JP2021055295A - Temporary handrail, and construction method of opening - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temporary handrail which does not interfere with work and can prevent a worker or a tool from falling, and a method of constructing an opening using the temporary handrail. SOLUTION: The temporary handrail 1 is a temporary handrail 1 that prevents a fall from the opening 2 during construction of a building in which a wall body 4 is formed on the peripheral edge of an opening 2 formed through the upper and lower floors. A plurality of bases 7 fixed to the floor surface of the upper floor, a plurality of columns 8 whose lower ends are fixed to the base 7 and erected, and a horizontal member 9 temporarily installed between the columns 8. Is formed, and is formed at a position separated by a predetermined length from the position where the wall body 4 is formed on the side opposite to the opening 2. [Selection diagram] Fig. 4

Description

The present invention relates to a temporary handrail that prevents falling from an opening formed through the upper and lower floors, and a method of constructing an opening using the temporary handrail.

Conventionally, when constructing a building that has an opening that penetrates the floor of the upper floor and communicates with the upper and lower floors, such as a staircase or a stairwell, a temporary handrail is provided on the periphery of this opening. , Prevents workers and tools from falling from the opening to the lower floor side. As such a temporary handrail, for example, a plurality of handrail columns are erected by inserting a pin formed at the lower part of the handrail column into a mounting hole provided in a beam formed at the periphery of the opening. Then, there is a temporary handrail formed by erection of a horizontal member between the handrail columns (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-31611

However, since the temporary handrail of Patent Document 1 is inserted into a beam exposed on the peripheral edge of the opening and erected, it is used during the work of covering the beam with a fireproof coating material or on the upper flange of the beam. There is a problem that the lower end of the temporary handrail becomes an obstacle when placing mortar on top to improve fire resistance. In addition, when constructing a wall body such as a boundary wall or a partition wall on the periphery of the opening, the temporary handrail interferes with the wall body. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the temporary handrail before constructing the wall body. Since it has not been completed yet, workers and tools may fall from the opening.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a temporary handrail that does not interfere with the work and can prevent the fall of workers and tools, and a method of constructing an opening using the temporary handrail.

The temporary handrail of the present invention is a temporary handrail that prevents a fall from the opening during construction of a building in which a wall body is formed on the periphery of the opening formed through the upper and lower floors, and is a floor surface of the upper floor. A position where the wall body is formed, including a plurality of bases fixed to the base, a plurality of columns whose lower ends are fixed to the base and erected, and a horizontal member temporarily installed between the columns. It is characterized in that it is formed at a position separated by a predetermined length on the side opposite to the opening.

The temporary handrail of the present invention is characterized in that the predetermined length is 150 mm or more and 250 mm or less from the surface of the wall body.

In the temporary handrail of the present invention, the floor surface is a concrete floor slab, the base is screwed to the floor surface, and the lower end of the support column is externally fitted to the protrusion formed on the upper surface of the base. It is characterized by.

The temporary handrail of the present invention is characterized in that the opening is an opening forming a staircase connecting the upper and lower floors.

In the method of constructing an opening of the present invention, a beam is erected on the outer periphery thereof so as to form a rectangular opening, and one end of a concrete floor slab is fixed to the beam to form a floor surface, and a distance from the beam. The base is fixed on the floor surface at a position away from the opening, a support is erected on the base, and a horizontal member is erected on the support to form any of the above temporary handrails. Then, the runner material is fixed along one end of the concrete floor slab, and studs are erected on the runner material to form a wall base, and then the wall panel is fixed to the wall base, and then the lateral side. It is characterized in that the temporary handrail is removed by removing the frame material, the support column, and the base.

According to the temporary handrail of the present invention, since the base is fixed to the floor surface of the upper floor, the temporary handrail does not interfere with the peripheral edge of the opening, and the beam is covered with a fireproof coating material or the upper side of the beam. The lower end of the temporary handrail does not get in the way when the mortar is placed on the flange of the to improve the fire resistance performance. Further, since the temporary handrail is formed at a position opposite to the opening from the position where the wall body is formed and at a position separated by a predetermined length, the temporary handrail is formed when the wall body is constructed on the peripheral edge of the opening. Since it interferes, it is not necessary to remove the temporary handrail before the construction of the wall body, and the construction of the wall body can be performed safely.

According to the temporary handrail of the present invention, since the distance from the surface of the wall body to the temporary handrail is 150 mm or more from the position where the wall body is formed to the opposite side of the opening, the wall panel constituting the wall body is attached to the base. Since the temporary handrail does not get in the way and the distance from the surface of the wall body to the temporary handrail is 250 mm or less, the stepladder should be installed along the temporary handrail when screwing the upper end of the wall panel. Even when it is placed, it does not move far from the wall panel, and work such as screwing can be performed safely without taking an unreasonable posture on the stepladder.

According to the temporary handrail of the present invention, the base is screwed to the floor surface of the concrete floor slab, and the lower end of the support is fitted to the protrusion formed on the upper surface of the base, so that the support of the temporary handrail can be erected very easily. It can be installed, and the installation work of the temporary handrail can be simplified. Further, since the temporary handrail can be removed in the reverse procedure, the temporary handrail can be removed extremely easily. Since the base can be screwed and a protrusion is formed on the upper surface to support the support column, a temporary handrail can be constructed at low cost by diverting a general jack base or fixed base. ..

According to the temporary handrail of the present invention, since the opening is an opening forming a staircase connecting the upper and lower floors, a boundary wall is formed on the periphery of the staircase like a condominium in which a common inner staircase is formed. Even when it is necessary, a temporary handrail can be provided without hindering the workability, and the work can be carried out safely.

According to the method of constructing the opening of the present invention, the base is fixed on the floor surface at a position away from the opening, the support column is erected on the base, and the horizontal member is erected on the support column, so that a temporary handrail can be easily formed. The temporary handrail does not interfere with the construction of wall bodies such as runner materials, studs, and wall panels, and the temporary handrail is removed after the wall panel is fixed. It is possible to reliably prevent the tool from falling.

The perspective view which shows the state which attached the base to the ALC floor slab before construction of an opening. A perspective view showing a state in which a support column is erected on a base before construction of an opening. A perspective view showing a state in which a horizontal member is attached to a support column to complete a temporary handrail. Sectional drawing which shows the state which completed the temporary handrail. The figure which shows the state which the worker who put on the safety belt works around the opening. The figure which shows the state which the worker who got on a stepladder works around the opening. The figure which shows the state which the opening 2 was completed by constructing the ceiling 13 of the lower floor, the wall surface 14 on the staircase side, and the like. The figure which shows the state which removes a temporary handrail.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the temporary handrail 1 and the method of constructing the opening of the present invention will be described with reference to the respective drawings. The temporary handrail 1 is a temporary handrail 1 used in the construction of a building having an opening 2 that penetrates the floor surface of the upper floor and communicates with the upper and lower floors, such as a staircase or a stairwell. The temporary handrail 1 is formed on the peripheral edge of the opening 2 to prevent the worker 3 and tools from falling from the opening 2 to the lower floor side. In the opening 2 of the present embodiment, a staircase surrounded by a boundary wall is formed when the building is completed. Therefore, the temporary handrail 1 of the present embodiment prevents the worker 3 and the tool from falling until the boundary wall is formed. Here, the boundary wall is the wall body 4 in the present invention.

The building in which the opening 2 is constructed using the temporary handrail 1 may be a building that is used by a large number of people, such as an apartment house, a commercial facility, and an accommodation facility, or a small number of buildings such as a detached house. It may be a building where a family lives. The building is a steel structure and has a plurality of beams 5 made of H-shaped steel. The building is not limited to the steel structure, and may have other structural structures such as a lightweight steel structure, an RC structure, and a wooden structure. ALC floor slabs 6 are laid on the plurality of beams 5 to form the floor surface of the upper floor. The floor surface of the upper floor is formed by pasting a floor decorative material (not shown) on the ALC floor slab 6, but when the temporary handrail 1 is installed, the floor decorative material is still attached. Not. The "concrete floor slab" in the present invention is the ALC floor slab 6 in the present embodiment, but is not limited to this, and may be an extruded cement board such as a PC board or ECP, an RC slab, or the like. There may be.

As shown in FIG. 4, the temporary handrail 1 is temporarily installed between the base 7 fixed to the upper surface of the ALC floor slab 6, a plurality of columns 8 whose lower ends are fixed to the base 7 and erected, and the columns 8. The horizontal member 9 is provided. The base 7 is made of metal and has a rectangular floor board 70 and a protrusion 71 extending upward from the center of the floor board 70. The floor board 70 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the base 7 is fixed to the ALC floor slab 6 by driving the floor slab fixing screw 72 into the ALC floor slab 6 through the through holes from above. The protrusion 71 is a cylindrical material that is welded to the center of the floor board 70 and extends upward. As the base 7, a metal fitting for fixing a single-tube scaffold, which is generally called a fixed base, can be diverted, and the cost can be reduced as compared with the case where a dedicated part is provided. The base 7 may be a jack base in which the protrusions 71 of the male screws protrude from the bed 70, instead of the fixed base on which the protrusions 71 of the cylindrical material are formed. Even in this case, it can be made inexpensive by using a jack base that is generally distributed. The floor slab fixing screw 72 is a stainless steel screw for ALC that can be screwed into the ALC floor slab 6 without making a pilot hole. The pilot hole may be formed in advance.

In the present embodiment, the floor slab fixing screw 72 is driven into the ALC floor slab 6 from above the through hole provided in the base 7, but the diameter of the through hole provided in the base 7 is the floor slab fixing screw 72. If it is larger than the head of the floor slab, a wooden flat plate (not shown) may be placed on the base 7 and the floor slab fixing screw 72 may be driven from above.

The support column 8 is a single pipe made of steel. The support column 8 is provided with a clamp member 80 for fixing a single pipe in the vicinity of the upper end portion and in the middle portion in the height direction, respectively. The clamp member 80 fixes the horizontal member 9 so as to be orthogonal to the support column 8. The horizontal member 9 is a single pipe having a structure, and extends in the horizontal direction to form the main body of the handrail. Two horizontal members 9 are provided in parallel in the vertical direction, and the two horizontal members 9 prevent the operator from falling from the opening 2.

The temporary handrail 1 is arranged so that the center of the support column 8 of the temporary handrail 1 is located at a position set back in a direction away from the opening 2 by 300 mm from the module core N, which is a design standard of the opening 2. In the present embodiment, the module core N is the center line of the beam 5 forming the opening 2, and is the reference line on which the edge of the ALC floor slab 6 on the opening 2 side is arranged. The surface S on the side of the wall 4 away from the opening 2 is arranged so as to be 99.5 mm from the module core N, from the surface S of the wall 4 to the center of the support column 8 of the temporary handrail 1. The length of is 200.5 mm. The temporary handrail 1 needs to be separated from the wall body 4 so as not to interfere with the wall body 4 itself or tools such as a driver when constructing the wall body 4, and the temporary handrail 1 is a wall body 4 When the stepladder is placed along the temporary handrail 1 on the side away from the opening 2, it is necessary to be close to the wall body 4 so that the operator can drive the screw into the wall body 4. The length of the temporary handrail 1 to the center of the support column 8 is preferably 150 mm or more and 250 mm or less.

Next, the construction method of the opening will be described. When constructing a building, the structural frame of the building is formed on the foundation, the roof and outer walls are constructed, and then the floor of the building is formed. In the building of the present embodiment, the end portion of the ALC floor slab 6 is placed on the upper flange of the beam 5 so that the edge of the ALC floor slab 6 is arranged at the center line in the width direction of the beam 5. , A plurality of ALC floor slabs 6 are laid side by side. At this time, a beam 5 is erected at the position where the staircase is formed, and the outer circumference is surrounded by the beam 5. By not erection of the ALC floor slab 6 between the outer peripheral beams 5, the upper and lower floors are penetrated. The opening 2 is formed. Then, a temporary handrail 1 is provided along the opening 2 in order to prevent the operator and the tool from falling during the work around the opening 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the temporary handrail 1 is located at a position 300 mm away from the module core N, that is, about 200 mm from a position where the surface S on the opposite side of the opening 2 of the wall body 4 is arranged. The base 7 is placed on the ALC floor slab 6 so that the protrusion 71 formed at the center thereof is arranged. Then, the floor slab fixing screw 72 is driven into the ALC floor slab 6 from above the through hole of the base 7, and the base 7 is fixed to the ALC floor slab 6.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the support column 8 formed of a single pipe is fitted into the protrusion 71 of the base 7 at the lower end of the base 7, and the support column 8 is erected on the ALC floor slab 6. At this time, since the protrusion 71 of the base 7 is arranged at a position about 200 mm away from the position where the surface S on the side opposite to the opening 2 of the wall body 4 is arranged, the support column 8 is also arranged on the surface of the wall body 4. It will be arranged at a position about 200 mm away from S.

Then, when the support column 8 is erected, then, as shown in FIG. 3, the clamp member 80 formed at the upper end portion and the intermediate portion of the support column 8 is operated to operate the two single-tube horizontal members. 9 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the support column 8, and the horizontal member 9 is attached to the support column 8. The horizontal member 9 is attached to each of the clamp members 80 of the columns 8 arranged along the opening 2, and is erected on the column 8. When the support column 8 is erected on the base 7 and the horizontal member 9 is erected on the support column 8, then, although not shown, a long wooden flat plate is fixed to the lower end of the support column 8 with a binding wire such as an iron wire to open the opening. A handrail skirting board is formed to prevent tools and materials from falling from the part 2.

After that, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the worker's safety belt 30 is fixed to the horizontal member 9 of the temporary handrail 1, the beam 5 is covered with the fireproof coating material 50, and the upper flange of the beam 5 is covered. An angle-shaped mortar receiving plate is fixed to a portion where the ALC floor slab 6 is not provided, and the mortar 51 is placed to improve the fire resistance of the beam 5. By forming the temporary handrail 1 in this way, the safety of the operator is improved, and since the temporary handrail 1 is not fixed to the flange of the beam 5, the work such as the fireproof coating of the beam 5 is performed. At that time, the temporary handrail 1 does not interfere with each other, and the work can be easily and surely performed.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the runner material 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the ALC floor slab 6 along one side of the ALC floor slab 6. Although not shown, the runner material 10 is also fixed under the beam on the upper floor provided above, and a stud 11 is erected between the pair of runner materials 10 to form a wall base. Then, the wall panel 12 of the gypsum board is doubly attached to the wall base and fastened with screws. For example, when fixing the upper runner material 10 or when fixing the upper end portion of the wall panel 12 with screws, as shown in FIG. 6, the stepladder is arranged close to the side opposite to the opening 2 of the temporary handrail 1. Then, the worker rides on the stepladder to construct the wall panel 12 and the like. At this time, since the temporary handrail 1 is located at a position of about 200 mm from the position where the surface S of the wall body 4 is to be arranged, the stepladder is not too far away and the work can be safely performed without taking an unreasonable posture. Can be done. In the present embodiment, the wall body 4 is a boundary wall that separates the common staircase and the dwelling unit. The wall body 4 is not limited to this, and may be a partition wall of a detached dwelling unit or a waist wall overlooking the atrium space.

After that, as shown in FIG. 7, the ceiling 13 on the lower floor, the wall surface 14 on the staircase room side, and the like are constructed to complete the opening 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the horizontal member 9 is removed from the clamp member 80, the support column 8 is pulled out from the protrusion 71 of the base 7, the floor slab fixing screw 72 is removed, and the base 7 is removed from above the ALC floor slab 6. Removal Remove the temporary handrail 1. In this way, since the temporary handrail 1 is removed after the wall body 4 is formed, it is possible to improve the safety during the work of constructing the wall body 4. Then, after removing the temporary handrail 1, although not shown, floor decorative materials, wall cloths, and the like are applied to complete the interior of the building.

As described above, according to the construction method of the temporary handrail 1 and the opening 2 of the present embodiment, the temporary handrail 1 is provided at a position where it does not interfere with the construction of the wall body 4, so that the wall body 4 is formed. It is possible to prevent the tool and the worker 3 from falling from the opening 2 before the work is performed.

It goes without saying that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

The construction method of the temporary handrail 1 and the opening according to the present invention is the construction of the temporary handrail 1 and the opening which enhances the safety at the time of construction of the opening 2 in a building having two or more floors and provided with a staircase or a stairwell. It can be suitably used as a method.

1 Temporary handrail 2 Opening 4 Wall 6 ALC floor slab (concrete floor slab)
7 Base 8 Strut 9 Horizontal material S Surface

Claims (5)

A temporary handrail that prevents falling from the opening during construction of a building in which a wall body is formed on the periphery of the opening formed through the upper and lower floors.
With multiple bases fixed to the floor on the upper floor,
A plurality of columns whose lower ends are fixed to the base and erected,
A horizontal member temporarily installed between the columns and
With
A temporary handrail characterized in that it is formed at a position separated by a predetermined length from the position where the wall body is formed on the side opposite to the opening. The temporary handrail according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined length is 150 mm or more and 250 mm or less from the surface of the wall body. The floor surface is a concrete floor slab, and the base is screwed to the floor surface and at the same time.
The temporary handrail according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower end of the support column is fitted onto a protrusion formed on the upper surface of the base. The temporary handrail according to claim 1 to 3, wherein the opening is an opening forming a staircase connecting the upper and lower floors. A beam is erected on the outer circumference so as to form a rectangular opening,
One end of the concrete floor slab is fixed to the beam to form the floor surface.
The base is fixed on the floor surface at a position away from the opening at a distance from the beam, the support column is erected on the base, and the horizontal member is erected on the support column. To form the temporary handrail according to any one of claims 4
A runner material is fixed along one end of the concrete floor slab, and a stud is erected on the runner material to form a wall base, and then a wall panel is fixed to the wall base.
After that, a method of constructing an opening, which comprises removing the horizontal member, the support column, and the base, and removing the temporary handrail.

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