JP2022143767A

JP2022143767A - Building material and manufacturing method of building material

Info

Publication number: JP2022143767A
Application number: JP2021044458A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 翔一遠藤; Shoichi Endo; 祐樹首藤; Yuki Shuto
Original assignee: Lixil Corp
Current assignee: Lixil Corp
Priority date: 2021-03-18
Filing date: 2021-03-18
Publication date: 2022-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-18
Also published as: JP7630317B2

Abstract

To provide a building material which does not impair a material feeling of a constituting material, and to provide a manufacturing method of building material.SOLUTION: A building material 1 includes: a base material 10 formed in a flat plate shape; and mineral 20 which is a material different from the main material constituting the base material 10, and which is collapsed and exposed at a surface 10a of the base material 10. The mineral 20 is pumice stone. The mineral 20 can be collapsed at a surface pressure of 10 kg/cm2-103 kg/cm2, and a ratio of particle diameter of the mineral with respect to plate thickness of the base material 10 is 0.3-4.0.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本開示は、建築材及び建築材の製造方法に関するものである。 The present disclosure relates to building materials and methods of making building materials.

従来から、建築物の外壁等に使用される建築材は、基材の表面に塗装を施したものが採用されている（特許文献１参照）。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as building materials used for outer walls of buildings, etc., materials obtained by coating the surface of a base material have been employed (see Patent Document 1).

特開２００７－２３１５８６号公報JP 2007-231586 A

特許文献１に記載された構成では、基材の表面に塗装が施されることで、基材の素材感が均一化されてしまい、基材が本来もつ素材感が損なわれてしまうという問題点がある。 In the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the texture of the base material is uniformed by coating the surface of the base material, which impairs the original texture of the base material. There is

本開示は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、構成する材料の素材感を損なうことがない建築材及び建築材の製造方法を提供する。 The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a construction material and a method of manufacturing the construction material that do not impair the texture of the constituent materials.

本開示の一態様に係る建築材は、平板状に形成された基材と、該基材を構成する主材料とは異なる材料で構成されるとともに、圧壊されて前記基材の表面に露出している鉱物と、を備える。 A building material according to an aspect of the present disclosure is composed of a substrate formed in a flat plate shape and a material different from the main material constituting the substrate, and is crushed and exposed on the surface of the substrate. and

建築材の平面図。Top view of building materials. 図１のＡ－Ａ線断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1; 建築材の製造方法を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the manufacturing method of a building material.

以下、一実施形態に係る建築材について、図面に基づいて説明する。図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る化粧建築材（建築材）１は、基材１０と、複数の鉱物２０と、を備えている。 A building material according to one embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a decorative construction material (construction material) 1 according to this embodiment includes a base material 10 and a plurality of minerals 20 .

基材１０は、平板状に形成されている。基材１０は、例えば主材料が無機質材料で構成されている。無機質材料として、セメント、砂、骨材等が挙げられる。 The base material 10 is formed in a flat plate shape. The base material 10 is composed of, for example, an inorganic material as a main material. Examples of inorganic materials include cement, sand, aggregates, and the like.

図２に示すように、複数の鉱物２０は、基材１０の表面１０ａに露出して設けられている。鉱物２０は、後述するプレス機で押圧されることによって、圧壊され、基材１０と一体化されている。鉱物２０は、圧壊されることで粉々の砂状の状態になるのではない。鉱物２０は、圧壊される前の鉱物２１（製造前の鉱物を「鉱物２１」とする、図３参照）が主な形状を残しつつ変形したものである。複数の鉱物２１でそれぞれ形状が異なるため、圧壊された複数の鉱物２０もそれぞれ形状が異なり均一でない。 As shown in FIG. 2 , the plurality of minerals 20 are provided exposed on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 . The mineral 20 is crushed and integrated with the base material 10 by being pressed by a pressing machine which will be described later. The mineral 20 is not crushed into a sandy state. The mineral 20 is a mineral 21 before being crushed (a mineral before production is referred to as “mineral 21”, see FIG. 3) that has been deformed while leaving its main shape. Since the plurality of minerals 21 have different shapes, the crushed minerals 20 also have different shapes and are not uniform.

鉱物２０の表面２０ａは、平面状に形成されている。鉱物２０の表面２０ａは、基材１０の表面１０ａと同一平面状に配置されている。鉱物２０は、基材１０の裏面１０ｂまでは達していない。 A surface 20a of the mineral 20 is formed flat. The surface 20a of the mineral 20 is arranged flush with the surface 10a of the substrate 10 . The mineral 20 does not reach the back surface 10b of the base material 10. - 特許庁

鉱物２０は、基材１０を構成する主材料とは異なる材料で構成されている。鉱物２０としては、例えば、十和田水砂、桐生砂、鹿沼土、日向土及び富士砂等の軽石が挙げられる。 The mineral 20 is composed of a material different from the main material that constitutes the base material 10 . Examples of the mineral 20 include pumice stones such as Towada water sand, Kiryu sand, Kanuma soil, Hinata soil, and Fuji sand.

図３に示すように、製造前の基材を「基材１１」とする。鉱物２１は、面圧１０ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２～１０３ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２で圧壊可能であることが好ましい。製造後の基材１０の板厚に対する鉱物２１の粒径の比は、０．３～４．０であることが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the substrate before production is referred to as "substrate 11". The mineral 21 is preferably crushable at a surface pressure of 10 kg/cm ² to 103 kg/cm ² . The ratio of the grain size of the mineral 21 to the plate thickness of the base material 10 after production is preferably 0.3 to 4.0.

次に、化粧建築材１の製造方法について説明する。
基材１１は、セメント組成物を水と混合して硬化させたセメント硬化体である。セメント硬化体の原料であるセメント組成物は、水硬性材料と骨材とパルプ材とを含む。水硬性材料は、骨材及びパルプ材の結合剤として用いられ、セメントに対し、珪砂、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ、シリカフューム等の珪酸質原料を加えて生成されるものである。水硬性材料中のカルシウムとシリカのモル比は、０．５～１．６が好ましい。また、セメント組成物における水硬性材料の含有量は特に制限されるものではないが、固形分比率で２０～６０質量％含まれることが好ましい。 Next, a method for manufacturing the decorative building material 1 will be described.
The base material 11 is a hardened cement body obtained by mixing a cement composition with water and hardening it. A cement composition, which is a raw material for hardened cement, contains a hydraulic material, an aggregate, and a pulp material. Hydraulic materials are used as binders for aggregates and pulp materials, and are produced by adding siliceous raw materials such as silica sand, fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume to cement. The molar ratio of calcium to silica in the hydraulic material is preferably 0.5-1.6. The content of the hydraulic material in the cement composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 60% by mass in terms of solid content.

骨材は、二酸化ケイ素を主成分とする砂状物質であり、石英砂の状態で陸地や河口、海岸等で採取及び分級される天然骨材や、粉砕加工及び分級や高温焼成による発泡処理等を施した人工骨材が用いられる。骨材の含有量は、特に制限されるものではないが、固形分比率で３～６０質量％含まれることが望ましい。 Aggregate is a sand-like substance whose main component is silicon dioxide. Natural aggregate collected and classified in the state of quartz sand from land, river mouths, coasts, etc., pulverization processing and classification, foaming treatment by high temperature firing Artificial aggregate with The content of the aggregate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 60% by mass in terms of solid content.

パルプ材は、特に制限されないが、木材パルプや古紙パルプ等の各種パルプ材が用いられる。パルプ材の含有量は特に制限されるものではないが５～１５質量％含まれることが成形性の観点から好ましい。 The pulp material is not particularly limited, but various pulp materials such as wood pulp and waste paper pulp are used. Although the content of the pulp material is not particularly limited, it is preferably contained in an amount of 5 to 15% by mass from the viewpoint of moldability.

上記セメント組成物と水とをミキサー等で混合・混錬させてスラリーとする。セメント組成物と水の比率は、スランプ値で２０ｃｍ以下が好ましい。 The above cement composition and water are mixed and kneaded with a mixer or the like to form a slurry. The ratio of the cement composition to water is preferably 20 cm or less in terms of slump value.

図３に示すように、上記スラリーが平板状に形成された基材１１の表面１１ａ上に、複数の鉱物２１を配置する。 As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of minerals 21 are arranged on the surface 11a of the substrate 11 on which the slurry is formed in a flat plate shape.

プレス機によって、鉱物２１の上方から鉱物２１及び基材１１を圧縮する。これによって、鉱物２１は圧壊される。図１に示すように、鉱物２０の表面２０ａが基材１０の表面１０ａに露出しつつ、鉱物２０の一部は基材１０の内部に沈み込む。鉱物２０と基材１０とは、一体化される。基材１１にある程度の粘度があるため、プレスした際に、鉱物２１は基材１１の裏面まで到達しない。同時に、所定の圧力で圧壊した鉱物２０が基材２０の表面２０ａと面一に保持される。 The press machine compresses the mineral 21 and the base material 11 from above the mineral 21 . The mineral 21 is thereby crushed. As shown in FIG. 1 , while the surface 20 a of the mineral 20 is exposed on the surface 10 a of the base material 10 , part of the mineral 20 sinks inside the base material 10 . The mineral 20 and the substrate 10 are integrated. Since the base material 11 has a certain degree of viscosity, the mineral 21 does not reach the back surface of the base material 11 when pressed. At the same time, the mineral 20 crushed with a predetermined pressure is held flush with the surface 20a of the base material 20 .

このように構成された化粧建築材１では、基材１０の表面１０ａには、圧壊された鉱物２０が露出しているため、鉱物２０の素材感を損なうことがない。複数の鉱物２０は不均一な形状であり、同じ仕上がりのものはないため、素材感及び意匠性が高められる。 In the decorative building material 1 configured in this manner, the crushed minerals 20 are exposed on the surface 10a of the base material 10, so that the texture of the minerals 20 is not spoiled. Since the plurality of minerals 20 have non-uniform shapes and no one has the same finish, the texture and design are enhanced.

化粧建築材１では、鉱物は軽石であるため、圧壊されやすく、容易に製造できるとともに、生産設備への負荷が少ない。軽石は圧壊されると平面的に広がる形状となるため、素材感をより演出することができる。軽石の粒形状はいびつであるため、自然とランダムさが表現される。 Since the decorative building material 1 is made of pumice stone, it is easily crushed, can be easily manufactured, and places little load on production facilities. When pumice stone is crushed, it expands in a flat shape, so it is possible to produce a more textured texture. Since pumice has an irregular grain shape, it naturally expresses randomness.

化粧建築材１では、面圧が１０ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２よりも小さいと無機質材料の基材１０の成形をすることが困難である。面圧が１０３ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２よりもも大きいとプレス機への負荷が高くなって難易度が増す。面圧が１０ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２～１０３ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２で圧壊可能な鉱物２０であれば、確実に製造することができる。 In the decorative building material 1, if the surface pressure is less than 10 kg/cm ² , it is difficult to mold the base material 10 of the inorganic material. If the surface pressure is greater than 103 kg/cm ² , the load on the pressing machine will increase and the degree of difficulty will increase. If the mineral 20 can be crushed at a surface pressure of 10 kg/cm ² to 103 kg/cm ² , it can be reliably produced.

化粧建築材１では、基材１０の板厚に対する鉱物２１の粒径の比が０．３よりも小さいと、鉱物２１は圧壊されずに基材１０の内部にそのまま埋まってしまう。基材１０の板厚に対する鉱物２１の粒径の比が４．０よりも大きいと、鉱物２１は基材１０の裏面１０ｂにまで到達してしまい化粧建築材１の強度が著しく低下してしまう。基材１０の板厚に対する鉱物２１の粒径の比が０．３～４．０であれば、鉱物２１を確実に圧壊した状態としつつ、化粧建築材１の強度も維持することができる。 In the decorative building material 1, if the ratio of the grain size of the minerals 21 to the plate thickness of the base material 10 is smaller than 0.3, the minerals 21 are buried inside the base material 10 as they are without being crushed. If the ratio of the grain size of the minerals 21 to the plate thickness of the base material 10 is greater than 4.0, the minerals 21 reach the back surface 10b of the base material 10 and the strength of the decorative building material 1 is remarkably lowered. . If the ratio of the grain size of the mineral 21 to the plate thickness of the base material 10 is 0.3 to 4.0, the strength of the decorative building material 1 can be maintained while the mineral 21 is reliably crushed.

上述した実施の形態において示した各構成部材の諸形状や組み合わせ等は一例であって、本開示の主旨から逸脱しない範囲において設計要求等に基づき種々変更可能である。 The various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiment are examples, and can be variously changed based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

例えば、基材１０は、主成分が無機質材料以外の材料で構成されていてもよい。鉱物２０は、軽石以外の鉱物であってもよい。 For example, the base material 10 may be mainly composed of a material other than an inorganic material. Mineral 20 may be a mineral other than pumice.

化粧建築材１の基材１０では、吸水防止材を併用してもよい。吸水防止材を併用することによって、基材１０に成膜が生じないため、基材１０の素材感を維持しつつ、耐水性を高めることができる。 In the base material 10 of the decorative building material 1, a water absorption preventing material may be used together. By using the anti-water absorption material together, film formation does not occur on the substrate 10, so that the texture of the substrate 10 can be maintained and the water resistance can be improved.

１…化粧建築材（建築材） 1 ... decorative construction material (construction material)

Claims

a substrate formed into a flat plate;
A building material comprising: a mineral that is composed of a material different from the main material that constitutes the base material and that is crushed and exposed on the surface of the base material.

2. The building material according to claim 1, wherein the mineral can be crushed at a surface pressure of 10 kg/cm ² to 103 kg/cm ² .

3. The building material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the grain size of said mineral before being crushed to the plate thickness of said base material is 0.3 to 4.0.

A mineral composed of a material different from the main material constituting the substrate is placed on the surface of a base material formed in a flat plate, and the crushed mineral is compressed by a press to form the base material. A method of manufacturing a building material that integrates with the material.