JP2021084118A - Mechanical vibration processing device and mechanical vibration processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a mechanical vibration processing device and the like which change and/or extend a range in which an energy generation position can be adjusted compared to use of only supersonic vibration in processing for mechanically vibrating and rotationally driving a double-supported horn.SOLUTION: A mechanical vibration processing device 1 performs processing for an object 17 to be processed by mechanically vibrating and rotationally driving a double-supported horn 13. A vibrator 7 converts an electric signal generated by an electric signal oscillating part 5 into mechanical vibration of 20 kHz or less. Mechanical vibration is transmitted to the horn 13 via a drive part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanical vibration processing apparatus and a mechanical vibration processing method, and more particularly to a mechanical vibration processing apparatus that processes an object to be processed.

Patent Document 1 describes that a horn is supported by both sides and rotationally driven to perform processing by ultrasonic vibration.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes that metal foils laminated in multiple layers are joined by sonic vibration of 20 kHz or less.

Japanese Patent No. 3338008 JP-A-2018-103204

In general, ultrasonic waves mean elastic vibration waves (sound waves) having frequencies that are inaudible to the human ear. The lower limit of the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz.

Patent Document 1 describes that ultrasonic vibration is used. Recently, there has been increasing interest in fine processing. In the processing by ultrasonic vibration, we are trying to realize fine processing by increasing the frequency.

However, increasing the frequency tends to generate energy near the horn. Therefore, for example, in the case of metal joining, the object to be joined and the horn tend to stick to each other. The inventor has found that increasing the frequency makes fine processing difficult.

Patent Document 2 is a double-sided support, but is not rotationally driven.

Therefore, the present invention changes and / or extends the range in which the energy generation position can be adjusted as compared with the case where only ultrasonic vibration is used in machining in which a double-sided supported horn is mechanically vibrated and rotationally driven. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanical vibration processing device or the like.

The first aspect of the present invention is a mechanical vibration processing device that processes an object to be processed, and includes an electric signal oscillator that generates an electric signal and an oscillator that converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration. A drive unit that propagates the mechanical vibration while rotationally driving the horn that is supported by both sides is provided, and the oscillator unit converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz.

The second aspect of the present invention is the mechanical vibration processing apparatus of the first aspect, and when processing is performed using the first horn, the vibrator portion converts the mechanical vibration into 20 kHz or more. When processing is performed using the second horn, the vibrator unit converts the vibration into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz.

A third aspect of the present invention is the mechanical vibration processing apparatus of the second aspect, which includes a pressure adjusting unit for adjusting the pressure generated between the horn and the object to be processed, and the pressure adjusting unit is provided with the pressure adjusting unit. When machining in the same region as the machining using the first horn in the machining using the second horn, the pressure between the first horn and the object to be machined is compared with the second horn. The pressure between the object and the object to be processed is reduced.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is the mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the frequency of the electric signal generated by the electric signal oscillator is 20 kHz or more, and the vibrator is used. The unit converts an electric signal of 20 kHz or more into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is the mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the electric signal generated by the electric signal oscillating unit is 20 kHz or more, and the oscillator unit is. , The electric signal is converted into mechanical vibration of 10 kHz or more and less than 20 kHz.

The sixth aspect of the present invention is a mechanical vibration processing method for processing an object to be processed, in which an electric signal oscillating unit generates an electric signal and a vibrator unit converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration. A processing step of propagating the mechanical vibration while rotationally driving the drive unit to a horn supported by both sides is included. In the processing step, the vibrator unit transmits the electric signal to the mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz. Convert to.

According to each viewpoint of the present invention, it is possible to rotate and drive a horn supported by both sides to realize processing by mechanical vibration (sonic vibration) of less than 20 kHz. By using the sound wave vibration of less than 20 kHz, energy can be generated at a position far from the horn as compared with the case of using the mechanical vibration (ultrasonic vibration) of 20 kHz or more. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the metal to be processed and the horn from sticking to each other, and to generate energy at an appropriate position even if the object to be processed is thick. Further, as in the third aspect of the present invention, for example, even fine processing can be dealt with by adjusting the processing area by using the pressure adjusting unit. Therefore, in the processing in which the horn supported by both sides is rotationally driven, it becomes possible to process even a processing object that was difficult to process by ultrasonic vibration.

Further, as in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the first horn can be used for processing by mechanical vibration (ultrasonic vibration) of 20 kHz or more, and the second horn can be used for mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz. It may be able to realize processing by (sonic vibration). Since both ultrasonic vibration and sonic vibration can be realized, the processing target that can be processed can be greatly expanded.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the structure of the mechanical vibration processing apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the actual machine of the mechanical vibration processing apparatus 1 of FIG. The galvanized steel sheet is continuously seamed on each of the four sides using mechanical vibration of 15 kHz.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the mechanical vibration processing device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the following, "sonic vibration" is mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz, and "ultrasonic vibration" is mechanical vibration of 20 kHz or more.

With reference to FIG. 1, the mechanical vibration processing apparatus 1 includes a control unit 3, an electric signal oscillating unit 5 (an example of the “electric signal oscillating unit” in the present claim), and a vibrator unit 7 (the “electric signal oscillating unit” in the present claim). An example of an "oscillator unit"), a right-side drive unit 9, a left-side drive unit 11 (a combination of the right-side drive unit 9 and the left-side drive unit 11 is an example of the "drive unit" in the claims), and a horn 13 ( An example of the "horn" of the present invention) and a pressure adjusting unit 15 (an example of the "pressure adjusting unit" of the present application) are provided.

The control unit 3 controls the operation of each unit of the mechanical vibration processing device 1 by a control signal or the like.

The electric signal oscillator 5 generates an electric signal. In the following, it is assumed that the frequency of the electric signal is 20 kHz.

The vibrator unit 7 is a vibrator that converts the electric signal generated by the electric signal oscillator unit 5 into mechanical vibration.

The right side drive unit 9 and the left side drive unit 11 support the horn 13 on both sides and drive it to rotate. The mechanical vibration converted by the vibrator unit 7 propagates to the horn 13 via the right drive unit 9.

The horn 13 directly presses against the object to be processed 17 to perform processing (joining, welding, etc.).

The horn 13 and the pressure adjusting unit 15 sandwich the workpiece 17 from above with the horn 13 and from below with the pressure adjusting unit 15. The pressure adjusting unit 15 rises according to the control signal from the control unit 3 to adjust the pressure between the horn 13 and the workpiece 17. The pressure adjusting unit 15 may be driven by an anvil (receiving jig) in synchronization with the driving of the horn 13.

The vibration mode of the horn 13 changes depending on the shape of the horn. Basically, there are a horizontal vibration mode and a vertical vibration mode. The lateral vibration mode is transmitted as horizontal lateral vibration in which vibrations are parallel to each other, centering on the maximum vibration amplitude point of the center of the horn based on one wavelength. Mainly used for sonic metal bonding. In the longitudinal vibration mode, the amplitude is branched into the longitudinal vibration in the radial direction around the maximum stress point at the center of the horn based on a half wavelength. Mainly used for sonic resin welding.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of an actual machine of the mechanical vibration processing device 1 of FIG. FIG. 2A shows the entire actual machine. FIG. 2B shows a portion of the actuator in FIG. 2A.

FIG. 2C is a diagram showing an outline of a sound wave rotary system. The horn 39, which vibrates in the mode of lateral vibration (horizontal direction) or longitudinal vibration (radial direction), transmits sound wave energy to the part 41 while rotating, thereby continuously joining metals or welding resins. Or something. In FIG. 2 (c), the electric signal 31, the transducer 33, the boosters 35 and 37 (Booster), the horn (Horn) 39, and the parts (Parts) 41 are the electric signal oscillations of FIG. 1, respectively. It corresponds to the electric signal generated by the unit 5, the transducer unit 7, the right side drive unit 9, the left side drive unit 11, the horn 13, and the object to be machined 17.

2 (d) and 2 (e) are diagrams for explaining lateral vibration and longitudinal vibration, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2D, in the lateral vibration mode, the vibrations are parallel. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2E, in the longitudinal vibration mode, the vibration is branched into the longitudinal vibration.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, processing has been performed using ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, it was desired that the electric signal oscillating unit 5 and the oscillator unit 7 perform processing within the range of ultrasonic waves. That is, if ultrasonic vibration is used, the electric signal oscillating unit 5 can generate an electric signal at an ultrasonic frequency, and the vibrator unit 7 can convert the electric signal at an ultrasonic frequency into ultrasonic vibration. It is considered to be efficient.

When ultrasonic vibration is used, the vibrator unit 7 basically converts in the range of ultrasonic waves. Then, if the conversion process is simplified, the electric signal oscillating unit 5 generates at 20 kHz, which is the lower limit of ultrasonic waves, and the vibrator unit 7 generates ultrasonic waves at the same frequency or higher than 20 kHz. By changing it, ultrasonic processing can be realized with simple processing.

And, according to the conventional wisdom, the lower the frequency, the more suitable for a thick and large application, and the higher the frequency, the more suitable for a delicate and thin application. Therefore, it is desirable to increase the frequency in order to realize fine processing. In particular, as the frequency increases, the device has become smaller due to, for example, a smaller horn. From such a historical background, it has become common sense that the higher the frequency, the more desirable it is.

The inventor found this common sense suspicious. That is, as the frequency increases, energy is likely to be generated near the surface of the object to be machined in contact with the horn. Therefore, for example, in the case of metal joining, the object to be joined and the horn tend to stick to each other. That is, the higher the frequency, the more difficult it is to perform fine processing.

Furthermore, the inventor has noted that fine processing can be achieved even at low frequencies. That is, by lowering the frequency, for example, it is possible to prevent the object to be joined and the horn from sticking to each other. Furthermore, it is not only the frequency that determines the machining area, but also the pressure between the horn and the workpiece that plays an important role. For example, when the same processing area is realized by ultrasonic vibration and ultrasonic vibration in a state where rotation is stopped, the pressure by ultrasonic vibration may be smaller than the pressure by ultrasonic vibration. That is, I noticed that even if the frequency is low, fine processing can be realized.

Then, the inventors repeat trial and error to change the horn by using the electric signal oscillation unit 5, the oscillator unit 7, the right side drive unit 9, and the left side drive unit 11 for realizing ultrasonic processing. It was clarified that sonic processing of less than 20 kHz can be realized, and it was confirmed by an experiment. (A horn for realizing ultrasonic processing is an example of the "first horn" of the present claim, and a horn for realizing the ultrasonic processing is an example of the "second horn" of the present claim.) Vibration. The child unit 7 converts the electric signal of the electric signal oscillating unit 5 into mechanical vibration having a frequency lower than that.

The sound wave vibration has a good finish by using the mechanical vibration of 15 kHz. It can be realized at least at 10 kHz or more and less than 20 kHz. Similarly, sound wave vibration of less than 10 kHz can be realized by appropriately adjusting the horn and the like.

FIG. 3 shows a galvanized steel sheet in which four sides are continuously seamed using mechanical vibration of 15 kHz. In resistance spot welding of galvanized steel sheets, if spot welding is repeated continuously, it becomes impossible to obtain a welded portion between joint plates called a nugget at a certain number of hit points. It was known that the number of galvanized steel sheets was extremely small (for example, Kondo and 3 others, "Changes in wear of electrode tip shape in resistance spot welding of alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheets", Proceedings of the Welding Society, No. 27. Volume 3, No. 3, 2009, p. 230-239).

According to FIG. 3, in the galvanized steel sheet, continuous seams are obtained by utilizing mechanical vibration of 15 kHz, and an effect different from that of the prior art is obtained. The joining conditions are frequency 15kHz, pressurization 300N, rotation speed 1.0rpm, amplitude 50.0μm, seam length 300mm, and joining width 5.0mm. For mechanical vibration and rotary drive, intermittent alternating control was performed in which rotation was stopped while mechanical vibration was performed for 1.0 second, and then rotary drive was performed for 0.5 seconds to stop mechanical vibration.

Furthermore, the inventor has confirmed through experiments that the present invention has made it possible to join a wide range of metals such as aluminum, stainless steel, and high-strength steel (high-tensile steel), and to weld resins.

Furthermore, by using a low frequency, it is possible to appropriately process a large object to be processed, a thick metal, a plastic, or the like, which cannot be handled by ultrasonic vibration.

In this way, by realizing processing using sound wave vibration of less than 20 kHz, the lower the frequency, the easier it is for energy to be generated at a position farther from the horn, making it difficult for the object to be processed and the horn to stick to each other for a beautiful finish. Therefore, the range of application to mass production is widened.

1 Mechanical vibration processing device, 3 Control unit, 5 Electric signal oscillator, 7 Oscillator, 9 Right drive, 11 Left drive, 13 Horn, 15 Pressure regulator, 17 Machining object, 31 Electrical signal, 33 Transducer , 35, 37 booster, 39 horn, 41 parts

Claims (6)

A mechanical vibration processing device that processes an object to be processed.
An electric signal oscillator that generates an electric signal and
An oscillator that converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration,
It is equipped with a drive unit that propagates the mechanical vibration while rotationally driving the horn that is supported by both sides.
The vibrator unit is a mechanical vibration processing device that converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz. When processing is performed using the first horn, the vibrator section converts the vibration into mechanical vibration of 20 kHz or higher.
The mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when processing is performed using the second horn, the vibrator portion converts the mechanical vibration to less than 20 kHz. A pressure adjusting unit for adjusting the pressure generated between the horn and the object to be processed is provided.
When the pressure adjusting unit performs processing in the same region as the processing using the first horn in the processing using the second horn, it compares with the pressure between the first horn and the object to be processed. The mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pressure between the second horn and the object to be processed is reduced. The frequency of the electric signal generated by the electric signal oscillator is 20 kHz or more.
The mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibrator unit converts an electric signal of 20 kHz or more into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz. The electric signal generated by the electric signal oscillator is 20 kHz or more.
The mechanical vibration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vibrator unit converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration of 10 kHz or more and less than 20 kHz. This is a mechanical vibration processing method that processes an object to be processed.
A machining step in which the electric signal oscillator generates an electric signal, the vibrator converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration, and the drive unit rotationally drives the horn supported by both sides to propagate the mechanical vibration. Including
In the processing step, the vibrator unit converts the electric signal into mechanical vibration of less than 20 kHz, which is a mechanical vibration processing method.

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