JP2021148649A - Abnormality detection device and abnormality detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an abnormality detection device which can detect an abnormality of a rotating mechanism caused by the seizure of a bearing and the wear of a gear, and an abnormality detection method.SOLUTION: When detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism 104 having a rotating shaft 101, a bearing 102 for rotatably supporting the rotating shaft 101, and a gear 103 rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 101, an actual rotation variation characteristic at the rotation of the rotating shaft 101 at a specified rotation number is compared with a normal rotation variation characteristic, when an upper shift amount of the actual rotation variation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation variation characteristic is equal to, or larger than a bearing abnormality determination threshold, an abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 resulting from the seizure of the bearing 102 is detected, and when an amplitude increase amount of the actual rotation variation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation variation characteristic is equal to, or larger than a gear abnormality determination threshold, the abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 resulting from the wear of the gear 103 is detected, thus solving a problem.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotation mechanism and an abnormality detection method.

In a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, an abnormality may occur due to seizure of the bearing or wear of the gear. For example, seizure of bearings is likely to occur when the supply of lubricating oil to bearings is insufficient, and wear of gears is likely to occur with aging deterioration.

JP-A-2017-175775

It is desirable to detect abnormalities in the rotating mechanism caused by seizure of bearings and wear of gears.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an abnormality detection device and an abnormality detection method capable of detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism caused by seizure of a bearing or wear of a gear.

An abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is specific. The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at the number of rotations is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and when the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or more than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value, the above. Provided is an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of the rotating mechanism caused by seizure of a bearing.

Further, an abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is When the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold value. Provided is an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of the rotating mechanism caused by wear of the gear.

Further, an abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is When the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. , The abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by the seizure of the bearing is detected, and when the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or more than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, it is caused by the wear of the gear. Provided is an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of the rotating mechanism.

Further, it is an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. When the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. , Provide an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by seizure of the bearing.

Further, it is an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. When the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold value. , Provide an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by wear of the gear.

Further, it is an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. When the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when rotating at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. , The abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by the seizure of the bearing is detected, and when the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or more than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, it is caused by the wear of the gear. Provided is an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality of the rotation mechanism.

It is desirable that the rotation fluctuation characteristic is a torque vs. rotation angle characteristic or a rotation angular velocity vs. rotation angle characteristic.

It is desirable to notify the abnormality of the rotation mechanism.

It is possible to provide an abnormality detecting device and an abnormality detecting method capable of detecting an abnormality of a rotating mechanism caused by seizure of a bearing or wear of a gear.

It is a figure explaining the abnormality detection device. It is a figure explaining the rotation fluctuation characteristic, (a) is a normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, (b) is a rotation fluctuation characteristic when a bearing seizure occurs, (c) is a case where a gear wear occurs. Shows rotational fluctuation characteristics. It is a figure explaining the abnormality detection method. It is a figure explaining the abnormality detection method.

[Abnormality detection device]
As shown in FIG. 1, the abnormality detection device 100 is a rotation mechanism 104 having a rotation shaft 101, a bearing 102 that rotatably supports the rotation shaft 101, and a gear 103 that rotates integrally with the rotation shaft 101. It detects anomalies.

For example, the rotating mechanism 104 is used in an internal combustion engine, the rotating shaft 101 is an idle gear shaft, the bearing 102 is an idle gear bush, and the gear 103 is an idle gear.

The abnormality detection device 100 compares the actual rotation fluctuation characteristics when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristics (see FIG. 2A) by the calculation means 105, and is normal. When the amount of upward shift of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 is detected. The computing means 105 is, for example, a computer or an engine control unit.

The reason for comparing the actual rotation fluctuation characteristics when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristics is meaningful because the rotation fluctuation characteristics change as the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 101 changes. This is because it is not possible to make a comparison. Therefore, for example, it is necessary to make a comparison under steady conditions such as during idle operation and no-load operation of the internal combustion engine.

The rotation fluctuation characteristic is a torque vs. rotation angle characteristic or a rotation angular velocity vs. rotation angle characteristic. The torque-to-rotation angle characteristic is a so-called torque ripple (torque waveform), which indicates the relationship between the torque [Nm] acting on the rotation shaft 101 and the rotation angle [deg] of the rotation shaft 101. The angular characteristic indicates the relationship between the rotational angular velocity [rad / s] of the rotating shaft 101 and the rotational angle [deg] of the rotating shaft 101. Further, as the torque and the rotational angular velocity, the torque and the rotational angular velocity in the desired rotation direction of the rotating shaft 101 are positive.

The torque may be detected by the torque sensor, the rotation angle may be detected by the rotation angle sensor, and the rotation angular velocity may be detected by the rotation angular velocity sensor. Further, the rotational angular velocity can be measured by arranging a sensor capable of detecting the tooth tip at a position facing the tooth surface of the gear 103 and grasping the rotation cycle for each tooth. A sensor capable of detecting the tooth tip is, for example, a gap sensor.

When seizure of the bearing 102 occurs, the rotating shaft 101 becomes difficult to rotate, and the torque required to rotate the rotating shaft 101 becomes larger than in the normal case at any rotation angle. Therefore, FIG. 2 (b) As shown in the above, the amount of upward shift of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic as the seizure of the bearing 102 progresses (amount indicating how much the torque at a predetermined rotation angle changes in the positive direction). ) Also grows.

That is, when seizure of the bearing 102 occurs, both the maximum value and the minimum value of the torque become large. Further, since the torque is proportional to the rotational angular velocity, when the bearing 102 is seized, both the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotational angular velocity become large.

Therefore, the upward shift amount when the bearing 102 is seized is experimentally measured in advance, the bearing abnormality determination threshold is set based on the upward shift amount, and the upward shift amount is equal to or larger than the bearing abnormality determination threshold. In this case, the abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 may be detected.

Further, the abnormality detection device 100 compares the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic by the calculation means 105, and actually rotates with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic. When the amount of increase in the amplitude of the fluctuation characteristic is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 is detected.

When the gear 103 is worn, the backlash becomes large and the maximum value of the torque required to rotate the rotating shaft 101 becomes large as compared with the normal case. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2C, As the wear of the gear 103 progresses, the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic also increases.

That is, when the gear 103 is worn, only the maximum value of the torque becomes large. Further, since the torque is proportional to the rotational angular velocity, when the gear 103 is worn, the maximum value of the rotational angular velocity also increases.

Therefore, the amount of increase in amplitude when the gear 103 is worn is experimentally measured in advance, the gear abnormality determination threshold is set based on the amount of increase in amplitude, and the amount of increase in amplitude is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold. In this case, the abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 may be detected.

Regardless of whether the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to seizure of the bearing 102 or the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 is detected, the rotation fluctuation characteristic depends on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and auxiliary machinery. Considering the occurrence of variation, the rotation fluctuation characteristics are acquired multiple times at predetermined cycles, and when there are multiple rotation fluctuation characteristics in which the upward shift amount is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality judgment threshold, or the amplitude increase amount is the gear abnormality judgment threshold. The abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 may be detected only when a plurality of the above rotation fluctuation characteristics exist.

That is, even if the upward shift amount of the rotation fluctuation characteristic in a certain period is equal to or more than the bearing abnormality judgment threshold value, or the amplitude increase amount of the rotation fluctuation characteristic in a certain period is equal to or more than the gear abnormality judgment threshold value, the rotation fluctuation characteristic Since it is possible that the amount of the upward shift or the amount of increase in the amplitude does not continuously exceed the respective thresholds due to the variation, it is determined that the rotation mechanism 104 is normal.

Further, when the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 and the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 occur at the same time, the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic is shifted upward with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic. Both the amount and the amount of amplitude increase are equal to or greater than each threshold.

Further, by comparing the upward shift amount and the amplitude increase amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic with each threshold value, the progress of the abnormality according to the degree of deviation between the two may be grasped. That is, it can be seen that the larger the upward shift amount and the amplitude increase amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic and the closer to each threshold value, the more the deterioration toward the abnormality progresses.

Therefore, it is possible to predict the time until the abnormality occurs by observing how much the upward shift amount and the amplitude increase amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic deviate from each threshold value. ..

Further, when the output means 106 detects either an abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to seizure of the bearing 102 or an abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to wear of the gear 103, the abnormality detection device 100 detects the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104. Notify the abnormality of. The output means 106 is, for example, a part of a function of a computer or an engine control unit.

The output means 106 notifies the operator of the rotation mechanism 104 and the administrator of the rotation mechanism 104 of the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 by, for example, wireless communication or wired communication. Specifically, for example, if the rotating mechanism 104 is of an internal combustion engine mounted on the vehicle, is the abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 caused by the seizure of the bearing 102 through the indicator lamp or the display to the driver of the vehicle? , Notifies whether the cause is due to wear of the gear 103, and prompts the replacement of parts and the warehousing / maintenance of the vehicle. Further, the vehicle manager and the maintenance person (the person who is near the vehicle or the person who is away from the vehicle may be notified in the same manner) may be notified in the same manner. In addition to the notification, the output means 106 may output, for example, an abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 to a management server or the like and record a data log.

[Abnormality detection method]
As shown in FIG. 3, the abnormality detection method M100 is a rotation mechanism 104 having a rotation shaft 101, a bearing 102 that rotatably supports the rotation shaft 101, and a gear 103 that rotates integrally with the rotation shaft 101. It detects anomalies.

Specifically, in the first step S101, the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed is acquired, and in the next step S102, the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic. It is determined whether or not the upward shift amount of is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold.

When the upward shift amount is equal to or greater than the bearing abnormality determination threshold value, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 is detected, and in the next step S103, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 occurs. Notify and output the fact that there is.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the abnormality detection method M200 has a rotation mechanism including a rotation shaft 101, a bearing 102 that rotatably supports the rotation shaft 101, and a gear 103 that rotates integrally with the rotation shaft 101. It detects the abnormality of 104.

Specifically, in the first step S201, the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed is acquired, and in the next step S202, the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic. It is determined whether or not the amount of increase in the amplitude of is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold.

When the amplitude increase amount is equal to or greater than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 is detected, and in the next step S203, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the wear of the gear 103 occurs. Notify / output that there is.

As described above, by comparing the actual rotation fluctuation characteristics when the rotation shaft 101 rotates at a specific rotation speed with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristics, the abnormality of the rotation mechanism 104 due to the seizure of the bearing 102 is detected. It is possible to isolate the abnormality of the rotating mechanism 104 caused by the wear of the gear 103.

100 Anomaly detection device 101 Rotating shaft 102 Bearing 103 Gear 104 Rotating mechanism 105 Computational means 106 Output means

Claims (10)

An abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. In the above cases, the abnormality detection device is characterized by detecting an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by seizure of the bearing. An abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the gear abnormality determination threshold value. In the above cases, the abnormality detection device is characterized by detecting an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by wear of the gear. An abnormality detection device for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. In the above case, when the abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by the seizure of the bearing is detected and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or more than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, the gear. An abnormality detection device characterized by detecting an abnormality in the rotation mechanism caused by wear of the above. The abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotation fluctuation characteristic is a torque vs. rotation angle characteristic or a rotation angular velocity vs. rotation angle characteristic. The abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which notifies an abnormality of the rotation mechanism. An abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. In the above cases, an abnormality detection method characterized in that an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by seizure of the bearing is detected. An abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the gear abnormality determination threshold value. In the above cases, an abnormality detection method characterized in that an abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by wear of the gear is detected. An abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in a rotating mechanism having a rotating shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and a gear that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
The actual rotation fluctuation characteristic when the rotation shaft rotates at a specific rotation speed is compared with the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic, and the upward shift amount of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is the bearing abnormality determination threshold value. In the above case, when the abnormality of the rotation mechanism caused by the seizure of the bearing is detected and the amount of increase in the amplitude of the actual rotation fluctuation characteristic with respect to the normal rotation fluctuation characteristic is equal to or more than the gear abnormality determination threshold value, the gear. An abnormality detection method characterized in that an abnormality in the rotation mechanism caused by wear of the above-mentioned rotation mechanism is detected. The abnormality detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the rotation fluctuation characteristic is a torque vs. rotation angle characteristic or a rotation angular velocity vs. rotation angle characteristic. The abnormality detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, which notifies an abnormality of the rotation mechanism.

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