JP2021127804A - Diagnostic system for rolling bearings and rotation support device with diagnostic system - Google Patents

Abstract

To achieve a structure that can precisely detect a sign of seizure of a rolling bearing.SOLUTION: A diagnosis system 3 for a conical roller bearing 6a is configured to determine whether there is a sign of seizure on the basis of the temperature of the conical roller bearing 6a and a change in the spectral brightness of a wavelength component in a predetermined range in the light passing through grease G, a lubricant, with contamination of the grease G.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a diagnostic system for diagnosing the state of rolling bearings, and a rotation support device provided with this diagnostic system.

FIG. 10 shows a rotation support device with a thermometer described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-49932 (Patent Document 1). The rotation support device 100 with a thermometer is for rotatably supporting the wheels of a railroad vehicle with respect to the suspension device. An axle 101 coupled and fixed to the center of the wheels and a cylinder supported and fixed to the suspension device. The housing 102 is provided with a double-row conical roller bearing 103 for rotatably supporting the axle 101 inside the housing 102, and a radiation thermometer 104.

The double-row tapered roller bearing 103 includes an outer ring 105, a pair of inner rings 106, a plurality of tapered rollers 107, and an inner ring spacer 108.

The outer ring 105 has a double-row outer ring track 109 on the inner peripheral surface. Each of the double-row outer ring orbits 109 has a conical concave shape, and is inclined in a direction in which the inner diameter dimension increases toward a direction away from each other in the axial direction. The outer ring 105 is internally fitted in the housing 102 and does not rotate even during use.

Each of the pair of inner rings 106 has a conical convex inner ring track 110 and a large flange portion 111 protruding outward in the radial direction from a portion adjacent to the large diameter side of the inner ring track 110 in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface. Have. The pair of inner rings 106 are arranged coaxially with the outer ring 105 on the inner side in the radial direction of the outer ring 105 in a state where the end faces on the smaller diameter side of each other are butted against each other via the cylindrical inner ring spacer 108. The pair of inner wheels 106 and the inner ring spacer 108 are fitted on the axle 101 and rotate together with the axle 101 during use.

Tapered roller 107 is provided between the double-row outer ring track 109 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 105 and the double-row inner ring track 110 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the pair of inner rings 106 for each row. A plurality of each are arranged in a state of being rotatably held by the cage 112. Further, in this state, the respective large-diameter side end faces 113 of the tapered rollers 107 face the axial inner side surface 114 of the large flange portion 111. The axial inner side surface 114 of the large collar portion 111 is the side surface of the large collar portion 111 on both sides in the axial direction on the inner ring track 110 side. Contact portion (rolling contact portion, sliding contact) between each surface of the tapered roller 107 and the mating surface (outer ring track 109, inner ring track 110, inner surface of the pocket of the cage 112, and axial inner surface 114 of the large flange portion 111). Part) is lubricated with grease.

The radiation thermometer 104 penetrates the central portions of the housing 102 and the outer ring 105 in the axial direction in the radial direction, and the detection portion (light receiving portion) provided at the tip thereof faces the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring spacer 108. In this state, it is supported by the housing 102 and the outer ring 105. In this state, the radiation thermometer 104 can measure the temperature of the inner ring spacer 108 based on the detection of infrared rays emitted from the inner ring spacer 108 by the detection unit.

In the rotation support device 100 with a thermometer having the above configuration, the temperature of the inner ring spacer 108, which is arranged adjacent to the inner ring 106 where the temperature during operation tends to be the highest and causes a temperature change equivalent to that of the inner ring 106, is set. , It is possible to measure with the radiation thermometer 104. Therefore, when the temperature of the double-row tapered roller bearing 103 rises excessively for some reason, a sign of seizure can be detected based on measuring this temperature with a radiation thermometer 104. Therefore, maintenance of the double-row tapered roller bearing 103 can be performed before seizure occurs.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-49932

The rotation support device 100 with a thermometer as described above has room for improvement in terms of more accurately detecting a sign of seizure.

That is, during operation of the rotation support device 100 with a thermometer, oxidative wear powder is generated at the contact portions (rolling contact portion, sliding contact portion) between the respective surfaces of the tapered rollers 107 and the mating surface. In particular, each of the large-diameter side end faces 113 of the tapered rollers 107 slides into contact with the axial inner side surface 114 of the large flange portion 111 in a strongly pressed state, so that oxidative wear powder is likely to be generated. Since the oxidative wear powder has a high hardness, these sliding contact portions act like an abrasive, and it is easy to promote the generation of further oxidative wear powder, and the busbar shape and roughness of the sliding contact portion are deteriorated. Therefore, it may cause seizure. Then, when the oxidative wear powder generated in this way is mixed with the grease which is the lubricant and the content of the oxidative wear powder in the grease (degree of contamination of the grease) increases with the passage of use time, The lubrication state gradually deteriorates, and the heat generated at the sliding contact portion increases and the possibility of seizure increases as compared with the case where the grease is in a new state. That is, in order to more accurately detect the sign of seizure, it is necessary to consider not only the temperature but also the state of generation of oxidative wear powder.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to realize a structure capable of more accurately detecting a sign of seizure of a rolling bearing.

In the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, a pair of raceway wheels, a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the pair of raceway rings, and the surface and mating surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements, respectively. It is a system for diagnosing the state of rolling bearings provided with grease that lubricates the contact portion with.
In particular, in the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, the spectral brightness of a wavelength component in a predetermined range of the light passing through the grease changes due to the temperature of the rolling bearing and the contamination of the grease. Has a function of determining the presence or absence of a sign of burn-in by using.

In one aspect of the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, the detection unit has a detection unit, and the temperature rises with the operation of the rolling bearing, and the detection unit comes into contact with a measured portion of a member covered with the grease. It has a contact type thermometer for measuring the contact temperature of the point to be measured and a light receiving part, and the light receiving part is made to face the point to be measured via the grease to radiate the point to be measured. A radiation thermometer for measuring the temperature and a diagnostic device for determining the presence or absence of a sign of seizure of the rolling bearing based on the difference between the contact temperature and the radiation temperature are provided.

In one aspect of the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, a thermometer that measures the temperature of a measured portion of a member that is covered with grease and whose temperature rises with the operation of the rolling bearing, and the subject to be measured. Of the light emitters and receivers arranged opposite to each other with the grease covering the portion, the temperature of the portion to be measured measured by the thermometer, and the light received by the receiver, the wavelength components in a predetermined range. A diagnostic device for determining the presence or absence of a sign of seizure based on the spectral brightness is provided.

In one aspect of the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, the rolling bearing has an outer ring having a tapered concave outer ring track on the inner peripheral surface, a tapered convex inner ring track on the outer peripheral surface, and the axial direction. An inner ring having a large bearing portion protruding outward in the radial direction from a portion adjacent to the large diameter side of the inner ring track is arranged between the outer ring track and the inner ring track, and each large diameter side end face is the large bearing. It is a tapered roller bearing provided with a plurality of tapered rollers facing the inner side surface in the axial direction of the portion and grease for lubricating the contact portion between the surface of each of the plurality of tapered rollers and the mating surface. The point to be measured is the outer peripheral surface of the large bearing portion.

In one aspect of the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention, the presence or absence of a sign of seizure is determined by utilizing the change in the spectral luminance of a component having a wavelength of 17 μm or more and 23 μm or less in the light passing through the grease. Has the function of

The rotary support device with a diagnostic system of the present invention includes a rotary support device including a rolling bearing and a rolling bearing diagnostic system for diagnosing the state of the rolling bearing.
The rolling bearing has a pair of raceway wheels, a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the pair of raceway rings, and contact portions between the surfaces and mating surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements. Provided with grease to lubricate.
The rolling bearing diagnostic system is the rolling bearing diagnostic system of the present invention.

According to the present invention, it is possible to more accurately detect a sign of seizure of a rolling bearing.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rotation support device of the first example of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. FIG. 3 is a log-log graph showing the spectrum of light emitted from the blackbody with temperature as a parameter. FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining a burn-in sign determination function included in the diagnostic apparatus of the first example of the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 showing a second example of the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line B of FIG. FIG. 7 is a view taken along the arrow C of FIG. FIG. 8 is a block diagram for explaining a burn-in sign determination function included in the diagnostic apparatus of the second example of the embodiment. FIG. 9 is an image diagram showing a criterion for determining a sign of burn-in in the second example of the embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventionally known rotation support device with a thermometer.

[First Example of Embodiment]
A first example of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
The rotary support device 1 with a diagnostic system of this example includes a rotary support device 2 including a pair of tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b, and a diagnostic system 3.

The rotation support device 2 is a wheel support device for driven wheels of large automobiles such as trucks and buses, and is an outer ring rotation type. The rotation support device 2 includes an axle 4, a hub 5, and a pair of tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b. Be prepared.

In the following description, the outside in the vehicle width direction is the left side of FIG. 1 corresponding to the outside in the width direction of the vehicle when the rotation support device 2 is assembled to the vehicle, and the inside in the vehicle width direction is the rotation support device. It is the right side of FIG. 1 corresponding to the center side in the width direction of the vehicle in the state where 2 is assembled to the vehicle.

The axle 4 constitutes a suspension device, has a tubular shape, and does not rotate even when used. The axle 4 has cylindrical fitting surface portions 7a and 7b arranged coaxially with each other at two positions separated from each other in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface. The fitting surface portion 7a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction has a smaller outer diameter than the fitting surface portion 7b on the inner side in the vehicle width direction. Further, the axle 4 has a stepped surface 8 facing outward in the vehicle width direction at a position adjacent to the inside in the vehicle width direction of the fitting surface portion 7b on the inside in the vehicle width direction.

The hub 5 has a tubular shape, and is arranged around the axle 4 coaxially with the axle 4. The hub 5 has cylindrical fitting surface portions 9a and 9b arranged coaxially with each other on the inner peripheral surfaces of both side portions in the axial direction. The hub 5 has a stepped surface 10a facing outward in the vehicle width direction at a position adjacent to the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the fitting surface portion 9a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction, and the vehicle has a fitting surface portion 9b on the inner side in the vehicle width direction. It has a stepped surface 10b facing inward in the vehicle width direction at a position adjacent to the outside in the width direction. Further, the hub 5 has a flange portion 11 that protrudes outward in the radial direction from the intermediate portion in the axial direction and to which the wheel that is a rotating body and the rotating member for braking are fixed at the time of use.

The pair of tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b is for rotatably supporting the hub 5 with respect to the axle 4, and is axially separated from the outer peripheral surface of the axle 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the hub 5. In addition, they are arranged so that the directions of contact angles with each other are back-to-back combinations. In each of the pair of tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b, the lower side (ground side, vertical lower side) is the load area side of the radial load due to the vehicle weight, and the upper side is the counterload of the radial load due to the vehicle weight. It will be on the service area side. Therefore, for each of the pair of tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b, the lower end position, which is the central position in the circumferential direction on the lower side, is the maximum load position in the load zone.

The tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b have inner rings 12a and 12b that do not rotate even when used, and outer rings 13a and 13b that rotate during use. It includes a plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b that are moving bodies, and grease G (not shown) that is a lubricant.

Each of the inner rings 12a and 12b is made of bearing steel, carburized steel, or medium carbon steel. Each of the inner rings 12a and 12b has a conical convex inner ring track 15a and 15b on the outer peripheral surface, and a large collar portion protruding outward in the radial direction from a portion adjacent to the large diameter side of the inner ring track 15a and 15b in the axial direction. It has 16a and 16b, and small collar portions 17a and 17b protruding outward in the radial direction from a portion adjacent to the small diameter side of the inner ring orbits 15a and 15b in the axial direction. The outer peripheral surfaces 20a and 20b of the large collar portions 16a and 16b are formed of cylindrical surfaces. In particular, in this example, the color of the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large flange portion 16a is black with respect to the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction. For this reason, in this example, the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large collar portion 16a is subjected to a blackening treatment such as a black alumite treatment (painting by spraying or the like). When carrying out the present invention, it is not always necessary to blacken the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large collar portion 16a, and the outer peripheral surface 20a may be a non-shining surface. Specifically, for example, the color of the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large collar portion 16a can be changed to black by leaving the black skin (oxide film) generated by hot working or heat treatment.

Each of the outer rings 13a and 13b is made of bearing steel, carburized steel, or medium carbon steel. Each of the outer rings 13a and 13b has a conical concave outer ring track 18a and 18b on the inner peripheral surface.

Each of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b is made of bearing steel, carburized steel, or ceramics. Each of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b is arranged between the inner ring raceways 15a and 15b and the outer ring raceways 18a and 18b in a state of being rotatably held by cages 19a and 19b. Further, in this state, the large-diameter side end faces 21a and 21b of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b face the axial inner side surfaces 22a and 22b of the large flange portions 16a and 16b, respectively. The axial inner side surfaces 22a and 22b of the large collar portions 16a and 16b are the side surfaces of the large collar portions 16a (16b) on both sides in the axial direction on the inner ring track 15a and 15b side.

Contact portions between the surfaces of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b constituting the tapered roller bearings 6a and 6b and the mating surface, specifically, the outer peripheral surfaces and inner ring raceways of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b, respectively. Rolling contact portions with 15a and 15b and outer ring tracks 18a and 18b, large-diameter side end faces 21a and 21b of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b, and axial inner surfaces 22a and 22b of the large bearing portions 16a and 16b, respectively. The sliding contact portion and the sliding contact portion between the surfaces of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and 14b and the inner surfaces of the pockets of the cages 19a and 19b are lubricated by grease G, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction, the inner ring 12a is fitted on the fitting surface portion 7a of the axle 4, and the outer ring 13a is fitted on the fitting surface portion 9a of the hub 5. There is. In this state, the outer surface of the inner ring 12a in the vehicle width direction is in contact with the inner surface of the nut 23 screwed to the outer end of the axle 4 in the vehicle width direction, and is inside the outer ring 13a in the vehicle width direction. The side surface is in contact with the stepped surface 10a of the hub 5. On the other hand, in the tapered roller bearing 6b on the inner side in the vehicle width direction, the inner ring 12b is fitted on the fitting surface portion 7b of the axle 4, and the outer ring 13b is fitted on the fitting surface portion 9b of the hub 5. In this state, the inner surface of the inner ring 12b in the vehicle width direction is in contact with the stepped surface 8 of the axle 4, and the outer surface of the outer ring 13b in the vehicle width direction is in contact with the stepped surface 10b of the hub 5.

When the hub 5 and the outer rings 13a and 13b rotate with respect to the axle 4 and the inner rings 12a and 12b during the operation of the rotation support device 2 having the above configuration, the cone rollers 14a and 14b, respectively, While bearing radial and axial loads between the 15b and the outer ring tracks 18a and 18b, while rotating (rotating) around its own central axis, it rotates around the central axes of the conical roller bearings 6a and 6b (rotating). Revolve). At this time, a component force in the direction of moving itself to the large diameter side acts on each of the tapered rollers 14a and 14b based on the radial load, the axial load, and the centrifugal force accompanying the revolution. Therefore, the large-diameter side end faces 21a and 21b of the tapered rollers 14a and 14b slide into contact with the axial inner side surfaces 22a and 22b of the large flange portions 16a and 16b in a strongly pressed state.

Therefore, of the contact portions between the surfaces of the tapered rollers 14a and 14b constituting the tapered roller bearings 6a and 6a and the mating surface, the large-diameter side end faces 21a and 21b and the large flange portion 16a of the tapered rollers 14a and 14b, respectively. In the sliding contact portions with the axial inner surfaces 22a and 22b of 16b, the frictional heat generated tends to be larger than that of the other contacting portions, and when the temperature rises excessively due to the frictional heat, the oil film runs out. May occur and seizure may occur.

Further, the sliding contact portions between the large diameter side end faces 21a and 21b of the tapered rollers 14a and 14b and the axial inner side surfaces 22a and 22b of the large flange portions 16a and 16b are more easily worn than the other contact portions. .. Then, the hard oxidative wear powder generated by such wear is mixed in the grease G, and the content of the oxidative wear powder in the grease G (degree of contamination of the grease G) increases with the lapse of the usage time. As a result, the lubrication state of the slip contact portion gradually deteriorates, and the heat generated by the slip contact portion increases as compared with the case where the grease G is in a new state, and the possibility of seizure increases.

The diagnostic system 3 is a system for diagnosing the state of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction, and includes a contact thermometer 24, a radiation thermometer 25, and a diagnostic device 26.

The contact type thermometer 24 has a detection unit at the tip end thereof, which makes contact with the measured portion of the object. Then, the temperature (contact temperature, actual temperature) of the measurement point is measured based on the contact of the detection unit with the measurement point. In this example, a thermocouple is used as the contact type thermometer 24. However, when the present invention is carried out, a contact type thermometer other than a thermocouple can also be used as the contact type thermometer 24.

The radiation thermometer 25 has a light receiving portion at its tip that faces the point to be measured of the object in a non-contact manner. Then, the light radiated from the measured location is received by the light receiving unit, and the temperature (radiation temperature) of the measured location is determined from the frequency distribution of the received light and the spectral luminance (light intensity, light intensity) for each frequency. taking measurement.

The contact type thermometer 24 and the radiation thermometer 25 measure the temperature of the point P to be measured of the inner ring 12a, which is a member whose temperature rises and is covered with the grease G as the rotation support device 2 operates. In this example, the measurement point P is one point in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large flange portion 16a, which is a black surface. When the rotation support device 2 is operated, the temperature of the inner ring 12a tends to be higher in the load zone than in the non-load zone. Therefore, it is preferable that the measurement point P is a place where the phase in the circumferential direction coincides with the load zone. In this example, the point to be measured P is a place where the temperature of the inner ring 12a tends to be the highest when the rotation support device 2 is operated, and the phase in the circumferential direction coincides with the maximum load position (lower end position) in the load zone. That is, the point to be measured P is a point in the circumferential direction located at the lower end of the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large flange portion 16a. The grease G that lubricates the sliding contact portion between the large-diameter side end surface 21a of each of the plurality of tapered rollers 14a and the axial inner side surface 22a of the large flange portion 16a is such that the plurality of tapered rollers 14a rotate (rotate and revolve). ), It rides on the point to be measured P and covers the point P to be measured (particularly, the end portion of the large collar portion 16a on the inner side surface 22a side in the axial direction in the axial direction).

The contact type thermometer 24 is based on the fact that the detection unit provided at the tip portion is brought into contact with the measurement point P (in the illustrated example, the axial intermediate part of the measurement point P) of the measurement point P. Measure the contact temperature. In the radiation thermometer 25, the light receiving portion provided at the tip portion is passed through the grease G covering the measured portion P, and the measured portion P (in the illustrated example, the large collar of the measured portion P in the axial direction). The end portion of the portion 16a on the inner side surface 22a side in the axial direction) is opposed to the end portion). As a result, the radiation thermometer 25 measures the radiation temperature of the measurement point P based on receiving the light radiated from the measurement point P and passing through the grease G covering the measurement point P. .. Each of the contact type thermometer 24 and the radiation thermometer 25 is supported and fixed to a portion that does not rotate with respect to the inner ring 12a (for example, a nut 23, a part of a sealing device (not shown), and the like).

The diagnostic device 26 constituting the diagnostic system 3 is installed on the vehicle body side and is connected to the contact thermometer 24 and the radiation thermometer 25 via a harness (not shown). As a result, the output signal of the contact thermometer 24 (the signal indicating the contact temperature of the measured point P) and the output signal of the radiation thermometer 25 (the signal indicating the radiation temperature of the measured point P) are diagnosed through the harness. It is designed to be transmitted to the device 26.

In the diagnostic device 26, the spectral brightness of the wavelength component in a predetermined range of the light passing through the grease G changes due to the temperature of the tapered roller bearing 6a outside in the vehicle width direction and the contamination of the grease G of the tapered roller bearing 6a. By utilizing this, seizure of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction, specifically, the large-diameter side end surface 21a of the tapered roller 14a and the axial inner side surface 22a of the large flange portion 16a. It has a function to determine whether or not there is a sign of seizure of the slip contact portion.

Specifically, the diagnostic device 26 determines the presence or absence of a sign of burn-in based on the following principle.

FIG. 3 is a log-log graph (horizontal axis: wavelength, vertical axis: spectral brightness (light amount)) showing the spectrum of light (ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays) emitted from a blackbody for each temperature. The relationship between the spectrum of light and temperature is derived from Planck's law. Light having a spectrum corresponding to the temperature is also emitted from the measured portion P existing on a part of the outer peripheral surface 20a of the large collar portion 16a which is a black surface (black body).

However, the grease G covering the measurement point P contains oxidative wear powder generated at the contact portion between the surface of the tapered roller 14a and the mating surface. Most of such oxidative wear powder is generated at the sliding contact portion between the large-diameter side end surface 21a of the conical roller 14a and the axial inner side surface 22a of the large flange portion 16a, and is mainly α-Fe _2. It _{consists of O 3} (hematite, characteristic absorption band: 470 cm ^-1 , 540 cm ^-1 ) and γ-Fe ₂ O ₃ (machematite, characteristic absorption band: 448 cm ^-1 , 578 cm ^-1 ).

Such oxidative wear powder has a far-infrared absorption characteristic (characteristic absorption band) with a wave number of around 500 cm ^{-1 (wavelength is 20 μm).} Therefore, when the content of oxidative abrasion powder in the grease G increases, the component of the light emitted from the measurement point P and passing through the grease G, having a wave number of about 500 cm ^-1 (wavelength 20 μm), specifically Specifically, the spectral luminance of at least a component having a wavelength of 17 μm or more and 23 μm or less is reduced.

For example, at a temperature (about 500K) where seizure may occur at the sliding contact portion between each large-diameter side end surface 21a of the conical roller 14a and the axial inner side surface 22a of the large flange portion 16a, the wave number is 500 cm ^-1. The component near (wavelength is 20 μm) becomes a wavelength component longer than the peak wavelength, and the spectral luminance of the wavelength component decreases as shown by the broken line in FIG. As a result, the decrease gradient of the spectral luminance becomes large when going from the peak wavelength to the longer wavelength side, and the luminance distribution after the decrease, that is, the luminance distribution of the light received by the light receiving portion of the radiation thermometer 25 becomes large. It approaches the brightness distribution when the temperature is higher.

Since the radiation thermometer 25 measures the radiation temperature of the point P to be measured from the frequency distribution of the received light and the spectral brightness of each frequency, the brightness distribution of the received light has a higher temperature as described above. When approaching the brightness distribution of time, the radiation temperature of the measured point P measured by the radiation thermometer 25 becomes larger than the actual temperature of the measured point P (≈ the contact temperature of the measured point P measured by the contact thermometer 24). Will also grow. As a result, a difference ΔTa (absolute value) is generated between the contact temperature of the measured point P measured by the contact thermometer 24 and the radiation temperature of the measured point P measured by the radiation thermometer 25. Become.

Further, when the content of oxidized abrasion powder in the grease G increases with the lapse of the usage time, the wave number of the light emitted from the measurement point P and passing through the grease G is 500 cm ^-1 (wavelength is changed). The amount of decrease in the spectral luminance of the component near 20 μm) also increases. As a result, the radiation temperature of the measured point P measured by the radiation thermometer 25 shifts to a higher side than the actual temperature of the measured point P, and the difference ΔTa increases.

On the other hand, when the content of oxidative abrasion powder in the grease G increases with the lapse of use time, the sliding contact between the respective large-diameter side end faces 21a of the tapered rollers 14a and the axial inner side surface 22a of the large flange portion 16a. The lubrication state of the portion deteriorates, and seizure is more likely to occur as compared with the case where the grease G is in a new state.

Therefore, in the structure of this example, the presence or absence of a sign of burn-in can be determined based on the evaluation of the difference ΔTa.

In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, the diagnostic device 26 has an indicated value of the contact thermometer (contact temperature of the measurement point P measured by the contact thermometer 24) and an indicated value of the radiation thermometer (radiation temperature). The difference (difference ΔTa) from the difference (difference ΔTa) from the radiation temperature of the measured point P measured by the total 25 was confirmed, and this difference was out of the predetermined range (exceeding the predetermined value Ya (ΔTa>). In the case of Ya)), it is determined that there is a sign of seizure. In this example, by conducting an experiment in advance, the value Xa of the difference ΔTa when seizure occurs is examined, and a value slightly smaller than the examined value Xa (for example, (0.8 to 0.9)). ) Xa) is defined as the specified value Ya.

Further, when the diagnostic device 26 determines that there is a sign of burn-in, the diagnostic apparatus 26 may display the result of the determination visually on a display or audibly output it by a speaker. Notify the driver, etc. That is, the driver or the like is informed that maintenance of the rotation support device 2 (replacement of grease G, parts, etc.) is required.

In the rotary support device 1 with a diagnostic system of this example as described above, the presence or absence of a sign of seizure of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction is considered not only by the temperature but also by the state of generation of oxidized wear powder (lubrication state). Can be determined. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately determine the presence or absence of a burn-in sign than when determining the presence or absence of a burn-in sign by considering only the temperature, in other words, the burn-in sign is detected more accurately. be able to.

When carrying out the present invention, it is preferable that the color of the measurement point P whose radiation temperature is measured by the radiation thermometer 25 is black, which has the highest emissivity, as in this example. However, when the present invention is carried out, the color of the measurement point P whose temperature is measured by the radiation thermometer 25 is not necessarily black as long as it has an emissivity sufficient to appropriately determine the presence or absence of a sign of seizure. It doesn't have to be.

Further, when the present invention is carried out, the configuration for determining the presence or absence of a sign of seizure in the first example of the embodiment is replaced with the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction (or in the vehicle width direction). It can also be applied to tapered roller bearings 6a on the outer side) and tapered roller bearings 6b on the inner side in the vehicle width direction.

[Second Example of Embodiment]
A second example of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.
Even in the structure of this example, the diagnostic device 26 (see FIG. 1) constituting the diagnostic system 3a determines the light passing through the grease G due to the contamination of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction. Utilizing the change in the spectral brightness of the wavelength component in the range, seizure of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction, specifically, the large-diameter side end face 21a and the large flange portion 16a of the tapered roller 14a, respectively. It has a function of determining whether or not there is a sign of seizure of the sliding contact portion with the axial inner side surface 22a. However, in this example, the configuration for realizing this function is different from the first example of the embodiment.

In the structure of this example, the diagnostic system 3a includes a contact thermometer 24 similar to the structure of the first example of the embodiment. Then, the contact type thermometer 24 brings the detection portion into contact with the measured portion P (in the illustrated example, the axial intermediate portion of the measured portion P) located at the lower end of the outer peripheral surface 20c of the large flange portion 16a. As a result, the temperature (contact temperature) of the point P to be measured is measured. In this example, since the only thermometer that measures the temperature of the outer peripheral surface 20c (measured point P) of the large flange portion 16a is the contact type thermometer 24, the color of the outer peripheral surface 20c of the large flange portion 16a is the temperature. Does not affect the measurement result of. Therefore, in this example, the color of the outer peripheral surface 20c of the large collar portion 16a is not black, and the outer peripheral surface 20c of the large collar portion 16a is composed of the bright surface after machining.

When carrying out the present invention, a radiation thermometer may be used instead of the contact type thermometer 24 as a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the point P to be measured. When a radiation thermometer is used, it is preferable that the color of the measurement point P is black, which has the highest emissivity. When using a radiation thermometer, the error (ΔTa) due to the absorption of far infrared rays by the oxidative wear powder described above should be taken into consideration, and the indicated value of the radiation thermometer should be corrected or the temperature threshold for determining the seizure sign should be corrected. good.

Further, the diagnostic system 3a includes a light emitter 27 and a light receiver 28 instead of the radiation thermometer 25 (see FIG. 2) in comparison with the structure of the first example of the embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the light emitter 27 and the light receiver 28 are measured at a position facing the lower end of the outer peripheral surface 20c of the large flange portion 16a of the inner ring 12a (in the illustrated example, the light emitter 27 and the receiver 28 are covered. Of the measurement points P, grease G (shown only in FIG. 7) covering the axial inner side surface 22a side of the large collar portion 16a in the axial direction is sandwiched between the measurement points P and arranged in opposition (separately arranged in the circumferential direction). It is supported and fixed to a portion that does not rotate with respect to the inner ring 12a (for example, a nut 23, a part of a sealing device (not shown), and the like). Then, in this state, the light emitted from the light emitter 27 and passed through the grease G covering the measurement point P is received by the light receiver 28.

Therefore, in the structure of this example, when the content of oxidized abrasion powder (grease contamination degree) in the grease G increases with the lapse of use time, the light emitted from the measured portion P and passing through the grease G. Of these, the absorption rate of components with a wave number of around 500 cm ^-1 (wavelength is 20 μm) increases. Then, among the light received by the light receiver 28, ^{the spectral luminance of the component having a wave number of about 500 cm -1} (wavelength is 20 μm), specifically, the spectral luminance of a component having a wavelength of at least 17 μm or more and 23 μm or less is reduced.

In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, the diagnostic apparatus 26 uses the temperature of the measurement point (the temperature of the measurement point P measured by the contact thermometer 24) and the degree of contamination of the grease (the wave number received by the light receiver 28). In combination with (for example, based on the relationship of the image diagram shown in FIG. 9), the sign of burn-in can be determined in combination with the spectral brightness of the component in the vicinity of 500 cm ^{-1 (wave number is 20 μm).} The threshold value (equation) based on the two parameters of the temperature of the measurement site and the degree of grease contamination is set to an appropriate value by conducting an experiment in advance.

Also in the case of the structure of this example as described above, the presence or absence of a sign of seizure of the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction is determined by considering not only the temperature but also the state of generation of oxidative wear powder (lubrication state). be able to. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately determine the presence or absence of a burn-in sign than when determining the presence or absence of a burn-in sign by considering only the temperature, in other words, the burn-in sign is detected more accurately. be able to.

When the present invention is implemented, the configuration for determining the presence or absence of a sign of seizure in the second example of the embodiment is replaced with the tapered roller bearing 6a on the outer side in the vehicle width direction (or in the vehicle width direction). It can also be applied to tapered roller bearings 6a on the outer side) and tapered roller bearings 6b on the inner side in the vehicle width direction.
Other configurations and effects are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.

The present invention can be carried out by appropriately combining the configurations of the above-described embodiments as long as there is no contradiction.

The present invention is applied not only to large automobiles such as trucks and buses, but also to rotation support devices incorporated in various mechanical devices such as medium-sized automobiles, small automobiles, railroad vehicles, windmills, rolling mills, machine tools, construction machines, and agricultural machines. can do.
The rotation support device may be configured to include a rolling bearing, and may be composed of only a rolling bearing. Further, the rolling bearing is not limited to the tapered roller bearing, and may be another type of rolling bearing such as a ball bearing or a cylindrical roller bearing. Further, the rolling bearing is not limited to a single row rolling bearing, and may be a double row rolling bearing. Further, the rolling bearing is not limited to the radial rolling bearing, and may be a thrust rolling bearing.
Further, when the present invention is carried out, the point to be measured may be a part of a member whose temperature rises with the operation of the rolling bearing and is covered with grease, and is not limited to a part of the inner ring, for example. , A part of the outer ring or a part of the spacer (for example, the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring spacer 108 shown in FIG. 10).

1 Rotational support device with diagnostic system 2 Rotational support device 3 Diagnostic system 4 Axles 5 Hubs 6a, 6b Tapered roller bearings 7a, 7b Fitting surface 8 Stepped surface 9a, 9b Fitting surface 10a, 10b Stepped surface 11 Flange 12a, 12b Inner ring 13a, 13b Outer ring 14a, 14b Tapered roller 15a, 15b Inner ring track 16a, 16b Large bearing 17a, 17b Small bearing 18a, 18b Outer ring track 19a, 19b Cage 20a, 20b, 20c Outer surface 21a, 21b Large diameter side End faces 22a, 22b Axial inner surface 23 Nuts 24 Contact thermometer
25 Radiation thermometer 26 Diagnostic device 27 Light emitter 28 Receiver 100 Rotating support device with thermometer 101 Axle 102 Housing 103 Double row tapered roller bearing 104 Radiation thermometer 105 Outer ring 106 Inner ring 107 Tapered roller 108 Inner ring spacer 109 Outer ring track 110 Inner ring Track 111 Large bearing 112 Cage 113 Large diameter side end face 114 Axial inner surface

Claims (6)

A pair of orbital wheels and
A plurality of rolling elements arranged between the pair of raceway rings and
Grease that lubricates the contact portion between the surface of each of the plurality of rolling elements and the mating surface,
A rolling bearing diagnostic system that diagnoses the condition of rolling bearings.
The presence or absence of a sign of seizure is determined by utilizing the temperature of the rolling bearing and the fact that the spectral brightness of the wavelength component in a predetermined range of the light passing through the grease changes due to the contamination of the grease. Has the function of
Diagnostic system for rolling bearings. It has a detection unit, and the temperature rises with the operation of the rolling bearing, and the detection unit is brought into contact with the measurement point of the member covered with the grease to measure the contact temperature of the measurement point. With a contact thermometer,
A radiation thermometer having a light receiving portion and having the light receiving portion face the measured portion via the grease to measure the radiation temperature of the measured portion.
A diagnostic device that determines the presence or absence of a sign of seizure of the rolling bearing based on the difference between the contact temperature and the radiation temperature.
To prepare
The rolling bearing diagnostic system according to claim 1. A thermometer that measures the temperature of the part to be measured of the member covered with grease while the temperature rises with the operation of the rolling bearing.
A light emitter and a light receiver arranged to face each other with the grease covering the measurement portion sandwiched between the light emitters and the light receivers.
A diagnostic device that determines the presence or absence of a sign of burn-in based on the temperature of the point to be measured measured by the thermometer and the spectral luminance of a wavelength component in a predetermined range of the light received by the receiver.
To prepare
The rolling bearing diagnostic system according to claim 1. The rolling bearing has an outer ring having a tapered concave outer ring track on the inner peripheral surface, a tapered convex inner ring track on the outer peripheral surface, and a radial direction from a portion adjacent to the large diameter side of the inner ring track in the axial direction. A plurality of inner rings having a large bearing portion protruding outward and a plurality of inner rings arranged between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway, each having a large diameter side end surface facing the inner side surface in the axial direction of the large bearing portion. A tapered roller bearing provided with a tapered roller and grease for lubricating the contact portion between the surface of each of the plurality of tapered rollers and the mating surface.
The point to be measured is the outer peripheral surface of the large collar portion.
The rolling bearing diagnostic system according to claim 2 or 3. It has a function of determining the presence or absence of a sign of seizure by utilizing the change in the spectral luminance of a component having a wavelength of 17 μm or more and 23 μm or less in the light passing through the grease.
The rolling bearing diagnostic system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. It is provided with a rotation support device including a rolling bearing and a rolling bearing diagnostic system for diagnosing the state of the rolling bearing.
The rolling bearing has a pair of raceway wheels, a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the pair of raceway rings, and contact portions between the surfaces and mating surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements. Equipped with grease to lubricate,
The rolling bearing diagnostic system is the rolling bearing diagnostic system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Rotation support device with diagnostic system.

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