JP2021087398A - Wheat tillering promoting method and cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excellent method for promoting wheat tillering and a cultivation method for promoting wheat tillering and obtaining wheat with a high yield. SOLUTION: A method for promoting wheat tillering having a step A for trampling wheat and a step B for applying methionine to wheat, and a step A for trampling wheat and a liquid composite fertilizer containing methionine. A method for cultivating wheat having step B applied to wheat. [Selection diagram] None

Description

The present invention relates to a method for promoting tillering and a method for cultivating wheat.

The side branches that grow one by one from the inner base of the leaf (leaf axil) are called splits. In wheat cultivation, it is important to promote tillering and secure the number of ears, which is the key to cultivation to secure a stable yield.
As a fertilizer used for cultivating crops, a fertilizer containing methionine is known. For example, in Patent Document 1, good cultivation is achieved by applying a liquid fertilizer containing methionine to various crops. It is stated that. However, it is not described that a fertilizer containing methionine is applied during wheat cultivation to promote tillering and to obtain a stable yield.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-214474

An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent method for promoting wheat tillering and a cultivation method for promoting wheat tillering and obtaining wheat at a high yield.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention has the following configuration.
[1] A method for promoting tillering of wheat, which comprises a step A of trampling wheat and a step B of applying methionine to wheat.
[2] The method for promoting tillering of wheat according to [1], wherein the step B of applying the methionine to wheat is a step B of applying a liquid composite fertilizer containing methionine to wheat.
[3] The method for promoting wheat tillering according to [1] or [2], wherein step A and step B are carried out during the period from the two-leaf stage of wheat to the stage before the stalk standing stage.
[4] A method for cultivating wheat, which comprises a step A of trampling wheat and a step B of applying a liquid compound fertilizer containing methionine to wheat.
[5] The method for cultivating wheat according to [4], wherein step A and step B are carried out during the period from the two-leaf stage of wheat to the stage before the stalk standing stage.

By the promotion method of the present invention, the tillering of wheat can be promoted. In addition, the cultivation method of the present invention promotes tillering of wheat, and wheat can be obtained with a high yield.

The method for promoting tillering of wheat of the present invention (hereinafter, may be referred to as method 1 of the present invention) includes a step A of stepping wheat on wheat and a step B of applying methionine to wheat. The wheat cultivation method of the present invention (hereinafter, may be referred to as the method 2 of the present invention) includes a step A of stepping on wheat and a step B of applying a liquid compound fertilizer containing methionine to wheat.

The wheat in the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a generally cultivated variety. Wheat that can be produced by natural mating, wheat that can be generated by mutation, wheat grown by hybrid technology, or wheat modified by genetic recombination technology may be used.

The amount of wheat sown is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 kg to 100 kg per ^{1000 m 2 of wheat cultivated area.}

First, the step A in the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention will be described.

Barley trampling, also called trampling, is the work of trampling plants and soil using a suppression roller or the like in the cultivation of wheat such as wheat.
As a method of carrying out barley stepping, for example, a method of using a barley-stepping machine such as a suppression roller, a method of using a hand-push type sowing suppression roller, a method of stepping on a foot, and a tire roller There is a method of suppressing it. The weight at the time of stepping on wheat is not particularly limited as long as the roots of wheat are not cut and the foliage is suppressed.

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, the step A is preferably carried out in the period from the two-leaf stage to the stem-standing stage of wheat, and more preferably in the three-leaf stage to the four-leaf stage of wheat. Here, the stalk-standing stage refers to the time when internode elongation begins.

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, soil cultivation (soil gathering) can be performed during the growing period of wheat.

Next, the step B in the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention will be described.

As methionine, L-methionine, D-methionine and DL-methionine can be used, but among them, L-methionine and DL-methionine are preferable. DL-methionine is commercially available as a feed additive, and examples of commercially available DL-methionine include DL-methionine manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.

In step B of the method 1 of the present invention, methionine itself may be applied to wheat, or a composition containing methionine may be applied.

Examples of the composition containing methionine include an aqueous solution of methionine, a suspension in which methionine is dispersed in water, a liquid compound fertilizer containing methionine, a powder containing methionine, granules containing methionine, and methionine. Chemical fertilizer can be mentioned. The content of methionine in the aqueous solution of methionine is not particularly limited as long as methionine is dissolved in water, but is preferably in the range of 0.0001% by weight to 10% by weight.

In step B of methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, along with methionine, other fertilizers such as ammonia, nitrate, urea, water-soluble phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, potassium chloride, and amino acids other than methionine. Ingredients can be used together. As the amino acid other than methionine, at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, alanine and aspartic acid (hereinafter, may be referred to as amino acid I) can be used. Such other fertilizer components may be applied at the same time as methionine or separately. When applied separately, the order of application is not particularly limited. The total content of the other fertilizer component and methionine is preferably 1.0% by weight or more as the total of the nitrogen component, the phosphoric acid component and the potassium component.

A liquid composite fertilizer containing methionine that can be used in step B of the method 1 of the present invention and a liquid composite fertilizer containing methionine used in step B of the method 2 of the present invention (hereinafter, collectively referred to as step B liquid composite fertilizer). In (may), the liquid compound fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer containing two or more of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and Kari as fertilizer components. Examples of such fertilizer components include amino acids other than ammonia, nitrate, urea, water-soluble phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, potassium chloride, methionine and methionine. The content of the fertilizer component in the step B liquid composite fertilizer is preferably in the range of 8.0% by weight to 40.0% by weight as the total of the nitrogen component, the phosphoric acid component and the potassium component. In Step B liquid compound fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen component is the weight equivalent to N (nitrogen atom), the amount of phosphoric acid component is the weight equivalent to P ₂ O ₅ (diphosphorus pentoxide), and the amount of potassium component is It is the weight equivalent to K _{2 O (potassium oxide).}
As the step B liquid compound fertilizer, a commercially available liquid compound fertilizer can be used, and as the commercially available liquid compound fertilizer, for example, Sumitomo Liquid Fertilizer M441 and Sumitomo Liquid Fertilizer M862 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Can be mentioned.
The content of methionine in the step B liquid compound fertilizer is preferably in the range of 0.1% by weight to 50.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0% by weight to 10.0% by weight.

Step B The liquid compound fertilizer can contain urea. Step B When urea is used as a raw material for the liquid compound fertilizer, the content is preferably in the range of 0.5% by weight to 40.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0% by weight to 20.0% by weight. .. In methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, commercially available urea can be used. Examples of commercially available urea include granular urea (particle size 2 mm to 4 mm) manufactured by China BlueChemical Ltd.

Step B The liquid compound fertilizer contains water. Step B The water content in the liquid compound fertilizer is in the range of 10.0% by weight to 95.0% by weight, preferably 30.0% by weight to 90.0% by weight. Step B The water used for the liquid compound fertilizer is not particularly limited, and water used for ordinary liquid fertilizers such as tap water, well water, and deionized water can be used.

Step B The liquid composite fertilizer preferably has a pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 at 25 ° C. The pH of the step B liquid composite fertilizer is adjusted to 25 ° C. using a constant temperature bath or the like as necessary, and the glass electrode of the glass electrode type pH meter is used as the stock solution of the step B liquid composite fertilizer. It is a pH value measured when the value displayed on the pH meter becomes stable after being immersed in. More specifically, step B in which the liquid temperature was adjusted to 25 ° C., about 100 mL of the liquid composite fertilizer was placed in a beaker, and fixed in a state of being immersed in the liquid about 3 cm from the tip of the glass electrode of the glass electrode type pH meter. Let stand for about 5 minutes to confirm that the value displayed on the pH meter is stable, and then record the value. For the measurement of pH, for example, a glass electrode type pH meter manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd. can be used.

Step B The method for obtaining the liquid composite fertilizer in which the pH at 25 ° C. is in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 is, for example, the amount required to exhibit the pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.0. A method of adding an acid component can be mentioned. Examples of such an acid component include nitric acid and phosphoric acid. Step B In the liquid composite fertilizer, it is preferable to use nitric acid as an acid component. The content of the nitric acid component in the step B liquid composite fertilizer is preferably in the range of 1.0% by weight to 50.0% by weight, more preferably 3.0% by weight to 40.0% by weight.

Step B The liquid composite fertilizer may contain amino acids other than methionine. Amino acid I can be used as such an amino acid. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing crystal precipitation of amino acid I, it is preferable to use amino acid I purified so that its content is 95% by weight or more. Step B When the liquid composite fertilizer contains amino acid I, the total content thereof is preferably in the range of 0.1% by weight to 50.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0% by weight to 10.0% by weight. is there.

Step B A production example of the liquid compound fertilizer will be described below. Methionine and, if necessary, amino acid I are added to water to which an acid component has been added as needed, and the mixture is dissolved and mixed until it becomes transparent. Before melting the solid raw material, the temperature is usually adjusted so that the temperature of the solution is about 40 ° C. If necessary, urea and other fertilizer components are dissolved, and if necessary, an acid component is added to adjust the pH of the solution in the range of 1.0 to 3.0. Then, usually, an amount of water necessary for adjusting the amount of each component contained is added and mixed. The solution thus obtained is usually allowed to stand for about 4 days to allow the insoluble matter to settle, and then the supernatant liquid is taken out and passed through a filter having an opening of 1 μm or less to remove the insoluble matter. B liquid compound fertilizer can be obtained.

Further, in the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, one or more kinds of pesticides can be applied. Examples of such pesticides include insecticides, nematodes, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators and phytotoxicity mitigating agents.
Examples of the active ingredient of the fungicide include isoprothiolane, edifenphos, epoxyconazole, oxadixil, quinoxysphene, cresoximemethyl, dietofencarb, spiroxamine, zoxamide, thyfluzamide, benomyl, thiophanatemethyl, metconazole, triflumizole, chlorotalonil, tebuconazole, chlorotalonil. Iminoctadine acetate, tebuconazole, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, chlorothalonil, nitrotalisopropyl, pyrazophos, pyribuchicarb, pyroquilon, binclozoline, phenoxanyl, fenbuconazole, fenpropimorph, fusalide, bupirimate, flukinconazole, fludioxonil, flusilazole, Flutranil, flutriahole, prosimidon, propiconazole, enilconazole, benaraxyl, penconazole, microbutanil, mepronil, azoxystrobin, iprovaricarb, oxycarboxyne, carpropamide, siazophamid, siflufenamide, simeconazole, dimethomorph, triticonazole, viterutanol , Pyraclostrobin, phenalimol, fenamiden, pencyclon, bendiocarb, boscalide, mepanipirim, azaconazole, iprobenphos, clozoline, dichloran, diphenoconazole, cyproconazole, tetraconazole, triazimenol, triazimephone, metalaxyl, metminostrobin, Examples include metminostrobin.
The application time of the pesticide is not particularly limited, and for example, it may be applied before the step A, may be applied in the step A, or may be applied between the step A and the step B. , May be applied simultaneously with or separately from methionine in step B, or may be applied after step B. When methionine and pesticide are applied separately in step B, the order of application is not particularly limited.

In step B of the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, methionine may be applied to the whole wheat plant or only a part (stems, leaves, buds, etc.). It can also be applied to wheat cultivation areas. Here, the wheat cultivation area is not particularly limited as long as it is the soil in which wheat is cultivated.

Specific application methods include, for example, spraying methionine on wheat cultivated areas and / or wheat foliage. In the method of spraying on the foliage of wheat, an aqueous solution of methionine or a solution obtained by diluting the liquid composite fertilizer of Step B with water can be used. Step B When the liquid compound fertilizer is diluted with water, the dilution ratio is preferably 10 to 10000 times. Examples of the spraying method include a method using a machine such as a boom sprayer, a method of hand spraying using a sprayer and the like, and a method of hand spraying using a power sprayer.
In addition, as a method of applying to a wheat cultivated area, for example, soil spraying, soil mixing and chemical irrigation to the soil can be mentioned.

The application rate of methionine to wheat is in the range of, for example, 0.001 kg to 10 kg per ^{1000 m 2 of wheat cultivated area.}

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, step B is preferably carried out in the period from the two-leaf stage to the stem-standing stage of wheat, and more preferably in the three-leaf stage to the four-leaf stage of wheat. ..

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, the original fertilizer can be applied. The original fertilizer is a fertilizer applied prior to sowing or transplanting a crop, and examples thereof include simple fertilizer, ordinary chemical fertilizer, advanced chemical fertilizer, and organic fertilizer. The application rate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 kg to ^{1000 kg per 1000 m 2 of wheat cultivated area.}

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, the steps A and B may be carried out at the same time or separately.
For example, step A and step B can be carried out at the same time by using a machine capable of simultaneously stepping on wheat and spraying (such as a boom sprayer equipped with a compression roller).
When the step A and the step B are carried out separately, the step B may be carried out after the step A, or the step A may be carried out after the step B.

In methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, both step A and step B are preferably carried out during the period from the two-leaf stage to the stem-standing stage of wheat, and more preferably from the three-leaf stage to the four-leaf stage. preferable.
Further, it is preferable to carry out the other step within 7 days after carrying out one step.

In the methods 1 and 2 of the present invention, the steps A and B may be carried out a plurality of times, respectively.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1
The soil was placed in a large black polypot with a diameter of 30 cm, and 10 wheat (variety: Chikugoizumi) seeds were sown. After germination, the plants were thinned out to 5 strains per pot and cultivated in a rain shelter cultivation house by a usual method.
When the wheat reached the three-leaf stage, the main body of a small carpet cleaner (Korokoro (registered trademark)) was used to suppress the wheat by hand with a weight of about 1.5 kg, and it was used as a substitute for wheat trampling. .. Suppression was performed 3 times at 7-day intervals, and for each of the 3 suppressions, the content of methionine (special grade L-methionine, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in the solution was shown in Table 1 1 day before suppression. The solution prepared by mixing methionine with water so as described in Table 1 was manually sprayed with 14 ml per pot so that the methionine application rate per ^{1000 m 2 of soil was as described in Table 1.} The foliage was sprayed at. All three suppressions and methionine spraying were performed before the stalk standing stage.
After that, cultivation was continued by a usual method. The number of tillers was examined during the internode elongation period when wheat tillers were completed. The test was repeated 3 times, 3 strains of average growth were selected from each pot, and the number of tillers was measured. Table 1 shows the average tiller number of 9 strains in total of 3 repeats.

Example 2
For each of the three suppressions, a solution prepared by mixing methionine with water so that the methionine content in the solution was as shown in Table 1 one day after suppression, not one day before suppression, The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 14 ml per pot was manually sprayed so that the methionine application rate per 1000 m ^{2 of soil was as shown in Table 1.} , The number of methions was measured. Table 1 shows the average tiller number of 9 strains in total of 3 repeats.

Comparative Example 1
The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 14 ml of water was manually sprayed per pot instead of the solution prepared by mixing methionine with water. The number was measured. Table 1 shows the average tiller number of 9 strains in total of 3 repeats.

Comparative Example 2
The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the solution prepared by mixing methionine with water was not sprayed on the foliage, and the number of tillers was measured. Table 1 shows the average tiller number of 9 strains in total of 3 repeats.

Comparative Example 3
When wheat reaches the three-leaf stage, a solution prepared by mixing methionine with water so that the methionine content in the solution is as shown in Table 1 without suppression is measured at 7-day intervals. The same method as in Example 1 except that 14 ml per pot was manually sprayed so that the methionine application rate per ^{1000 m 2 of} soil was 3 times as shown in Table 1. A test was conducted and the number of tillers was measured. Table 1 shows the average tiller number of 9 strains in total of 3 repeats.

Example 3
As the original fertilizer, 077 (trade name) (N: P: K = 30: 7: 7, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) for Super SR coat wheat, which is a one-shot fertilizer, is used as the original fertilizer at 30.3 kg per ^{1000 m 2 of wheat cultivation area.} In the field where 9.1 kg per 1000 m ² was applied, wheat (variety: Chikugoizumi) was sown in 1 section (ridge length 4 m x ridge width 1 m) with a spacing of 25 cm. The sowing amount was 6 kg per ^{1000 m 2 of wheat cultivated area.} After sowing, it was cultivated by a usual method.
When wheat reached the three-leaf stage, Sumitomo Liquid Fertilizer M441 (N: P: K = 4: 4: 1, DL-methionine 2% by weight, L-glutamic acid 4% by weight, urea 2) was used as a liquid compound fertilizer. .2% by weight, fertilizer component (total of nitrogen component, phosphoric acid component and potassium component) 9% by weight content, pH 2.0, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. The foliage was sprayed by hand using a power sprayer at a liquid volume of 250 L per 1000 m ^{2 of ground.} Immediately after spraying, 30 kg of tractor weight was placed on a hand-push type sowing suppression roller to suppress (tread wheat) and hill. Spraying, barley trampling and hilling were carried out three times at 10-day intervals. The third spraying was performed before the stalk standing period.
When the wheat reaches the heading stage, a fungicide for red mold disease is applied at ^{a liquid volume of 250 L per 1000 m 2 of} wheat cultivation area, 3 times in total at 7-day intervals (1st time: "work-up flowable" (1st time: "work-up flowable"). Product name) (Containing 18.0% by weight of metconazole, manufactured by Hokuko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Diluted 2000 times in water Second time: "Benlate wettable powder" (Product name) (Contains 50.0% by weight of benomyl) , Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) diluted 2000 times in water, 3rd time: "Workup Flowable" diluted 2000 times in water) was sprayed.
After that, cultivation was continued by a usual method. When the wheat reached the harvest season, 10 strains with average growth were selected, and the average number of tillers and ears of 10 strains and the total grain weight (yield) of the 10 strains were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 4
Except for the fact that wheat trampling and hilling were performed at the time when wheat reached the three-leaf stage without spraying a diluted solution of Sumitomo Liquid Fertilizer M441 diluted 500 times, and wheat trampling and hilling were performed three times at 10-day intervals. Was tested in the same manner as in Example 3, and the average number of tillers and ears of 10 strains and the grain weight (yield) of the total of 10 strains were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Claims (5)

A method for promoting tillering of wheat, which comprises a step A of trampling wheat and a step B of applying methionine to wheat. The method for promoting wheat tillering according to claim 1, wherein the step B of applying the methionine to wheat is a step B of applying a liquid composite fertilizer containing methionine to wheat. The method for promoting wheat tillering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein step A and step B are performed during the period from the two-leaf stage of wheat to the stage before the stalk standing stage. A method for cultivating wheat, which comprises a step A of trampling wheat and a step B of applying a liquid compound fertilizer containing methionine to wheat. The method for cultivating wheat according to claim 4, wherein step A and step B are carried out during the period from the two-leaf stage of wheat to the stage before the stalk standing stage.