JP2021105061A - アミロイド線維形成の抑制又は阻害剤 - Google Patents
アミロイド線維形成の抑制又は阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- amyloid
- amyloidosis
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Abstract
【解決手段】トラニラスト又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有するアミロイド線維形成の抑制又は阻害剤を経口投与等の方法により投与すると、アミロイド線維の融解又は消失(排出)等の作用により生体内におけるアミロイド線維形成を効果的に抑制又は阻害することができるため、アミロイドタンパク質が凝集して形成されたアミロイド線維が沈着したアミロイド斑を予防又は治療したり、アミロイド線維の沈着に起因する疾患、すなわち、沈着したアミロイド線維自体に起因する疾患やアミロイド線維の沈着に伴い臓器又は組織の機能障害を引き起こす疾患を予防又は治療することができる。かかる臓器障害や組織障害には、免疫細胞性アミロイドーシス、反応性AAアミロイドーシス(続発性アミロイドーシス)、家族性アミロイドーシス、透析アミロイドーシス、老人性TTRアミロイドーシス等の全身性アミロイドーシスや、脳アミロイドーシス、内分泌アミロイドーシス、皮膚アミロイドーシス、限局性結節性アミロイドーシス等の限定性アミロイドーシスなどが含まれる。
【選択図】なし
Description
1−1 症例1
上背部に皮膚アミロイドーシス特有の色素を伴う浸潤とそう痒の症状が認められる患者(N.Y、60歳、女性)は、当初トラニラストを含まない治療を4年間行っていたが、治療効果が全く認められなかった。このため、トラニラストによる治療に移行した。上記患者に対して、トラニラスト(商品名:リザベン、キッセイ薬品工業社製)100mgのカプセルを1日当たり3回経口投与したところ、経口投与を開始して約1カ月後から色素沈着が薄くなり始め、さらに1カ月後にかけて色素沈着レベルが段階的に減少するとともに、そう痒が減弱し、皮疹が大幅に改善することが示された。その後、少なくとも3年間皮疹の悪化又は再発は認められなかった。
上背部に典型的なアミロイド苔癬の症状が認められる患者(27歳、女性、幼少時にアトピー性皮膚炎発症)は、当初「Very Strong:II群」に分類されるステロイド外用剤であるジフルプレナート軟膏(マイザー軟膏)による治療を行っていたが、改善が認められなかった。このため、トラニラストによる治療に移行した。上記患者に対して、トラニラスト(商品名:リザベン、キッセイ薬品工業社製)100mgのカプセルを1日当たり3回経口投与したところ、2014年6月30日に経口投与を開始(図1A参照)して16日目(2014年7月16日)(図1B参照)からアミロイド沈着褐色丘疹は明らかに薄く小さくなり改善した。日を追うごとに皮疹の改善度合いは増し(図1C〜E参照)、経口投与を開始して151日目(2014年11月28日)(図1F参照)にアミロイド沈着褐色丘疹はほぼ消失し、少なくとも238日目(2015年2月23日)(図1H参照)までその状態は維持された。
数年来上背部に激しい掻痒(そうよう)を伴う発疹があり、慢性湿疹が認められる患者(23歳、女性)に対して、トラニラストによる治療を開始した。かかる患者に、トラニラスト(商品名:リザベン、キッセイ薬品工業社製)100mgのカプセルを1日当たり3回経口投与したところ、2014年7月29日に経口投与を開始したときはアミロイド沈着褐色丘疹が密に苔癬化していた(図2A参照)が、経口投与開始後15日目(2014年8月13日)(図2B参照)には症状の改善が認められた。さらに、経口投与開始後29日目(2014年8月27日)(図2C参照)には明らかな症状の改善が認められ、その後、少なくとも89日目(2014年10月26日)までは改善状態が維持された(図2D〜G参照)。
トラニラストが、皮膚におけるアミロイド線維形成を抑制する作用を有することが示されたので、脳におけるアミロイド線維の沈着に起因する認知症やアルツハイマー病についても改善できるかどうか検討した。
認知症患者(H.Y、79歳、男性)に対して、トラニラスト(商品名:リザベン、キッセイ薬品工業社製)100mgのカプセルを1日当たり3回経口投与した。2012年8月にトラニラストによる投与を開始してから1年4カ月後に、2種類の認知症の検査法(HDS−R[改訂長谷川式簡易知能評価スケール]及びMMSE[認知機能検査])により、明確な改善効果が認められた(表1参照)。
アルツハイマー病患者(88歳、男性)に対して、トラニラスト(商品名:リザベン、キッセイ薬品工業社製)100mgのカプセルを1日当たり3回経口投与した。2014年10月11日にトラニラストによる投与を開始してから約5カ月後に、2種類の認知症の検査法(HDS−R及びMMSE)により、アルツハイマー型認知症の症状の明確な改善効果が認められた(表2参照)。
ある組織に長期間持続的に消耗状態が存在する場合、例えばアトピー性皮膚炎のような消耗性疾患に長期間罹患するとアミロイド線維が皮膚に沈着し難治性の皮膚アミロイド苔癬となることは従来から知られている。従来治療により症状の改善が認められなかった皮膚アミロイド苔癬患者やアルツハイマー型認知症等の認知症患者に対して、トラニラストを全身投与すると、トラニラストが効果的に皮膚や海馬の脳組織に沈着したアミロイド線維を減少させるように作用したものと考えられる。すなわち、トラニラストによる治療は、脳組織でも有効であることから、トラニラストは脳血管関門を通過したと考えられる。
Claims (1)
- トラニラスト又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、アルツハイマー型認知症の予防又は治療剤であって、前記トラニラスト又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の投与量が、一日当たり200〜600mgの範囲内であり、少なくとも5か月間経口投与することを特徴とする、前記予防又は治療剤。
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