JP2022102351A - Agricultural greenhouse structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an agricultural greenhouse structure can introduce sufficient sunlight into a greenhouse body when required even by a small translucent glass window.SOLUTION: A heliostat 15 having a reflection mirror 18 with a larger area than a translucent glass window 5 can introduce a sufficient quantity of sunlight L when required into a greenhouse body 1 from the translucent glass window 5. Therefore, output of an LED illumination 11 can be reduced or turned off while the sunlight L is introduced, power for illumination can be securely reduced for the saved output. Since the sunlight L converges in a linear P shape immediately before the translucent glass window 5, the entire sunlight L reflected by the heliostat 15 can be introduced into the greenhouse body 1 while leaving the size of the translucent glass window 5 small.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an agricultural house structure.

An impermeable, box-shaped house body such as a container is prepared, the internal temperature of the house body is ideally controlled, and the LED lighting provided inside the house body is used to artificially produce the optimum wavelength for the growth of cultivated plants. Closed-type agricultural houses that irradiate light are known.

The plants are illuminated with light of the required wavelength by LED lighting, but if all the necessary light is covered by LED lighting, the lighting power will be excessive, so a small translucent glass window is part of the house body. A part is formed, and natural sunlight is introduced from the transparent glass window in the daytime to reduce the power for lighting. Since the translucent glass window is small, the ease of temperature control in the house body can be maintained without being affected by the external environment (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-1848998

However, with such conventional related techniques, the effect of introducing sunlight is small because only the amount of sunlight corresponding to the size can be introduced into the house body through the small translucent glass window formed in the house body. , It was not possible to sufficiently reduce the lighting power.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such conventional related techniques, and to provide an agricultural house structure capable of introducing sufficient sunlight into a house body when necessary even with a small translucent glass window. It is an object.

According to the first technical aspect of the present invention, a house body having a translucent box shape and provided with a translucent glass window having a small vertical width and a large horizontal width in the east-west direction only above the north side surface. A cultivation bed installed inside the house body along the east-west direction, lighting that can irradiate the inside of the house body with artificial light of the wavelength required for the growth of cultivated plants, and a transparent light installed on the north side of the house body. It has a reflective mirror with a width equivalent to that of a light glass window and a vertical width larger than that of a transparent glass window, and reflects sunlight toward the transparent glass window while tracking the sun, and the reflected sunlight is transmitted through glass. It is characterized by having a heliostat that is introduced into the translucent glass window after condensing in a horizontal line just before the window.

According to the second technical aspect of the present invention, inside the house body, a long mirror having a width corresponding to a transparent glass window is directed from the north end corresponding to the upper end of the transparent glass window to the south side. A plurality of louver-shaped diffuser mirrors are provided so as to incline diagonally downward, and each mirror of the diffuser mirror is set at an angle to reflect the sunlight introduced from the translucent glass window toward the cultivation bed. It is characterized by being.

According to the first technical aspect of the present invention, a heliostat having a reflecting mirror having a larger area than a translucent glass window introduces a sufficient amount of sunlight from the translucent glass window into the house body when necessary. be able to. Therefore, while the sunlight is introduced, the output of the lighting can be reduced or turned off, and the power for lighting can be surely reduced accordingly. Since the sunlight reflected by the heliostat is condensed in a line just in front of the translucent glass window, all the sunlight reflected by the heliostat is introduced into the house body even if the size of the translucent glass window is small. can do.

According to the second technical aspect of the present invention, all the sunlight introduced into the house body from the translucent glass window can be reflected by the diffuser mirror and directed toward the cultivation bed side, so that the sunlight can be removed from the cultivation bed. It is efficient because there is no wasted sunlight.

A perspective view showing the house body and the heliostat. A perspective view showing a heliostat. A cross-sectional view of the house body and heliostat along the north-south direction. A cross-sectional view of the main body of the house along the east-west direction. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a translucent glass window along the SA-SA line shown in Nakaya. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a reflection mirror along the SB-SB line shown in the middle arrow. A cross-sectional view showing a state in which sunlight is reflected toward a cultivation bed by a diffusion mirror. Enlarged view showing a diffusion mirror.

1 to 8 are views showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The north, south, east, and west directions are as shown in FIG.

The house body 1 has a box shape using a container, and is installed with the longitudinal direction facing east-west. The house main body 1 has a pair of side surfaces 2 and 3 facing each other in the north-south direction and the east-west direction, and the roof surface 4 is horizontal.

Each surface of the house main body 1 has a structure in which a heat insulating material is provided between metal plates, and the heat insulating property inside the house main body 1 is maintained. Due to such a cross-sectional structure, each surface of the house body 1 is impermeable to light, and basically light from the outside does not enter the inside.

However, on the north side surface 2 of the house main body 1, two rectangular translucent glass windows 5 having a small vertical width and a large horizontal width are provided along the east-west direction. As shown in FIG. 5, the translucent glass window 5 has a structure in which a dry air layer 8 is provided between two transparent heat-resistant glasses 6 via a spacer 7, and only this portion has translucency. It has excellent heat insulation and heat resistance. Since the translucent glass window 5 is small in size and has heat insulating properties, it does not change the controlled temperature environment inside the house body 1.

Inside the house body 1, two rows of upper and lower two-tiered cultivation beds 9 along the east-west direction are provided in the north-south direction. Plants are cultivated in this cultivation bed 9. A room temperature adjusting device 10 is provided above the eastern end of the inside of the house body 1. By circulating hot and cold water in the room temperature adjusting device 10 while controlling the temperature, the inside of the house body 1 is controlled to the optimum internal temperature for cultivated plants.

Four LED lights 11 (a total of eight) are installed on the inner surfaces of the house body 1 on both sides in the north-south direction. The LED lighting 11 irradiates upward light having a wavelength optimal for the growth of cultivated plants. When there is no assistance of sunlight L described later at night or in rainy weather, it is necessary for the cultivated plant of the cultivation bed 9 while irradiating only this LED lighting 11 into the house body 1 and diffusely reflecting it inside the house body 1. It is designed to give artificial light.

A louver-shaped diffusion mirror 12 is provided on the upper part of the cultivation bed 9. The diffusion mirror 12 is provided with a plurality of long mirrors 13 having a width corresponding to the translucent glass window 5 so as to be inclined diagonally downward from the north end corresponding to the upper end of the translucent glass window 5 toward the south side. It has a structure. The angle of each mirror 13 can be changed by rotating it around the central axis 14, and is preset so that the gradual angle becomes larger with respect to the horizontal from the north side to the south side.

On the outside of the house body 1 having such a structure, two heliostats 15 are provided on the north side thereof in a state corresponding to each translucent glass window 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the heliostat 15 has a support column 16, a horizontal shaft 17 that is rotatable in the horizontal direction (H direction) with respect to the support column 16, and a rotation direction (V) in the altitude direction with respect to the horizontal shaft 17. It is composed of a reflective mirror 18 (direction).

The horizontal width of the reflection mirror 18 corresponds to the translucent glass window 5, and the vertical width is sufficiently larger than that of the translucent glass window 5. The reflection mirror 18 is composed of a plurality of divided elements, and each element is attached to a gantry 19. The angle of each element of the reflection mirror 18 changes only in the vertical direction, and the reflection mirror 18 is in a state of being curved in the vertical direction as a whole. A wavelength selection film 20 is provided on the surface of the reflection mirror 18, which reflects only the wavelength of sunlight L required for photosynthesis of cultivated plants and excludes other wavelength regions (mainly the infrared region). It is supposed to be done.

The rotation of the horizontal shaft 17 in the H direction and the rotation of the reflection mirror 18 in the V direction are controlled by motors (not shown), respectively. When it is necessary to introduce the sunlight L reflected by the heliostat 15 into the house body 1, the reflection mirror 18 is operated in conjunction with the sun S, and the sunlight L is always sent to the translucent glass window 5. Can be reflected towards.

Since the reflection mirror 18 of the heliostat 15 is curved in the vertical direction as a whole, the sunlight L reflected by the reflection mirror 18 is focused in a horizontal line P shape immediately in front of the translucent glass window 5. After that, it is introduced into the house body 1 through the translucent glass window 5. Since the sunlight L is condensed in a line P shape immediately before the translucent glass window 5, all of the sunlight L reflected by the heliostat 15 is introduced into the house body 1 even in the small translucent glass window 5. be able to.

Since the sunlight L reflected by the heliostat 15 passes through the translucent glass window 5 in a condensed state, the translucent glass window 5 is heated by the sunlight L, but there are two translucent glass windows 5. There is no problem because it is formed of the heat-resistant glass 6 of.

The sunlight L introduced into the house body 1 hits the louver-shaped diffusion mirror 12 while diffusing in the vertical direction again. Since the angle of each mirror 13 of the diffuser mirror 12 is preset so as to gradually increase with respect to the horizontal from the north side to the south side, the sunlight L introduced into the house body 1 from the translucent glass window 5 Everything can be reflected by the diffusion mirror 12 and directed to the cultivation bed 9.

For example, the sunlight L'in FIG. 7 shows the reflection direction when the angle of the mirror 13 is not changed, and is reflected by the mirror 13 unless the angle of the mirror 13 is gradually increased toward the south side in this way. The sunlight L'is wasted as it goes away from the cultivation bed 9. However, according to the diffusion mirror 12 of this embodiment, it is efficient because there is no wasteful sunlight L off the cultivation bed 9.

Since the reflected sunlight L contains the wavelength required for photosynthesis of cultivated plants, it can be reliably grown, and since unnecessary light in the infrared region is excluded, the internal temperature of the house body 1 can be adjusted. The load on the room temperature adjusting device 10 is not increased by raising the temperature more than necessary.

As described above, in the heliostat 15 having a reflection mirror 18 having a larger area than the translucent glass window 5, a sufficient amount of sunlight L is introduced into the house body 1 from the translucent glass window 5 when necessary. Can be done. Therefore, while the sunlight L is being introduced, the output of the LED lighting 11 can be reduced or turned off, and the power of the LED lighting 11 can be reliably reduced by that amount.

1 House body
2 sides (north and south)
5 Translucent glass window 9 Cultivation bed 11 LED lighting 12 Diffuse mirror 13 Mirror 15 Heliostat 18 Reflective mirror L Sunlight S Sun H Horizontal rotation V Altitude rotation P Condensing line

Claims (2)

A house body with a translucent box shape and a translucent glass window with a small vertical width and a large horizontal width in the east-west direction only above the north side.
A cultivation bed installed inside the house along the east-west direction,
Lighting that can irradiate the inside of the house with artificial light of the wavelength required for the growth of cultivated plants,
Installed on the north side of the house body, it has a reflective mirror with a width equivalent to a transparent glass window and a vertical width larger than the transparent glass window, and reflects sunlight to the transparent glass window side while tracking the sun. An agricultural house structure characterized by having a heliostat in which the reflected sunlight is focused in a horizontal line just before the translucent glass window and then introduced into the translucent glass window. Inside the main body of the house, a louver-shaped mirror with a width equivalent to that of a translucent glass window is provided so as to incline diagonally downward from the north end corresponding to the upper end of the translucent glass window. Diffuse mirror is provided,
The agricultural house structure according to claim 1, wherein each mirror of the diffusion mirror is set at an angle for reflecting sunlight introduced from a translucent glass window toward a cultivation bed.

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