JP2021515795A - N−アルキル−ニトラトエチルニトラミンの製造方法 - Google Patents
N−アルキル−ニトラトエチルニトラミンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015854 Heliotropium curassavicum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000301682 Heliotropium curassavicum Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001649081 Dina Species 0.000 abstract 1
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCNCCO MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 7
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
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- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen tetraoxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)[N+]([O-])=O WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006000 Knoevenagel condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007239 Wittig reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCZMXVGQBBATMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro acetate Chemical class CC(=O)O[N+]([O-])=O JCZMXVGQBBATMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CC ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C241/00—Preparation of compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C243/00—Compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
- C07C243/04—N-nitroso compounds
- C07C243/06—N-nitroso-amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C241/00—Preparation of compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
- C07C241/02—Preparation of hydrazines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/002—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects, e.g. avoiding explosions, or improving the yield by suppressing side-reactions
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- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
- B01J3/042—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves in the form of a tube
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- C07C243/02—N-nitro compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
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- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00788—Three-dimensional assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a form other than a stack of plates
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Abstract
Description
式(II)の化合物:
硝酸との反応と、
その後、連続工程で少なくとも1つの酸無水物と塩化物含有触媒の混合物との反応を含み、反応は、大気圧より0.5bar高い圧力から大気圧より80bar高い圧力までの圧力で実行されることを特徴とする。
87%硝酸を流速23mL/分で、28秒の滞留時間で−6℃に冷却し、第2のマイクロリアクターに搬送する。ここで、−6℃で、11.5g/分のN−エチル−エタノールアミン(EEA)が事前に冷却された硝酸内に計量供給される。30秒の滞留時間後、1体積%の塩酸(水中37%塩酸)が混合された無水酢酸が、70g/分の流量で、得られた反応混合物に導入される。混合物を32℃でさらに34秒間維持し、15℃で155g/分の水の流入で急冷する。粗生成物は、(アミンに基づいて)92mol%の収率で、98%のHPLCによる純度で得られる。これらの試験条件下での反応器全体の圧力は、測定点にもよるが、4.5〜11barである。
85%硝酸を、流速30mL/分で、20秒の滞留時間で−6℃に冷却し、第2のマイクロリアクターに搬送する。そこで、−6℃で、9.5g/分のN−メチルエタノールアミン/N−エチルエタノールアミン(MEA/EEA:60/40重量%)を、事前に冷却した硝酸に計量供給する。15秒の滞留時間の後、1重量%の塩化亜鉛(II)が混合された無水酢酸が、85g/分の流量で、得られた反応混合物に導入される。混合物を32℃でさらに29秒間維持し、15℃で155g/分の水の流入で3秒間にわたって急冷する。粗生成物は、(アミンに基づいて)90mol%の収率であり、HPLCによる98%の純度であり、42重量%のエチル−NENAと58重量%のメチル−NENAの重量比で得られる。これらの試験条件下での反応器全体の圧力は、測定点に応じて、4.5〜12barである。
85%硝酸を、流速30mL/分で、20秒の滞留時間で−6℃に冷却し、第2のマイクロリアクターに移送し、そこで、−6℃で10.0g/分のN−メチルエタノールアミン/N−エチルエタノールアミン(MEA/EEA:50/50重量%)を、事前に冷却した硝酸に計量供給する。15秒の滞留時間後、1体積%の塩酸(水中37%塩酸)が混合された無水酢酸が、80g/分の流量で、得られた反応混合物に導入される。混合物を32℃でさらに30秒間維持し、150g/分の8%水酸化ナトリウム溶液の流入で、20℃で3秒間急冷する。粗生成物は、94mol%(アミンに基づく)の収率で、HPLCによる純度が98.5%であり、52重量%のエチル−NENA対48重量%のメチル−NENAの重量比で得られる。これらの試験条件下での反応器全体の圧力は、測定点に応じて、4.5〜12.5barである。
第1のマイクロリアクターでは、99%硝酸を26mL/分の流量で、24秒間にわたって、−6℃に冷却する。次に、冷却された酸を、−6℃の水6.0mLで18秒かけて希釈する。次に、このように混合された87%硝酸を滞留時間19秒で−6℃に調整し、第2のマイクロリアクターに搬送する。ここで、−6℃で、13g/分のN−エチルエタノールアミン(EEA)を予め冷却された希硝酸中に計量供給する。13秒の滞留時間の後、1体積%の塩酸(水中37%の塩酸)が混合された無水酢酸が、80g/分の流量で、得られた反応混合物に導入される。混合物を33℃でさらに29秒間維持し、20℃で155g/分の水の流入で3秒間にわたって急冷する。粗生成物は、HPLCによる97%の純度で(アミンに基づいて)90mol%の収率で得られる。これらの試験条件下での反応器全体の圧力は、測定点に応じて、4.5〜12.5barである。
2a 第2のマイクロリアクターのマイクロリアクターモジュール
2b 第2のマイクロリアクターのマイクロリアクターモジュール
3a 第3のマイクロリアクターのマイクロリアクターモジュール
3b 第3のマイクロリアクターのマイクロリアクターモジュール
4 第4のマイクロリアクターのマイクロリアクターモジュール
5 硝酸の供給
6 アミンの供給
7 無水酢酸と塩化物含有触媒の供給
8 水またはアルカリ水溶液(急冷液)の供給
9 後処理/分離
Claims (16)
- 反応後、反応混合物を水またはアルカリ水溶液と接触させることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- Rがメチル、エチルまたはブチル基または式−CH2−CH2−O−NO2の基であり、R’がメチル、エチルまたはブチル基または式−CH2−CH2−OHの基であることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応が1つ以上の連続流動反応器で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応が1つまたは複数の管型反応器で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応が1つまたは複数のマイクロリアクターで行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応が、大気圧よりも0.5bar高い圧力から大気圧より18bar高い圧力まで、好ましくは大気圧よりも3〜12bar高い圧力で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 硝酸との反応が−20℃〜30℃の温度、特に−10℃〜10℃の温度または−15℃〜−5℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの酸無水物と塩化物含有触媒との混合物との反応が20℃〜60℃の温度、特に27℃〜36度の温度または25℃〜35℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 酸無水物として無水酢酸を使用することを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 塩化水素が塩化物含有触媒として使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項11までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応に使用される硝酸が、水中で75から96%の濃度で使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項12までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- エチル−NENA(R=エチル)およびメチル−NENA(R=メチル)の混合物が製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項13までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 複数の同一または異なるマイクロリアクターが次々と直列に接続されていることを特徴とする、特に、少なくとも2つ(特に、少なくとも3つ)のマイクロリアクターが直列に接続されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項14までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 式(II)の化合物と硝酸との間の反応がマイクロリアクターにおいて連続工程として行われ、前記マイクロリアクターからの生成物がさらなるマイクロリアクターに連続的に移され、前記さらなるマイクロリアクターにおいては少なくとも1つの酸無水物と塩化物含有触媒が添加されることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項15までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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EP18162059.2A EP3539943A1 (de) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von n-alkyl-nitratoethylnitraminen |
PCT/EP2019/056379 WO2019175296A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2019-03-14 | Process for the preparation of n-alkyl-nitratoethylnitramines |
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CN111559964B (zh) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-04-20 | 启东市新晨企业管理咨询有限公司 | 一种硝酸甘油的绿色制备方法 |
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US2678946A (en) * | 1944-12-30 | 1954-05-18 | Us Navy | Process of preparing nitroxy alkyl nitramines |
EP1196374A1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-04-17 | Dyno Nobel ASA | Process of preparing a high-energy softening agent |
CN101698646A (zh) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 西安万德化工有限公司 | 一种硝酸异辛酯的连续生产工艺 |
US20110034720A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-02-10 | Sascha Braune | Formation of nitrate esters in microreactors and millireactors using a continuous product extraction in a turbulent flow regime |
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US6262301B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2001-07-17 | Dyno Asa Forsvarsprodukter | Process of preparing a high-energy softening agent |
EP2172260A1 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-07 | Corning Incorporated | Multiple flow path microfluidic devices |
WO2013074326A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-23 | Corning Incorporated | Methods for asymmetric epoxidation using flow reactors |
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US2678946A (en) * | 1944-12-30 | 1954-05-18 | Us Navy | Process of preparing nitroxy alkyl nitramines |
EP1196374A1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-04-17 | Dyno Nobel ASA | Process of preparing a high-energy softening agent |
US20110034720A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-02-10 | Sascha Braune | Formation of nitrate esters in microreactors and millireactors using a continuous product extraction in a turbulent flow regime |
CN101698646A (zh) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 西安万德化工有限公司 | 一种硝酸异辛酯的连续生产工艺 |
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RS64534B1 (sr) | 2023-09-29 |
KR20200133759A (ko) | 2020-11-30 |
CA3092426A1 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
KR102610017B1 (ko) | 2023-12-06 |
EP3765440B1 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
US20190284131A1 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
JP7186792B2 (ja) | 2022-12-09 |
AU2019233659B2 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
HRP20231004T1 (hr) | 2023-12-08 |
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ES2960802T3 (es) | 2024-03-06 |
PL3765440T3 (pl) | 2023-12-27 |
EP3539943A1 (de) | 2019-09-18 |
WO2019175296A1 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
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