inclined surface 103 having an annular shape. The annular inclined surface 103 is inclined upward by a certain distance from the inner edge of the annular bottom surface 102 toward the inner side thereof. An opening 104 is formed inside the annular inclined surface 103 . A vertical hole 105 opening downward is formed in a predetermined portion of the annular bottom surface 102 .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, the head seat 830 has an annular supporting surface 831 and an annular inclined surface 832 having an annular shape. The annular support surface 831 has the same shape as the annular bottom surface 102 of the head bottom portion 101 and is configured to be slidable relative to the annular bottom surface 102 . The annular inclined surface 832 corresponds to the annular inclined surface 103 of the head bottom portion 101 and is inclined upward by a certain distance from the inner edge of the annular inclined surface 832 toward the inner side thereof. Furthermore, the annular inclined surface 832 is configured to be slidable with respect to the annular inclined surface 103 .

With such a configuration, the head bottom part 101 is placed on the head base 830 when the head bottom part 101 is mounted on the head base 830 . In this state, the annular bottom surface 102 and the annular inclined surface 103 of the head bottom portion 101 and the annular support surface 831 and the annular inclined surface 832 of the head base 830 come into contact with each other. Next, the user rotates the orientation of the head bottom portion 101 by sliding the head bottom portion 101 on the head base 830 in the circumferential direction.

A vertical hole 833 that opens upward is formed in the annular support surface 831 of the head base 830 . Vertical hole 833 corresponds to vertical hole 105 of head bottom portion 101 and overlaps when head bottom portion 101 and head base 830 are in a predetermined positional relationship. Therefore, an extendable pin member (not shown) is inserted into one of the two vertical holes 105 and 833, for example. In this case, by rotating the head bottom portion 101 on the head base 830, the pin members are inserted into the two vertical holes 105 and 833 when the head bottom portion 101 and the head base 830 are in a predetermined positional relationship. be Thereby, the head bottom portion 101 and the head base 830 are fixed in a predetermined positional relationship. This completes the attachment of the head bottom portion 101 to the head base 830 .

The head seat 911 of the reference stand 900 of FIG. 2 has an annular support surface 831 and an annular inclined surface 832, similar to the head seat 830 described above. Accordingly, the head bottom portion 101 of the imaging head 100 can be mounted on the head pedestal 911 in the same manner as the example of the head pedestal 830 .

The center of gravity of the imaging head 100 as a whole is desirably located in a region inside the outer edge of the head bottom portion 101 in plan view. In FIG. 7, the outer edge of the head bottom portion 101 when the imaging head 100 is viewed from above is indicated by a thick two-dot chain line. When the center of gravity of the entire imaging head 100 is positioned inside the outer edge of the head bottom portion 101 in plan view, the imaging head 100 is stably supported in a state where the imaging head 100 is mounted on the head pedestals 830 and 911. do.

As shown in FIG. 3 , reference camera 110 , movable camera 120 , marker drive circuit 130 , rotation drive circuit 140 , wireless communication circuit 160 and communication circuit 170 are connected to head control circuit 150 . Head control circuit 150 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and memory or a microcomputer, and controls reference camera 110 , movable camera 120 , marker drive circuit 130 , rotation drive circuit 140 and overhead camera 180 .

As described above, each of reference camera 110, movable camera 120, and overhead camera 180 includes a CMOS image sensor capable of detecting infrared rays. Each of reference camera 110, movable camera 120, and overhead camera 180 includes a plurality of lenses (optical systems) not shown. Each pixel of the reference camera 110 , the movable camera 120 , and the overhead camera 180 outputs an analog electric signal (hereinafter referred to as a light reception signal) corresponding to the detected amount to the head control circuit 150 .

The head control circuit 150 includes an A/D converter (analog/digital converter) and FIFO (First In First Out) memory (not shown). The received light signals output from the reference camera 110, the movable camera 120, and the bird's-eye view camera 180 are sampled by the A/D converter of the head control circuit 150 at regular sampling intervals and converted into digital signals. Digital signals output from the A/D converter are sequentially stored in a FIFO memory. The digital signals accumulated in the FIFO memory are sequentially transferred to the processing device 300 as pixel data.

The marker driving circuit 130 drives the light emitting substrate 191 shown in FIG. 10A under the control of the head control circuit 150 . Thereby, the plurality of light emitting elements L on the light emitting substrate 191 emit light, and the plurality of markers ep of the reference member 190 emit light. Note that this light emission timing and the imaging timing of the reference camera 110 are synchronized.

The rotation drive circuit 140 drives the horizontal rotation mechanism 141 shown in FIG. 8 under the control of the head control circuit 150 . This causes the support member 30 of FIG. 8 to rotate on the fixed connection 20 and the movable member 40 and upper casing 92 (FIG. 4) to rotate. At this time, as the support member 30 rotates, the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 guided from the inside of the upper casing 92 to the outside through the rectangular opening 92S (FIG. 4) changes to the head pedestal 830 in FIG. 1 or the head in FIG. It rotates horizontally on the pedestal 911 .

The rotation drive circuit 140 also drives the tilt rotation mechanism 143 shown in FIG. 8 under the control of the head control circuit 150 . As a result, the movable member 40 in FIG. 8 rotates between the pair of support frames 32 and 33 around the rotating shaft 30c. At this time, the imaging field of view of movable camera 120 passing through rectangular opening 92S (FIG. 4) rotates vertically along rectangular opening 92S on head base 830 in FIG. 1 or head base 911 in FIG. Rotation of the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 by the rotation drive circuit 140 is performed based on tracking processing in the processing device 300, which will be described later.

The head control circuit 150 wirelessly communicates with the probe 200 via the wireless communication circuit 160 . The head control circuit 150 also performs wired communication with the processing device 300 via the communication circuit 170 and cable CA (FIGS. 1 and 2).

(2) Processing device 300
As shown in FIG. 3 , the processing device 300 includes a communication circuit 301 , a body control circuit 302 and a body memory 303 . Communication circuit 301 and body memory 303 are connected to body control circuit 302 . A main body operation section 320 and a main body display section 310 are connected to the main body control circuit 302 .

The main body memory 303 includes a ROM (read only memory), a RAM (random access memory) and a hard disk. The main body memory 303 stores a system program as well as a measurement processing program and a tracking processing program, which will be described later. The body memory 303 is also used for processing various data and storing various data such as pixel data given from the imaging head 100 .

The body control circuit 302 includes a CPU. In this embodiment, main body control circuit 302 and main body memory 303 are realized by a personal computer. The body control circuit 302 generates image data based on pixel data supplied from the imaging head 100 via the cable CA (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the communication circuit 301. FIG. Image data is a set of multiple pixel data.

In the present embodiment, reference image data, measurement image data, and bird's-eye view image data corresponding to each of the reference camera 110, the movable camera 120, and the bird's-eye view camera 180 provided in the imaging head 100 are generated. Also, image data corresponding to a probe camera 208 (described later) provided on the probe 200 is generated. Main body control circuit 302 calculates the position of contact portion 211a (FIGS. 1 and 2) of probe 200 based on the reference image data and the measurement image data.

The body display unit 310 is configured by, for example, a liquid crystal display panel or an organic EL (electroluminescence) panel. The body display section 310 displays the coordinates of the measurement points on the measurement object S, the measurement results of each part of the measurement object S, and the like based on the control by the body control circuit 302 . In addition, the main body display unit 310 displays a setting screen for performing various settings related to measurement.

Body operation unit 320 includes a keyboard and a pointing device. Pointing devices include mice, joysticks, and the like. The main body operation unit 320 is operated by the user U. As shown in FIG.

[3] Configuration of probe 200 (1) Basic configuration of probe 200 FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of the probe 200. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the probe 200 includes a probe control unit 201, an indicator light 202, a battery 203, a marker drive circuit 204, a probe memory 205, a wireless communication circuit 206, a motion sensor 207, a probe camera 208, It includes a probe manipulator 221 and a plurality (three in this example) of target members 290 .

13, the probe 200 has a holding portion 210, a probe casing 220, and a grip portion 230 as structures for accommodating, supporting, or holding the components described above. The retainer 210 retains a plurality of target members 290 . Further, a stylus 211 as a pointing section is connected to the holding section 210 . The stylus 211 is attached to the holding portion 210 in a predetermined positional relationship with respect to the plurality of target members 290 . The stylus 211 is a rod-shaped member having the contact portion 211a at its tip. In the present embodiment, stylus 211 having contact portion 211a that contacts the measurement point is provided as an indication portion that indicates the measurement point, but the configuration may be such that the measurement point is indicated without contact. For example, the configuration may be such that the distance between the probe 200 and the measurement object S is calculated by interference measurement of laser light emitted to the measurement point. The probe casing 220 houses most of the holding part 210 and also houses the probe control part 201 , the indicator light 202 , the marker drive circuit 204 , the probe memory 205 , the wireless communication circuit 206 and the motion sensor 207 . Grip portion 230 incorporates battery 203 . The grasping portion 230 is further provided with a probe operating portion 221 . The probe operation unit 221 receives an operation input related to measurement by the user U. FIG. The probe operation section 221 includes a trigger switch and a plurality of push buttons. Details of the probe operation unit 221 will be described later.

The battery 203 is a chargeable/dischargeable storage battery that supplies power to other components provided in the probe 200 . More specifically, battery 203 powers at least target member 290 . A probe control unit 201 includes a CPU and memory or a microcomputer, and controls indicator lamps 202 , marker drive circuit 204 and probe camera 208 . Further, the probe control unit 201 performs various processes in response to the operation of the probe operation unit 221 by the user U.

The indicator light 202 includes, for example, one or a plurality of LEDs, and is provided such that its light emitting portion is exposed to the outside of the probe casing 220 . The indicator lamp 202 performs a light emitting operation according to the state of the probe 200 under the control of the probe control section 201 .

Each of the three target members 290 has essentially the same configuration as the reference member 190 of FIGS. 10(a) and (b). The marker drive circuit 204 is connected to multiple target members 290 and drives multiple light emitting elements included in each target member 290 based on the control of the probe control section 201 .

The probe memory 205 includes a recording medium such as non-volatile memory or hard disk. Probe memory 205 is used to process or store various data. The motion sensor 207 includes a 3-axis acceleration sensor and a 3-axis gyro sensor, and detects the motion of the probe 200 when the user U carries the probe 200 and moves. Specifically, the motion sensor 207 detects the moving direction, acceleration, attitude, etc. of the probe 200 when the probe 200 moves. The probe camera 208 is, for example, a CCD (charge coupled device) camera.

The probe control unit 201 is mounted with an A/D converter and a FIFO memory (not shown) in addition to the above CPU and memory or microcomputer. Accordingly, in the probe control unit 201, the signal indicating the movement of the probe 200 detected by the motion sensor 207 is converted into digital signal format data (hereinafter referred to as movement data). The probe control unit 201 wirelessly transmits digital motion data to the imaging head 100 in FIG. 3 through the wireless communication circuit 206 . In this case, motion data is also transferred from the imaging head 100 to the processing device 300 .

Further, in the probe control unit 201, the received light signal output from each pixel of the probe camera 208 is converted into a plurality of pixel data in digital signal format. The probe control unit 201 wirelessly transmits digital motion data and a plurality of pixel data to the imaging head 100 in FIG. 3 through the wireless communication circuit 206 . In this case, the pixel data are further transferred from the imaging head 100 to the processing device 300 .

(2) External Structure of Probe 200 FIG. 14 is an external perspective view of the probe 200 viewed in one direction, and FIG. 15 is an external perspective view of the probe 200 viewed in another direction. In the following description, a structure composed of a plurality of components housed in the probe casing 220 of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 , main body portion 250 is formed to extend in one direction, and includes front end portion 251 , rear end portion 252 , top surface portion 253 , bottom surface portion 254 , one side surface portion 255 and other side surface portion 256 . have In the following description, in the probe 200, the direction parallel to the direction in which the front end portion 251 and the rear end portion 252 of the body portion 250 are arranged is referred to as a first direction dr1.

The front end portion 251 is provided with a plurality of attachment portions to which the stylus 211 can be attached. The plurality of mounting portions are configured to face in different directions. The user U can attach the stylus 211 to a desired one attachment portion among the plurality of attachment portions. As a result, the stylus 211 is attached to the front end portion 251 in one of a plurality of orientations corresponding to the plurality of attachment portions. In the examples of FIGS. 14 and 15, the stylus 211 is attached to the front end portion 251 so as to extend in the first direction dr1. A probe camera 208 is further provided at the front end portion 251 .

As shown in FIG. 14, three target members 290 and a wireless communication circuit 206 are provided in this order on the upper surface portion 253 of the body portion 250 so as to be aligned from the front end portion 251 to the rear end portion 252 . Of the three target members 290 in this example, the target member 290 closest to the front end 251 has three markers eq. Each of the remaining two target members 290 has two markers eq. All the marker faces of the target member 290 on which the markers eq are provided are provided on the upper surface portion 253 of the body portion 250 and face the same direction. Each marker eq is a self-luminous marker that emits infrared light. The light emission timing of these markers eq and the imaging timing of the movable camera 120 of the imaging head 100 are synchronized.

As shown in FIG. 15 , a connecting portion 254 j for connecting the grip portion 230 is formed in a portion of the bottom surface portion 254 of the main body portion 250 that is slightly closer to the front end portion 251 than the rear end portion 252 . In the body portion 250, the top surface portion 253 provided with the marker eq and the bottom surface portion 254 provided with the connection portion 254j are located on opposite sides. Therefore, a connecting portion 254j is provided on the side opposite to the marker surface on which the marker eq is provided. The grip part 230 has a rod shape that can be gripped by the user U with one hand. The user U holds the holding portion 230 when carrying the probe 200 . The gripping posture of the gripping portion 230 is defined by, for example, a user's manual based on ease of handling when the user U carries the probe 200 . As shown in FIG. 14, the grip portion 230 of the present embodiment has a shape in which the stylus 211 side is recessed, and it is assumed that the user U puts his/her fingers in the recess to grip. Therefore, it can be said that the gripping posture when the user U grips the gripping portion 230 is also defined by the shape of the gripping portion 230 . One end of the grip portion 230 is connected to the connecting portion 254j via a hinge 254h (FIG. 20), which will be described later. In this state, the grip portion 230 is rotatable around the rotation axis RA passing through the connection portion 254j and parallel to the first direction dr1. Since the rotation axis RA is along the marker plane on which the marker eq is provided, the rotation of the gripping part 230 around the rotation axis RA changes the position of the user U who grips the gripping part 230 according to the gripping posture with respect to the marker plane. is changed. By being connected to the connection portion 254j, the grip portion 230 is rotatable around the rotation axis RA as a predetermined rotation axis because the rotation axis RA of rotation with respect to the main body portion 250 is defined.

In the example of FIGS. 14 and 15, the grip portion 230 extends from the connecting portion 254j in the second direction dr2 intersecting the first direction dr1. An operation surface 221a is provided as part of the probe operation section 221 in FIG. The operation surface 221a includes a plurality (four in this example) of push buttons 221b, and is configured such that a user holding the grip portion 230 can operate the plurality of push buttons 221b with, for example, his/her thumb. A trigger switch 221c is provided as part of the probe operating section 221 in FIG. A user holding the holding portion 230 can operate the trigger switch 221c with, for example, the index finger. Thus, the grip portion 230 is provided with the push button 221b and the trigger switch 221c of the operation surface 221a based on the supposed gripping posture of the user U. In other words, the gripping posture when the user U grips the gripping portion 230 is also defined by the placement of the probe operating portion 221 .

A connector for charging the battery 203 is provided at the other end of the grip portion 230 . When charging the battery 203 , a power cable EC is connected to the connector of the grip portion 230 from the outside of the probe 200 . When charging of the battery 203 is completed, the power cable EC is pulled out from the connector of the grip portion 230 . Note that the power cable EC may be a cable that enables communication between the probe 200 and the processing device 300 . Further, a connector may be provided separately from the connector to which the power cable EC is connected, and a cable enabling communication between the probe 200 and the processing device 300 may be connected to the connector. For example, a USB connector may be provided separately from the connector to which the power cable EC is connected. Thus, even when a connector is provided separately from the connector to which the power cable EC is connected, it is preferably provided on the grip portion 230 . When the user U carries the probe 200, the cable is positioned close to the user U, so the cable does not easily interfere with the imaging of the marker eq.

A hinge 254h (FIG. 20) used to connect the connecting portion 254j and the grip portion 230 has a so-called click mechanism. Accordingly, when the rotation angle of gripping portion 230 about rotation axis RA is at one of a plurality of predetermined rotation angles, hinge 254h has a holding force for holding gripping portion 230 at that rotation angle. Occur. Therefore, when the rotation angle of the grip part 230 about the rotation axis RA is one of a plurality of predetermined rotation angles, the user U can stably measure the measurement object S while gripping the grip part 230. It can be carried out. In the present embodiment, hinge 254h has a click mechanism, but gripping portion 230 may be held at rotation angles other than a plurality of predetermined rotation angles. Accordingly, the user U can carry the probe 200 with the grip portion 230 rotated so that the grip portion 230 is held at a suitable position within the rotation angle range of the grip portion 230 .

In the present embodiment, a first rotation angle and a second rotation angle are set as part of a plurality of predetermined rotation angles. In this case, the gripping portion 230 can shift between a first state in which the rotation angle of the gripping portion 230 is the first rotation angle and a second state in which the rotation angle of the gripping portion 230 is the second rotation angle. is. The state of the grip portion 230 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is referred to as a first state. In the present embodiment, the rotation angle indicates the rotation position of gripper 230 with respect to an arbitrary reference rotation position around rotation axis RA. That is, the state in which the rotation angle of gripping portion 230 is at the first rotation angle indicates a state in which gripping portion 230 has rotated by the first angle with respect to an arbitrary reference rotation position.

16 is an external perspective view of the probe 200 with the grip portion 230 in the second state viewed in one direction, and FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the probe 200 with the grip portion 230 in the second state viewed in the other direction. 1 is an external perspective view. FIG. The rotation angle (second rotation angle) of gripping portion 230 shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is approximately 90° with respect to the rotation angle (first rotation angle) of gripping portion 230 shown in FIGS. different. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the grip portion 230 in the second state extends from the connecting portion 254j (FIGS. 14 and 15) in a third direction dr3 different from the second direction dr2.

In the present embodiment, as part of the plurality of predetermined rotation angles, in addition to the above-described first and second rotation angles, a third rotation angle that differs from the first rotation angle by about -90° A rotation angle is also set. In this case, by setting the rotation angle of gripping portion 230 to the third rotation angle, gripping portion 230 can be brought into a third state different from the first and second states.

In the state shown in FIG. 15, the plurality of push buttons 221b are positioned near the main body 250 in the second direction dr2, and positioned far from the main body 250 in the second direction dr2. The arrangement relationship is such that a substantially triangular push button 221b having a side substantially parallel to the long side of the substantially rectangular push button 221b is positioned in the position. On the other hand, in the state shown in FIG. 17, the plurality of push buttons 221b are substantially rectangular push buttons 221b at positions near the main body 250 in the second direction dr2 and the short sides of the substantially rectangular push buttons 221b. The arrangement relationship is such that a substantially triangular push button 221b having sides substantially parallel to . Therefore, the arrangement relationship of the plurality of push buttons 221b with respect to the body portion 250 changes before and after the grip portion 230 rotates from the first rotation angle shown in FIG. 15 to the second rotation angle shown in FIG.

In addition, although a plurality of push buttons 221b are provided on the operation surface 221a of the probe operation unit 221 in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. The operation surface 221a may be provided with a display screen capable of displaying a plurality of graphical interfaces and accepting user's operations on the graphical user interfaces. In this case, multiple graphical user interfaces displayed on the display screen correspond to multiple push buttons. Also in this configuration, if the arrangement relationship of the plurality of graphical user interfaces with respect to the operation surface 221a is the same before and after the rotation of the grip portion 230, the plurality of graphical user interfaces with respect to the main body portion 250 can be displayed before and after the rotation of the grip portion 230. Sequence relation changes.

The user U holds the holding part 230 so that the upper surface part 253 of the main body part 250 faces the imaging head 100 . Then, the user U operates the probe operating section 221 while bringing the contact section 211a into contact with a desired portion of the object S to be measured.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the user U measures the measurement object S using the probe 200 with the grip portion 230 in the first state, and FIG. 19 is a state in which the grip portion 230 is in the second state. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user U measures a measurement object S using a probe 200; As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the second direction dr2 along which the grip portion 230 extends in the first state is a direction that crosses the upper surface portion 253 of the body portion 250 on which the marker surface is provided. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, when the user U grips the grip portion 230 at the first rotation angle in accordance with the specified gripping posture, the user U can move the movable camera 120 in the direction facing the user U. can face multiple marker faces. Further, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the third direction dr3 along which the grip portion 230 extends at a second rotation angle different from the first rotation angle is the top surface of the body portion 250 on which the marker surface is provided. It is a direction along the portion 253 and a direction crossing the first direction dr1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, when the user U grips the grip portion 230 at the second rotation angle in accordance with the specified grip posture, the user U can move the movable camera 120 positioned to the side of the user U. , can face multiple marker faces. Therefore, when the user U grips the grip part 230 in accordance with the specified gripping posture, the direction in which the marker surface faces in the first state and the direction in which the marker surface faces in the second state are viewed from the user U. direction is different. As described above, even when the user U grips the gripping portion 230 according to the specified gripping posture, the gripping portion 230 is in the first state and the gripping portion 230 is in the second state. , the multiple markers eq are arranged in different directions. Therefore, by switching the grip portion 230 between the first state and the second state, the user U can turn the upper surface portion 253 of the main body portion 250 toward the imaging head 100 having the movable camera 120 . , the measurement object S, and the relative position and orientation with respect to the imaging head 100 having the movable camera 120 can be changed.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, one side surface portion 255 of main body portion 250 has indicator lamp 202 in FIG. A first display unit 202a is provided. Further, on the other side surface portion 256 of the main body portion 250, a second display portion 202b constituting the indicator lamp 202 of FIG. 13 is provided between the front end portion 251 and the connection portion 254j in the first direction dr1. It is

Each of the first display portion 202a and the second display portion 202b includes a plurality of green LEDs and a plurality of red LEDs. When a plurality of markers eq provided on the upper surface portion 253 of the probe 200 are present within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 (FIG. 3), the first display portion 202a and the second display portion 202b emit green light. do. On the other hand, when a plurality of markers eq do not exist within the imaging field of view of movable camera 120, first display unit 202a and second display unit 202b emit red light.

In main body portion 250 , first display portion 202 a and second display portion 202 b are positioned between grip portion 230 and stylus 211 . Accordingly, the user U can point the measurement point by bringing the contact portion 211a into contact with a desired portion of the measurement object S while viewing the first display portion 202a and the second display portion 202b. .

Further, the one side surface portion 255 provided with the first display portion 202a and the other side surface portion 256 provided with the second display portion 202b are surfaces of the body portion 250 facing in opposite directions. Since the direction in which the first display unit 202a faces differs from the direction in which the second display unit 202b faces, the angle ranges in which the user U can visually recognize these display units differ. Therefore, even if it is difficult for the user U to visually recognize the first display unit 202a when operating the probe 200, if the user U can visually recognize the second display unit 202b, the plurality of markers eq can be captured by the movable camera 120. It is possible to easily grasp whether or not the object exists within the field of view. In addition, even when it is difficult for the user U to visually recognize the second display unit 202b when operating the probe 200, if the user U can visually recognize the first display unit 202a, the plurality of markers eq can capture the image of the holding unit 210. It is possible to easily grasp whether or not the object exists within the field of view. Therefore, the operability of the probe 200 is improved when indicating the measurement point.

(3) Internal Structure of Body Part 250 of Probe 200 FIG. 20 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of the probe 200 showing the internal structure of the body part 250 . FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of the probe 200 for explaining the outline of the internal structure of the body portion 250. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 20, the holding portion 210 is mainly composed of a stylus mounting portion 210a and a target member holding portion 210b. A plurality of attachment portions to which the stylus 211 can be attached are provided in the stylus attachment portion 210a. The target member holder 210 b holds a plurality of target members 290 . The stylus attachment portion 210a and the target member holding portion 210b are connected so that their positional relationship does not change. As a result, the positional relationship between the contact portion 211a of the stylus 211 and the plurality of target members 290 is fixed to the predetermined positional relationship while the stylus 211 is attached to the stylus attachment portion 210a.

On the other hand, the probe casing 220 is mainly composed of an upper casing 220a and a lower casing 220b. As shown in FIG. 21, when assembling the probe 200, the upper casing 220a and the lower casing 220b are arranged so as to sandwich the holding portion 210 and the plurality of rubber bushes rb.

Here, an opening 299 is formed in the upper casing 220a at a position corresponding to the target member 290, as shown in FIG. A translucent member that does not interfere with the imaging of the target member 290 by the movable camera 120 may be arranged in the opening 299 . With this configuration, the target member 290 is not exposed to the exterior of the upper casing 220a, thereby reducing the potential for contamination of the target member 290. FIG. Further, in the present embodiment, the opening 299 is formed at a position corresponding to the target member 290, but the upper casing 220a itself is a translucent member that does not interfere with the imaging of the target member 290 by the movable camera 120. may consist of 21, illustration of the opening 299 is omitted.

Here, the upper casing 220a is formed with three through holes h1 into which the shafts of the three screws sc can be inserted. Also, the target member holding portion 210b of the holding portion 210 is formed with three through holes h2 respectively corresponding to the three through holes h1 of the upper casing 220a. In addition, the lower casing 220b has a support portion that supports the target member holding portion 210b. The support portion is formed with three through holes h3 (FIG. 20) respectively corresponding to the three through holes h1 of the upper casing 220a and the three through holes h2 of the target member holding portion 210b.

The upper casing 220a and lower casing 220b are connected using three screws sc. The state of one of the three connections that are connected using the three screws sc is shown in the balloon in FIG.

As shown in more detail in the balloon of FIG. 20, in each connecting portion, a metal collar ca, for example, is inserted into the through hole h2 of the target member holding portion 210b. A screw sc is inserted through the through hole h1 of the upper casing 220a, the collar ca, and the through hole h3 of the lower casing 220b, and a nut nt is attached to the tip of the screw sc. A washer wa is arranged between the upper surface of the upper casing 220a and the head of the screw sc, and a washer wa is arranged between the support portion of the lower casing 220b and the nut nt.

Further, a flexible rubber bush rb is arranged between the upper casing 220a and the target member holding portion 210b. A flexible rubber bush rb is arranged between the target member holding portion 210b and the lower casing 220b.

With such a configuration, the holding part 210 is movably held within the probe casing 220 by the plurality of rubber bushes rb. That is, the holding part 210 is held inside the probe casing 220 in a floating state. Specifically, the holding part 210 is held movably about 3 mm with respect to the probe casing 220 in, for example, the vertical direction of the main body part 250 (the direction in which the top surface part 253 and the bottom surface part 254 are arranged). Further, the holding portion 210 is held so as to be movable about 3 mm relative to the probe casing 220 in the lateral direction of the main body portion 250 (the direction in which the one side portion 255 and the other side portion 256 are arranged).

In this case, for example, when the contact portion 211a of the stylus 211 is in contact with the measurement object S, even if a load directed toward the measurement object S is applied to the grip portion 230, the plurality of rubber bushes rb act as buffer members. Function. As a result, deformation of the holding part 210 is suppressed, and deterioration in measurement accuracy due to displacement of the positional relationship between the stylus 211 and the plurality of target members 290 is suppressed.

Further, according to the above configuration, even if the probe casing 220 is subjected to impact due to dropping or collision of the probe 200, the impact transmitted from the probe casing 220 to the holding portion 210 is mitigated by the plurality of rubber bushes rb. Thereby, damage to the holding portion 210 is prevented.

In this embodiment, the first direction dr1 in the probe 200 is defined as a direction parallel to the direction in which the front end portion 251 and the rear end portion 252 of the main body portion 250 are arranged. On the other hand, as described above, the holding part 210 is held inside the probe casing 220 via a plurality of rubber bushes rb. Therefore, when a relative load is applied between the holding portion 210 and the probe casing 220, such as when the stylus 211 is brought into contact with the measurement object S, the front end portion 251 and the rear end portion 252 of the main body portion 250 are The positional relationship changes. Therefore, in the present embodiment, first direction dr1 is defined in a state where no relative load is applied between holding portion 210 and probe casing 220 and probe 200 is in a predetermined posture. shall be

In FIG. 20 , in addition to the cross section of the body portion 250 , the cross section of the connecting portion between the body portion 250 and the grip portion 230 is also shown. As shown in FIG. 20, the body portion 250 and the connecting portion 254j are rotatably connected by a hinge 254h. The hinge 254h of this example includes a hollow member hi1 that guides a cable or the like between the inner space of the grip portion 230 and the inner space of the body portion 250, and a shaft member hi2 that supports the grip portion 230 with respect to the connection portion 254j. include.

[4] Method for Calculating Coordinates of Measurement Points In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment, a three-dimensional coordinate system having a predetermined relationship with respect to the reference camera 110 (hereinafter referred to as a device coordinate system) ) is predefined. Further, the main body memory 303 of the processing device 300 stores in advance the relative positional relationship of the plurality of markers ep on the reference member 190 .

As described above, reference camera 110 images multiple markers ep of reference member 190 . In this case, the main body control circuit 302 of FIG. Calculate the coordinates. At this time, each of the plurality of markers ep of the reference member 190 is identified based on the first and second markers ep1 and ep2.

Thereafter, based on the calculated coordinates of the plurality of markers ep, main body control circuit 302 converts information indicating the position and orientation of movable camera 120 fixed on reference member 190 in the device coordinate system into first position and orientation information. Generate as

In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the apparatus coordinate system described above, a three-dimensional coordinate system having a predetermined relationship with respect to the movable camera 120 (hereinafter referred to as a movable coordinate system). ) is predefined. Further, the body memory 303 of the processing device 300 stores in advance the relative positional relationship of the plurality of markers eq on the probe 200 .

As described above, movable camera 120 captures multiple markers eq of probe 200 . In this case, the main body control circuit 302 of FIG. Calculate the coordinates.

After that, main body control circuit 302 generates information indicating the position and orientation of probe 200 in the movable coordinate system as second position and orientation information based on the calculated coordinates of the plurality of markers eq.

A reference camera 110 is fixed on the head bottom 101 . Therefore, the apparatus coordinate system does not change when measuring the object S to be measured. On the other hand, the movable camera 120 is rotatably provided so that the imaging field of view follows the movement of the probe 200 . Therefore, the relationship between the device coordinate system and the movable coordinate system changes as the movable camera 120 rotates.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, main body control circuit 302 generates third position and orientation information representing the position and orientation of probe 200 in the device coordinate system based on the first and second position and orientation information. That is, main body control circuit 302 calculates the relative relationship of the movable coordinate system with respect to the device coordinate system based on the first position and orientation information, and converts the second position and orientation information into device coordinates based on the calculated relationship. Convert to information that follows the system. Thereby, third position and orientation information is generated.

After that, main body control circuit 302 calculates the coordinates of the measurement point indicated by probe 200 based on the generated third position/orientation information and the positional relationship between a plurality of markers eq and contact portion 211a on probe 200. do.

[5] Measurement Example The probe operation unit 221 in FIG. 13 is pressed by the user U in order to calculate the coordinates of the measurement point. For example, the user U operates one of the plurality of push buttons 221b and the trigger switch 221c of the probe operating section 221 while the contact section 211a is in contact with a desired portion of the object S to be measured. In this case, the coordinates of the contact portion of the measurement object S with the contact portion 211a are calculated as the coordinates of the measurement point. The calculated coordinates of the measurement point are stored in the main body memory 303 as the measurement result and displayed on the main body display section 310 .

In the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus 1, the user U operates the main body operation section 320 shown in FIG. 3 or the probe operation section 221 shown in FIG. Measurement conditions can be set.

Specifically, the user U selects geometric elements and measurement items for the measurement object S. FIG. A geometric element is a type of geometric shape that indicates the shape of a portion of the measurement object S to be measured. Types of geometric shapes include points, lines, planes, circles, cylinders, spheres, and the like. The measurement item indicates what should be measured with respect to the measurement object S, and includes various physical quantities such as distance, angle and flatness.

After selecting the geometric element and the measurement item, the user U designates one or more measurement points using the probe 200 for the selected geometric element. As a result, information (hereinafter referred to as element identification information) indicating the selected geometric element specified by one or more measurement points on the measurement object S in the apparatus coordinate system is generated. be. Values of the selected measurement items are then calculated with respect to the generated element identification information.

For example, when the user U wants to measure the distance between the first and second surfaces of the measurement object S having first and second surfaces parallel and opposite to each other, the geometric element Select "Plane 1" and "Plane 2". Also, the user U selects the measurement item "distance".

In this case, the user U uses the probe 200 to identify the plane (first plane) on the measurement object S corresponding to the geometric element “plane 1”. A plurality of (three or more points in this example) portions are indicated as measurement points. As a result, the element identification information corresponding to the geometric element "plane 1" is generated.

Furthermore, the user U uses the probe 200 to identify the plane (second plane) on the measurement object S corresponding to the geometric element "plane 2". A plurality of (three or more points in this example) portions are designated as measurement points. As a result, the element identification information corresponding to the geometric element "plane 2" is generated.

After that, based on the two pieces of element specifying information respectively corresponding to the geometric elements "plane 1" and "plane 2", the distance between the first plane and the second plane of the measurement object S corresponding to the measurement item "distance" is determined. The distance between is calculated. The calculated measurement result is stored in main body memory 303 and displayed on main body display section 310 .

[6] Measurement Processing FIG. 22 is a flow chart showing the flow of measurement processing by the body control circuit 302 of FIG. The measurement processing of FIG. 22 is repeatedly performed at a predetermined cycle by executing the measurement processing program stored in the main body memory 303 by the CPU of the main body control circuit 302 of FIG. Also, at the start of the measurement process, a timer incorporated in the body control circuit 302 is reset and started.

First, the body control circuit 302 determines whether or not a geometric element and a measurement item have been selected based on whether or not the user U has operated the body operation section 320 of FIG. 3 (step S11).

When the geometric elements and measurement items are selected, main body control circuit 302 stores the selected geometric elements and measurement items in main body memory 303 of FIG. 3 to set the geometric elements and measurement items as measurement conditions. (step S12). After that, the body control circuit 302 returns to the process of step S11.

In step S11, if no geometric elements and measurement items are selected, body control circuit 302 determines whether or not geometric elements and measurement items are set (step S13). When the geometric elements and measurement items are set, main body control circuit 302 determines whether or not an instruction to start measurement of measurement object S has been received (step S14). This determination is made based on whether or not the user U has operated the main body operation unit 320, for example.

When receiving a command to start measuring the measurement object S, the body control circuit 302 performs measurement point coordinate calculation processing (step S15). The details of the measurement point coordinate calculation process will be described later. Through this process, body control circuit 302 calculates the coordinates of the measurement point for identifying the selected geometric element based on the user's operation of probe 200 .

Further, the body control circuit 302 causes the body memory 303 to store the coordinates of one or more measurement points calculated by the measurement point coordinate calculation process in step S15 (step S16).

Next, the body control circuit 302 determines whether or not it has received an instruction to end the measurement of the measurement object S (step S17). This determination is made based on whether or not the user U has operated the main body operation unit 320, for example.

If the measurement end command is not received, the body control circuit 302 returns to the process of step S15. On the other hand, upon receiving the measurement end command, body control circuit 302 generates element specifying information for the geometric element set from the coordinates of one or more measurement points stored in body memory 303 in the immediately preceding step S16. (step S18).

After that, the body control circuit 302 calculates the values of the measurement items set based on the element specifying information generated in the process of step S18 (step S19), and ends the measurement process. If a plurality of geometric elements (for example, two planes) are set at the time of determination in step S13, the above steps S14 to S18 are performed for each of the set geometric elements.

If the geometric element and the measurement item are not set in step S13, and if the command to start measuring the measurement object S is not received in step S14, the body control circuit 302, based on the time measured by the built-in timer, It is determined whether or not a predetermined time has passed after the measurement process is started (step S20).

If the predetermined time has not passed, the body control circuit 302 returns to the process of step S11. On the other hand, when the predetermined time has passed, the body control circuit 302 performs measurement point coordinate calculation processing, which will be described later, similarly to the processing of step S15 (step S21). After that, the body control circuit 302 terminates the measurement process.

Note that the process of step S21 is performed, for example, to determine whether the probe 200 is within the imaging field of the movable camera 120 or the overhead camera 180 in the tracking process described later.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the flow of measurement point coordinate calculation processing. First, the body control circuit 302 instructs the probe control unit 201 of the probe 200 to emit light from a plurality of markers eq (FIG. 14), and the head control circuit 150 of the imaging head 100 detects a plurality of markers eq of the reference member 190. Light emission of the marker ep (FIG. 10(b)) is commanded (step S101).

Next, the body control circuit 302 generates reference image data by causing the head control circuit 150 to use the reference camera 110 to image a plurality of markers ep on the reference member 190 (step S102). Further, main body control circuit 302 generates first position and orientation information indicating the position and orientation of movable camera 120 in the apparatus coordinate system based on the generated reference image data (step S103).

Next, main body control circuit 302 generates measurement image data by imaging a plurality of markers eq of probe 200 using movable camera 120 (step S104). Further, the body control circuit 302 generates second position/orientation information indicating the position and orientation of the probe 200 in the movable coordinate system based on the generated measurement image data (step S105).

After that, main body control circuit 302 generates third position/orientation information representing the position and orientation of probe 200 in the device coordinate system based on the first and second position/orientation information (step S106). In addition, main body control circuit 302 calculates the coordinates of the measurement point designated by probe 200 based on the generated third position/orientation information.

The processes of steps S102 and S103 and the processes of steps S104 and S105 may be performed in reverse order.

According to the measurement process described above, the user U selects a desired geometric element and a desired measurement item from a plurality of predetermined geometric elements and a plurality of predetermined measurement items, thereby obtaining a desired measurement on the measurement object S. can be easily measured.

[7] Tracking Processing FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing the flow of tracking processing by the body control circuit 302 of FIG. The tracking process of FIG. 24 is repeatedly performed at a predetermined cycle by executing the tracking process program stored in the main body memory 303 by the CPU of the main body control circuit 302 of FIG.

First, the body control circuit 302 determines whether or not the probe 200 is within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 (step S31). This determination is made by determining whether or not the measurement image data generated during the processing of steps S15 and S21 in the measurement processing includes image data corresponding to a plurality of markers eq.

If the probe 200 is within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120, the body control circuit 302 proceeds to the process of step S36, which will be described later. On the other hand, if the probe 200 is not within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120, the body control circuit 302 determines whether the probe 200 is within the imaging field of view of the overhead camera 180 (step S32). This determination is made by determining whether or not image data corresponding to a plurality of markers eq are included in the bird's-eye view image data generated during the processing of steps S15 and S21 in the above measurement processing.

If the probe 200 is within the field of view of the bird's-eye view camera 180, the body control circuit 302 proceeds to the process of step S35, which will be described later. On the other hand, if the probe 200 is not within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120, the body control circuit 302 determines whether it is possible to estimate the coordinates of the probe 200 based on the motion data transferred from the probe 200 ( step S33). This determination is made based on, for example, whether the motion data indicates an abnormal value, or whether the value indicated by the motion data is 0, or the like. Coordinate estimation of the probe 200 is not possible if the motion data shows an abnormal value or if the motion data is zero.

If the coordinates of the probe 200 cannot be estimated, the body control circuit 302 returns to the process of step S31. On the other hand, if the coordinates of probe 200 can be estimated, body control circuit 302 estimates the position of probe 200 based on the motion data. Further, main body control circuit 302 commands adjustment of the position and orientation of movable camera 120 so that probe 200 is positioned within the imaging field of view of movable camera 120 (step S34). After that, the body control circuit 302 returns to the process of step S31.

In step S32, when the probe 200 is within the imaging field of the bird's-eye view camera 180, the body control circuit 302 calculates the position of the probe 200 based on the bird's-eye view image data. The body control circuit 302 also instructs the head control circuit 150 to adjust the position and attitude of the movable camera 120 so that the probe 200 is positioned within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 (step S35).

Next, when the probe 200 is positioned within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 , the body control circuit 302 moves so that the center of gravity of the plurality of markers eq of the probe 200 is positioned at the center of the imaging field of the movable camera 120 . The head control circuit 150 is instructed to adjust the position and attitude of the camera 120 (step S36). After that, main body control circuit 302 terminates the tracking process.

According to the tracking process described above, the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 follows the plurality of markers eq of the probe 200 even when the probe 200 moves. Thereby, the user U does not need to manually adjust the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120 . Therefore, it is possible to measure the coordinates of a desired measurement point on the measurement object S over a wide range without requiring complicated adjustment work.

[8] Effect (1) In order to obtain the coordinates of a desired measurement point on the measurement object S, the plurality of markers eq of the probe 200 must be positioned within the field of view of the movable camera 120 when indicating the measurement point. And it must face the movable camera 120 . Here, the state of the position and orientation of the main body 250 of the probe 200 when the plurality of markers eq are positioned within the field of view of the movable camera 120 and face the movable camera 120 is called a measurable state.

According to the probe 200 described above, even if it is difficult to put the body portion 250 in a measurable state using the probe 200 with the grip portion 230 in one state (for example, the first state), the user U can Gripper 230 can be transitioned to another state (eg, second or third state). Thereby, the user U can easily bring the body part 250 into a measurable state. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily operate the operation portion provided on the grip portion and appropriately indicate the measurement point. As a result, the physical quantity can be measured over a wide range of the measurement object S without requiring the user U to be skilled.

(2) In the probe 200 described above, the battery 203 is built in the grip portion 230 . The battery 203 has a relatively large weight among the multiple components that make up the probe 200 . Accordingly, when the battery 203 is accommodated in the grip portion 230, the center of gravity of the probe 200 as a whole is positioned at or near the grip portion 230. FIG. Thereby, the user can stably operate the probe 200 by gripping the grip portion 230 .

[9] Usage Example of Probe Camera 208 By imaging the measurement object S with the probe camera 208 of FIG. 13, the image of the measurement object S can be displayed on the main body display section 310 of FIG. An image obtained by the probe camera 208 is hereinafter referred to as a captured image.

The positional relationship between the plurality of markers eq of the probe 200 and the probe camera 208, and the characteristics of the probe camera 208 (angle of view, distortion, etc.) are stored in advance as imaging information in the body memory 303 of FIG. 3, for example. Therefore, when a plurality of markers eq are within the imaging field of view of the movable camera 120, the area imaged by the probe camera 208 is recognized by the body control circuit 302 of FIG. That is, the body control circuit 302 recognizes the three-dimensional space corresponding to the captured image. In this case, while the captured image is displayed on the main body display unit 310, the geometric elements and measurement items set during the measurement of the measurement object S can be superimposed and displayed.

[10] Other Embodiments (1) In the imaging head 100 according to the above embodiment, the substrate casing 93 accommodates a plurality of heat generating substrates GS. It may be housed in casing 91 . Further, in addition to the plurality of heat-generating substrates GS, the substrate casing 93 may accommodate other substrates having lower heat-generating properties than the heat-generating substrates GS.

(2) In the imaging head 100 according to the above embodiment, the overhead camera 180 is provided inside the lower casing 91, but the present invention is not limited to this. An overhead camera 180 may be housed within the upper casing 92 . In this case, for example, the overhead camera 180 is attached to the support member 30 .

(3) In the probe 200 according to the above embodiment, the grip portion 230 is provided so as to extend from the connection portion 254j in a direction intersecting the first direction dr1 and rotatable around the rotation axis RA. However, the invention is not so limited.

FIG. 25 is an external perspective view of probe 200 according to another embodiment. Regarding the probe 200 of FIG. 25, the differences from the probe 200 according to the above embodiment will be described. In this probe 200, the connection portion 254j is formed to extend from the bottom surface portion 254 by a certain length in a direction orthogonal to the first direction dr1. A rod-shaped gripping portion 230x is attached to the distal end portion of the connecting portion 254j so as to extend parallel to the first direction dr1 toward the rear end portion 252 side of the main body portion 250. As shown in FIG.

One end of the gripping portion 230x is connected to a connecting portion 254j so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis RA parallel or substantially parallel to the first direction dr1, as indicated by a thick two-dot chain line arrow in FIG. . An operation surface 221a of the probe operation section 221 is provided at the other end of the grip section 230x so as to be orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis RA. A plurality of push buttons 221b are provided in a predetermined arrangement on the operation surface 221a.

A trigger switch 221c is provided on a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the grip portion 230x located near the other end. As a result, the user U can grasp the grip portion 230x so that the thumb and index finger are positioned near the probe operation portion 221 and the little finger is positioned near the connection portion 254j. instructions can be given.

As described above, the grip portion 230x is rotatable around the rotation axis RA. In this case, even if the grip portion 230x rotates around the rotation axis RA, the position of the grip portion 230x on the probe 200 does not change. However, the arrangement relationship of the plurality of push buttons 221b and the trigger switches 221c with respect to the body portion 250 changes before and after the grip portion 230x is rotated.

FIG. 26 is an external perspective view of probe 200 when grip portion 230x is rotated 90° from the state of probe 200 in FIG. In the example of FIG. 26, the arrangement of the plurality of push buttons 221b and the arrangement of the plurality of push buttons 221b and the trigger switch 221c with respect to the main body 250 are different from the example of FIG. Accordingly, the user U can easily indicate the measurement point of the measurement object S while ensuring the operability of the probe operation section 221 by rotating the grip section 230x as necessary.

[11] Correspondence between each constituent element of the claim and each part of the embodiment Hereinafter, an example of correspondence between each constituent element of the claim and each part of the embodiment will be described. Not limited.

In the above embodiment, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring device 1 is an example of a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device, the probe 200 is an example of a probe, the plurality of markers eq of the probe 200 is an example of a plurality of measurement markers, The body portion 250 is an example of a body portion, the contact portion 211a is an example of a contact portion, the stylus 211 is an example of a pointing portion and a stylus, the grip portion 230 is an example of a grip portion, and the probe operation portion 221 is an example of a grip portion. It is an example of an operation part.

Further, the rotation axis RA is an example of a rotation axis, the connection portion 254j is an example of a connection portion, the battery 203 is an example of a battery, the indicator lamp 202 is an example of a notification display portion, and the first display portion. 202a is an example of a first display section, the second display section 202b is an example of a second display section, and the plurality of push buttons 221b is an example of a plurality of buttons. The state of 230 is an example of the first arrangement state, the state of the grip portion 230 shown in FIG. is an example of a calculator and a measurer.

Various other elements having the structure or function described in the claims can be used as each component of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus, 9... Processing machine, 900... Reference stand, 20... Fixed connection part, 21... Lower fixed plate, 22... Upper fixed plate, 23... Support column, 24... Hollow support shaft, 30... Support member , 30c, RA... Rotating shaft, 31... Rotating base, 32, 33... Support frame, 40... Movable member, 41... Upper surface, 42... Lower surface, 43, 111, 121, 181... Substrate, 50... Bellows, 90... Casing , 91, 220b... Lower casing, 91W... Bird's-eye view camera window, 92, 220a... Upper casing, 92S... Rectangular opening, 93... Substrate casing, 93a, 93b... Accommodating portion, 100... Imaging head, 101... Bottom of head, 102 Annular bottom surface 103, 832 Annular inclined surface 104 Opening 105, 833 Vertical hole 110 Reference camera 110c, 120c Optical axis 120 Movable camera 130, 204 Marker driving circuit 140 Rotation drive circuit 141 Horizontal rotation mechanism 143 Tilt rotation mechanism 150 Head control circuit 160, 206 Wireless communication circuit 170, 301 Communication circuit 180 Overhead camera 190 Reference member 191 Light emitting substrate 192 Diffusion plate 193 Glass plate 194 Mask 195 Diffuse reflection sheet 200 Probe 201 Probe control unit 202 Indicator lamp 202a First display unit 202b Second display unit 203 battery 205 probe memory 207 motion sensor 208 probe camera 210, 800 holding unit 210a stylus attachment unit 210b target member holding unit 211 stylus 211a contact Part 220... Probe casing 221... Probe operation part 221a... Operation surface 221b... Push button 221c... Trigger switch 230, 230x... Grasping part 250... Main body part 251... Front end part 252... Rear end part , 253... Top surface part 254... Bottom part 254h... Hinge 254j... Connection part 255... One side part 256... Other side part 290... Target member 299... Opening 300... Processing device 302... Main body Control circuit 303 Main unit memory 310 Main unit display unit 320 Main unit operating unit 810 Installation unit 820 Mounting base 830, 911 Head base 831 Annular support surface 912 Legs ca Color, CA... Cable, CB... Cross roller bearing, EC... Power supply cable, ep, ep1, ep2, eq... Marker, GS... Heat generating substrate, h1, h2, h3... Through hole, HA1, LA1... Intake part, HA2, LA2... Exhaust part, HF, LF... Exhaust fan, hi1... Hollow member, hi2... Shaft member, rb... Rubber bush, rs... Imaging space, S... Object to be measured, sc... Screw, U... User, Wa , Wb... weight

Claims (11)

It is used in a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device that calculates the coordinates of a measurement point on a measurement object based on a plurality of measurement markers imaged by an imaging unit, and is configured to be portable by a user to indicate the measurement point. a probe,
a main body having a plurality of measurement markers arranged so as to be imageable from a predetermined direction;
an indication unit attached to the plurality of measurement markers in predetermined positions of the main body and configured to indicate the measurement points;
a gripping portion configured to be grippable by a user and defining a gripping posture by the user;
a connecting portion that connects the grip portion to the main body portion so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis;
The plurality of measurement markers are oriented in different directions when the grip is gripped by the user according to the defined gripping posture by rotating the grip around the rotation axis via the connection. A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device, which is placed in the the main body has a marker surface on which the plurality of measurement markers are arranged;
2. The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said connecting portion is provided on a side of said body portion opposite to said marker surface. the rotation axis of the connecting portion is provided along the marker surface;
By rotating the grip portion around the rotation axis via the connection portion, the marker surface is oriented in the first direction when the grip portion is gripped by the user in accordance with the specified grip posture. 3. Configured to be transitionable between a first state facing and a second state in which said marker surface faces in a second direction different from said first direction. A probe for the three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus described. The grip unit has an operation unit that receives an operation input related to measurement by the user,
The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gripping posture is defined by the placement of the operation section. The grip unit has a first angular position for directing the plurality of measurement markers to the imaging unit facing the user, and directs the plurality of measurement markers to the imaging unit lateral to the user. The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the probe rotates to a second angular position for and. It is used in a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device that calculates the coordinates of a measurement point on a measurement object based on a plurality of measurement markers imaged by an imaging unit, and is configured to be portable by a user to indicate the measurement point. a probe,
a main body having the plurality of measurement markers;
a stylus having a contact portion that indicates the measurement point by contacting an object to be measured, the stylus being attached to the body portion at predetermined positions with respect to the plurality of measurement markers;
a grip configured to be grippable by a user;
An operation unit provided in the gripping portion and configured to be operable by a user who grips the gripping portion,
A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus, wherein the holding section is rotatably connected to the main body section around a predetermined rotation axis. The operation unit is composed of a plurality of buttons arranged in a predetermined array,
By rotating around the rotation axis, the grip section is arranged in a first arrangement state in which the arrangement of the plurality of buttons with respect to the body section is in a first arrangement relationship, and the arrangement of the plurality of buttons with respect to the body section. 7. The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the arrangement is configured to be movable between a second arrangement state having a second arrangement relationship different from the first arrangement relationship. . The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the grip section includes a built-in battery for supplying power to the plurality of measurement markers. further comprising a notification display unit provided on the main unit to notify the user whether or not the plurality of measurement markers are present within the imaging field of view of the imaging unit;
The three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the notification display section is positioned closer to the stylus than a connecting portion of the body section to which the grip section is connected. probe. The notification display unit includes a first display unit and a second display unit,
10. The probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said first display section and said second display section are provided so as to face different directions in different portions of said main body. A probe for a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 10;
an imaging unit that images a plurality of measurement markers of the probe;
a calculation unit that calculates coordinates of the measurement point indicated by the contact unit based on measurement image data representing images of the plurality of measurement markers captured by the imaging unit;
A three-dimensional coordinate measuring apparatus, comprising: a measuring unit that measures a physical quantity of an object to be measured based on a calculation result of the calculating unit.

Images