JP2022122656A - Fiber structure, fiber-reinforced composite material, and fiber structure manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To suppress wrinkles on the inside of a bent part.SOLUTION: A weft 13 is formed of reinforced fibers and a yarn main axis thereof extends in a first direction X1. Warp 14 is formed of reinforced fibers and a yarn main axis thereof extends in a second direction X2. A fiber structure 11 is bent so that an external surface 11a is located at the outside of a bent part. The warp 14 engages with the weft 13. The weft 13 has a first component yarn 13c and a second component yarn 13b. The second component yarn 13b is located on the outer side of the bent part than the first component yarn 13c in lamination direction Y and on the external surface 11a. The second component yarn 13b of the fiber structure 11 has larger dimension in the second direction X2 than the first component yarn 13c.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fiber structure, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a method for producing a fiber structure.

2. Description of the Related Art Fiber-reinforced composite materials, which are constructed by impregnating a fiber structure with a matrix material, are used as structural materials for aircraft, automobiles, buildings, and the like. For example, the fiber structure described in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of fiber layers in which yarns made of reinforcing fibers are arranged. A plurality of fiber layers are united by stitch yarns made of polymer.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-227068

By the way, depending on the application of the fiber-reinforced composite material, the shape of the fiber structure may be a shape having a bent portion such as an L-shape or a U-shape. In this case, the fibrous structure formed in a flat plate shape is formed into a shape having a bent portion.

If the fiber structure described in Patent Document 1 is formed into a shape having a bent portion, the yarn made of reinforcing fibers arranged outside the bent portion and the stitch yarn are difficult to stretch, so the bent portion is difficult to stretch. Wrinkles may occur inside. If wrinkles occur inside the bent portion, the strength of the inner portion of the bent portion may decrease, which is not preferable.

A fiber structure that solves the above problems is a fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and is composed of first yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and the reinforcing fibers. a second thread having a thread main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a flat plate portion; and a bent portion at an end in the stacking direction, wherein the fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction. , when the second thread is engaged with the first thread, and the end surface of the fiber structure located on the outside of the bend of the bent portion among both end surfaces of the fiber structure in the lamination direction is defined as the outer surface; , the first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface, which is outside the bending direction of the first constituent yarn in the lamination direction, and the lamination direction A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in a row is defined as a row, and when the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of the first yarns constituting the row are compared with each other, the adjacent first yarns in the stacking direction Among the one yarns, the first yarn arranged on the outside of the bend has a dimension in the second direction greater than or equal to the first yarn arranged on the inside of the bend, and the first constituent yarn and the second yarn The dimension of the second constituent yarn in the second direction is larger than that of the first constituent yarn when cross sections of the constituent yarns perpendicular to the first direction are compared.

As a precursor, which is a fiber structure before shaping, when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, the dimension in the lamination direction of the second constituent yarn is the first constitution Anything larger than the thread can be used. When shaping such a precursor, the second yarns arranged on the outer surface of the fiber structure are pulled in the second direction along with the shaping, so that the dimensions of the second constituent yarns in the stacking direction are reduced. The dimension in the second direction of the second constituent yarn in the fiber structure becomes larger than that of the precursor by the amount of the reduction in the dimension in the stacking direction of the second constituent yarn. In the fiber structure formed by shaping from the precursor in this way, when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction, the second constitution is as in the above constitution. The yarn has a larger dimension in the second direction than the first component yarn.

According to the above configuration, as the precursor is shaped, the dimensions of the second constituent yarns in the stacking direction are reduced, so that a surplus of the second yarns arranged on the outer surface of the fiber structure is generated. The surplus generated in this way allows the second yarns arranged on the outer surface to follow the shaping of the fiber structure. The fibrous structure after shaping has a dimension in the second direction of the outer surface that is longer than that of the precursor by the surplus of the second yarn. As a result, the dimension of the outer surface in the second direction of the fiber structure after shaping is larger than the dimension of the inner surface in the second direction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure.

A fiber structure that solves the above problems is a fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and is composed of first yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and the reinforcing fibers. a second yarn having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction; a flat plate portion; a bent portion having an intersection surface at an end portion in the stacking direction that is bent and intersects the end surface of the flat plate portion in the stacking direction, wherein the plurality of fiber layers are composed of a plurality of Two or more first yarn layers in which the first yarns are arranged in the second direction, and a plurality of the second yarns positioned between the two first yarn layers in the stacking direction and the plurality of second yarns arranged in the first yarn layer and a second yarn layer arranged in a direction, wherein the interlayer binding yarn engages the first yarn and binds the plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction, and the fibers in the stacking direction. When the end surface of the fiber structure located on the outer side of the bending portion of the structure is defined as the outer surface, the first yarn is the first constituent yarn and the first constituent yarn in the stacking direction. and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer side of the bend, wherein the second constituent yarn is arranged on the outermost side of the bend among the first yarn layers laminated with the second yarn layer on the outer side of the bend. A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the first yarn layer positioned and arranged in the stacking direction is defined as a row, and a plurality of the first yarns forming the row are orthogonal to the first direction. When the cross sections are compared, among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer side of the bend have dimensions in the second direction that are arranged on the inner side of the bend. It is more than the first yarn, and when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction, the second constituent yarn is higher than the first constituent yarn. It is characterized by large dimensions in two directions.

As a precursor, which is a fiber structure before shaping, when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, the dimension in the lamination direction of the second constituent yarn is the first constitution Anything larger than the thread can be used. When shaping such a precursor, along with the shaping, the second yarns arranged in the second yarn layer positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of second yarn layers and the interlayer binding yarns are separated from each other. Pulled in two directions. As a result, the dimension of the second constituent threads in the stacking direction is reduced. The dimension in the second direction of the second constituent yarn in the fiber structure becomes larger than that of the precursor by the amount of the reduction in the dimension in the stacking direction of the second constituent yarn. In the fiber structure formed by shaping from the precursor in this way, when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction, the second constitution is as in the above constitution. The yarn has a larger dimension in the second direction than the first component yarn.

According to the above configuration, as the precursor is shaped, the dimensions of the second constituent yarns in the stacking direction are reduced, so that the second yarn layer located on the outermost side of the plurality of second yarn layers has A surplus is generated in the arranged second yarn and the interlayer binding yarn. The second yarn arranged in the second yarn layer positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of second yarn layers and the interlaminar binding yarn can follow the shaping of the fiber structure due to the generated surplus. The fibrous structure after shaping has a dimension in the second direction of the outer surface that is longer than that of the precursor by the surplus of the second yarn and the interlayer binding yarn. As a result, the dimension of the outer surface in the second direction of the fiber structure after shaping is larger than the dimension of the inner surface in the second direction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure.

In the fiber structure, the first yarn further includes a third constituent yarn arranged on the inner side of the bending than the first constituent yarn in the lamination direction, and the first constituent yarn and the third constituent yarn are separated from each other. When cross sections orthogonal to the first direction are compared, it is preferable that the dimension of the third constituent yarn in the second direction is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn.

According to the above configuration, the second yarn positioned between the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn is pulled in the second direction along with the shaping of the precursor, which is the fiber structure before shaping. As a result, the dimension in the stacking direction of the first constituent threads is reduced. Therefore, the second yarn positioned between the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn also has a surplus.

In the above configuration, when the cross sections of the first constituent yarn and the third constituent yarn are compared perpendicularly to the first direction, the dimension of the third constituent yarn in the second direction is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn. That is, in the precursor, it can be said that the dimension in the lamination direction of the first constituent yarn is smaller than the dimension in the lamination direction of the second constituent yarn and larger than the dimension in the lamination direction of the third constituent yarn.

The larger the dimension of the first yarn in the stacking direction in the precursor, the greater the decrease in the dimension in the stacking direction due to the shaping of the precursor. Therefore, along with the shaping of the precursor, the amount of reduction in dimension in the stacking direction of the second constituent yarns is greater than that of the first constituent yarns. The amount of excess length of the second yarn corresponds to the amount of decrease in the dimension of the first yarn in the stacking direction due to the shaping of the precursor. Therefore, the excess amount of the length of the second yarn positioned on the bending outer side of the second constituent yarn is greater than that of the second yarn positioned between the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn. Therefore, since the dimension of the fiber structure in the second direction increases stepwise from the inner surface to the outer surface, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure.

A fiber-reinforced composite material for solving the above problems is a fiber-reinforced composite material formed by impregnating a fiber structure with a matrix material, and the fiber structure is any one of claims 1 to 3. It is characterized by being the fiber structure described in .

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure, so it is possible to suppress the decrease in the strength of the inner side of the bending of the fiber-reinforced composite material.
A fiber structure that solves the above problems is a fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and is composed of first yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and the reinforcing fibers. and a second yarn having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein both end surfaces in the lamination direction are planar, wherein the fiber layer includes a plurality of the The first yarn has a plurality of first yarn layers arranged in the second direction, the second yarn is engaged with the first yarn, and the one end surface of the fiber structure in the lamination direction is an outer surface. and when the other end surface of the fiber structure in the lamination direction is the inner surface, the first yarn is on the outer surface side in the lamination direction of the first constituent yarn and the first constituent yarn, and and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface, wherein a set of the plurality of first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is a row, and a plurality of the first yarns constituting the row are arranged in the first direction. When cross sections perpendicular to each other are compared, among the first yarns adjacent in the lamination direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer surface side have dimensions in the lamination direction arranged on the inner surface side It is more than the first yarn, and when the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, the second constituent yarn is higher than the first constituent yarn. It is characterized by having a large dimension in the stacking direction.

A method for manufacturing a fiber structure that solves the above-mentioned problems is to bend a precursor in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction and both end faces in the lamination direction are planar, thereby forming a flat plate portion and the flat plate portion. and a bent portion having an intersection surface at an end portion in the lamination direction that intersects the end surface of the flat plate portion in the lamination direction. The precursor includes a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. , wherein the fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction, the second yarns are engaged with the first yarns, and the When one end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the outer surface and the other end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the inner surface, the first yarn is the first constituent yarn and the first constituent yarn is more laminated than the first constituent yarn. a set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction, including a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface side in the direction and arranged on the outer surface, and the row in the precursor; When comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns constituting the , the dimension in the stacking direction is greater than or equal to the first yarn arranged on the inner surface side, and the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in the precursor are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction. Then, the second constituent thread has a larger dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent thread, and the flat plate portion is formed by bending the precursor so that the outer surface is positioned on the outside of the bent portion. and the bent portion.

According to the above configuration and method, the second constituent yarns are arranged on the outer surface side in the lamination direction of the first constituent yarns and on the outer surface of the fiber structure as a precursor. When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn perpendicular to the first direction, the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarn. When the fibrous structure as a precursor having such a structure is shaped so that the outer surface is bent outward, the second yarn arranged on the outer surface is pulled in the second direction. As a result, the dimension of the second constituent yarns in the lamination direction becomes smaller, so that the second yarns arranged on the outer surface of the fiber structure have a surplus. The surplus generated in this way allows the second yarns arranged on the outer surface to follow the shaping of the fiber structure. The fiber structure formed by shaping the fibrous structure as a precursor has an outer surface dimension in the second direction that is longer than that of the fibrous structure as a precursor by the excess amount of the second yarn. As a result, the fiber structure has a dimension in the second direction of the outer surface larger than a dimension in the second direction of the inner surface. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure.

A fiber structure that solves the above problems is a fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and is composed of first yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and the reinforcing fibers. and a second yarn having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction, is planar, and the plurality of fiber layers includes two or more first yarn layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction, and two of the first yarns a second yarn layer positioned between layers in the stacking direction and having a plurality of the second yarns arranged in the first direction, wherein the interlayer binding yarn engages the first yarn. In addition, when a plurality of the fiber layers are bonded in the stacking direction, one end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is an outer surface, and the other end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is an inner surface, the first The yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged closer to the outer surface side in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn, and the second constituent yarn is arranged on the outer surface side of the second constituent yarn. A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the first yarn layer located closest to the outer surface among the first yarn layers laminated in the yarn layer and arranged in the lamination direction is a row, When comparing the cross sections of the plurality of first yarns forming the row that are orthogonal to the first direction, among the first yarns that are adjacent in the stacking direction, the first yarns that are arranged on the outer surface side The yarn has a dimension in the lamination direction that is equal to or greater than the first yarn arranged on the inner surface side, and when the cross sections of the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn are compared perpendicularly to the first direction. , wherein the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarn.

A method for manufacturing a fiber structure that solves the above-mentioned problems is to bend a precursor in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction and both end faces in the lamination direction are planar, thereby forming a flat plate portion and the flat plate portion. and a bent portion having an intersection surface at an end portion in the lamination direction that intersects the end surface of the flat plate portion in the lamination direction. The precursor includes a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, and a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. and an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction, wherein the plurality of fiber layers are composed of two or more layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction. a first yarn layer and a second yarn layer positioned between the two first yarn layers in the stacking direction and having a plurality of the second yarns arranged in the first direction; The binding yarn engages the first yarn, binds the plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction, has one end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction as an outer surface, and the precursor in the stacking direction. When the end surface is the inner surface, the first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface side in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn, and the second constituent yarn The yarn is arranged in the first yarn layer positioned closest to the outer surface among the first yarn layers laminated with the second yarn layer on the outer surface side, and a plurality of yarns arranged in the lamination direction A set of the first yarns is a row, and when a plurality of the first yarns forming the row in the precursor are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction, the first yarns adjacent in the stacking direction Among the threads, the first thread arranged on the outer surface side has a dimension in the stacking direction equal to or larger than the first thread arranged on the inner surface side, and the first constituent thread in the precursor and the When the second constituent yarn is compared with the cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn, and the outer surface is bent at the bending portion. The flat plate portion and the bent portion are formed by bending the precursor so as to be positioned on the outside.

According to the above configuration and method, the second constituent yarns are arranged closer to the outer surface in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarns. When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn perpendicular to the first direction, the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarn. When the fiber structure as a precursor having such a configuration is shaped so that the outer surface is on the outer side of the bend, the second yarn layer arranged in the second yarn layer positioned on the outermost bend among the plurality of second yarn layers The yarn and the interlayer binding yarn are pulled in a second direction. As a result, the dimension of the second constituent yarns in the stacking direction becomes smaller, so that the second yarns and the inter-layer binding yarns are excessive. The second yarn arranged in the second yarn layer positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of second yarn layers and the interlaminar binding yarn can follow the shaping of the fiber structure due to the generated surplus. The fiber structure formed by shaping the fiber structure as the precursor has an outer surface dimension in the second direction that is larger than that of the fiber structure as the precursor by the excess of the second yarn and the interlayer binding yarn. extend. As a result, the fiber structure has a dimension in the second direction of the outer surface larger than a dimension in the second direction of the inner surface. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure.

According to this invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bend.

The perspective view which shows a fiber reinforced composite material. 1 is a perspective view showing a fiber structure as a precursor in the first embodiment; FIG. 3-3 line cross-sectional view of FIG. 4-4 line cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a first constituent yarn; Sectional drawing which shows a 2nd structural thread typically. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure in 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure as a precursor in 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure in 2nd Embodiment. The perspective view which shows the fiber structure as a precursor in 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure as a precursor in 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure in 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure as a precursor in 4th Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the fiber structure in 4th Embodiment.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment embodying a fiber structure, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a method for manufacturing a fiber structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fiber-reinforced composite material 10 is formed by impregnating a fiber structure 11 with a matrix resin Ma, which is an example of a matrix material. As the matrix resin Ma, for example, a thermosetting epoxy resin is used. The fiber structure 11 consists of a multi-layer fabric 10a.

The fiber structure 11 includes a flat plate portion 15 and a bent portion 18 that is bent with respect to the flat plate portion 15 . The bent portion 18 is positioned between the two flat plate portions 15 . One flat plate portion 15 is also called a first flat plate portion 16 , and the other flat plate portion 15 is also called a second flat plate portion 17 . The fiber structure 11 has a three-dimensional plate shape in which the first flat plate portion 16, the bent portion 18, and the second flat plate portion 17 are continuous.

The fiber structure 11 has a plurality of weft threads 13 . Yarn main axes of the plurality of wefts 13 extend in the first direction X1. A weft layer 20 is formed by arranging a plurality of wefts 13 in the second direction X2. The fiber structure 11 is formed by stacking a plurality of weft layers 20 in the stacking direction Y as fiber layers. In other words, the fiber layers forming the fiber structure 11 have the weft layer 20 . The weft yarn 13 corresponds to the first yarn. The weft layer 20 corresponds to the first thread layer.

The fiber structure 11 has a plurality of warp threads 14 . The yarn main axes of the plurality of warp yarns 14 extend in the second direction X2. A plurality of warp yarns 14 are arranged in the first direction X1. The warp threads 14 are engaged with the weft threads 13 . The warp yarns 14 correspond to the second yarns.

The weft 13 and the warp 14 are yarns made of reinforcing fibers. As the reinforcing fibers, organic fibers or inorganic fibers may be used, or different types of organic fibers, different types of inorganic fibers, or mixed fibers obtained by mixing organic fibers and inorganic fibers may be used. Examples of organic fibers include acrylic fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, aramid fibers, poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, etc. Examples of inorganic fibers include carbon fibers, glass fibers, and ceramic fibers. etc. The weft 13 and the warp 14 of this embodiment are threads made of carbon fiber.

Of the two end surfaces of the fiber structure 11 in the stacking direction Y, the end surface of the fiber structure 11 located on the outside of the bending portion 18 is referred to as an outer surface 11a. is called inner surface 11b. The outer surface 11a is composed of the end surfaces of the flat plate portions 15 in the stacking direction Y and the end surfaces of the bent portions 18 in the stacking direction Y. As shown in FIG. An end surface of the flat plate portion 15 forming the outer surface 11a is referred to as a flat plate end surface 15a. An end surface of the bent portion 18 forming the outer surface 11a is referred to as a bent end surface 18a. The bent end surface 18a is an intersecting surface that intersects with the flat plate end surface 15a. In other words, the bent portion 18 has, at its end portion in the stacking direction Y, an intersection plane that intersects the flat plate end surface 15 a of the flat plate portion 15 . The first flat plate portion 16, the bent portion 18, and the second flat plate portion 17 are continuous in the second direction X2.

The first direction X1 and the second direction X2 are both directions perpendicular to the stacking direction Y and directions perpendicular to each other. One of the stacking directions Y is called a first stacking direction Y1, and the other is called a second stacking direction Y2. The outer surface 11a is the surface of the fiber structure 11 on the first lamination direction Y1 side. The inner surface 11b is the surface of the fiber structure 11 on the second lamination direction Y2 side. The first stacking direction Y1 side corresponds to the outer side of the bent portion 18 and the outer surface 11a side. The second stacking direction Y2 side corresponds to the inner side of the bent portion 18 and the inner surface 11b.

Next, the precursor of the fiber structure 11 will be explained. The fibrous structure as a precursor is hereinafter simply referred to as the fibrous structure 11c. The three-dimensional fiber structure 11 is formed by shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor into an L shape.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor includes a plurality of wefts 13 and a plurality of warps 14, like the fibrous structure 11 after shaping. The fiber structure 11c as a precursor is formed by stacking a plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction Y, like the fiber structure 11 after shaping. The fiber layer in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor has the weft layer 20 like the fiber structure 11 after shaping.

The fiber structure 11c does not have a first flat plate portion 16, a second flat plate portion 17, and a bent portion 18, and has a flat plate shape as a whole. Both end faces in the stacking direction Y of the fiber structure 11c are planar. When the fiber structure 11c is bent, one of both end faces in the stacking direction Y of the fiber structure 11c becomes the outside of the bend and the other becomes the inside of the bend. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, one of the two end surfaces in the stacking direction Y of the fiber structure 11c is referred to as an outer surface 11a, and the other end surface is also referred to as an inner surface 11b.

As shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 , the plurality of weft layers 20 are composed of a first weft layer 21, a second weft layer 22, and a third weft layer . The first weft layer 21, the second weft layer 22, and the third weft layer 23 are arranged in this order from the first lamination direction Y1 side to the second lamination direction Y2 side.

The multiple warps 14 are composed of a first warp 31, a second warp 32, a third warp 33, a fourth warp 34, a fifth warp 35, a sixth warp 36, a seventh warp 37, and an eighth warp 38. there is The first warp 31, the third warp 33, the fifth warp 35, and the seventh warp 37 are arranged in the stacking direction Y in this order from the first stacking direction Y1 side to the second stacking direction Y2 side. The second warp 32, the fourth warp 34, the sixth warp 36, and the eighth warp 38 are arranged in the stacking direction Y in this order from the first stacking direction Y1 side to the second stacking direction Y2 side. The first warp 31, the third warp 33, the fifth warp 35, and the seventh warp 37 are shifted from the second warp 32, the fourth warp 34, the sixth warp 36, and the eighth warp 38 in the first direction X1. are arranged as follows.

The first to eighth warps 31 to 38 are engaged with wefts 13 of different weft layers 20, respectively. Specifically, the first warp yarns 31 and the second warp yarns 32 are engaged with the weft yarns 13 arranged in the first weft layer 21 . The third warp yarns 33 and the fourth warp yarns 34 are engaged with the weft yarns 13 arranged in the first weft layer 21 and the second weft layer 22 . The fifth warp 35 and the sixth warp 36 are engaged with the wefts 13 arranged in the second weft layer 22 and the third weft layer 23 . The seventh warp yarn 37 and the eighth warp yarn 38 are engaged with the weft yarns 13 arranged in the third weft layer 23 .

The weft yarns 13 are arranged side by side in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarns 14 interposed therebetween. A set of wefts 13 arranged in the lamination direction Y is called a weft row 13r. A plurality of weft rows 13r are arranged from one side to the other side in the second direction X2. The first to eighth warp yarns 31 to 38 have different arrangement positions in the stacking direction Y with respect to the weft yarns 13 with which they are engaged, for each weft row 13r. In this embodiment, the arrangement positions of the warp yarns 14 with respect to the weft yarns 13 are such that the same arrangement pattern is repeated in the second direction X2 for every four weft rows 13r arranged in the second direction X2. The arrangement pattern of the repeated warp yarns 14 is different for each of the first warp yarns 31 to the eighth warp yarns 38 .

The arrangement pattern of the first warps 31 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the first weft layer 21, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21. The order is from the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21 . The arrangement pattern of the second warps 32 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21. The order is from the second lamination direction Y2 side of the first weft layer 21 .

The arrangement pattern of the third warp 33 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the second weft layer 22, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22. The order is from the side of the first weft layer 21 in the first stacking direction Y1. The arrangement pattern of the fourth warp 34 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 21, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22. It is the order of the second lamination direction Y2 of the two weft layers 22 .

The arrangement pattern of the fifth warp 35 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23. It is the order of the 1st lamination direction Y1 of the 2 weft layers 22. As shown in FIG. The arrangement pattern of the sixth warp 36 is the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 22, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23, and the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23. 3 in order of the second stacking direction Y2 of the weft layer 23 .

The arrangement pattern of the seventh warp 37 is the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, and the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23. The order of the first stacking direction Y1 of the three weft layers 23 is as follows. The arrangement pattern of the eighth warp 38 is the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, the first lamination direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 23, the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23, and the second lamination direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 23. 3 in order of the second stacking direction Y2 of the weft layer 23 .

The outer surface 11 a is composed of the weft yarns 13 arranged in the first weft layer 21 , the first warp yarns 31 and the second warp yarns 32 . The inner surface 11 b is composed of the weft yarns 13 arranged in the third weft layer 23 and the seventh warp yarns 37 and the eighth warp yarns 38 .

The fiber structure 11c includes a first flat plate portion precursor 16c, a bending portion precursor 18c, and a second flat plate portion precursor 17c, which are composed of the weft yarns 13 and the warp yarns . The first flat plate portion precursor 16c, the bending portion precursor 18c, and the second flat plate portion precursor 17c are continuous in this order from one side to the other side in the second direction X2. When the fibrous structure 11 is formed by shaping the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, the first flat plate portion precursor 16c, the bending portion precursor 18c, and the second flat plate portion precursor 17c are respectively formed into the first It is a portion that becomes the first flat plate portion 16 , the bent portion 18 , and the second flat plate portion 17 .

The weft yarn 13 of the present embodiment includes one first constituent yarn 13c, one second constituent yarn 13b, and one third constituent yarn 13a. The first constituent yarns 13c are arranged in the second weft layer 22. As shown in FIG. The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged in the first weft layer 21 . The third constituent threads 13 a are arranged in the third weft layer 23 . The first constituent yarn 13c is arranged in the stacking direction Y between the third constituent yarn 13a and the second constituent yarn 13b. The first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a are part of the weft yarn 13 that constitutes the first flat plate portion precursor 16c.

The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged on the outer surface 11a on the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first constituent yarns 13c. The third constituent yarns 13a are arranged closer to the second stacking direction Y2 than the first constituent yarns 13c.

The first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the third warp yarn 33 and the fourth warp yarn 34 interposed therebetween. The first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the fifth warp yarn 35 and the sixth warp yarn 36 interposed therebetween. In other words, the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween.

The first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a are arranged in the same weft row 13r. A weft row 13r in which the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a are arranged is called a row 13s. A row 13s is a set of a plurality of weft yarns 13 arranged in the stacking direction Y. As shown in FIG.

The fifth to eighth warp threads 35 to 38 are engaged with the third component threads 13a. The first to fourth warp threads 31 to 34 are engaged with the second component threads 13b. A third warp yarn 33 to a sixth warp yarn 36 are engaged with the first component yarn 13c.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the fiber amount of the second constituent yarn 13b is the same as that of the first constituent yarn. more than 13c. That is, it can be said that the second constituent yarn 13b has a larger amount of fibers per unit length in the first direction X1 than the first constituent yarn 13c. Note that FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 schematically show reinforcing fibers as fibers F that constitute the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b. In the drawings, the fibers F are illustrated in an amount smaller than the amount of the reinforcing fibers contained in the original first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b, and the cross section expanded from the original cross-sectional area of the reinforcing fibers. It is illustrated in terms of area. Although not shown, the third constituent yarn 13a has a smaller fiber amount per unit length in the first direction X1 than the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b.

The dimensions of the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a in the stacking direction Y are referred to as a first dimension L1, a second dimension L2, and a third dimension L3, respectively. The second dimension L2 is larger than the first dimension L1 due to the difference in the fiber amounts of the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a. The third dimension L3 is smaller than the first dimension L1. That is, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b has a larger dimension in the stacking direction Y than the first constituent yarn 13c. . When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a perpendicular to the first direction X1, the dimension of the third constituent yarn 13a in the stacking direction Y is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn 13c. When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the lamination direction Y is equal to or larger than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second lamination direction Y2 side.

The dimensions of the first component thread 13c, the second component thread 13b, and the third component thread 13a in the second direction X2 are referred to as a fourth dimension L4, a fifth dimension L5, and a sixth dimension L6, respectively. In this embodiment, yarns having the same size in the second direction X2 are used as the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a. That is, the fourth dimension L4, the fifth dimension L5, and the sixth dimension L6 have the same value. The weft yarns 13 other than the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a have the same size as the third constituent yarn 13a in both the dimension in the lamination direction Y and the dimension in the second direction X2. is used.

Next, the fiber structure 11 formed by shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the fiber structure 11, the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are arranged outside the third constituent yarns 13a in the lamination direction Y. As shown in FIG. The second constituent threads 13 b are arranged on the outer surface 11 a of the fiber structure 11 . Among the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the third constituent yarn 13a, the third constituent yarn 13a is positioned on the innermost side of the bend, and the second constituent yarn 13b is positioned on the outermost side of the bend.

The dimensions of the third constituent threads 13a in the fiber structure 11 are almost the same as those of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. That is, the third dimension L3, which is the dimension of the third constituent yarns 13a in the stacking direction Y, and the sixth dimension L6, which is the dimension of the third constituent yarns 13a in the second direction X2, are the fiber structure as a precursor, respectively. 11c remain the same.

On the other hand, the dimensions of the first constituent threads 13c and the second constituent threads 13b in the fiber structure 11 are different from those of the precursor fiber structure 11c. That is, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y, is smaller than the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c. A first dimension L1, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the stacking direction Y, is smaller than the first constituent yarns 13c in the fiber structure 11c. In the fiber structure 11, the dimensions of the first component yarn 13c and the second component yarn 13b in the stacking direction Y are approximately the same as the dimension of the third component yarn 13a in the stacking direction Y.

A fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2, is larger than the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c. A fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the second direction X2, is larger than the first constituent yarns 13c in the fiber structure 11c. When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b perpendicular to the first direction X1, the dimension of the second constituent yarn 13b in the second direction X2 is larger than that of the first constituent yarn 13c.

When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a perpendicular to the first direction X1, the dimension of the third constituent yarn 13a in the second direction X2 is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn 13c. When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the second direction X2 is equal to or greater than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2 side.

[Action of the first embodiment]
Next, a method for manufacturing the fiber structure 11 by bending the fiber structure 11c as a precursor will be described together with the operation of the present embodiment.

The fiber structure 11c as a precursor is shaped into the L-shaped fiber structure 11 by being fitted into a mold. The fiber structure 11c is shaped by bending along the second direction X2 at an intermediate portion between the first flat plate portion precursor 16c and the second flat plate portion precursor 17c in the second direction X2.

The fiber structure 11c is shaped so that the outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11c bends outward and the inner surface 11b of the fiber structure 11c bends inside. As a result, the outer surface 11 a of the fiber structure 11 c as the precursor becomes the outer surface 11 a of the fiber structure 11 . The inner surface 11b of the fibrous structure 11c as the precursor becomes the inner surface 11b of the fibrous structure 11 .

By shaping the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, each of the first flat plate portion precursor 16c, the bending portion precursor 18c, and the second flat plate portion precursor 17c is formed into the first flat plate portion 16 in the fibrous structure 11, It becomes the bent portion 18 and the second flat plate portion 17 . The weft yarns 13 that form the first flat plate portion 16 include the first constituent yarns 13c, the second constituent yarns 13b, and the third constituent yarns 13a that form the first flat plate portion precursor 16c.

In the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is more dense than the first constituent yarn 13c. Also, the dimension in the stacking direction Y is large. As the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor is shaped, the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a of the fibrous structure 11 are pulled in the second direction X2, so that the dimensions in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b are increased. becomes smaller. At this time, the fibers F forming the second constituent yarns 13b are displaced to the ends of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2. Therefore, the dimension in the second direction X2 of the second constituent thread 13b is increased. The dimension in the second direction X2 of the second constituent yarn 13b becomes larger than that of the fibrous structure 11c as the precursor by the amount that the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarn 13b is reduced. In the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is closer to the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimensions in

Further, along with the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 located between the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are also pulled in the second direction X2. Therefore, the fibers F forming the first constituent yarn 13c are also displaced in the same manner as the second constituent yarn 13b. That is, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent threads 13c is smaller than the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent threads 13c in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. The dimension in the second direction X2 of the first component threads 13c is larger than the dimension in the second direction X2 of the first component threads 13c in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor.

As the fiber structure 11c as a precursor is shaped, the dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y become smaller, and the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a have an extra length in the second direction X2. . The excess warp yarns 14 allow the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11 a to follow the shaping of the fiber structure 11 . In the first flat plate portion 16, the weft yarns 13 arranged closer to the bent portion 18 in the second direction X2 than the second component yarns 13b are displaced toward the bent portion 18 in the second direction X2. The outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11 can be stretched in the second direction X2 more than the fiber structure 11c as a precursor by the excess of the warp yarns 14. As shown in FIG. As a result, the fiber structure 11 has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 larger than a dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2. Then, the fiber structure 11 is impregnated with the matrix resin Ma to form the fiber reinforced composite material 10 .

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1-1) In the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is The dimension in the stacking direction Y is larger than that of the single constituent thread 13c. Along with the shaping of the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 located on the outer surface 11a of the fibrous structure 11 are pulled in the second direction X2. As a result, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent threads 13b is reduced. In the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is closer to the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimensions in

As the fiber structure 11c as a precursor is shaped, the size of the second component yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y becomes smaller, and the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11 have a surplus. do. The surplus thus generated allows the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11 a to follow the shaping of the fiber structure 11 . In the fiber structure 11 after shaping, the dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 is longer than that of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor by the excess warp yarns 14 . As a result, in the fiber structure 11 after shaping, the dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 is larger than the dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of bending of the fiber structure 11 .

(1-2) With the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 located between the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are pulled in the second direction X2, The dimension in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent thread 13c is reduced. Therefore, in the same way as the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11, the warp yarns 14 located between the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b also have a surplus.

In the above-described embodiment, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the third constituent yarn 13a is more likely to extend in the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. Smaller dimensions in That is, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the dimension in the lamination direction Y of the first constituent yarn 13c is smaller than the dimension in the lamination direction Y of the second constituent yarn 13b, and the dimension in the lamination direction Y of the third constituent yarn 13a It can be said that it is larger than the dimension in

The larger the dimension of the weft 13 in the stacking direction Y in the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, the greater the decrease in the dimension in the stacking direction Y due to the shaping of the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor. Therefore, along with the shaping of the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, the amount of reduction in dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b is greater than that of the first constituent yarns 13c. The excess length of the warp yarns 14 corresponds to the amount of reduction in the dimension of the weft yarns 13 in the stacking direction Y accompanying the shaping of the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor. Therefore, the excess length of the warp yarns 14 positioned on the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second constituent yarns 13b is greater than that of the warp yarns 14 positioned between the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b. Become. Therefore, since the dimension of the fiber structure 11 in the second direction X2 increases stepwise from the inner surface 11b to the outer surface 11a, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure 11.

(1-3) The fiber-reinforced composite material 10 is constructed by impregnating the fiber structure 11 with the matrix resin Ma. Since it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of the bending of the fiber structure 11, it is possible to suppress the reduction in the strength of the inner side of the bending of the fiber-reinforced composite material 10 as well.

(1-4) The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged on the outer surface 11a side of the first constituent yarn 13c in the stacking direction Y and on the outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor. In the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is more dense than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimension in the stacking direction Y is large. When the fiber structure 11c as a precursor having such a configuration is shaped so that the outer surface 11a is bent outward, the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a are pulled in the second direction X2. As a result, the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y becomes smaller, so that the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11 are redundant. The surplus thus generated allows the warp yarns 14 arranged on the outer surface 11 a to follow the shaping of the fiber structure 11 . In the fiber structure 11 formed by shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 is larger than that of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor by the excess of the warp yarns 14. extend. As a result, the fiber structure 11 has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 larger than a dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of bending of the fiber structure 11 .

(1-5) The fiber structure 11 is a multilayer fabric 10a. Therefore, when manufacturing the fiber structure 11, the step of stacking the fiber layers one by one is not required, so that the man-hours involved in manufacturing the fiber structure 11 can be reduced.

(1-6) The second component yarn 13b has a larger fiber amount per unit length in the first direction X1 than the first component yarn 13c. Therefore, when the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b becomes smaller due to the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the fibers F constituting the second constituent yarns 13b are transferred to the second constituent yarns 13b. Displaced to the end in the second direction X2. This increases the dimension of the second constituent thread 13b in the second direction X2. As the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2 increases in this way, the gap between the second constituent yarns 13b and the warp yarns 14 engaged with the second constituent yarns 13b can be reduced. Therefore, the strength of the fiber structure 11 can be improved.

(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment embodying a fiber structure, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a method for manufacturing a fiber structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG.

The second constituent yarns 13b in this embodiment differ from the second constituent yarns 13b in the first embodiment in the arrangement position in the fiber structure 11 and the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor. In the fiber structure 11 and the fiber structure 11c as a precursor in the present embodiment, the third constituent yarns 13a arranged in the fiber structure 11 and the fiber structure 11c in the first embodiment are not arranged. . The following description focuses on the differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment.

First, the fiber structure 11c as a precursor in this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 8, the weft yarn 13 of this embodiment includes two first constituent yarns 13c and one second constituent yarn 13b. The first component yarns 13c are arranged in the second weft layer 22 and the third weft layer 23 . The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged in the first weft layer 21 . The first component yarn 13c and the second component yarn 13b are arranged in the same weft row 13r. A weft row 13r in which the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are arranged is called a row 13s. A row 13s is a set of a plurality of weft yarns 13 arranged in the stacking direction Y. As shown in FIG. The first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween. The first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b in the present embodiment are part of the weft yarn 13 that constitutes the bending portion precursor 18c.

As in the first embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarn 13c in the second direction X2, and the second constituent yarn in the second direction X2 The fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of 13b, is the same size. Further, as in the first embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the lamination direction Y, is the same as that of the first constituent yarns in the lamination direction Y larger than the first dimension L1, which is the dimension of 13c. That is, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is the first constituent yarn The dimension in the stacking direction Y is larger than that of 13c. When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the lamination direction Y is equal to or larger than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second lamination direction Y2 side.

By shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the L-shaped fiber structure 11 shown in FIG. 1 is formed. In the fiber structure 11, the weft yarns 13 forming the bent portion 18 include the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b.

Next, the fiber structure 11 will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 9, the second constituent yarns 13b are arranged in the lamination direction Y on the bending outer side than the first constituent yarns 13c. Of the first constituent thread 13c and the second constituent thread 13b, the first constituent thread 13c is positioned on the innermost side of the bend, and the second constituent thread 13b is positioned on the outermost side of the bend.

The dimensions of the first constituent threads 13c in the fiber structure 11 are almost the same as those of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. In other words, the first dimension L1 and the fourth dimension L4 of the first constituent thread 13c do not change and remain approximately the same as those of the fibrous structure 11c as the precursor.

On the other hand, the dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11 are different from those in the precursor fiber structure 11c. That is, the fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2, is larger than the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the second direction X2. The second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y, is as small as the first dimension L1, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the stacking direction Y.

When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the second direction X2 is equal to or greater than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2 side.

In the second embodiment, the fibrous structure 11 is formed by shaping the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor by the same method of manufacturing the fibrous structure 11 as in the first embodiment. The fiber structure 11 is impregnated with the matrix resin Ma to form the fiber reinforced composite material 10 .

[Action of Second Embodiment]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Along with the shaping of the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 arranged on the bending outer side of the fibrous structure 11c are pulled in the second direction X2. Accordingly, as in the first embodiment, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b is smaller than that of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. The dimensions in the second direction X2 of the second constituent yarns 13b are larger than those of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. As in the first embodiment, the surplus of the warp yarns 14 causes the fiber structure 11 to have a larger dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 than the dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2.

According to the second embodiment, the same effects as (1-1), (1-3), (1-4), (1-5), and (1-6) in the first embodiment effect can be obtained.
(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment embodying a fiber structure, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a method for manufacturing a fiber structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12. FIG.

The fiber structures 11, 11c of the present embodiment differ from the fiber structures 11, 11c of the first embodiment in that they include interlayer binding yarns 60 in addition to the weft yarns 13 and warp yarns 14. FIG. The following description focuses on the differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment.

First, the fiber structure 11c as a precursor will be described.
As shown in FIG. 10 , the fibrous structure 11 c as a precursor includes a plurality of weft yarns 13 , a plurality of warp yarns 14 and a plurality of interlayer binding yarns 60 . A weft layer 20 is formed by arranging a plurality of wefts 13 in the second direction X2. A warp layer 40 is formed by arranging a plurality of warp yarns 14 in the first direction X1.

The plurality of fiber layers that constitute the fiber structure 11c are formed by laminating a plurality of weft layers 20 and a plurality of warp layers 40 . The fiber structure 11 c of this embodiment includes four weft layers 20 , a first weft layer 21 , a second weft layer 22 , a third weft layer 23 and a fourth weft layer 24 . The fiber structure 11 c of this embodiment includes three warp layers 40 , a first warp layer 41 , a second warp layer 42 and a third warp layer 43 . The weft layers 20 and the warp layers 40 are alternately laminated in the lamination direction Y. As shown in FIG. That is, the warp layer 40 is positioned between the two weft layers 20 in the stacking direction Y. As shown in FIG. The weft yarn 13 of this embodiment corresponds to the first yarn. The warp yarns 14 of this embodiment correspond to the second yarns. The weft layer 20 of this embodiment corresponds to the first thread layer. The warp layer 40 of this embodiment corresponds to the second thread layer.

The interlayer binding yarns 60 are arranged parallel to each other in the first direction X1. Therefore, the interlayer binding yarns 60 are parallel to the warp yarns 14 and perpendicular to the weft yarns 13 . The interlayer binding yarns 60 are yarns made of reinforcing fibers, similar to the weft yarns 13 and the warp yarns 14 . The interlayer binding thread 60 of this embodiment is a thread made of carbon fiber.

The weft layer 20 and the warp layer 40 are bound by interlayer binding yarns 60 . The fiber structure 11c is a multi-layer fabric 10a by binding the laminated weft layers 20 and warp layers 40 with interlayer binding yarns 60. As shown in FIG.

The outer surface 11 a in this embodiment is composed of the weft yarns 13 arranged in the first weft layer 21 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 that engage the weft yarns 13 . The inner surface 11 b is composed of the weft yarns 13 arranged in the fourth weft layer 24 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 engaged with the weft yarns 13 . The weft layers 20 are positioned in the order of a first weft layer 21, a second weft layer 22, a third weft layer 23, and a fourth weft layer 24 from the outer surface 11a to the inner surface 11b. The warp layers 40 are positioned in order of a first warp layer 41, a second warp layer 42, and a third warp layer 43 from the outer surface 11a to the inner surface 11b.

As shown in FIG. 11, the weft yarn 13 of this embodiment includes two each of the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d. The first constituent yarns 13c are arranged in the third weft layer 23. As shown in FIG. The third constituent yarns 13a are arranged in the fourth weft layer 24. As shown in FIG. The third constituent yarns 13a are arranged closer to the second stacking direction Y2 than the first constituent yarns 13c. The third constituent threads 13a are arranged on the inner surface 11b of the fiber structure 11c. The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged in the second weft layer 22 . The second constituent yarns 13b are arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first constituent yarns 13c. The fourth constituent yarns 13d are arranged in the first weft layer 21. As shown in FIG. The fourth constituent threads 13 d are arranged on the outer surface 11 a of the fiber structure 11 .

The first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween. The first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween. The fourth constituent yarn 13d and the second constituent yarn 13b are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween. In other words, the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarn 14 interposed therebetween.

Also, the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are arranged in the same weft row 13r. A weft row 13r in which the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are arranged is called a row 13s. A row 13s is a set of a plurality of weft yarns 13 arranged in the stacking direction Y. As shown in FIG. The fiber structure 11c of this embodiment has two rows 13s. The two columns 13s are adjacent in the second direction X2. The first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are part of the weft yarn 13 that constitutes the first flat plate portion precursor 16c.

The dimensions of the first component thread 13c, the second component thread 13b, the third component thread 13a, and the fourth component thread 13d in the second direction X2 are respectively the fourth dimension L4, the fifth dimension L5, the sixth dimension L6, and the It is called the eighth dimension L8. As in the first embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarn 13c in the second direction X2, and the second constituent yarn in the second direction X2 The fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of 13b, is the same size. In this embodiment, the fourth dimension L4, the fifth dimension L5, the sixth dimension L6, and the eighth dimension L8 are all the same size at the time of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor.

The dimensions in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are set to the first dimension L1, the second dimension L2, the third dimension L3, and the third dimension L3, respectively. It is called 7 dimension L7. As in the first embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the lamination direction Y, is the length of the first constituent yarns 13c in the lamination direction Y. larger than the first dimension L1. That is, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is the first constituent yarn The dimension in the stacking direction Y is larger than that of 13c.

The third dimension L3 is smaller than the first dimension L1. That is, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the dimension of the third constituent yarn 13a in the stacking direction Y is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn 13c. . The seventh dimension L7 is greater than the second dimension L2.

When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the lamination direction Y is equal to or larger than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second lamination direction Y2 side. For example, the weft yarns 13 arranged in the weft row 13r other than the row 13s have the same dimensions in the second direction X2 and the stacking direction Y as the third constituent yarns 13a.

By shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the L-shaped fiber structure 11 shown in FIG. 1 is formed. In the fiber structure 11, the weft yarns 13 forming the first flat plate portion 16 include a first constituent yarn 13c, a second constituent yarn 13b, a third constituent yarn 13a, and a fourth constituent yarn 13d. Two rows 13 s are included in the first plate portion 16 .

Next, the fiber structure 11 will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 12, the third constituent yarn 13a, the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are arranged on the outside in the lamination direction Y in this order. The third constituent thread 13a is positioned on the innermost side of the bend, and the fourth constituent thread 13d is positioned on the outermost side of the bend.

The dimensions of the third constituent threads 13a in the fiber structure 11 are almost the same as those of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. In other words, the third dimension L3 and the sixth dimension L6 of the third constituent thread 13a do not change and remain approximately the same as those of the fibrous structure 11c as the precursor.

The dimensions of the second constituent threads 13b in the fiber structure 11 are different from those in the precursor fiber structure 11c. That is, the fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2, is larger than the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the second direction X2. In the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is more likely to extend in the second direction than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimension at X2 is increased. In addition, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y, is almost as small as the third dimension L3, which is the dimension of the third constituent yarns 13a in the stacking direction Y.

The first dimension L1 is as small as the third dimension L3. The fourth dimension L4 is larger than the sixth dimension L6. That is, when comparing the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the third constituent yarn 13a has a larger dimension in the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. small. The seventh dimension L7 is as small as the third dimension L3. The eighth dimension L8 is larger than the fifth dimension L5.

When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the second direction X2 is equal to or greater than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2 side.

In the third embodiment, the fibrous structure 11 is formed by shaping the fibrous structure 11c as a precursor by the same method of manufacturing the fibrous structure 11 as in the first embodiment. The fiber structure 11 is impregnated with the matrix resin Ma to form the fiber reinforced composite material 10 .

[Action of the third embodiment]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Along with the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of warp yarn layers 40 and the interlayer binding yarn 60 become the second warp yarn layer. It is pulled in direction X2. As a result, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent thread 13b is deformed to become smaller. The dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b is smaller than that of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. The dimension in the second direction X2 of the second constituent yarn 13b becomes larger than that of the fibrous structure 11c as the precursor by the amount that the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarn 13b is reduced. As a result, in the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarns 13b are higher than the first constituent yarns 13c. The dimensions in the two directions X2 are increased.

In addition, along with the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 of the second warp layer 42 positioned between the first constituent yarns 13c and the second constituent yarns 13b are also pulled in the second direction X2. be done. Therefore, the fibers F forming the first constituent yarn 13c are also displaced in the same manner as the second constituent yarn 13b. That is, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent threads 13c is smaller than the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent threads 13c in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. The dimension in the second direction X2 of the first component threads 13c is larger than the dimension in the second direction X2 of the first component threads 13c in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor.

As the fiber structure 11c as a precursor is shaped, the dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y become smaller, so that the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 A surplus length is generated in the second direction X2. The surplus of the interlaminar binding yarns 60 is also generated when the dimensions in the stacking direction Y of the first constituent yarns 13c and the fourth constituent yarns 13d are reduced as the fiber structure 11c is shaped. The warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 can follow the shaping of the fiber structure 11 due to the generated surplus. Due to the surplus of the warp yarns 14 and the interlayer binding yarns 60, the weft yarns 13 arranged closer to the bent portion 18 side in the second direction X2 than the second constituent yarns 13b in the first flat plate portion 16 are arranged in the bent portion in the second direction X2. It is displaced to the 18 side. The outer surface 11a of the fiber structure 11 can be stretched in the second direction X2 more than the fiber structure 11c as a precursor by the excess of the warp yarns 14 and the interlayer binding yarns 60. FIG. As a result, the fiber structure 11 has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 larger than a dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2.

According to the third embodiment, the same effects as the effects (1-2), (1-3), (1-5), and (1-6) in the first embodiment can be obtained. can. Furthermore, according to the third embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in place of the effects (1-1) and (1-4) in the first embodiment.

(3-1) In the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is The dimension in the stacking direction Y is larger than that of the single constituent thread 13c. Along with the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of warp yarn layers 40 and the interlayer binding yarn 60 become the second warp yarn layer. It is pulled in direction X2. As a result, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent threads 13b is reduced. In the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is closer to the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimensions in

As the fiber structure 11c as a precursor is shaped, the dimensions of the second component yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y are reduced, so that the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 are separated. A surplus occurs in The surplus thus generated allows the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 and the inter-layer binding yarns 60 to follow the shaping of the fiber structure 11 . In the fiber structure 11 after shaping, the dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 is longer than that of the fiber structure 11c as the precursor by the excess of the warp yarns 14 and the interlaminar binding yarns 60 . As a result, in the fiber structure 11 after shaping, the dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 is larger than the dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of bending of the fiber structure 11 .

(3-2) The second constituent threads 13b are arranged closer to the outer surface 11a than the first constituent threads 13c. When comparing the cross sections of the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b has a larger dimension in the stacking direction Y than the first constituent yarn 13c. . When the fiber structure 11c as a precursor having such a configuration is shaped so that the outer surface 11a is on the outer side of the bend, The warp yarns 14 and the interlayer binding yarns 60 are pulled in the second direction X2. As a result, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b is reduced, so that the warp yarns 14 and the inter-layer binding yarns 60 are excessive. The fiber structure 11 formed by shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 corresponding to the surplus of the warp yarns 14 and the interlayer binding yarns 60. It extends more than the structure 11c. As a result, the fiber structure 11 has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 larger than a dimension of the inner surface 11b in the second direction X2. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner side of bending of the fiber structure 11 .

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment that embodies a fiber structure, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a method for manufacturing a fiber structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. FIG.

The second constituent yarns 13b in this embodiment differ from the second constituent yarns 13b in the third embodiment in the arrangement positions in the fiber structures 11 and 11c. The following description focuses on the differences between the third embodiment and this embodiment.

First, the fiber structure 11c as a precursor will be described.
As shown in FIG. 13, two rows 13s are located on the bend precursor 18c. The first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d are part of the weft yarn 13 that constitutes the bending portion precursor 18c.

As in the third embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarn 13c in the second direction X2, and the second constituent yarn in the second direction X2 The fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of 13b, is the same size. Further, as in the third embodiment, at the time of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the lamination direction Y, is the same as that of the first constituent yarns in the lamination direction Y larger than the first dimension L1, which is the dimension of 13c. That is, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is the first constituent yarn The dimension in the stacking direction Y is larger than that of 13c.

The third dimension L3 is smaller than the first dimension L1. That is, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the dimension of the third constituent yarn 13a in the stacking direction Y is smaller than that of the first constituent yarn 13c. . The seventh dimension L7 is greater than the second dimension L2.

When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the lamination direction Y is equal to or larger than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second lamination direction Y2 side.

By shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the L-shaped fiber structure 11 shown in FIG. 1 is formed. In the fiber structure 11, the weft yarns 13 forming the bent portion 18 include the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d.

Next, the fiber structure 11 will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 14, the dimensions of the first constituent yarns 13c in the fiber structure 11 are the same as those of the first constituent yarns 13c in the fiber structure 11 of the third embodiment. remain the same and do not change. The dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b change similarly to the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11 of the third embodiment. That is, the fifth dimension L5, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the second direction X2, is larger than the fourth dimension L4, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the second direction X2. In the fiber structure 11, when the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b are compared in cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction X1, the second constituent yarn 13b is more likely to extend in the second direction than the first constituent yarn 13c. The dimension at X2 is increased. In addition, the second dimension L2, which is the dimension of the second constituent yarns 13b in the stacking direction Y, is almost as small as the first dimension L1, which is the dimension of the first constituent yarns 13c in the stacking direction Y.

The dimensions of the second constituent threads 13b and the fourth constituent threads 13d in the fiber structure 11 also change in the same manner as in the third embodiment. The first dimension L1 is as small as the third dimension L3. The fourth dimension L4 is larger than the sixth dimension L6. That is, when comparing the first constituent yarn 13c and the third constituent yarn 13a in cross sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, the third constituent yarn 13a has a larger dimension in the second direction X2 than the first constituent yarn 13c. small. The seventh dimension L7 is as small as the third dimension L3. The eighth dimension L8 is larger than the fifth dimension L5.

When a plurality of wefts 13 constituting the row 13s are compared in cross-sections perpendicular to the first direction X1, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the wefts 13 arranged on the first stacking direction Y1 side are: The dimension in the second direction X2 is equal to or greater than the weft yarns 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2 side.

Also in the fourth embodiment, the fiber structure 11 is formed by shaping the fiber structure 11c as a precursor by the same method of manufacturing the fiber structure 11 as in the third embodiment. The fiber structure 11 is impregnated with the matrix resin Ma to form the fiber reinforced composite material 10 .

[Action of the fourth embodiment]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Along with the shaping of the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 positioned on the outermost side of the plurality of warp yarn layers 40 and the interlayer binding yarn 60 become the second warp yarn layer. It is pulled in direction X2. Accordingly, as in the third embodiment, the dimension in the stacking direction Y of the second constituent yarns 13b is smaller than that of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. The dimensions in the second direction X2 of the second constituent yarns 13b are larger than those of the second constituent yarns 13b in the fiber structure 11c as the precursor. As in the third embodiment, the warp yarns 14 arranged in the first warp layer 41 and the interlaminar binding yarns 60 are redundant, so that the fiber structure 11 has a dimension of the outer surface 11a in the second direction X2 that is the same as that of the inner surface. 11b in the second direction X2.

According to the fourth embodiment, the same effects as those of the third embodiment can be obtained.
It should be noted that each of the above embodiments can be implemented with the following modifications. Each of the above-described embodiments and the following modified examples can be implemented in combination with each other within a technically consistent range.

(circle) in 2nd Embodiment, you may add the 3rd constituent thread 13a to the fiber structure 11. FIG. In this case, the third constituent yarn 13a is located on the second stacking direction Y2 side of the first constituent yarn 13c and the second constituent yarn 13b. The third constituent yarns 13a are adjacent to the first constituent yarns 13c in the stacking direction Y with the warp yarns 14 interposed therebetween.

○ Of the wefts 13 forming the row 13s, the wefts 13 positioned closest to the second stacking direction Y2 except for the first constituent yarn 13c, the second constituent yarn 13b, the third constituent yarn 13a, and the fourth constituent yarn 13d of weft yarns 13 may be added. The weft yarn 13 to be added may be one or a plurality of yarns. The weft yarn 13 to be added may have the same size as or different from the weft yarn 13 adjacent via the warp yarn 14 . In short, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, when comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction X1 of the plurality of wefts 13 forming the row 13s, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the stacking direction Y, the first It is sufficient that the weft 13 arranged in the stacking direction Y1 side has a dimension in the stacking direction Y equal to or larger than the weft 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2. In the fiber structure 11, when comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction X1 of the plurality of wefts 13 forming the row 13s, among the wefts 13 adjacent in the lamination direction Y, the wefts 13 are arranged on the first lamination direction Y1 side. The wefts 13 arranged in the second direction X2 should be equal to or larger than the wefts 13 arranged in the second stacking direction Y2.

O In the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the dimension of the fourth constituent thread 13d may be changed. For example, in the fiber structure 11c as a precursor, the dimensions in the stacking direction Y of the fourth constituent yarns 13d may be the same as the dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b. In the fiber structure 11, the dimensions in the second direction X2 of the fourth constituent yarns 13d may be the same as the dimensions of the second constituent yarns 13b.

O In the first, third, and fourth embodiments, a plurality of first constituent yarns 13c may be arranged between the second constituent yarns 13b and the third constituent yarns 13a. In the first embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment, a plurality of third constituent yarns 13a may be arranged on the second stacking direction Y2 side of the first constituent yarns 13c. In these cases, the number of weft layers 20 is appropriately increased by the amount corresponding to the increase in the number of wefts 13 . The warp yarns 14 are appropriately added so that the warp yarns 14 are positioned between the weft yarns 13 in the stacking direction Y.

○ In the second embodiment, among the weft yarns 13 forming the row 13s, the first constituent yarn 13c arranged on the second lamination direction Y2 side of the second constituent yarn 13b may be one, It is good also as three or more. In this case, the number of weft layers 20 is appropriately increased or decreased according to the change in the number of first constituent threads 13c. The warp yarns 14 are appropriately increased or decreased so that the warp yarns 14 are positioned between the weft yarns 13 in the stacking direction Y.

O In the first embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment, the third constituent thread 13a may be omitted from the fiber structure 11. Instead of the third constituent yarns 13a, the first constituent yarns 13c may be arranged.

O The rows 13s may be provided at a plurality of locations among the first flat plate portion precursor 16c, the second flat plate portion precursor 17c, and the bent portion precursor 18c. The number of rows 13s arranged may be the same or different among the first flat plate portion precursor 16c, the second flat plate portion precursor 17c, and the bent portion precursor 18c. In this case, in the fiber structure 11, the rows 13s are positioned at a plurality of locations among the first flat plate portion 16, the second flat plate portion 17, and the bent portion .

O In the third and fourth embodiments, the fiber structures 11, 11c may have a plurality of sets of two rows 13s adjacent in the second direction X2. One or more weft rows 13r other than the rows 13s may be positioned between the rows 13s in the second direction X2.

The direction in which the main axis of the weft 13 extends may be the second direction X2, and the direction in which the main axis of the warp 14 extends may be the first direction X1. In this modification, the first flat plate portion 16, the bent portion 18, and the second flat plate portion 17 are continuous along the direction in which the yarn main axis of the weft yarn 13 extends. Further, when this modified example is adopted in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the weft 13 is engaged with the warp 14 . When this modification is adopted in the third and fourth embodiments, the interlaminar binding yarns 60 are engaged with the warp yarns 14 . In this modification, the weft yarn 13 corresponds to the second yarn. The warp yarn 14 corresponds to the first yarn. The weft layer 20 corresponds to the second thread layer. The warp layer 40 corresponds to the first thread layer.

(circle) the shape of the fiber structure 11 is not restricted to L shape. The fibrous structure 11c as a precursor may be shaped so that the radius of curvature of the bent portion 18 is larger than that of the fibrous structure 11 shown in FIG. It may be made smaller than the fiber structure 11 shown.

O The weft yarns 13, the warp yarns 14, and the interlayer binding yarns 60 may be reinforcing fibers other than carbon fibers. For example, the reinforcing fibers in this case include inorganic fibers other than carbon fibers, organic fibers, different types of organic fibers, different types of inorganic fibers, and mixed fibers in which organic fibers and inorganic fibers are mixed. Further, some or all of the weft yarns 13, warp yarns 14, and interlayer binding yarns 60 may be different types of reinforcing fibers.

(circle) although the thermosetting resin was used as matrix resin Ma in each embodiment, you may use other types of resin.
(circle) matrix materials other than matrix resin Ma, such as a ceramic, may be sufficient.

(circle) in each embodiment, you may change the number of the fiber layers laminated|stacked arbitrarily.

L1...first dimension, L2...second dimension, L3...third dimension, L4...fourth dimension, L5...fifth dimension, L6...sixth dimension, X1...first direction, X2...second direction, Y... Lamination direction Y1 First lamination direction Y2 Second lamination direction 10 Fiber reinforced composite material 11, 11c Fiber structure 11a Outer surface 11b Inner surface 13 Weft 13a Third constituent thread , 13b... second constituent yarn, 13c... first constituent yarn, 13s... row, 14... warp, 15... flat plate portion, 15a... flat plate end surface, 18... bent portion, 18a... bent end surface, 20... weft layer, 40... Warp layers, 60 --- Interlayer binding yarns.

Claims (8)

A fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction,
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;
a flat plate;
a bent portion that is bent with respect to the flat plate portion and has, at an end portion in the stacking direction, an intersection surface that intersects an end surface of the flat plate portion in the stacking direction,
The fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction,
the second thread engages the first thread;
When the end surface of the fiber structure located on the outer side of the bending portion of the both end surfaces of the fiber structure in the lamination direction is defined as the outer surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn that is arranged on the outer surface and is outside the first constituent yarn in the lamination direction,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarn arranged on the outer side of the bend has a dimension in the second direction greater than or equal to the first yarn arranged on the inner side of the bend,
When comparing the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction,
The fiber structure, wherein the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the second direction than the first constituent yarn. A fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction,
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;
an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction;
a flat plate;
a bent portion that is bent with respect to the flat plate portion and has, at an end portion in the stacking direction, an intersection surface that intersects an end surface of the flat plate portion in the stacking direction,
The plurality of fiber layers are positioned between two or more first yarn layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction and two of the first yarn layers in the stacking direction. and a second yarn layer in which the second yarn of is arranged in the first direction,
The interlayer binding yarn engages the first yarn and binds the plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction,
When the end surface of the fiber structure located on the outer side of the bending portion of the both end surfaces of the fiber structure in the lamination direction is defined as the outer surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer side of the bending than the first constituent yarn in the lamination direction,
The second constituent yarns are arranged in the first yarn layer located on the outermost side of the bend among the first yarn layers laminated by the second yarn layers on the outer side of the bend,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarn arranged on the outer side of the bend has a dimension in the second direction greater than or equal to the first yarn arranged on the inner side of the bend,
When comparing the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction,
The fiber structure, wherein the second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the second direction than the first constituent yarn. The first yarn further includes a third constituent yarn arranged inside the bend relative to the first constituent yarn in the stacking direction,
When comparing the first constituent yarn and the third constituent yarn in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction,
The fiber structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third constituent yarn has a smaller dimension in the second direction than the first constituent yarn. A fiber-reinforced composite material comprising a fiber structure impregnated with a matrix material, wherein the fiber structure is the fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. and fiber reinforced composites. A fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction,
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
A fiber structure in which both end surfaces in the stacking direction are planar,
The fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction,
the second thread engages the first thread;
When one end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is the outer surface and the other end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is the inner surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface side in the stacking direction relative to the first constituent yarn,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer surface side have dimensions in the stacking direction equal to or greater than the first yarns arranged on the inner surface side,
When comparing the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction,
A fiber structure, wherein the second constituent yarns are larger in dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarns. A fiber structure in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction,
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;
an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction;
A fiber structure in which both end surfaces in the stacking direction are planar,
The plurality of fiber layers are positioned between two or more first yarn layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction and two of the first yarn layers in the stacking direction. and a second yarn layer in which the second yarn of is arranged in the first direction,
The interlayer binding yarn engages the first yarn and binds the plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction,
When one end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is the outer surface and the other end surface of the fiber structure in the stacking direction is the inner surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged closer to the outer surface in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn,
The second constituent yarn is arranged in the first yarn layer positioned closest to the outer surface among the first yarn layers laminated by the second yarn layer on the outer surface side,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer surface side have dimensions in the stacking direction equal to or greater than the first yarns arranged on the inner surface side,
When comparing the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in cross sections orthogonal to the first direction,
A fiber structure, wherein the second constituent yarns are larger in dimension in the stacking direction than the first constituent yarns. By bending a precursor in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction and both end surfaces in the lamination direction are planar, a flat plate portion and the flat plate portion bent with respect to the flat plate portion in the lamination direction are formed. A method for manufacturing a fiber structure, comprising: a bent portion having an intersection surface that intersects the end surface at an end portion in the lamination direction,
The precursor is
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
The fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction,
the second thread engages the first thread;
When one end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the outer surface and the other end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the inner surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged on the outer surface side in the stacking direction relative to the first constituent yarn,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross sections perpendicular to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row in the precursor,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer surface side have dimensions in the stacking direction equal to or greater than the first yarns arranged on the inner surface side,
When comparing the cross sections perpendicular to the first direction of the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in the precursor,
The second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn,
A method for producing a fibrous structure, wherein the flat plate portion and the bent portion are formed by bending the precursor so that the outer surface is located on the outer side of the bent portion. By bending a precursor in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction and both end surfaces in the lamination direction are planar, a flat plate portion and the flat plate portion bent with respect to the flat plate portion in the lamination direction are formed. A method for manufacturing a fiber structure, comprising: a bent portion having an intersection surface that intersects the end surface at an end portion in the lamination direction,
The precursor is
a first yarn made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction;
a second yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;
an interlayer binding yarn made of the reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction;
The plurality of fiber layers are positioned between two or more first yarn layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction and two of the first yarn layers in the stacking direction. and a second yarn layer in which the second yarn of is arranged in the first direction,
The interlayer binding yarn engages the first yarn and binds the plurality of fiber layers in the stacking direction,
When one end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the outer surface and the other end surface of the precursor in the stacking direction is the inner surface,
The first yarn includes a first constituent yarn and a second constituent yarn arranged closer to the outer surface in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn,
The second constituent yarn is arranged in the first yarn layer positioned closest to the outer surface among the first yarn layers laminated by the second yarn layer on the outer surface side,
A set of a plurality of the first yarns arranged in the stacking direction is set as a row,
When comparing the cross-sections orthogonal to the first direction of the plurality of first yarns forming the row in the precursor,
Among the first yarns adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, the first yarns arranged on the outer surface side have dimensions in the stacking direction equal to or greater than the first yarns arranged on the inner surface side,
When comparing the cross sections perpendicular to the first direction of the first constituent yarn and the second constituent yarn in the precursor,
The second constituent yarn has a larger dimension in the lamination direction than the first constituent yarn,
A method for producing a fibrous structure, wherein the flat plate portion and the bent portion are formed by bending the precursor so that the outer surface is located on the outer side of the bent portion.

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