JP2022047794A - Ratchet type clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ratchet type clutch that is improved in engagement performance under an oil sump environment at the time of engagement to reduce drag torque at the time of high-speed rotation.SOLUTION: A ratchet type clutch 1 includes: a first claw member 11 and a second claw member 15 held by a retainer 33 fixed to an inner peripheral part of an outer ring 3; and the retainer 33 including a discharge part for discharging lubricant from between a tooth part 7 and the first claw member 11 and lubricant from between the tooth part 7 and the second claw member 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a ratchet type clutch used as a torque transmission device in a vehicle, an industrial machine, or the like, and more particularly to a ratchet type clutch capable of switching a torque transmission direction.

Ratchet type clutches that can switch the torque transmission direction are used in a wide variety of devices due to the convenience of control. In recent years, with the development and progress of electrification of automobiles, an electric motor may be applied as a power source of a drive device. When an electric motor is used as the power source and the ratchet type clutch is made compatible with the high-speed rotation of the electric motor, for example, the meshing performance between the ratchet member and the ratchet teeth is unstable due to the oil pool around the ratchet member of the ratchet mechanism. Is mentioned.

Patent Document 1 describes a one-way clutch in which a through hole as an oil passage is provided in the vicinity of the tip end portion of the claw member to improve the movement of the claw member in an oil pool environment.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-048901

However, the one-way clutch of Patent Document 1 is concerned about the durability of the claw member at the time of meshing. Further, in the one-way clutch, there is a concern that the drag torque increases in the non-meshing state, that is, in the idling state, the viscous resistance due to the oil pool becomes stronger at the time of high speed rotation. The increase in drag torque is also one of the factors that reduce fuel consumption.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and provides a ratchet type clutch capable of improving the meshing performance in an oil pool environment at the time of meshing and reducing the drag torque at the time of high speed rotation. The task is to do.

In order to solve the above problems, the ratchet type clutch according to the present invention is
The first annular member and
A second annular member coaxially and relatively rotatable with the first annular member,
It has a ratchet mechanism capable of engaging the first annular member and the second annular member so as to be able to transmit torque.
The ratchet mechanism includes a tooth portion provided on the first annular member and a tooth portion.
A first claw member provided on the second annular member and which locks the relative rotation of the first annular member in the first rotation direction with respect to the second annular member by engaging with the tooth portion.
A second claw member provided on the second annular member and which locks the relative rotation of the first annular member in the second rotation direction with respect to the second annular member by engaging with the tooth portion. Prepare,
The first and second claw members are held by a cage fixed to the second annular member.
The cage is characterized by comprising a discharge portion for discharging the lubricating oil between the tooth portion and the first claw member and the lubricating oil between the tooth portion and the second claw member. ..

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a ratchet type clutch capable of improving the meshing performance in an oil pool environment at the time of meshing and reducing the drag torque at the time of high speed rotation.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the ratchet type clutch according to the embodiment, showing a state seen from one side in the axial direction, and is shown by cutting out a part of the cage. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged front view of the ratchet type clutch according to the embodiment, the portion hidden by the cage is shown by a broken line, and FIG. 3A shows a state in which the inner ring is fixed to the outer ring in both directions, and is shown in FIG. (B) shows the fixed state of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring in one direction, and FIG. 3 (c) shows the idling state of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring in both directions.

Hereinafter, the ratchet type clutch according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, the direction related to the ratchet type clutch in this embodiment is defined. In the present embodiment, the "central axis C" refers to the central axis C of the ratchet type clutch, that is, the axes of the outer ring and the inner ring, and the axial direction, the radial direction, and the circumferential direction are the axial direction and the radial direction with respect to the central axis C. , Refers to the circumferential direction. Regarding the axial direction, in each of FIGS. 1 and 3, the front side of the paper surface is one side in the axial direction, the back side of the paper surface is the other side in the axial direction, and the left side of the paper surface is one side in the axial direction in FIG. , The right side of the paper is the other side in the axial direction. Regarding the circumferential direction, in each of the drawings of FIGS. 1 and 3, the direction of rotating clockwise toward the paper surface is defined as one of the circumferential directions, and the direction of rotating counterclockwise toward the paper surface is defined as the other of the circumferential directions.

In this embodiment, a switchable ratchet type clutch capable of transmitting torque from the inner ring to the outer ring will be described as an example, in which the inner ring is the rotating side, the outer ring is the fixed side, and the inner ring is the driving wheel. Further, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring will be referred to.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the ratchet type clutch according to the embodiment, showing a state seen from one side in the axial direction, and is shown by cutting out a part of the cage.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged front view of the ratchet type clutch according to the embodiment, the portion hidden by the cage is shown by a broken line, and FIG. 3A shows a state in which the inner ring is fixed to the outer ring in both directions, and is shown in FIG. (B) shows the fixed state of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring in one direction, and FIG. 3 (c) shows the idling state of the inner ring with respect to the outer ring in both directions.

The switchable ratchet type clutch 1 according to the present embodiment has an annular outer ring 3 and an annular shape that is radially inward with respect to the outer ring 3 so as to be coaxial with the central axis of the outer ring 3 and rotatably relative to the outer ring 3. It has a torque transmission mechanism that enables torque transmission between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5. The torque transmission mechanism in the present embodiment is a ratchet mechanism, and includes a plurality of first claw members 11 and a plurality of second claw members 15 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3. Note that FIG. 1 shows one first claw member 11 and one second claw member 15 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.

A plurality of tooth portions 7 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 6 of the inner ring 5 at equal intervals over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. The tooth portion 7 protrudes outward in the radial direction and extends in the central axis C direction. The tooth portion 7 has a predetermined circumferential width. The tooth portion 7 constitutes a ratchet tooth in which the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 mesh with each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the wall on one side in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 7 constitutes a first meshing portion 7a that meshes with the first claw member 11, and the peripheral direction of the tooth portion 7 is formed. The wall on the other side constitutes a second meshing portion 7b that meshes with the second claw member 15. Further, the groove portion 8 extending in the axial direction is formed by the two tooth portions 7 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Specifically, the portion of the outer peripheral surface 6 of the inner ring 5 between the first meshing portion 7a and the second meshing portion 7b facing the circumferential direction and the first meshing portion 7a and the second meshing portion 7b. The groove 8 is formed by the above. The groove portion 8 has a circumferential width equivalent to that of the tooth portion 7.

A shaft hole 9 is formed in the central portion of the inner ring 5, and a drive shaft (not shown) such as an electric motor (not shown) is fitted in the shaft hole 9.

A spline 10 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the outer ring 3, and a shaft (not shown) connected to the driven side device (not shown) to which a driving force such as an electric motor (not shown) is transmitted is formed on the spline 10. Is fitted. Alternatively, the outer ring 3 can be fixed and the ratchet type clutch 1 can be used as a backstop.

The first claw member 11 has a central portion 12 extending in the axial direction, a claw portion 13 extending from the central portion 12 toward the other side in the circumferential direction, and a claw portion 13 extending from the central portion 12 toward one side in the circumferential direction. It has a protruding portion 14 to be formed. The claw portion 13 and the protruding portion 14 have the same circumferential length and radial thickness. The central portion 12, the claw portion 13, and the protruding portion 14 are integrally formed. The first claw member 11 is rotatably held on the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3 with the central portion 12 as the center of rotation. The inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3 is provided with a recess 25 that opens inward in the radial direction, and the first claw member 11 is arranged at a position where the protruding portion 14 enters the recess 25. In the first claw member 11, the claw portion 13 is urged inward in the radial direction by a coiled spring 27. In FIG. 1, when the inner ring 5 rotates clockwise, the claw portion 13 meshes with the first meshing portion 7a of the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 in the groove portion 8. On the other hand, when the inner ring 5 rotates counterclockwise, the first claw member 11 is pushed outward in the radial direction by the tooth portions 7 of the inner ring 5 against the urging force of the spring 27, and allows the inner ring 5 to rotate. As a result, the first claw member 11 locks the rotation of one of the inner rings 5 in the circumferential direction, and enables the rotation of the other in the circumferential direction of the inner ring 5.

The second claw member 15 has a central portion 16 extending in the axial direction, a claw portion 18 extending from the central portion 16 toward one side in the circumferential direction, and a claw portion 18 extending from the central portion 16 toward the other side in the circumferential direction. It has a protruding portion 17 to be formed. The claw portion 18 and the protruding portion 17 have the same circumferential length and radial thickness. The central portion 16, the claw portion 18, and the protruding portion 17 are integrally formed. The second claw member 15 is rotatably held on the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3 with the central portion 16 as the center of rotation. The inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3 is provided with a recess 29 that opens inward in the radial direction, and the second claw member 15 is arranged at a position where the protruding portion 17 enters the recess 29. In the second claw member 15, the claw portion 18 is urged inward in the radial direction by a coil-shaped spring 31. In FIG. 1, when the inner ring 5 rotates counterclockwise, the claw portion 18 meshes with the second meshing portion 7b of the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 in the groove portion 8. On the other hand, when the inner ring 5 rotates clockwise, the second claw member 15 is pushed outward in the radial direction by the tooth portions 7 of the inner ring 5 against the urging force of the spring 31, allowing the inner ring 5 to rotate. As a result, the second claw member 15 locks the rotation of the inner ring 5 in the circumferential direction and enables the rotation of the inner ring 5 in the circumferential direction.

As described above, the ratchet mechanism is formed by the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 held on the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3, the springs 27 and 31, and the tooth portion 7 formed on the inner ring 5. It is configured. In this embodiment, 10 first claw members 11 are provided and 2 second claw members 15 are provided. The two second claw members 15 are provided at positions facing each other with respect to the central axis C.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of first claw members 11, the plurality of springs 27, the plurality of second claw members 15, and the plurality of springs 31 are held on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 3 via the cage 33. ing. Specifically, the plurality of first and second claw members 11 and 15 are held by an annular cage 33 fitted to the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cage 33 includes a plate-shaped first annular portion 35 arranged adjacent to the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5 on one side in the axial direction of the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5, and the outer ring 3 and the cage 33. The inner ring 5 has a plate-shaped second annular portion 37 arranged adjacent to the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5 on the other side in the axial direction. The first annular portion 35 and the second annular portion 37 are arranged coaxially with the central axis C. The first annular portion 35 and the second annular portion 37 face each other in the axial direction via the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5. On one surface of the second annular portion 37 in the axial direction, a first holding portion 39 for holding a first claw member 11 and a spring 27 for urging the first claw member 11 and a second claw A second holding portion 43 for holding the member 15 and the spring 31 for urging the second claw member 15 is formed so as to project to one side in the axial direction. The second annular portion 37, the first holding portion 39, and the second holding portion 43 are integrally formed. The first holding portion 39 holds the first claw member 11 and the spring 27 in the radial direction. The second holding portion 43 holds the second claw member 15 and the spring 31 in the radial direction.

The first holding portion 39 has a substantially L-shaped portion 40 whose one side in the circumferential direction and the inner side in the radial direction are open. The spring 27 is held by a substantially L-shaped portion 40. The first holding portion 39 has an extending portion 41 extending from the inner diameter side end portion of the substantially L-shaped portion 40 toward the other side in the circumferential direction. The extending portion 41 is formed on the inner diameter side edge portion of the second annular portion 37. The extending portion 41 is a protruding portion 14 when the protruding portion 14 of the other first claw member 11 (not shown) arranged on the other side in the circumferential direction of the first holding portion 39 swings inward in the radial direction. Has a function as a stopper for preventing the inner ring 5 from engaging with the tooth portion 7.

The second holding portion 43 has a substantially L-shaped portion 44 in which the other side in the circumferential direction and the inward side in the radial direction are open. The spring 31 is held by a substantially L-shaped portion 44. The second holding portion 43 has an extending portion 45 extending from the inner diameter side end portion of the substantially L-shaped portion 44 toward one side in the circumferential direction. The extending portion 45 is formed on the inner diameter side edge portion of the second annular portion 37. The extending portion 45 is continuous with the substantially L-shaped portion 40 of the other first holding portion 39 arranged on one side in the circumferential direction of the second holding portion 43.

The surface of the second annular portion 37 on one side in the axial direction further has a predetermined length in the circumferential direction at the intermediate portion between the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43, and projects to one side in the axial direction. An intermediate protrusion 47 is formed. The intermediate protrusion 47 is formed on the inner diameter side edge portion of the second annular portion 37. The second annular portion 37 and the intermediate protrusion 47 are integrally formed. The inner diameter side surface of the intermediate protrusion 47 faces the tooth portion 7 and the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5 in the radial direction via a predetermined gap. The intermediate protrusion 47 includes the protrusion 14 of the first claw member 11 and the protrusion 14 of the first claw member 11 when the protrusion 14 of the first claw member 11 and the protrusion 17 of the second claw member 15 swing inward in the radial direction, respectively. It has a function as a stopper for preventing the protruding portion 17 of the second claw member 15 from engaging with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5.

On one surface of the second annular portion 37 in the axial direction, the first holding portion 39, the second holding portion 43, and the intermediate projecting portion 47 are provided with the number of the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15. The required number of each is formed in the appropriate position to suit the placement condition.

A convex portion 49 projecting on one side in the axial direction is formed on the end surface of each of the predetermined first holding portion 39, the second holding portion 43, and the intermediate projecting portion 47 on one side in the axial direction. In this embodiment, a total of 10 convex portions 49 are formed. These 10 convex portions 49 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The first annular portion 35 of the cage 33 is formed with 10 through holes 51 corresponding to the convex portions 49. Each convex portion 49 is inserted into a corresponding through hole 51. As a result, the first annular portion 35, the second annular portion 37, the first holding portion 39, the second holding portion 43, and the intermediate protruding portion 47 are integrated to form the cage 33. Further, the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 are axially sandwiched by the first annular portion 35 and the second annular portion 37, whereby the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 12 are sandwiched in the axial direction. 15 is rotatably held by the cage 33 with the central portion 12 and the central portion 16 as rotation centers, respectively. That is, the first annular portion 35 and the second annular portion 37 hold the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 in the axial direction.

The inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3 is formed in a shape corresponding to the shapes of the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43 of the cage 33. Specifically, the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3 has a shape that contacts the substantially L-shaped portion 40 of the first holding portion 39 and the outer diameter side surface of the extending portion 41, and the substantially L of the second holding portion 43. It has a shape that contacts the outer diameter side surface of the character-shaped portion 44 and the extending portion 45. The portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3 between the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43 has a portion that contacts the central portion of the outer diameter side surface of the intermediate protruding portion 47 when viewed from the axial direction. At the same time, the recess 29 is radially opposed to the circumferential one-sided portion of the outer diameter side surface of the intermediate protrusion 47, and the concave portion 29 is radially opposed to the circumferential other side portion of the outer diameter side surface of the intermediate protrusion 47. A recess 25 is formed.

The second annular portion 37 of the cage 33 has a shaft from the other side in the axial direction of the outer ring 3 so that the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43 are fitted into the corresponding shaped portions of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3, respectively. It is fitted to the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 3 toward one side in the direction. The second annular portion 37 is fitted to the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 3 until the surface on one side in the axial direction contacts the end surface on the other side in the axial direction of the outer ring 3. Further, in this state, by fitting the through hole 51 of the first annular portion 35 into the convex portion 49 on the side of the second annular portion 37, the surface of the first annular portion 35 on the other side in the axial direction is in the axial direction of the outer ring 3. The first annular portion 35 is integrally fixed with the second annular portion 37 in a state of being in contact with the end surface on one side. With such a configuration, the cage 33 is fixed to the outer ring 3 in a state where relative rotation and axial movement with respect to the outer ring 3 are restricted. Further, the shape of the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43 of the cage 33 is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3 without providing the first holding portion 39 and the second holding portion 43 in the cage 33. In the radial direction, the first claw member 11 and the spring 27, and the second claw member 15 and the spring 31 may be held directly to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3.

In the switching type ratchet type clutch 1 according to the present embodiment, an annular switching plate 55 is arranged coaxially with the inner ring 5 and adjacent to one side in the axial direction of the inner ring 5. The switching plate 55 is a member for switching the locking direction of the rotation of the inner ring 5 with respect to the outer ring 3. In other words, the switching plate 55 is a member for switching the torque transmission direction from the inner ring 5 to the outer ring 3. The switching plate 55 is provided so as to be rotatable about a central axis C within a predetermined angle range.

The switching plate 55 is arranged between the first annular portion 35 of the cage 33 and the inner ring 5 on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 3 and in the axial position, and one surface of the switching plate 55 in the axial direction is the cage 33. It slides on the other surface of the first annular portion 35 in the axial direction. A cylindrical protruding portion 38 projecting to the other side in the axial direction is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the first annular portion 35 of the cage 33, and the inner peripheral surface of the switching plate 55 slides on the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion 38. Fits as possible. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 38 of the cage 33 constitutes a guide for the rotation of the switching plate 55.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c), on the outer peripheral surface of the switching plate 55, a plurality of first projecting portions 57 and a plurality of first projecting portions 57 projecting outward in the radial direction and having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction. A second protrusion 61 is provided. The plurality of first protrusions 57 are provided corresponding to the plurality of first claw members 11, and the plurality of second protrusions 61 are provided corresponding to the plurality of second claw members 15, respectively. Has been done. The first protrusion 57 and the second protrusion 61 are arranged at radial positions corresponding to the tooth portion 7 and the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5. The outer peripheral surface 58 of the first protruding portion 57 and the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protruding portion 61 are radially opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3. Further, the outer peripheral surface 58 of the first protruding portion 57 can come into contact with the inner diameter side surface of the first claw member 11, and the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protruding portion 61 is the second claw member 15. It can contact the surface on the inner diameter side.

The first protruding portion 57 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the axial direction, and when located on the inner diameter side of the corresponding first claw member 11 by the rotation of the switching plate 55, the outer peripheral surface of the first protruding portion 57 is formed. 58 comes into contact with the inner diameter side surface of the first claw member 11, and pushes up and holds the inner diameter side surface of the first claw member 11 toward the outer diameter side of the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5. As a result, the first protruding portion 57 prevents the first claw member 11 from engaging with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5.

The second protruding portion 61 has a gentle slope 63 on the other side in the circumferential direction connecting the outer peripheral surface of the switching plate 55 and the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protruding portion 61 when viewed from one side in the axial direction. It is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as a whole. When the second protrusion 61 is located on the inner diameter side of the second claw member 15 corresponding to the rotation of the switching plate 55, the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protrusion 61 is on the inner diameter side of the second claw member 15. The surface of the second claw member 15 on the inner diameter side is pushed up and held on the outer diameter side of the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 in contact with the surface of the inner ring 5. As a result, the second protruding portion 61 prevents the second claw member 15 from engaging with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5.

The switching plate 55 changes the circumferential position of the first protrusion 57 with respect to the first claw member 11 and the second protrusion 61 with respect to the second claw member 15 by rotating. As a result, the combined state of contact or non-contact between the first protruding portion 57 and the second protruding portion 61 with respect to the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 is changed, and the contact or non-contact state with respect to the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 is changed. The combination of the meshed state and the non-engaged state of the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 is changed. The ratchet type one-way clutch 1 of the present embodiment has the following 3 by changing the combination of the meshed state and the non-engaged state of the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 with respect to the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5. It can take one state.

In the first state of the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first protruding portion 57 of the switching plate 55 is in non-contact with the first claw member 11, and the second state is The protruding portion 61 of the above is in a non-contact state with the second claw member 15. In this state, the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 mesh with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 by the urging force of the springs 27 and 31, respectively. In this state, the inner ring 5 is in a state in which the rotation in either the circumferential direction or the circumferential direction is locked with respect to the outer ring 3. Therefore, torque in one direction and torque in the other direction are transmitted from the inner ring 5 to the outer ring 3.

In the second state of the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, the switching plate 55 rotates by a predetermined angle from the first state to the other in the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the first state of the switching plate 55. The protruding portion 57 is in non-contact with the first claw member 11, and the second protruding portion 61 is in contact with the second claw member 15. At this time, according to the rotation of the switching plate 55, the tip end portion of the claw portion 18 of the second claw member 15 slides on the slope 63 of the second protruding portion 61 in the circumferential direction, and the tip end portion of the claw portion 18 The portion moves to the other end portion in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protruding portion 61. As a result, the second claw portion 15 rotates about the central portion 16, and the claw portion 18 is pushed up and held radially outward. In this state, the first claw member 11 meshes with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 by the urging force of the spring 27, and the second claw member 15 does not mesh with the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5. In this state, the inner ring 5 can rotate in the other direction in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer ring 3, and the rotation in one direction in the circumferential direction is locked. Therefore, torque in one direction is transmitted from the inner ring 5 to the outer ring 3, and torque in the other direction is not transmitted.

In the third state of the ratchet type one-way clutch 1 of the present embodiment, the switching plate 55 rotates by a predetermined angle from the second state to the other in the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIG. 3C, the first switching plate 55 The protruding portion 57 is in contact with the first claw member 11, and the second protruding portion 61 is in contact with the second claw member 15. At this time, according to the rotation of the switching plate 55, the ridge portion 59 on the other side in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 58 of the first protruding portion 57 is on the inner diameter side of the central portion 12 and the claw portion 13 of the first claw member 11. The surface slides toward the other in the circumferential direction and moves to the vicinity of the other end in the circumferential direction of the surface on the inner diameter side of the claw portion 13. As a result, the first claw member 11 rotates about the central portion 12, and the claw portion 13 is pushed up and held outward in the radial direction. Further, in the second protruding portion 61, the outer peripheral surface 62 of the second protruding portion 61 is the second claw member while the claw portion 18 of the second claw member 15 is pushed outward in the radial direction. The inner diameter side surface of the claw portion 18 and the central portion 16 of 15 is moved toward the other side in the circumferential direction. The second protruding portion 61 moves to a position where the other end in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 62 corresponds to the other end in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter side surface of the central portion 16 of the second claw member 15. In this state, both the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 are in a non-meshing state with respect to the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5. In this state, the inner ring 5 is not locked to the outer ring 3 in either the circumferential direction or the circumferential direction, and can rotate in either the circumferential direction or the circumferential direction. .. Therefore, neither torque in one direction nor torque in the other direction is transmitted from the inner ring 5 to the outer ring 3.

The rotation of the switching plate 55 is performed by, for example, an actuator (not shown). The switching plate 55 is connected to an actuator (not shown) in which the switching support portion 65 is not shown, and the switching plate 55 is rotated around the central axis C by the actuator, whereby the switching type ratchet type clutch 1 has the above-mentioned three. Switch to any of the states.

In the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, lubricating oil (not shown) for lubrication is supplied to the space between the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 5 by an oil pump (not shown). As a result, lubricating oil for lubrication is also supplied between the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 and the tooth portion 7 and the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5. In the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, the lubricating oil supplied between the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 and the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5 is supplied from the groove portion 8 to the outside of the groove portion 8, that is, the ratchet type clutch. It is provided with a lubricating oil discharge mechanism for discharging to the outside of 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment is provided with an oil hole 68 for discharging lubricating oil at a predetermined position of the first annular portion 35 of the cage 33. The oil hole 68 has a circular cross-sectional shape and is formed so as to penetrate the first annular portion 35 of the cage 33 in the axial direction. In the present embodiment, 10 oil holes 68 are provided corresponding to the respective first claw members 11. Hereinafter, one oil hole 68 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C, but the other oil holes 68 have the same configuration.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the oil hole 68 corresponds to the radial position of the first protrusion 57 of the switching plate 55 with respect to the radial position when viewed from the axial direction. Therefore, the oil hole 68 corresponds to the radial position of the tooth portion 7 and the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5 with respect to the radial position. Further, the oil hole 68 corresponds to the circumferential position of the protruding portion 14 of the first claw member 11 with respect to the circumferential position. The oil hole 68 has a diameter smaller than the circumferential length dimension of the first protrusion 57 and smaller than the radial height dimension of the first protrusion 57.

The ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the oil hole 68 is opened and closed by the first protruding portion 57 of the switching plate 55 that slides with respect to the first annular portion 35 of the cage 33. Specifically, the oil hole 68 is closed or opened, that is, penetrated by the first protruding portion 57 whose circumferential position is changed by the rotation of the switching plate 55.

When the ratchet type clutch 1 is in the first state shown in FIG. 3A, that is, the first protruding portion 57 of the switching plate 55 is not in contact with the first claw member 11, and the second protruding portion 61 is When not in contact with the second claw member 15, the first protruding portion 57 is located on one side in the circumferential direction with respect to the oil hole 68. In this state, the oil hole 68 is open, and the lubricating oil is discharged from the groove 8 of the inner ring 8 to the outside of the ratchet type clutch 1.

When the ratchet type clutch 1 is in the second state shown in FIG. 3B, that is, the first protruding portion 57 of the switching plate 55 is not in contact with the first claw member 11, and the second protruding portion 61 is When in contact with the second claw member 15, the first protrusion 57 is arranged at a circumferential position corresponding to the oil hole 68. In this state, the oil hole 68 is closed by the first protruding portion 57, and the lubricating oil is not discharged from the groove portion 8 of the inner ring 5.

When the ratchet type clutch 1 is in the third state shown in FIG. 3C, that is, the first protruding portion 57 of the switching plate 55 comes into contact with the first claw member 11, and the second protruding portion 61 is second. The first protruding portion 57 is located on the other side in the circumferential direction with respect to the oil hole 68 when in contact with the claw member 15. In this state, the oil hole 68 is open, and the lubricating oil is discharged from the groove 8 of the inner ring 5 to the outside of the ratchet type clutch 1.

As described above, the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment is a combination of the meshed state and the non-engaged state of the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 with respect to the tooth portion 7 of the inner ring 5 by the rotation of the switching plate 55. By changing the torque transmission direction and switching the torque transmission direction, the lubricating oil is appropriately discharged from the groove 8 of the inner ring 5. As a result, when the ratchet type clutch 1 is in the first state shown in FIG. 3A, the teeth of the first claw member 11, the second claw member 15, and the inner ring 7 are provided by the lubricating oil accumulated in the groove 8 of the inner ring 5. It is possible to prevent the meshing with the portion 7 from becoming unstable and to exhibit high meshing performance.

Further, in the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, since it is not necessary to provide an oil passage in the first claw member 11 itself or the second claw member 15 itself, the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 do not need to be provided. It is possible to cope with meshing while maintaining the rigidity of. Therefore, the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment can exhibit excellent durability without damaging the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 even in meshing.

Further, in the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment, the state shown in FIG. 3C, that is, the inner ring 5 can rotate with respect to the outer ring 3 in either the circumferential direction or the circumferential direction, and the inner ring 5 can rotate. Lubricating oil is discharged from the groove 8 of the inner ring 5 in a state of idling. Therefore, the ratchet type clutch 1 of the present embodiment can prevent the drag torque from increasing because the lubricating oil does not stay in the groove 8 when idling. As a result, the drag torque at high speed rotation can be reduced, which can contribute to the improvement of fuel efficiency.
Further, when the inner ring 5 is rotated at high speed, heat is generated in the rolling bearing (not shown) and the sliding bearing (not shown) that support the rotation of the inner ring 5, but the lubricating oil is discharged from the inside of the ratchet type clutch 1. Therefore, the heat of the bearing portion can be exhausted. As a result, it leads to improvement of bearing durability performance at high speed rotation.

The ratchet type clutch 1 according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified. For example, the ratchet type clutch 1 has a configuration in which a tooth portion is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring 3 and a plurality of first and second claw members that mesh with the tooth portion are held by a cage fixed to the inner ring 5. You can also do it. Further, the number of the first claw member 11 and the second claw member 15 can be appropriately designed and set according to the torque capacity of the ratchet type clutch 1. Further, although one oil hole 68 is provided for one first claw member 11 in the above embodiment, the number of oil holes 68 should be appropriately designed and set according to the torque capacity, the magnitude of the drag torque, and the like. Can be done. For example, an oil hole corresponding to the second claw member 15 may be further provided.

1 Ratchet type clutch 3 Outer ring 5 Inner ring 7 Tooth part 8 Groove part 11 First claw member 15 Second claw member 33 Cage 35 First annular part 37 Second annular part 49 Convex part 51 Through hole 55 Switching plate 57 First Projection 61 Second protrusion 68 Oil hole

Claims (9)

The first annular member and
A second annular member coaxially and relatively rotatable with the first annular member,
It has a ratchet mechanism capable of engaging the first annular member and the second annular member so as to be able to transmit torque.
The ratchet mechanism includes a tooth portion provided on the first annular member and a tooth portion.
A first claw member provided on the second annular member and which locks the relative rotation of the first annular member in the first rotation direction with respect to the second annular member by engaging with the tooth portion.
A second claw member provided on the second annular member and which locks the relative rotation of the first annular member in the second rotation direction with respect to the second annular member by engaging with the tooth portion. Prepare,
The first and second claw members are held by a cage fixed to the second annular member.
The cage is characterized by comprising a discharge portion for discharging the lubricating oil between the tooth portion and the first claw member and the lubricating oil between the tooth portion and the second claw member. Ratchet type clutch. The ratchet type clutch according to claim 1, wherein the first annular member and the second annular member are an inner ring and an outer ring arranged so as to face each other in the radial direction. The cage has an annular portion coaxially arranged with the outer ring and the inner ring and adjacent to one side of the outer ring and the inner ring in the axial direction.
The annular portion is provided with a through hole at a radial position corresponding to the tooth portion.
The ratchet type clutch according to claim 2, wherein the discharge portion includes the through hole. It has a switching mechanism that can switch the torque transmission direction between the inner ring and the outer ring.
The switching mechanism has an annular member arranged coaxially with the inner ring and between the annular portion of the cage and the inner ring at an axial position.
The annular member can slide and rotate with the surface of the annular portion on the other side in the axial direction of the cage, and the first claw member is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the annular member from the tooth portion. A first protruding portion that can be pushed outward in the radial direction to prevent meshing with the tooth portion is formed.
The ratchet according to claim 3, wherein the through hole is switched between a closed state and a penetrating state by the first protruding portion whose circumferential position is changed by the rotation of the annular member. Type clutch. On the outer peripheral surface of the annular member, a second protruding portion capable of pushing the second claw member radially outward from the tooth portion to prevent meshing with the tooth portion is formed.
In the through hole, the first claw member is pushed up radially outward from the tooth portion by the first protrusion, and the second claw member is pushed up by the second protrusion to the tooth. The ratchet type clutch according to claim 4, wherein the ratchet type clutch is in a penetrating state when it is pushed up radially outward from the portion. The ratchet type clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and second claw members are held by the cage in the axial direction and the radial direction. The ratchet mechanism has an elastic member that urges the first and second claw members to the first annular member, respectively.
The ratchet type clutch according to claim 6, wherein the elastic member is held by the cage. One of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and second claw members are held by the cage in the axial direction and directly held by the second annular member in the radial direction. The ratchet type clutch described in the section. The ratchet mechanism has an elastic member that urges the first and second claw members to the first annular member, respectively.
The ratchet type clutch according to claim 8, wherein the elastic member is directly held by the second annular member.

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