JP2022123674A - Hydrogen gas combustion device and hydrogen gas combustion system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims to provide a hydrogen gas combustion device that uses hydrogen as fuel. This hydrogen gas combustion device includes an oxygen supply pipe that supplies oxygen, a hydrogen supply pipe that supplies hydrogen, and an ignition device that ignites the hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen supply pipe and the hydrogen supply pipe spray oxygen and hydrogen externally so that they can be mixed, and the ignition device ignites the mixed oxygen and hydrogen. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus and a hydrogen gas combustion system using hydrogen as fuel.

In recent years, in consideration of the global environment, methods of utilizing hydrogen as clean energy, such as use in fuel cells and engines, have attracted attention, and the use of hydrogen as fuel for gas burners has also been studied. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a nozzle for a hydrogen gas burner that can suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides.

However, in the hydrogen gas burner using the nozzle of Patent Document 1, oxygen for burning hydrogen is supplied by supplying air into the nozzle, so nitrogen is mixed during combustion to generate nitrogen oxides. may be Another problem is that if the combustion of hydrogen is maintained at a high temperature, the inner wall of the nozzle will melt.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-39608

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus and a hydrogen gas combustion system using hydrogen as fuel.

The present invention includes the following [1] oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen, a hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen, and an ignition device for igniting hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the oxygen supply pipe and the hydrogen supply pipe are externally a hydrogen gas combustion device that injects oxygen and hydrogen in a mixable manner and an igniter that ignites the mixed oxygen and hydrogen;
[2] A plurality of hydrogen supply pipes are installed in parallel with the oxygen supply pipe and concentrically with the oxygen injection direction of the oxygen supply pipe as a central axis, and the injection direction of hydrogen injected from the hydrogen supply pipe is , the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to [1], wherein the direction of the tip of the hydrogen supply pipe is inclined so as to face the central axis;
[3] The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the oxygen supply pipe and the hydrogen supply pipe contain tungsten, a tungsten alloy, molybdenum, or a molybdenum alloy;
[4] The above [1] to [3], comprising oxygen flow control means for controlling the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe, and hydrogen flow control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe. A hydrogen gas combustion device according to any one;
[5] Equipped with hydrogen flow control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe, and a temperature sensor for measuring the combustion temperature of oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen flow control means, based on the measured combustion temperature, The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to any one of [1] to [4], which controls the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe;
[6] Provided with oxygen flow control means for controlling the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe, the oxygen flow control means stopping the supply of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe, thereby stopping the combustion of hydrogen. The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to any one of [1] to [5];
[7] A plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices comprising an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen, a hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen, and an ignition device for igniting hydrogen and oxygen, and oxygen in the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices and a hydrogen gas burner control device for controlling the flow rate of and the flow rate of hydrogen, and the hydrogen gas burner control device controls the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe of each of the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices. and a hydrogen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipes of each of the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices;
The above problem can be solved by

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus using hydrogen as fuel.

1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an oxygen supply pipe and a hydrogen supply pipe of a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a hydrogen gas combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a hydrogen gas combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the drawings and the embodiments. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the preferred numerical values and configurations described below.

(Hydrogen gas combustion device)
The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus of the present invention will be described below. A hydrogen gas combustion apparatus includes an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen, a hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen, and an ignition device for igniting hydrogen and oxygen. Further, the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus is configured such that the oxygen supply pipe and the hydrogen supply pipe inject oxygen and hydrogen in a manner that they can be mixed externally, and the ignition device ignites the mixed oxygen and hydrogen.

First, a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an oxygen supply pipe and a hydrogen supply pipe of a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of an oxygen supply pipe and a hydrogen supply pipe of a hydrogen gas combustion apparatus.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 includes an oxygen supply pipe 2 for supplying oxygen and a plurality of hydrogen supply pipes 4 for supplying hydrogen. The oxygen supply pipe 2 also has an oxygen injection port 3 for injecting oxygen from the oxygen supply pipe 2 . Furthermore, the hydrogen supply pipe 4 has a hydrogen injection port 5 for injecting hydrogen from the hydrogen supply pipe 4 . The direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 is the injection direction of oxygen. The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 includes an ignition device 7 for igniting hydrogen and oxygen in the vicinity of a mixing region 6 where hydrogen and oxygen are mixed. The mixing area 6 is outside the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1, one oxygen supply pipe 2 and a plurality of hydrogen supply pipes 4 are installed substantially parallel. The oxygen supply pipe 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the central axis of the cylinder is on a straight line. On the other hand, the hydrogen supply pipe 4 also has a cylindrical shape, but the central axis of the cylinder is bent in the middle.

The plurality of hydrogen supply pipes 4 are arranged concentrically with the oxygen injection direction of the oxygen supply pipe 2 as the central axis. Here, this central axis is represented as central axis X. As shown in FIG. The number of hydrogen supply pipes 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more. Moreover, these hydrogen supply pipes 4 are installed at regular intervals. A straight line connecting one hydrogen supply pipe 4 and an oxygen supply pipe 2 and a straight line connecting another hydrogen supply pipe 4 adjacent to the one hydrogen supply pipe 4 and the oxygen supply pipe 2 in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of oxygen injection. The angle formed by and is a value obtained by dividing 360° by the number of hydrogen supply pipes 4 .

In the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1, when the injection destination side is defined as the front side and the injection source side is defined as the rear side, the oxygen injection port 3 is arranged behind the hydrogen injection port 5 in the oxygen injection direction. The direction of the tip of the hydrogen supply pipe 4 , that is, the direction of the hydrogen injection port 5 is inclined from the central axis X so that the injection direction of hydrogen injected from the hydrogen supply pipe 4 is directed toward the central axis X. The mixing region 6 is defined by the intersection of the center axis X and the straight line Y extending from the hydrogen injection port 5 along the hydrogen injection direction and its vicinity. With such a configuration, oxygen and hydrogen can be mixed and burned in front of the oxygen supply pipe 2 and the hydrogen supply pipe 4 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 from being directly heated by flames generated when oxygen and hydrogen react.

In addition, it is preferable that the materials of the oxygen supply pipe 2 and the hydrogen supply pipe 4 have fire resistance and heat resistance. For example, high-hardness metal materials such as stainless steel, or refractory metals such as niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, or alloys containing these can be used.

The configuration of the oxygen supply pipe 2, the hydrogen supply pipe 4 and the ignition device 7 is such that oxygen and hydrogen are mixed and burned at a position away from the oxygen injection port 3 and the hydrogen injection port 5 outside the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1. It is not particularly limited as long as it is possible. Although the configuration in which the oxygen supply pipe 2 is arranged at the center of the hydrogen supply pipe 4 has been described above, a configuration in which the hydrogen supply pipe is arranged at the center of the oxygen supply pipe may be adopted. . In this case, one hydrogen supply pipe and a plurality of oxygen supply pipes are installed substantially parallel. The hydrogen supply pipe has a cylindrical shape, and the central axis of the cylinder is straight. On the other hand, the oxygen supply pipe also has a cylindrical shape, but the central axis of the cylinder is bent in the middle. The plurality of oxygen supply pipes are arranged at equal intervals concentrically with the hydrogen injection direction of the hydrogen supply pipe as the central axis.

According to the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus of the present invention, the maximum combustion temperature is about 3000°C. The combustion temperature is preferably 500° C. or higher, more preferably 1500° C. or higher. Also, the combustion temperature is preferably 3200° C. or lower, more preferably 2500° C. or lower.

In addition, in the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus of the present invention, since only steam is generated by combustion of oxygen and hydrogen, it is possible to use clean energy that does not adversely affect the environment without emitting carbon dioxide or nitrogen oxides. It is possible.

(Ignition device and ignition method)
Next, the ignition device 7 and the ignition system in the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention will be explained. For the ignition of the mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen, it is preferable to employ a discharge type ignition device and an ignition method that generate sparks by discharge. Although the means used for the discharge of the ignition device 7 is not particularly limited, for example, discharge using a piezoelectric element or the like can be mentioned. The ignition device 7 is provided at a position where it is possible to ignite the mixing region 6 and is not involved in flames generated after ignition.

(Hydrogen gas combustion system and hydrogen gas burner control device)
The hydrogen gas combustion system and the hydrogen gas burner control device of the present invention will be described below. In the hydrogen gas combustion system of the present invention, the hydrogen gas burner control device controls the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 . By controlling the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 by the hydrogen gas burner control device, the combustion temperature of hydrogen can be controlled. Further, the hydrogen gas burner control device can control the ignition device of the hydrogen gas combustion device, and can control the ignition of the mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen.

The ratio of the flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen supplied to the mixing region 6 is preferably (flow rate of hydrogen)/(flow rate of oxygen) of 7/3 or less. In addition, (flow rate of hydrogen)/(flow rate of oxygen) is preferably 1/24 or more. When (flow rate of hydrogen)/(flow rate of oxygen) is within this range, hydrogen can be stably burned without stopping combustion. The flow rate of hydrogen when calculating the ratio of the flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen is the sum of the flow rates of hydrogen through the plurality of hydrogen supply pipes 4 .

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the hydrogen gas combustion device and the hydrogen gas burner control device in the hydrogen gas combustion system according to the embodiment of the present invention. A hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention comprises the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 and the hydrogen gas burner control device 12 described above. The hydrogen gas burner control device 12 has a hydrogen flow control section 13 , an oxygen flow control section 14 , an ignition control section 15 and a control section 16 .

Hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen flow controller 13 from a hydrogen cylinder. The hydrogen flow rate control unit 13 is provided with a hydrogen flow meter and an on-off valve, and the hydrogen flow rate control unit 13 adjusts the on-off valve according to a control signal from the control unit 16, so that the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 The flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe 4 of is controlled. Similarly, oxygen is supplied to the oxygen flow controller 14 from an oxygen cylinder. The oxygen flow rate control unit 14 is provided with an oxygen flow meter and an on-off valve, and the oxygen flow control unit 14 supplies oxygen to the oxygen supply pipe 2 of the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 according to a control signal from the control unit 16 . Control the flow of oxygen.

The ignition control unit 15 is connected to the ignition device 7 provided in the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 and controls ignition of the mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen according to the control signal from the control unit 16 .

The control unit 16 is composed of a CPU, a RAM, a storage unit, and the like. The control unit 16 executes a stored predetermined program to control the hydrogen flow control unit 13, the oxygen flow control unit 14, the ignition control unit 15, and the like. The control unit 16 is connected to each of the hydrogen flow control unit 13, the oxygen flow control unit 14, and the ignition control unit 15, and while mutually transmitting and receiving signals or information, the hydrogen flow control unit 13, the oxygen flow control unit 14 and controls the ignition control unit 15 . Also, the control unit 16 has an internal timer.

The control unit 16 controls the hydrogen flow rate control unit 13 and the oxygen flow control unit 14, respectively, thereby adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipe and the flow rate of oxygen in the oxygen supply pipe. In addition, the control unit 16 controls the hydrogen flow control unit 13, the oxygen flow control unit 14, and the ignition control unit 15, respectively, so that the ignition device 7 ignites the mixed gas in the hydrogen gas combustion device 1, and the hydrogen flow rate The control unit 13 and the oxygen flow rate control unit 14 can control the stopping of hydrogen combustion and the like.

In addition, the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention has a mechanism for stopping the combustion of hydrogen in a short time in the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 by controlling the flow rates of oxygen and hydrogen using the hydrogen gas burner control device 12. ing.

First, the hydrogen gas burner control device 12 controls the oxygen flow rate control section 14 in the control section 16 to stop the supply of oxygen to the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 . When the hydrogen gas burner control device 12 stops the supply of oxygen to the hydrogen gas combustion device 1, the concentration of hydrogen in the mixing region 6 of the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 rises sharply. As a result, for example, the ratio of hydrogen in the composition ratio of oxygen and hydrogen can be increased to 70% or more, so the composition ratio of oxygen required to react with hydrogen in the mixture ratio cannot be maintained. As a result, the combustion of hydrogen in the hydrogen gas combustion device 1 can be stopped. Here, if the supply of hydrogen is stopped before the supply of oxygen, the concentration of hydrogen gas remaining in the hydrogen supply pipe 4 will be in the range of 4 to 70%, and the remaining hydrogen gas will burn. There is a possibility that

Also, in the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, the combustion temperature can be monitored. For example, in order to measure the combustion temperature of a mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 is equipped with a dedicated temperature sensor as an attachment, and the controller 16 is configured to monitor the combustion temperature of the mixed gas. good too. Further, in the case where the object to be burned is stored in a heat-resistant container, the temperature inside the heat-resistant container may be measured by a temperature sensor. By monitoring the combustion temperature, it is possible, for example, to preset the combustion temperature of the gas mixture before ignition and to keep the combustion temperature constant during combustion.

When the combustion temperature of the mixed gas excessively rises above a preset temperature, the control unit 16 controls the hydrogen flow rate control unit 13 so as to reduce the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe 4. Combustion temperature of the gas mixture can be lowered. When the combustion temperature drops below the set temperature, the control unit 16 controls the hydrogen flow rate control unit 13 so as to reduce the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe 4, thereby reducing the combustion temperature of the mixed gas. can be lowered. By doing so, it is possible to continue combustion at a desired combustion temperature while suppressing the amount of hydrogen consumed in the hydrogen gas combustion apparatus 1 to the minimum necessary.

Further, the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention may be configured such that an internal timer provided in the control section 16 can set the combustion time of the mixed gas. When the set combustion time has elapsed, the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 automatically stops the combustion of the mixed gas in the hydrogen gas combustion device 1, and it is possible to suppress the consumption of hydrogen as fuel for a long time. . When burning an object to be burned in a heat-resistant container, the method of completing combustion within the set combustion time is better than the method of monitoring the combustion temperature to keep the temperature constant. can be done.

In the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, it is also possible to simultaneously monitor the combustion temperature and set the combustion time described above.

In the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, when automatic control by an attachment such as a dedicated temperature sensor or a dedicated timer is unnecessary, the user manually switches ON / OFF of the combustion by the hydrogen gas combustion device 1, Combustion temperature can be controlled by manually adjusting the mixture ratio of hydrogen and oxygen at a given location.

In the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, a plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices 1 are connected to one hydrogen gas burner control device 12, and the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen to each hydrogen gas combustion device 1 can be controlled. configuration may be employed. FIG. 3 is an example of a diagram showing the configuration of a hydrogen gas combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 includes a single hydrogen gas burner control device 12 and a plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices 1a, 1b, . can be configured to be used The hydrogen gas burner control device 12 controls the flow rate of hydrogen by the hydrogen flow rate control unit 13, controls the flow rate of oxygen by the oxygen flow rate control unit 14, and further controls the ignition control unit for each of the hydrogen gas combustion devices 1a to 1n. 15 controls the ignition of hydrogen and oxygen.

In the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, for example, even when it is necessary to install a plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices 1 for line work in a factory, when the distance between the hydrogen gas combustion devices 1 is short, one A plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices 1 can be connected to the hydrogen gas burner control device 12, controlled, and used.

Since the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention uses hydrogen as fuel, it does not emit carbon dioxide or nitrogen oxides, and only water vapor is emitted after the reaction. Therefore, it has little adverse effect on the surrounding environment and is useful for applications that require a large amount of thermal power. As an application of the hydrogen gas combustion system 11 of the present invention, for example, it can be used as a burner for heating asphalt in road construction. In addition, for other uses, for example, it can be used as a cremation burner installed in a crematorium in place of a conventional burner. When used as a cremation burner, unlike burners that use conventional fossil fuel combustion that uses fuel gas such as LP gas or heavy oil, there is no odor due to the fuel combustion reaction, and odorless cremation. It can be performed.

1 hydrogen gas combustion device 2 oxygen supply pipe 3 oxygen injection port 4 hydrogen supply pipe 5 hydrogen injection port 6 mixing area 7 ignition device 11 hydrogen gas combustion system 12 hydrogen gas burner control device 13 hydrogen flow control section 14 oxygen flow control section 15 ignition control unit 16 control unit

Claims (7)

an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen;
a hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen;
Equipped with an ignition device that ignites hydrogen and oxygen,
The oxygen supply pipe and the hydrogen supply pipe inject oxygen and hydrogen so that they can be mixed externally,
A hydrogen gas burner in which the igniter ignites the mixed oxygen and hydrogen. A plurality of hydrogen supply pipes are installed in parallel with the oxygen supply pipe and concentrically with the oxygen injection direction of the oxygen supply pipe as a central axis,
2. The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the direction of the tip of the hydrogen supply pipe is inclined so that the injection direction of hydrogen injected from the hydrogen supply pipe is directed toward the central axis. an oxygen supply pipe and a hydrogen supply pipe,
3. A hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 comprising tungsten, tungsten alloys, molybdenum or molybdenum alloys. oxygen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe;
The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising hydrogen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe. hydrogen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe;
Equipped with a temperature sensor that measures the combustion temperature of oxygen and hydrogen,
The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrogen flow rate control means controls the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply pipe based on the measured combustion temperature. Equipped with an oxygen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe,
The hydrogen gas combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the oxygen flow rate control means stops the combustion of hydrogen by stopping the supply of oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply pipe. a plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices each including an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen, a hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen, and an ignition device for igniting hydrogen and oxygen;
a hydrogen gas burner control device for controlling the oxygen flow rate and the hydrogen flow rate of the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices;
The hydrogen gas burner control device
oxygen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of oxygen supplied to each of the oxygen supply pipes of the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices;
A hydrogen gas combustion system, comprising hydrogen flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to each hydrogen supply pipe of each of the plurality of hydrogen gas combustion devices.

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